Many, Much, A Lot Of, Lots of

Much,
many, a lot of, lots of: quantifiers

We use the quantifiers much, many, a lot of, lots of to talk about quantities, amounts
and degree. We can use them with a noun (as a determiner) or without a noun (as a
pronoun).
MUCH MANY
- We use MUCH with singular - We use MANY with plural

uncountable nouns countable nouns
Eg Eg
I haven’t got much change. I’ve only got Are there many campsites near you?
a ten euro note.
We usually use much and many with questions (?) and negatives (−):

Is there much unemployment in that area?
How many eggs are in this cake?
Do you think many people will come?
It was pouring with rain but there wasn’t much wind.
There aren’t many women priests.
Affirmatives
In affirmative clauses we sometimes use much and many in more formal styles:
There is much concern about drug addiction in the US.
He had heard many stories about Yanto and he knew he was trouble.
In informal styles, we prefer to use lots of or a lot of:
I went shopping and spent a lot of money.
Not: I went shopping and spent much money.
A LOT OF LOTS OF
A lot of, lots of with a noun

We use a lot of and lots of in informal styles. Lots of is more informal than a lot of. A
lot of and lots of can both be used with plural countable nouns and with singular
uncountable nouns for affirmatives, negatives, and questions:
We’ve got lots of things to do.
That’s a lot of money.
There weren’t a lot of choices.
Can you hurry up? I don’t have a lot of time.
Are there a lot of good players at your tennis club?
Have you eaten lots of chocolate?
Much of, many of

When we use much or many before articles (a/an, the), demonstratives (this, that),
possessives (my, your) or pronouns (him, them), we need to use of:
How much of this book is fact and how much is fiction?
Claude, the seventeenth-century French painter, spent much of his life in Italy.
Unfortunately, not many of the photographers were there.
How many of them can dance, sing and act?
This much, that much

Spoken English:
When we are talking to someone face-to-face, we can use this much and that much with
a hand gesture to indicate quantity:
[the speaker indicates a small amount with his fingers]
I only had that much cake.
See also:
 Lots, a lot, plenty
Much, many, a lot of, lots of: negative questions

When we use much and many in negative questions, we are usually expecting that a
large quantity of something isn’t there. When we use a lot of and lots of in negative
questions, we are usually expecting a large quantity of something.
Compare
(No, they haven’t.)
Haven’t they sold many tickets? The speaker expects that they have sold a small
quantity of tickets.
(Yes, they have.)

Haven’t they sold a lot
of tickets? (or lots of) The speaker expects that they have sold a large
quantity of tickets.
(No, there isn’t.)

Isn’t there much food left? The speaker expects that there is a small quantity of
food left.
(Yes, there is.)

Isn’t there a lot of food left? (or lots
of) The speaker expects that there is a large quantity of
food left.
Much, many, a lot, lots: without a noun

We usually leave out the noun after much, many and a lot, lots when the noun is
obvious:
A:
Would you like some cheese?
B:
Yes please but not too much. (not too much cheese)
A:
Can you pass me some envelopes?
B:
How many? (how many envelopes?)
A:
How many people came?
B:
A lot. (or Lots.)
Much with comparative adjectives and adverbs: much

older, much faster
We can use much before comparative adjectives and adverbs to make a stronger
comparison:
Sometimes the prices in the local shop are much better than the supermarket’s prices.
I feel much calmer now I know she’s safe. (much calmer than I felt before)
She’s walking much more slowly since her operation. (much more slowly than before)
Too much, too many and so much, so many

Too much, too many with a noun
We often use too before much and many. It means ‘more than necessary’. We can
use too much before an uncountable noun and too many before a plural noun, or
without a noun when the noun is obvious:
I bought too much food. We had to throw some of it away.
They had a lot of work to do. Too much. (too much work)
There are too many cars on the road. More people should use public transport.
There are 35 children in each class. It’s too many. (too many children)
So much, so many with a noun

We use so rather than very before much and many in affirmative clauses to emphasise
a very large quantity of something:
He has so much money!
Not: He has very much money!
There were so many jobs to do.
As much as, as many as

When we want to make comparisons connected with quantity, we use as much
as and as many as:
Try and find out as much information as you can.
You can ask as many questions as you want.
See also:
 As … as
 As much as, as many as
Much, many and a lot of, lots of: typical errors

 We use much with uncountable nouns and many with countable nouns:
It doesn’t need much effort.
Not: It doesn’t need many effort.
 Weusually use a lot of and lots of rather than much and many in informal
affirmative clauses:
There are a lot of monuments and a lot of historic buildings in Rome.
Not: There are many monuments and many historic buildings in Rome.
She gave me a lot of information.
Not: She gave me much information.
 Wedon’t use of after much or many when they come immediately before a noun
without an article (a/an, the), demonstrative (this, that), possessive (my, your)
or pronoun (him, them):
They haven’t made many friends here.
Not: They haven’t made many of friends here.
 We don’t use a lot of without a noun:
A:
Do many people work in your building?
B:
Yes. Quite a lot. (quite a lot of people)
Not: Quite a lot of.

Many, Much, A Lot Of, Lots of

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Much,

many, a lot of, lots of: quantifiers

- We use MUCH with singular - We use MANY with plural

We usually use much and many with questions (?) and negatives (−):

A lot of, lots of with a noun

Much of, many of

This much, that much

Much, many, a lot of, lots of: negative questions

(Yes, they have.)

(No, there isn’t.)

(Yes, there is.)

Much, many, a lot, lots: without a noun

Much with comparative adjectives and adverbs: much

Too much, too many and so much, so many

So much, so many with a noun

As much as, as many as

Much, many and a lot of, lots of: typical errors

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