Farm Power, Machinery and Mechanization

Encircle the letter corresponding to the most appropriate answer.

1. The ground wheel of a field machinery has a circumference of 1.6 m. What is the approximate
dimension of its radius?
a. 40 cm b. 25 cm c. 50 cm d. 80 cm
2. If the ground wheel in item # 1 is to turn 200 times, what is the approximate distance it can
travel in a flat ground when there is no wheel slippage?
a. 160 m b. 200 m c. 300 m d. 320 m
3. If the wheel slippage in item # 1 is 10%, what is the distance it can cover in 300 revolutions?
a. 300 m b. 400 m c. 432 m d. 460 m
4. At a wheel slippage of 10% and an angular speed of 60 rpm, what is the forward speed in kph for
the wheel in item # 1?
a. 4.0 b. 5.2 c. 5.6 d. 6.2
5. In the field determination of machinery speed, this refers to the distance before the marked
starting line to allow the speed of the machinery to stabilize before its measurement.
a. Trial distance c. pole distance
b. Run-in distance d. none of the above
6. This is an engine which completes its cycle in two revolutions of the crankshaft and it uses
octane as its fuel.
a. 4-stroke cycle gasoline engine
b. 4-stroke cycle diesel engine
c. 2-stroke cycle gasoline engine
d. 2-stroke cycle diesel engine
7. Which of the following is not a renewable source of energy?
a. Cocodiesel c. biogas
b. Heptane d. wind
8. A field has headland length of 180 meters. If a harrow made 200 trips to cover the whole area,
what is the effective width of the harrow?
a. 0.8 m b. 0.9 m c. 1.0 m d. 1.1 m
9. If the harrow in the preceding item has a rated width of 1.0 m, what is the approximate width of
the overlaps?
a. 0.1 m b. 10% c. 0.12 m d. 0.15 m
10. How many per cent of the rated width in the harrow described in items 8 and 9 was actually
used?
a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 90
11. In most standard 4-wheel tractors, the power transmission from the crankshaft to the drive
wheels is through _________?
a. Power train b. gear train c. pulleys d. gears and pulleys
12. This is the most appropriate tilling equipment for lands with silt deposits whose depth is 60 cm.
a. Garden tractor b. standard tractor c. rotatiller d. floating tiller
13. When newly emerging grain plants appear not to assume a particular pattern, the seeds were
planted by __________.
a. Broadcasting b. row planting c. grain drilling d. drum seeding
14. What equipment can be classified as constant delivery applicator?
a. Drum seeder b. sprayer c. planter d. fertilizer applicator
15. This equipment can be considered as general purpose tillage machinery.
a. Rotavator b. disc harrow c. rotary hoe d. moldboard plow
16. The valve range of the inlet valve in a 4-stroke cycle engine is usually _________.
a. More than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees of the crankshaft rotation
b. Exactly equal to 180 degrees of the crankshaft rotation
c. More than 180 degrees but less 270 degrees of the crankshaft rotation
d. Exactly equal to 270 degrees of the crankshaft rotation
17. Tractors and machinery for agriculture shall be designed and constructed in such a way that
they do not cause danger when properly used. Which of the following tractor parts are
considered dangerous?
a. PTO shaft b. flywheel c. clutches d. all of a, b and c
18. Which of the following are types of guards designed to prevent contact with the moving parts by
a person?
a. shield or cover b. casing c. enclosure d. all of a, b and c
19. This type of machine has a power source which is an integral part of the machine.
a. Self-propelled machine b. field machine c. powerful machine d. none of a, b and c
20. The symbol below indicates ___________.
a. Engine temperature b. engine oil pressure b. speed c. fuel level

21. This is a primary tillage operation which manipulates soil to a depth greater than 300 mm.
a. broadcast tillage b. plowing c. deep tillage d. land forming
22. In walking type tractors, the part that facilitates the engagement and disengagement of the
power source is _______________.
a. Friction clutches b. idler pulley c. hydraulic system d. none of a, b and c
23. This is the physical or mechanical manipulation of the soil with tools and implements resulting in
good soil tilth for better seed germination and subsequent growth of crops.
a. Plowing b. harrowing c. planning d. tillage
24. Which of the following crops need a field that is laid out into ridges and furrows?
a. Corn b. lowland rice c. tobacco d. onions
25. This implement is considered as general purpose equipment.
a. Moldboard plow b. disc harrow c. rotavator d. bulldozer
26. A plank used for levelling a 2-ha lowland rice field covered a total distance of 12.5 km. What is
the swath of the plank?
a. 1.25 m b. 1.5 m c. 1.6 m d. 2.0 m
27. This is the area that a machine has passed over twice to secure better coverage.
 a. Overlap b. land c. headland d. none of a, b and c
28. What does it mean if the average width of swath is greater than the machine width?
a. the operator has left part of the area uncovered
b. there is overlap
c. a and b
d. neither a nor b
29. What part of a machine is shown below?
a. Concave of a thresher b. planter c. rubber roll d. fertilizer applicator

30. This is a component of the sprayer that evens out the fluctuations of the fluid pressure and
induces more uniform flow of the sprayed liquid.
a. Tank b. pressure chamber c. nozzle d. cut-off valve
31. Which of the following is the purpose of tillage operations?
a. develop soil tilth
b. kill weeds
c. incorporate crop residues with the soil
d. all of the above
32. It is a place where seeds germinate and young plants nourished.
a. Seed bed b. field c. greenhouse d. land
33. This is a compacted soil layer below the soil surface which was created by continuous tillage at
the same depth.
a. Hard pan b. plow sole c. head land d. puddled layer
34. This part of the tractor gives the operator the ability to turn right or left while moving in either a
forward or reverse direction.
a. Clutch b. brake c. steering wheel d. hydraulic system
35. It is a part of the tractor exhaust system that helps control engine noise.
a. Fly wheel b. muffler c. exhaust manifold d. air cleaner
36. What part of the engine needs lubrication?
a. Camshaft bearings c. crankshaft mean bearing
b. Valve tappet shaft d. all of a, b and c
37. What engine part is not a part of the tractor electrical system?
a. Battery b. alternator c. voltage regulator d. radiator
38. Which of the following does not belong to the group?
a. Radiator b. fan c. water pump d. starter
39. The overall weight of the lever operated knapsack sprayer with its component parts, when fully
loaded with water shall not exceed _________________.
a. 22 kg b. 25 kg c. 28 kg d. 30 kg
40. What is the recommended flow rate, in liters per minute, in the nozzles of LOKS when the mean
operating pressure is 300 kPa?
a. 0.3 to 1.4 b. 1.0 to 1.5 c. 0.5 to 1.5 d. 1.0 to 2.0
41. This is external shaft usually at the rear of the tractor providing rotational power to implements
and machines.
a. Universal joint b. PTO shaft c. axle d. crankshaft
42. It is the combination of one upper link and two lower links, each articulated to the tractor and
the implement at opposite ends in order to connect the implement to the tractor.
a. Power transmission b. 3-point linkage c. gear train d. PTO
43. What is the acceptable level of wheel slippage, in per cent, for four-wheel drive tractors when
working in soft soils?
a. 7-11 b. 6-10 c. 10-15 d. 8-13
44. This refers to any material added to the tractor for the purpose of enhancing traction or
stability.
a. Tare b. counterweight c. ballast d. paddy wheels
45. This is a part of some disc harrows whose purpose is to prevent clogging of the discs.
a. Rolling coulter b. scraper c. standard d. axle
46. It is a kind of harrow consisting of four gangs of discs, in which a set of two gangs follows behind
the front gangs and are arranged in such a way that the discs on the front gangs throw the soil in
one direction (usually outward) and the discs on the rear gangs throw the soil in the opposite
direction.
a. Offset disc harrow c. single-acting disc harrow
b. Tandem disc harrow d. vertical disc harrow
47. In disc harrows, this is the shaft on which a set of concave discs are fitted.
a. Gang axle b. PTO shaft c. wheel axle d. rear wheel axle
48. The part of the moldboard plow which facilitates the cutting of the farrow slice is known as
___________.
a. Moldboard b. share c. standard d. landside
49. A rotary tiller was tested to determine its operating speed in a paddy field. The run distance
was 100 meters which was covered in 2 minutes. What is the speed in kilometres per hour?
a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6
50. If the swath of the rotary tiller in the previous item was 0.75, what is the theoretical field
capacity in hectares per hour?
a. 0.75 b. 0.4 c. 0.225 d. 0.2
51. What is the effective field capacity (in ha/hr) of the rotary tiller described in the previous items if
the field efficiency was 60%?
a. 0.135 b. 0.16 c. 0.2 d. 0.225
52. How long will it take to rotavate a hectare of paddy field using the rotary tiller described in the
previous items?
a. 5 hr b. 6.16 hr c. 7.12 hr d. 7.41 hr
53. This refers to the resistance offered by a unit area of soil being tilled?
a. Resistivity b. specific draft c. tillage requirement d. draft
54. It is an angle, in the soil surface plane, between a tool axis and a line, which is perpendicular to
the direction of travel.
a. Disc angle b. angle of tilt c. acute angle d. obtuse angle
55. The amount of seeds that can be planted per unit area by a planting machine.
a. Seed delivery rate b. germination rate c. survival rate d. seeding speed
56. The part of a seeding machine that contains the seeds to be planted.
a. Seed tube b. hopper c. covering wheel d. seed plate
57. The part of the moldboard plow that presses and slides against the furrow wall, providing lateral
stability during operation.
a. Share b. landside c. moldboard d. beam
58. This type of plow has the front end directly connected to the tractor’s three-point linkage and
its rear end is supported by furrow and land wheels. The plow is also equipped with hydraulic
lines and cylinders for its lifting and/or depth control.
a. Mounted plow b. semi-mounted plow c. trailing plow d. disc plow
59. The unplowed portion of the field at both ends of the furrow strip initially used for turning the
draft animal/tractor and implement.
a. Headland b. land c. landside d. field
60. What soil type requires the highest draft?
a. Sandy loam b. silty clay loam c. clay loam d. thick clay
61. A variety of corn requires a plant population of 45,000 per hectare. How many seeds per hectare
will be needed if the survival rate is 90%?
a. 47,500 b. 50,000 c. 56,000 d. 60.000
62. If the corn seeds described in the previous item are to be planted in hills at the rate of 1 seed
per hill and the distance between rows is 1 m, what is the appropriate hill spacing?
a. 16 cm b. 20 cm c. 22 cm d. 25 cm
63. If the intake valve of an engine starts at 13 degrees before TDC and closes 42 degrees after BDC
while the exhaust valve opens at 50 degrees before BDC and closes at 12 degrees after TDC, how
many degrees of crankshaft rotation are both valves open at the same time?
a. 25 b. 93 c. 118 d.143
64. An engine running at 2.400 rpm has a bore diameter of 100 mm and a piston speed of 480
m/min. Determine the length of stroke for the piston.
a. 100 mm b. 120 mm c. 150 mm d. 180 mm
65. What is the piston displacement of the engine in the previous item?
a. 6785 cc b. 565 cc c. 452 cc d. 3142 cc
66. If the compression ratio in the previous items is 17:1, estimate the clearance volume.
a. 196 cc b. 185 cc c. 175 cc d. 162 cc
67. What event in a 4-stroke cycle engine is illustrated below?
a. Intake b. compression d. power d. exhaust

68. How do you adjust the application rate of a ground-wheel driven machinery?
a. Change the forward speed of the machine
b. Change the forward gear used
c. Change the gear ratio between the ground wheel and the seed plate
d. Change the machine
69. Determine the location of the center of gravity of a tractor with respect to its rear axle if the
wheelbase is 2,100 mm and the total weight of the tractor is 3,900 kg. The weight of the tractor
concentrated on the front wheels is 1,300 kg.
a. 700 mm b. 875 mm c. 900 mm d. 1,050 mm
70. In a grain combine, what part facilitates the removal of light materials such as chaffs to clean the
grains?
a. Threshing cylinder b. fan c. sieves and racks d. conveyor
71. A thresher pulley rotating at 800 rpm receives an applied torque of 320 N-m. What is the
applied power?
a. 26.8 kW b. 84.2 kW c. 8.53 kW d. 13.4 kW
72. What is the tangential force, in Newtons, in the preceding problem if the pulley diameter is 30
cm?
a. 320 b. 1,067 c. 2,133 d. 960
73. How many liters of weedicide spray solution will be needed to spray a hectare of land when the
field capacity is 5 ha/hr and the nozzle discharge is 0.5 L/s?
a. 50 b. 120 c. 180 d. 240
74. A 2-m harrow works on a soil that requires 5 kN/m of width. What is the drawbar power
required to operate at 4.5 kph?
a. 45 kW b. 10 kW c. 12.5 kW d. 36 kW
75. This is a rolling implement that cuts, lifts, inverts and throws to one side a layer of soil (furrow
slice) to bury surface materials such as grasses.
 a. Disc plow b. chisel plow c. moldboard plow d. plow harrow
76. This is a tillage and land-forming operations using the furrower which lifts, inverts and throws
laterally the layer of soil (furrow slice) in opposite directions.
a. Plowing b. furrowing c. harrowing d. planning
77. It is cab or frame installed on agricultural tractors to protect or minimize injury of the operator
from accidental overturning during operation.
a. Cabin b. ROPS c. LOKS d. chassis
78. The drawbar force required in plowing using a carabao-drawn mouldboard plow is 1,000
newtons. What is the pull developed in the draw rope between the hitchpoint and the yoke if
the pull angle is 36 degrees?
a. 126 kg b. 174 kg c. 102 kg d. 203 kg
79. Find the drawbar power, in kW, utilized by a tractor pulling a 1,500 kg loaded wagon up a 20%
slope when the coefficient of rolling resistance is 0.10 for all wheels and the speed of travel is 4
kph.
a. 16.35 b. 8.0 c. 1.67 d. 4.8
80. What is the drawbar power in the previous item if the tractor and wagon are travelling over a
flat land?
a. 1.63 kW b. 1.47 kW c. 4.8 kW d. 3.26 kW