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Name: ____________________________________________ Grade & Section: ______________

Name of Teacher:___________________________________

PASAY- BIO1-Q1-W1-D2
MODULE IN GENERAL BIOLOGY 1
First Quarter/ Week 1/ Day 2

Shelly is my name.
I. OBJECTIVES: Yes! it’s me again.
Explain the postulates of cell theory. (STEM_BIO11/12Ia-c-1) Today let’s find a way
for you to learn and gain!
Specific Objectives:
1. explain the postulates of cell theory;
2. relate microscopy and cell theory development;
3. tabulate the important contributions of scientists in cytology;

This module discusses the development of cell theory. The proceeding activities
will lead you to the understanding of its postulates. The linkage between
microscopy and cell theory will also be discussed on the latter part.

THE HISTORY OF CELL BIOLOGY

Discovery of cells was made possible by the development of microscope in the 17th
century. In 1665, the English scientist Robert Hooke used a microscope to examine a thin slice
of cork. Hooke described it as consisting of “a great many little boxes.” These “little boxes”
reminded him of the cubicles or “cells” in which monks lived, so he called them cells. What
Hooke had observed were actually the remains of dead plant cells.
The first person to observe living cells was a Dutch trader, Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
Although van Leeuwenhoek’s microscope was rather simple, in 1673 it was powerful enough to
enable him to view the world of microscopic organisms which had never before been seen.
About 150 years passed before scientists began to organize the observations begun by
Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek into a unified theory known as the cell theory. This theory has
three parts:
 All living things are composed of one or more cells.
 Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism.
 Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells.

Early evidence for the cell theory was provided by German scientists. In 1838, the
botanist Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are composed of cells. A year later, the
zoologist Theodor Schwann came to the same conclusion about animals. In 1855, Rudolf
Virchow, a physician who had been studying how disease affects living things, reasoned that
cells come only from other cells. Over the years, modern scientists have gathered much
additional evidence that strongly supports the cell theory.
The cell is actually too small to see with the unaided eye. It is visible here in such detail
because it is being viewed with a very powerful microscope. Cells may be small in size, but
they are extremely important for life. Like all other living things, you are made of cells. Cells are
the basis of life, and without cells, life as we know it would not exist.
If you look at a living matter with a microscope — even a simple light microscope — you
will see that it consists of cells. Knowing the structure of cells and the processes they carry out
is necessary to understanding life itself (Grewal & Walim, 2020).

Accomplish the tasks and log your progress on this table.

Today’s
Tasks
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Name: ____________________________________________ Grade & Section: ______________
Name of Teacher:___________________________________

CONTEXTUAL UNDERSTANDING. Read the discussions on page 1 then, answer these

I.
N guide questions.

1. What caused scientists to discover the existence of cells?

____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Date Scientist Discovery
1665 1. - observed the remains of dead plant cells
2. What did Hooke observe in the cork slice?
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 3.
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. What
1838discovery Matthias
is Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek4.noted for?
Schleiden
CELL THEORY
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. FIRST6.OBSERVED CELLS: - stated that all animals are made of cells
4. What are the three parts of the cell theory? MICROSCOPIC ANIMALS
1855 7. CORK CELLS 8.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. What powerful tool was used by several scientists in discovering matters about cells? Why is it
necessary? FACTS & COLORS. Read the paragraph on page 4 and color these images based
III.on the given instructions.
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
II. ORGANIZING FACTS. The figure below indicates events that led up to the cell theory.
Complete the table by filling in the blank spaces.

ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF ONE OR MORE CELLS

CELL IS THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE ALL CELLS COME FROM

PRE- EXISTING CELLS

One of the most important general principles In 1838 and 1839 the botanist, Matthias Schleiden
in biology is the CELL THEORY. Scientists use the and the zoologist Theodor Schwann proposed a
term “theory” to indicate something that is more hypothesis that all living organisms are made up of
than just a hypothesis. A theory is a statement that one or more cells and that those cells are the smallest
has been proven true after many experiments. The thing that is alive. Since that time, thousands of
cell theory was developed over many centuries by scientists have examined millions of living organisms
hundreds of scientists. It has been proven true so and have never found a single thing smaller than a
many times that some scientists call it a concept. cell that can function completely on its own.
The term “cell” was first used by English
scientist Robert Hooke as he observed thin slices of Color the title “All Living Things Are Made Up of
cork under the microscope. He used the word cell One or More Cells” and the three cells labeled “C”
because the compartments he saw in the cork with green.
reminded him of small rooms, called cells, used in
monasteries and jails. The compartments in the The idea that the cell is the basic unit of life was
cork were empty because the cells had died and derived from the observation that the smallest thing
disintegrated, but he also described cells in living that has all of the properties of life is a single cell. If
plant tissues, which were filled with fluids. the cell is broken open, the life processes stop.
Color the title “Cell Theory” black and the title Color the title “The Cell is the Basic Unit of Life”
“First Observed Cells” brown. Now color the title and the cell labeled “D” blue.
“Cork Cells” and the pictures labeled “A” with light
brown. This is how Robert Hooke drew the first cells In 1858 the German biologist Rudolf Virchow
he saw under a microscope. supplied the third part of the cell theory when he
stated that all cells come from the division of
In 1675 the Dutch scientist Antoine van preexisting cells.
Leeuwenhoek discovered microscopic animals in Although most scientists believe that the first
water. He also discovered bacteria, which were not cells spontaneously arose from chemical reactions
reported by anyone else for another 200 years. when the earth was first formed, that occurred under
very different conditions than those existing today and
Color the title “Microscopic Animals” and the took a very large amount of time. Today we never see
small animals labeled “B” yellow. This is a a cell produced except by division of a preexisting
reproduction of van Leeuwenhoek’s drawings. cell.
Numerous scientists contributed various bits,
 the credit for pulling it all together usually goes to a
pair of German scientists.

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Name: ____________________________________________ Grade & Section: ______________
Name of Teacher:___________________________________

MATCH-IT-UP. Match the scientist with the correct letter stating his contribution to
IV.cell discovery.

1. Zacharias Janssen A German histologist that concluded all cells come from
other cells
2. Rudolf Virchow B German physiologist that concluded all animals are made
of cells
3. Robert Hooke C Came up with the word "cell" after studying cork
under the microscope
4. Theodor Schwann D German botanist who concluded that all plants are made
of cells
5. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek E Dutch tradesman who made the first simple microscope
6. Matthias Schleiden F Dutch scientist that built a compound microscope with his
father.

EXIT TICKETS. Answer the questions attached on each ticket. Think critically to
V. gain an advantage. You are one step away from the final activity.

1. What had been the vital instrument used by the previously cited scientists which
aid them in their discoveries? Explain why.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. What do you think may happen in the field of cytology if cell theory wasn’t
established?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

The cell theory is so established today that it forms one of the unifying
principles of biology. It states that:
cells are the basic unit of life;
all biological organisms are composed of cells;
1.
all cells come from pre- existing cells.
(Feher, 2017).
Which of the following was not a major event in the history of the development of cell theory?
A. SchleidenEVALUATION.
concluding thatRead
all plants
each are comprised
item of then
carefully cells shade the letter of your answer on
B. HookeVI.viewing
the provided answer sheet. Do not make any aunnecessary
the remains of cells in a slice of cork under microscope marks on the answer
C. Schwannsheetidentifying that bacteria
because papers andwill viruses were single-celled
be checked thru scantron.organisms
D. Van Leeuwenhoek viewing living cells from algae and protists under his microscope
2. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for the development of cell theory?
A. Manufacturing and using simple microscopes → determining that all living organisms are comprised
of cells → determining that plants are comprised of cells → understanding that new cells are
produced by preexisting cells
B. Manufacturing and using simple microscopes → determining that plants are comprised of
cells → determining that all living organisms are comprised of cells → understanding that new
cells are produced by preexisting cells
C. Determining that plants are comprised of cells → determining that all living organisms are comprised
of cells → manufacturing and using simple microscopes → understanding that new cells are
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Name: ____________________________________________ Grade & Section: ______________
Name of Teacher:___________________________________

produced by preexisting cells

D. Manufacturing and using simple microscopes → understanding that new cells are produced by
preexisting cells → determining that plants are comprised of cells → determining that all living
organisms are comprised of cells
3. How did Robert Hooke contribute to the development of cell theory?
A. Hooke stated that the new cells in an organism are produced by preexisting cells.
B. Hooke determined that all living organisms are composed of cells.
C. Hooke used lenses to make simple microscopes that could view living organisms under greater than
200x magnification.
D. Hooke used a microscope to view a piece of cork that he determined was made up of small
compartments he called “cells.”
4. How did Antoine van Leeuwenhoek contribute to the development of cell theory?
A. Van Leeuwenhoek determined that all living organisms are composed of cells.
B. Van Leeuwenhoek stated that the new cells in an organism are produced by preexisting cells.
C. Van Leeuwenhoek used a microscope to view a piece of cork that he determined was made up of
small compartments he called “cells.”
D. Van Leeuwenhoek used lenses to make simple microscopes that could view living organisms under
greater than 200x magnification.
5. How did Matthias Schleiden contribute to the development of cell theory?
A. Schleiden determined that all living organisms are composed of cells.
B. Schleiden studied plant tissues and determined that plants are composed of cells.
C. Schleiden stated that the new cells in an organism are produced by preexisting cells.
D. Schleiden used lenses to make simple microscopes that could view living organisms under greater
than 200x magnification.
6. Which two scientists, involved in the development of cell theory, determined that living organisms are made
up of cells?
A. Virchow and Schwann B. Virchow and Hooke
C. Schleiden and Schwann D. Hooke and Van Leeuwenhoek
7. Which of the following best defines cell theory?
A. It is the scientific theory that states that cells will divide, replicate, and mutate throughout their
lifetime.
B. It is the scientific theory that states that cells are the basic unit of life and make up all living
organisms.
C. It is the scientific theory that states that all cells are genetically and structurally identical across all
living organisms.
D. It is the scientific theory that states that all living animals are made up of groups of differently
specialized cells.

8. How did Rudolf Virchow contribute to the development of cell theory?

A. Virchow determined that all living organisms are composed of cells.
B. Virchow studied plant tissues and determined that plants are composed of cells.
C. Virchow stated that the new cells in an organism are produced by preexisting cells.
D. Virchow used a microscope to view a piece of cork that he determined was made up of small
compartments he called “cells.”
9. Which of the following is not a principle that cell theory is based on?
A. All cells are made from preexisting cells.
B. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells.
C. The basic functional unit of all living organisms is the cell.
D. Cells are the smallest structures found within an organism.
10. How did Theodor Schwann contribute to the development of cell theory?
A. Schwann determined that all living organisms are composed of cells.
B. Schwann stated that the new cells in an organism are produced by preexisting cells.
C. Schwann studied plant tissues and determined that plants are composed of cells.
D. Schwann used lenses to make simple microscopes that could view living organisms under
magnification greater than 200x.
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Name: ____________________________________________ Grade & Section: ______________
Name of Teacher:___________________________________

MODULE WRITER: MARY ANN E. GARCIA

PASAY CITY SOUTH HIGH SCHOOL
References:

Feher, J. (2017). The Core Principles of Physiology. Science Direct. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com
/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/cell-theory

Grewal, M., Walim, S. (2020). Discovery of Cells and Cell Theory. Biology Liretexts. Retrieved from
https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Book%3A_Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/
05%3A_Cells/5.02%3A_Discovery_of_Cells_and_Cell_Theory

Online Sources retrieved on June 06, 2020:

https://www.nagwa.com/en/worksheets/359171571219/
https://www.henhudschools.org/cms/lib/NY01813707/Centricity/Domain/1390/HW%2012%20-%20Cell%20Theory
%20I.pdf
https://www.gwisd.us/vimages/shared/vnews/stories/4ebbe99bda63a/The%20Cell%20Theory%20Power%20Point
%20and%20Coloring%20Activity.pdf