Project report on

2+2 Buffalo dairy farm

Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Department

Govt.of Telangana
 Dairy farming is an important subsector of Agriculture in integrating rural
economy. It plays significant role in giving food security through supply of milk and
also in enriching family nutrition. Dairying on scientific lines is one of the important
sources of livelihood and regular income in rural India.

For successful dairying, before staring a dairy farm, farmer is advised to

Undergo training on dairying mandatorily
Has to visit a progressive dairy farm in his locality
Should work for 7-14 days in dairy farm to get hands on experience on on day
to day farming activities
Should cultivate perennial forage in 1 acre of land (0.5 acres Non legume + 0.5
acres legume ) as per advise given by local Veterinarian 2-3 months before
purchase of animals without which dairying is not economical & sustainable

Other things to be considered are availability of nearest

Vety institution for Artificial Insemination & Vety aid ,

Local marketing facility for produced milk
availability of medicines , fodder & concentrates

Suggested breed for dairying is Graded Murrah . A Graded Murrah is a cross

between a pure Murrah and a local breed. It is efficient milk producer with an milk
yield of 8-12 litres per day. They are well adapted to agro climatic conditions of
Telangana region. They are more disease resistant. The incidence of milk fever &
mastitis is less in comparison to CBC. They can thrive well on crop residues also.
These are to be procured from AP or Tamilnadu states.

Buffalo milk contains more fat for which farmer gets better price. Telangana
state government is supporting milk producers by paying an incentive of Rs 4 per
every litre of milk produced which is an added benefit for better livelihood.

Production parameters

 Age at fist calving: 3 years

 Inter-calving period: 390 to 420 (min 390)
 Lactation period: 240 (Max 270 days)
 Daily lactation: 12 to 15 litters (in peak) avg 8 litres
 Dry period: 4-5 months.
 Gestation period: 300 days (average)
 Milking capacity: about 1920-2200 kg (per lactation)
 Fat percentage: 7-8
Important physical characteristics of Murrah:

 Body : Sound built, heavy and wedge shaped.

 Head : Comparatively small.
 Face & Neck : Comparatively long.
 Body color : Jet-black with white markings on face and leg extremities
 Tail : Long reaching up to fetlock with black or white switch
 Horns : Short, tight, backward ,upward and curving inward.
 Limbs : Comparatively short but strong built.
 Skin : Soft, smooth with scanty hairs
 Udder : Fully developed, drooping, with equally distributed over the
udder but hind teats are longer than fore teats.
 Loin : Broader and sliding forward.
 Body weight : The average body weight of 450 Kg
 Height : The average height at withers >4.3 feet
 Length : The length from point of shoulder to pin bone is 148.6 inches

A Buffaloe dairy with 2+2 Graded murrah is a sustainable unit

for one family who maintains dairy on their own by cultivating
green forages. Though a net income of Rs 8325 is estimated per
month, it can be increased by 10-20% with better maintenance
and Bio-security measures.
 TECHNO-ECONOMIC PARAMETERS

Grade Murrah Buffalo

Type of animal
2+2 (4)
No of animals
Animal Cost of animal 65000
2 nd calving( freshly calved
Physiological status at purchase
with female calf at foot) Or
advance 2nd pregnancy
Transport cost Rs 5000
240
Lactation days
150
Lactation Dry days
8 lit/day (min)
Avg.milk yield
50
Floor space (sft)/adult
20
Housing Floor space (sft)/calf
150
Cost of construction per sft

Farm & Utensils & other farming hand Rs 1000

equipment /animal
farming Rs 15000
equipment Chaff cutter
Cultivation cost of Non legume Rs 20000 (in 1st year only)
green forage /year (0.5 acres) From 2nd year it is Rs 5000
Cultivation cost of legume green Rs 10000 (in 1st year only)
Feed & forage /acre/year (0.5 acres) From 2nd year it is Rs 5000
Fodder Cost of Dry fodder /kg Rs 5

Cost of concentrate / kg Rs 20

Insurance Per animal/year 4% + 18% GST Rs 3100 (rounded off)

Vety.aid Per animal/year Rs 1200

Labour Beneficiary is the caretaker 0

Working
For 30 days@ Rs 100/day/2 animals Rs 6000 (@3000/animal/2)
capital
Sale price of milk /kg Rs 32
Incentive /kg Rs 4
Sales
Rs 2000
Sale of manure /ton
 TOTAL PROJECT OUTLAY
2,60,000
Animal cost @ 65000 /animal
20,000
Transport @ 5000 /animal
12,400
Insurance @ 3100 /animal
Non-Recurring
42,000
Housing @ 10500 /animal
4,000
Farm equipment @ 1000 /animal
15,000
Chaff cutter @1
35,000
Fodder cultivation cost
12,000
Recurring Working capital @ 6000 /animal
0
Labour

4,00,000
TOTAL

DAILY FEEDING & ITS COST CHART

During lactation During dry

Cost in
Type of feed & fodder
Rs/kg
feeding
feeding
Quantity Quantity cost
cost /day
/day
20
Concentrate feed 20 3 60 1
Green Non 12.50
0.50 30 15 25
fodder legume
(first year
prodn cost is Legume 0.50 6 3 5
considered) 2.50
Paddy
Dry fodder 5 5 25 5 25
straw
TOTAL 103 60
 LACTATION – DRY PERIOD CHART

Particulars YEARS
I II III IV V VI
1st batch
480 480 480 480 480 420
2 animals
2nd batch
Lactation 360 420 420 420 420 360
2 animals
days
Total 840 900 900 900 900 780

1st batch
240 240 240 240 240 300
2 animals
2nd batch 300
0 300 300 300 300
Dry days 2 animals

Total 240 540 540 540 540 600

Project report is based on following assumptions

1. Freshly calved Graded Murrah buffaloes will be purchased in two batches

of two animals each/batch at an interval of 6 months

2. Availability of one acre land for fodder cultivation is prerequisite for this
project

3. Dung produced will be utilized as manure for fodder cultivation

4. Cost of rearing calves not considered as it will be replaced by their sale

5. All are to be insured and in case of death of adult animal, new animal will
be purchased from insurance claim money

6. Heifers will be used as replacement stock

 Lactation - Dry - Pregnancy days of Buffaloe (240 + 150 + 300)
1st animal 2nd animal
Year Month
Lactation Dry Pregnancy Lactation Dry Pregnancy
1
2
3
4
5
1 st 6

year
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
2 nd 6
7
year 8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
3 rd 6
7
year 8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
4th 6
7
year 8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
5th 6
7
year 8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6th 6
7
year 8
9
10
11
12
 YEAR WISE INCOME - EXPENDITURE STATEMENT
(2+2) Buffaloe dairy farm

1st Year 2 nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year 6th Year

Sale of milk@32/lit/8 lit 215040 230400 230400 230400 230400 199680

Incentive@4/lit 3360 3600 3600 3600 3600 3120

Gross INCOME
Sale of Manure @2000/ton
9000 12000 12000 12000 12000 12000
(1.5 ton/animal/year)

TOTAL 227400 246000 246000 246000 246000 214800

Lactation@Rs
86520 92700 92700 92700 92700 80340
Feeding 103/day/animal
cost Dry @Rs
14400 32400 32400 32400 32400 36000
60/day/animal
Vety aid 4800 4800 4800 4800 4800 4800
EXPENDITURE
Insurance 50% subsidy 6200 6200 6200 6200 6200 6200

fodder cultivation 35000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000

TOTAL 146920 146100 146100 146100 146100 137340

SAVINGS/Year/4 animals 80480 99900 99900 99900 99900 77460

Income per month 6707 8325 8325 8325 8325 6455