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Cradle of Early Science

The document discusses the various historical periods and regions that are considered the "Cradles of Early Science", including Ancient Greece, Hellenistic Alexandria, the Islamic Golden Age, Renaissance Italy, Ancient China, and Ancient India. During these eras, early scientists, philosophers and thinkers made important contributions to fields like mathematics, astronomy, biology, physics, geography, and medicine, laying the foundations of modern scientific thought and inquiry. These cradles were typically centers of intellectual activity where scholars conducted pioneering work that helped establish the scientific method and systematic exploration of the natural world.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
44 views6 pages

Cradle of Early Science

The document discusses the various historical periods and regions that are considered the "Cradles of Early Science", including Ancient Greece, Hellenistic Alexandria, the Islamic Golden Age, Renaissance Italy, Ancient China, and Ancient India. During these eras, early scientists, philosophers and thinkers made important contributions to fields like mathematics, astronomy, biology, physics, geography, and medicine, laying the foundations of modern scientific thought and inquiry. These cradles were typically centers of intellectual activity where scholars conducted pioneering work that helped establish the scientific method and systematic exploration of the natural world.

Uploaded by

Dave San
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cradle of early science

The "Cradle of Early Science" refers to the historical periods and regions where the foundations
of modern science were laid. These cradles were typically centers of intellectual and scholarly
activity, where early scientists, philosophers, and thinkers made significant contributions to our
understanding of the natural world. Several regions and time periods are often associated with
the cradle of early science:

1. Ancient Greece (6th century BCE - 4th century CE): Ancient Greece is often considered
the birthplace of Western science. Philosophers like Thales, Pythagoras, and Aristotle
made pioneering contributions to various fields, including mathematics, astronomy,
biology, and physics.
2. Hellenistic Alexandria (3rd century BCE - 3rd century CE): The city of Alexandria in
Egypt became a major center for scientific research and scholarship during the Hellenistic
period. The Library of Alexandria was a famous repository of knowledge, and scholars
like Euclid (geometry), Eratosthenes (geography), and Ptolemy (astronomy) conducted
important work there.
3. Islamic Golden Age (8th century - 13th century): The Islamic Golden Age, centered in
regions like the Abbasid Caliphate (Baghdad) and Al-Andalus (Spain), saw significant
advancements in various fields, including mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and optics.
Scholars like Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Razi, and Ibn Sina made notable contributions.
4. Renaissance Italy (14th century - 17th century): The Italian Renaissance was a period of
renewed interest in classical learning and the arts. It played a pivotal role in the revival of
scientific inquiry, with figures like Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, and Johannes
Kepler making groundbreaking discoveries.
5. Ancient China (various dynasties): Ancient China also had its own cradle of early
science, with achievements in areas like mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. The
work of scholars like Zhang Heng and Shen Kuo contributed to advancements in these
fields.
6. Ancient India (various periods): Ancient India had a rich tradition of scientific thought,
with contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. Notable figures include
Aryabhata and Sushruta.

These cradles of early science were essential in shaping the foundations of modern scientific
thought and inquiry. They laid the groundwork for the development of the scientific method and
the systematic exploration of the natural world, which continue to be fundamental to scientific
progress today.

 He explained that there are many


conscious and unconscious factors
that can influence behaviour and
emotons
 He argued that personality is a
product of three conflictng
elements
*The Psyche go*
1) Id: Instncts
2) Ego: Reality
3) Superego: Morality
 Psychoanalysis is a method of
explaining and treatng mental and
emotonal problems by having the
patent
talk about dreams, feelings,
memories, etc.
 Freud’s method of
psychoanalysis focused on human
sexuality and the evil nature of
man
 Freud believed that children
are born with a libido – a sexual
(pleasure) urge. There are number
of stages of
childhood, during which the child
seeks pleasure from a different**
o Psychosexual Stages
I. Oral – mouth-sucking,
swallowing, etc. (Ego develops)
II. Anal – The anus – withholding
or expelling faeces
III. Phallic – The penis or clitoris
masturbaton (Superego develops)
IV. Latent – Little or no sexual
motvaton present
 He explained that there are many
conscious and unconscious factors
that can influence behaviour and
emotons
 He argued that personality is a
product of three conflictng
elements
*The Psyche go*
1) Id: Instncts
2) Ego: Reality
3) Superego: Morality
 Psychoanalysis is a method of
explaining and treatng mental and
emotonal problems by having the
patent
talk about dreams, feelings,
memories, etc.
 Freud’s method of
psychoanalysis focused on human
sexuality and the evil nature of
man
 Freud believed that children
are born with a libido – a sexual
(pleasure) urge. There are number
of stages of
childhood, during which the child
seeks pleasure from a different**
o Psychosexual Stages
I. Oral – mouth-sucking,
swallowing, etc. (Ego develops)
II. Anal – The anus – withholding
or expelling faeces
III. Phallic – The penis or clitoris
masturbaton (Superego develops)
IV. Latent – Little or no sexual
motvaton present

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