RayBio® Human IL-10 ELISA Kit

Catalog #: ELH-IL10

User Manual
Last revised June 14, 2021

Caution:
Extraordinarily useful information enclosed

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 RayBiotech, Inc.
________________________________________

RayBio® Human IL-10 ELISA Kit Protocol

Table of Contents

Section Page #

I. Introduction 3

II. Storage 4

III. Reagents 4

IV. Additional Materials Required 4

V. Reagent Preparation 5

VI. Assay Procedure 6

VII. Assay Procedure Summary 7

VIII. Calculation of Results 8

A. Typical Data 8
B. Sensitivity 8
C. Spiking & Recovery 9
D. Linearity 9
E. Reproducibility 10

IX. Specificity 10

X. Troubleshooting Guide 11

Please read the entire manual carefully before starting your experiment

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I. INTRODUCTION

Human IL-10 is produced by activated CD8 (+) peripheral blood T-cells, by T-helper CD4 (+)
T-cell clones after both antigen-specific and polyclonal activation, by B-cell lymphomas, and
by monocytes following cell activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides and mast cells. IL-10
is a homodimeric protein with subunits having a length of 160 amino acids. Human IL-10
shows 73 percent amino acid homology with murine IL-10. IL-10 inhibits the synthesis of a
number of cytokines such as IL-2 and TNF-beta in Th1 T-helper subpopulations of T-cells but
not of Th2 T-helper cells. IL-10 also inhibits mitogen- or anti-CD3 induced proliferation of T-
cells in the presence of accessory cells and reduces the production of IFN-gamma and IL-2.

The RayBio® Human IL-10 ELISA kit is an in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for
the quantitative measurement of human IL-10 in serum, plasma, and cell culture
supernatants. This assay employs an antibody specific for human IL-10 coated on a 96-well
plate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and IL-10 present in a sample is
bound to the wells by the immobilized antibody. The wells are washed and biotinylated anti-
human IL-10 antibody is added. After washing away unbound biotinylated antibody, HRP-
conjugated streptavidin is pipetted to the wells. The wells are again washed, a TMB substrate
solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of IL-10 bound.
The Stop Solution changes the color from blue to yellow, and the intensity of the color is
measured at 450 nm.

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II. STORAGE

The entire kit may be stored at -20°C for up to 1 year from the date of shipment. Avoid
repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The kit may be stored at 4°C for up to 6 months. For extended
storage, it is recommended to store at -80°C. For prepared reagent storage, see table below.

III. REAGENTS

Storage / Stability
Component Size / Description
After Preparation

96 wells (12 strips x 8 wells) coated with anti-

IL-10 Microplate (Item A) 1 month at 4°C*
Human IL-10.

Wash Buffer Concentrate

25 ml of 20X concentrated solution. 1 month at 4°C
(20X) (Item B)

2 vials of Human IL-10. 1 vial is enough to run

Standard Protein (Item C) 1 week at -80°C
each standard in duplicate.

Detection Antibody IL-10 2 vials of biotinylated anti-Human IL-10. Each vial

5 days at 4°C
(Item F) is enough to assay half the microplate.

HRP-Streptavidin 200 µl 200X concentrated HRP-conjugated Do not store and

Concentrate (Item G) streptavidin. reuse.

TMB One-Step Substrate 12 ml of 3,3,5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in

N/A
Reagent (Item H) buffer solution.

Stop Solution (Item I) 8 ml of 0.2 M sulfuric acid. N/A

30 ml of diluent buffer, 0.09% sodium azide as

Assay Diluent A (Item D) N/A
preservative.

Assay Diluent B (Item E) 15 ml of 5X concentrated buffer. 1 month at 4°C

*Return unused wells to the pouch containing desiccant pack, reseal along entire edge.

IV. ADDITIONAL MATERIALS REQUIRED

1. Microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm.
2. Precision pipettes to deliver 2 µl to 1 ml volumes.
3. Adjustable 1-25 ml pipettes for reagent preparation.
4. 100 ml and 1 liter graduated cylinders.
5. Absorbent paper.
6. Distilled or deionized water.
7. Log-log graph paper or computer and software for ELISA data analysis.
8. Tubes to prepare standard or sample dilutions.

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V. REAGENT PREPARATION

1. Bring all reagents and samples to room temperature (18 - 25ºC) before use.

2. Assay Diluent B (Item E) should be diluted 5-fold with deionized or distilled water before
use.

3. Sample dilution: Assay Diluent A (Item D) should be used for dilution of serum and
plasma samples. 1X Assay Diluent B (Item E) should be used for dilution of cell culture
supernatant samples. The suggested dilution for normal serum/plasma is 2 fold.

Note: Levels of IL-10 may vary between different samples. Optimal dilution factors for
each sample must be determined by the investigator.

4. Preparation of standard: Briefly spin a vial of Item C. Add 400 µl Assay Diluent A (for
serum/plasma samples) or 1X Assay Diluent B (for cell culture medium) into Item C vial
to prepare a 22 ng/ml standard. Dissolve the powder thoroughly by a gentle mix. Add 5
µl IL-10 standard from the vial of Item C, into a tube with 728.3 µl Assay Diluent A or 1X
Assay Diluent B to prepare a 150 pg/ml stock standard solution. Pipette 300 µl Assay
Diluent A or 1X Assay Diluent B into each tube. Use the stock standard solution to
produce a dilution series (shown below). Mix each tube thoroughly before the next
transfer. Assay Diluent A or 1X Assay Diluent B serves as the zero standard (0 pg/ml).

5 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl

Zero
Std1 Std2 Std3 Std4 Std5 Std6 Std7
Standard
Diluent Item C +
728.3 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl 300 µl
volume 400 µl
150 75 37.5 18.75 9.38 4.69 2.34
Conc. 22 ng/ml 0 pg/ml
pg/ml pg/ml pg/ml pg/ml pg/ml pg/ml pg/ml

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 5. If the Wash Concentrate (20X) (Item B) contains visible crystals, warm to room
temperature and mix gently until dissolved. Dilute 20 ml of Wash Buffer Concentrate into
deionized or distilled water to yield 400 ml of 1X Wash Buffer.

6. Briefly spin the Detection Antibody vial (Item F) before use. Add 100 µl of 1X Assay
Diluent B (Item E) into the vial to prepare a detection antibody concentrate. Pipette up
and down to mix gently (the concentrate can be stored at 4ºC for 5 days). The detection
antibody concentrate should be diluted 80-fold with 1X Assay Diluent B (Item E) and
used in step 5 of Part VI Assay Procedure.

7. Briefly spin the HRP-Streptavidin concentrate vial (Item G) and pipette up and down to
mix gently before use, as precipitates may form during storage. HRP-Streptavidin
concentrate should be diluted 200-fold with 1X Assay Diluent B (Item E).

For example: Briefly spin the vial (Item G) and pipette up and down to mix gently. Add
50 µl of HRP-Streptavidin concentrate into a tube with 10 ml 1X Assay Diluent B to
prepare a final 200 fold diluted HRP-Streptavidin solution (don't store the diluted solution
for next day use). Mix well.

VI. ASSAY PROCEDURE

1. Bring all reagents and samples to room temperature (18 - 25ºC) before use. It is
recommended that all standards and samples be run at least in duplicate.

2. Label removable 8-well strips as appropriate for your experiment.

3. Add 100 µl of each standard (see Reagent Preparation step 3) and sample into
appropriate wells. Cover wells and incubate for 2.5 hours at room temperature with
gentle shaking.

4. Discard the solution and wash 4 times with 1X Wash Solution. Wash by filling each well
with Wash Buffer (300 µl) using a multi-channel Pipette or autowasher. Complete
removal of liquid at each step is essential to good performance. After the last wash,
remove any remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and blot
it against clean paper towels.

5. Add 100 µl of 1X prepared biotinylated antibody (Reagent Preparation step 6) to each

well. Incubate for 1 hour at room temperature with gentle shaking.

6. Discard the solution. Repeat the wash as in step 4.

7. Add 100 µl of prepared Streptavidin solution (see Reagent Preparation step 7) to each
well. Incubate for 45 minutes at room temperature with gentle shaking.

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 8. Discard the solution. Repeat the wash as in step 4.

9. Add 100 µl of TMB One-Step Substrate Reagent (Item H) to each well. Incubate for 30
minutes at room temperature in the dark with gentle shaking.

10. Add 50 µl of Stop Solution (Item I) to each well. Read at 450 nm immediately.

VII. ASSAY PROCEDURE SUMMARY

1. Prepare all reagents, samples and standards as instructed.

2. Add 100 µl standard or sample to each well. Incubate 2.5 hours at room temperature.

3. Add 100 µl prepared biotin antibody to each well. Incubate 1 hour at room temperature.

4. Add 100 µl prepared Streptavidin solution. Incubate 45 minutes at room temperature.

5. Add 100 µl TMB One-Step Substrate Reagent to each well. Incubate 30 minutes at
room temperature.

6. Add 50 µl Stop Solution to each well. Read at 450 nm immediately.

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VIII. CALCULATION OF RESULTS

Calculate the mean absorbance for each set of duplicate standards, controls and samples,
and subtract the average zero standard optical density. Plot the standard curve on log-log
graph paper or using Sigma plot software, with standard concentration on the x-axis and
absorbance on the y-axis. Draw the best-fit straight line through the standard points.

A. TYPICAL DATA

These standard curves are for demonstration only. A standard curve must be run with each
assay.

B. SENSITIVITY

The minimum detectable dose of Human IL-10 was determined to be 1 pg/ml.

Minimum detectable dose is defined as the analyte concentration resulting in an absorbance

that is 2 standard deviations higher than that of the blank (diluent buffer).

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C. SPIKING & RECOVERY

Recovery was determined by spiking various levels of Human IL-10 into the sample types
listed below. Mean recoveries are as follows:

D. LINEARITY

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E. REPRODUCIBILITY

Intra-Assay CV%: <10%

Inter-Assay CV%: <12%

IX. SPECIFICITY

This ELISA kit shows no cross-reactivity with any of the cytokines tested: human BDNF, BLC,
ENA-78, FGF-4, IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-11, IL-12 p70, IL-12
p40, IL-15, I-309, IP-10, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, Leptin (OB), MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3,
MDC, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, MIP-1 delta, PARC, PDGF, RANTES, SCF, TARC, TGF-
beta, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, TPO, VEGF.

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X. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE

Problem Cause Solution

Inaccurate pipetting Check pipettes

Poor standard
Improper standard Briefly centrifuge Item C and dissolve
curve
dilution the powder thoroughly by gently mixing

Briefly spin down vials before opening.

Improper preparation of
Dissolve the powder thoroughly.
standard and/or
Ensure sufficient incubation time. Assay
biotinylated antibody
procedure step 3 may be done
Too brief incubation
Low signal overnight at 4°C with gentle shaking
times
(note: may increase overall signals
Inadequate reagent
including background).
volumes or improper
Check pipettes and ensure correct
dilution
preparation

Inaccurate pipetting Check pipettes

Large CV
Air bubbles in wells Remove bubbles in wells

Plate is insufficiently Review the manual for proper wash. If

High washed using a plate washer, ensure that all
background Contaminated wash ports are unobstructed.
buffer Make fresh wash buffer

Store your standard at <-70ºC after

Improper storage of the reconstitution, others at 4ºC. Keep
Low sensitivity ELISA kit substrate solution protected from light.
Stop solution Add stop solution to each well before
reading plate

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