MATHEMATICS N6

FORMULA SHEET

Any other applicable formula may also be used.

Trigonometry

sin2 x + cos2 x = 1

1 + tan2 x = sec2 x

1 + cot2 x = cosec2 x

sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A

cos 2A = cos2A - sin2A

2 tan A
tan 2A =
1  tan2 A

sin2 A = ½ - ½ cos 2A

cos2 A = ½ + ½ cos 2A

sin (A ± B) = sin A cos B ± sin B cos A

cos (A ± B) = cos A cos B  sin A sin B

tan A  tan B
tan (A ± B) =
1  tan A tan B

sin A cos B = ½ [sin (A + B) + sin (A - B)]

cos A sin B = ½ [sin (A + B) - sin (A - B)]

cos A cos B = ½ [cos (A + B) + cos (A - B)]

sin A sin B = ½ [cos (A - B) - cos (A + B)]

sin x 1 1
tan x  ; sin x  ; cos x 
cos x cosec x sec x
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d
f(x) f (x )  f(x)dx
dx
_________________________________________________________________
x n 1
xn nxn - 1 C ( n  - 1)
n 1

d n
axn a x a  xn dx
dx

d e ax  b
e ax  b e ax  b . (ax + b) C
dx d
ax  b 
dx

d a dx  e
a dx+e a dx  e . ln a. (dx + e) C
ln a. dx  e 
dx d
dx
1 d
ln(ax) . ax xln ax - x + C
ax dx

d
e f (x) e f ( x) f ( x) -
dx

d
a f (x) a f ( x ) . ln a. f ( x) -
dx

1 d
ln f(x) . f ( x) -
f ( x) dx

cos ax
sin ax a cos ax - C
a

sin ax
cos ax -a sin ax C
a

1
tan ax a sec2 ax ln [sec (ax)]  C
a

1
cot ax -a cosec2 ax ln [sin (ax)]  C
a

1
sec ax a sec ax tan ax ln [sec ax  tan ax]  C
a

1   ax 
ln tan    C
a   2 
cosec ax -a cosec ax cot ax
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d
f (x) f (x)  f (x) dx
dx
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sin f (x) cos f (x) . f '(x) -

cos f (x) -sin f (x) . f '(x) -

tan f (x) sec2 f (x) . f '(x) -

cot f (x) -cosec2f (x) . f '(x) -

sec f (x) sec f (x) tan f (x) . f '(x) -

cosec f (x) -cosec f (x) cot f (x) . f '(x) -

f' ( x)
sin-1 f (x) -
1  [ f ( x )] 2

- f' ( x)
cos-1 f (x) -
2
1  [ f ( x )]

f ' ( x)
tan-1 f (x) -
[ f ( x)]2  1

- f' ( x)
cot-1 f (x) -
[ f ( x )] 2  1

f ' ( x)
sec-1 f (x) -
f ( x)  f ( x)2  1

- f' ( x)
cosec-1 f (x) -
f ( x ) [ f ( x )] 2  1

x sin( 2 ax )
sin2(ax) -  C
2 4a

x sin(2ax)
cos2(ax) -  C
2 4a
1
tan2(ax) - tan ( ax )  x  C
a
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d
f (x) f (x)  f (x) dx
dx
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1
cot2 (ax) - - cot ( ax )  x  C
a

 f(x) g' (x) dx = f(x) g(x) -  f ' (x) g(x) dx

  f ( x)n f ' ( x) dx 
 f ( x)n 1  C (n  - 1)
n 1

f ' ( x)
∫ f ( x)
dx  ln f ( x)  C

dx 1 bx
∫  sin-1 C
a 2  b2 x 2 b a

dx 1 -1 bx
∫ a2  b2 x2  ab tan a
C

a2 bx x
∫ a 2  b 2 x 2 dx  sin-1  a 2  b2 x2  C
2b a 2

dx 1  a  bx 
∫ a 2  b2 x 2  2ab ln  a  bx   C

∫ x  b dx 
2 x 2
2
x b 
2 2 b2
2
ln x   
x2  b2  C

∫
dx
b2 x 2  a 2

1
b

ln bx  b 2 x 2  a 2  C 

d2y d  dy  d
  
dx 2
d  dx  dx