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    Topic 2 Biological Molecule Notes

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    Shean Lim
    Cellulose is a polysaccharide polymer consisting of long chains of β-glucose joined by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. Due to the inversion of the β-glucose molecules, many hydrogen bonds form between the parallel chains, giving cellulose its strength. This strength allows cellulose to strengthen cell walls and provide support to plants.

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    Topic 2 Biological Molecule Notes

    Uploaded by

    Shean Lim
    9 views2 pages
    Cellulose is a polysaccharide polymer consisting of long chains of β-glucose joined by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. Due to the inversion of the β-glucose molecules, many hydrogen bonds form between the parallel chains, giving cellulose its strength. This strength allows cellulose to strengthen cell walls and provide support to plants.

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    Cellulose is a polysaccharide polymer consisting of long chains of β-glucose joined by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. Due to the inversion of the β-glucose molecules, many hydrogen bonds form between the parallel chains, giving cellulose its strength. This strength allows cellulose to strengthen cell walls and provide support to plants.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views2 pages

    Topic 2 Biological Molecule Notes

    Uploaded by

    Shean Lim
    Cellulose is a polysaccharide polymer consisting of long chains of β-glucose joined by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. Due to the inversion of the β-glucose molecules, many hydrogen bonds form between the parallel chains, giving cellulose its strength. This strength allows cellulose to strengthen cell walls and provide support to plants.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Cellulose

    ● Cellulose is a polysaccharide
    ● Is a polymer consisting of long chains of β-glucose joined together by 1,4 glycosidic
    bonds
    ● As β-glucose is an isomer of α-glucose to form the 1,4 glycosidic bonds consecutive
    β-glucose molecules must be rotated 180° to each other.
    ● The polymeric chains of glucose are arranged in a linear pattern.
    ● Chains are arranged parallel to each other.

    Due to the inversion of the β-glucose molecules,


    many hydrogen bonds form between the long
    chains giving cellulose its strength.

    -Cellulose is the main structural component


    of cell walls due to its strength which is a
    result of the many hydrogen bonds found
    between the parallel chains of microfibrils.

    -The high tensile strength of cellulose


    allows it to be stretched without breaking
    which makes it possible for cell walls to
    withstand turgor pressure.

    -The cellulose fibres and other molecules (eg.


    lignin) found in the cell wall form a matrix which
    increases the strength of the cell walls.

    -The strengthened cell walls provides support


    to the plant.
    -Cellulose fibres are freely permeable which
    allows water and solutes to leave or reach the
    cell surface membrane.

    -As few organisms have the enzyme (cellulase)


    to hydrolyse cellulose it is a source of fibre.
    Starch : 30% amylose and 70%amylopectin

    Amylose Amylopectin

    Straight chain structure (unbranced) Branched structure

    It contains α-1,4-glycosidic bonds It contains α-1,4-glycosidic bonds


    between two glucose units between two glucose units in the
    straight chain and α-1,6-glycosidic
    bonds at the branching

    Molecules coil into a helical Branched structure


    structure

    Soluble in water Completely insoluble in water

    Does not form gel when added hot Forms a gel when added hot water
    water

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