Lab Intro

MATLAB
MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory)
MATLAB is a high-level language that has specialized toolboxes

Advantages
– Fast implementation and debugging
– Natural matrix operation
– Powerful image processing toolbox
_ Simulink modelling
_Computer Engineering –larger computations-collaborative Projects
_paid software
MATLAB (Main Window)
MATLAB
• MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates computation,
visualization, and programming environments.
• Furthermore, MATLAB is a modern programming language environment: it has sophisticated data
structures, contains built-in editing and debugging tools, and supports object-oriented
programming. These factors make MATLAB an excellent tool for teaching and research.
Starting MATLAB
After logging into your account, you can enter MATLAB by double-clicking on the MATLAB shortcut
icon (MATLAB 7.0.4) on your Windows desktop. When you start MATLAB, a special window called the
MATLAB desktop appears. The desktop is a window that contains other windows. The major tools
within or accessible from the desktop are:
• The Command Window, The Command History
• The Workspace
• The Current Directory
• The Help Browser
• The Start button
MATLAB
Arithmetic Operations
>>1+2*3
>>x=1+2*3
>>4*x
Creating expressions
The syntax of variable assignment is
variable name = a value (or an expression)
For example,
>> x = expression
where expression is a combination of numerical values, mathematical operators, variables,

and function calls.
>> t = 5;
>> t = t+1
t=6
(Overwriting a variable)
Controlling the hierarchy of operations
>> (1+2)*3
>> 1+2*3
Exponentiations are done first, followed by multiplications and divisions, and finally by additions and
subtractions.
MATLAB
𝟏 𝟒 𝟔
Consider the example, + ∗
𝟐+𝟑𝟐 𝟓 𝟕
Write matlab command to execute the expression.
MATLAB
• >> 1/(2+3^2)+4/5*6/7
• ans = 0.7766
• if parentheses are missing,

• >> 1/2+3^2+4/5*6/7
• ans =
• 10.1857
Managing the workspace
>>clear
It is possible to keep track of everything done during a MATLAB session with the diary
command.
>> diary
MATLAB
• Entering multiple statements per line
• Use commas (,) or semicolons (;) to enter more than one statement at once. Commas (,) allow
multiple statements per line without suppressing output.
• >> a=7; b=cos(a), c=cosh(a)
b=
0.6570
c=
548.3170
Getting help
To view the online documentation, select MATLAB Help from Help menu or MATLAB Help
directly in the Command Window. The preferred method is to use the Help Browser. The
Help Browser can be started by selecting the ? icon from the desktop toolbar. On the other
hand, information about any command is available by typing
>> help Command
Quitting MATLAB
To end your MATLAB session, type quit in the Command Window, or select File −→ Exit
MATLAB in the desktop main menu.

Examples
Example 1: Compute y = 𝑒 −𝑎 sin(x) + 10√y, for a = 5, x = 2, and y = 8.

Examples
Example 1: Compute y = 𝑒 −𝑎 sin(x) + 10√y, for a = 5, x = 2, and y = 8.
>> a = 5; x = 2; y = 8;
>> y = exp(-a)*sin(x)+10*sqrt(y)
y=
28.2904
Examples
>> log(142)
ans =
4.9558
>> log10(142)
ans =
2.1523
Note the difference between the natural logarithm log(x) and the decimal logarithm (base
10) log10(x).
Examples
To calculate sin(π/4) and 𝑒 10 , we enter the following commands in MATLAB,
>> sin(pi/4)
ans =
0.7071
>> exp(10)
ans =
2.2026e+004
Creating simple plots
The MATLAB command to plot a graph is plot(x,y). The vectors x = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) and y = (3, −1, 2, 4,
5, 1)
>> x = [1 2 3 4 5 6];
>> y = [3 -1 2 4 5 1];
>> plot(x,y)
Experiment 1
1.Create a one dimensional array
>>t= linspace(1,10,10)
Linspace →Generate linearly spaced vector
y = linspace(x1,x2,n) generates n points. The spacing between the points is (x2-x1)/(n-1).
t=
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Experiment 1
2.Create a two dimensional array
>>theta= [0; pi/4;pi/2;3*pi/4;pi;5*pi/4]
theta =
0
0.7854
1.5708
2.3562
3.1416
3.9270
>>x=1:1:10
x=
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Experiment 1
>>a= zeros (2,2);
>>a
a=
0 0
0 0
>>a= ones (2,2);
>>a
a=
1 1
1 1
Experiment 1
>>a= eye (2,2);
>>a
a=
1 0
0 1
Experiment 1
3.Performing arithmetic operations
>>x=5.3;
>>y=7.8;
>> ((x*z)/(x/z)^2)+14*x^2-0.8*z^2
ans =
434.1261
>> (x^2)*z-(z^2)*x+(x/z)^2-(z/x)^(1/2)
ans =
-104.1014
Experiment 1
>> (2^5)/(2^5-1)
ans =
1.0323
>> (1-(1/2^5))^-1
ans =
1.0323
Experiment 1
>> pi*(pi^(1/3)-1)^2
ans =
0.6781
>> exp(3)
ans =
20.0855
>> log(exp(3))
ans =
3
Experiment 1
>> log10(exp(3))
ans =
1.3029
>> log10(10^5)
ans =

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MATLAB

MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory)

MATLAB is a high-level language that has specialized toolboxes

The syntax of variable assignment is

variable name = a value (or an expression)

where expression is a combination of numerical values, mathematical operators, variables,

• if parentheses are missing,

Managing the workspace

>> help Command

MATLAB in the desktop main menu.

Example 1: Compute y = 𝑒 −𝑎 sin(x) + 10√y, for a = 5, x = 2, and y = 8.

Example 1: Compute y = 𝑒 −𝑎 sin(x) + 10√y, for a = 5, x = 2, and y = 8.

To calculate sin(π/4) and 𝑒 10 , we enter the following commands in MATLAB,

1.Create a one dimensional array

Linspace →Generate linearly spaced vector

y = linspace(x1,x2,n) generates n points. The spacing between the points is (x2-x1)/(n-1).

2.Create a two dimensional array

>>theta= [0; pi/4;pi/2;3*pi/4;pi;5*pi/4]

2.Create a two dimensional array

>>a= zeros (2,2);

>>a= ones (2,2);

2.Create a two dimensional array

>>a= eye (2,2);

3.Performing arithmetic operations

3.Performing arithmetic operations

3.Performing arithmetic operations

3.Performing arithmetic operations

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>>theta= [0; pi/4;pi/2;3pi/4;pi;5pi/4]