Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 303

International Conference of Primary Education Research Pivotal Literature and Research UNNES 2018 (IC PEOPLE UNNES 2018)

Development of E-Learning Models in

Database System Courses
Rustam`Effendi Robinson Situmorang Diana Nomida Musnir
Educational Technology Doctoral Educational Technology Doctoral Educational Technology Doctoral
Program Program Program
Universitas Negeri Jakarta Universitas Negeri Jakarta Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Jakarta, Indonesia Jakarta, Indonesia Jakarta, Indonesia
rustambanten@gmail.com robinson.situmorang@gmail.com kikymoesnir@yahoo.com

Abstract

Abstract—This study aims to develop products in the experience of learning technology (Koper & Tattersall,
form of teaching materials database system subjects with 2005:41).
the application of e-learning. The research method used is Technological development makes it possible to
the Rn D method. The results of the formative one-to-one create a fun learning process. One of them is by utilizing
learner evaluation were carried out between the developer
and three individual students. Tech reading in learning
telecommunications technology. The use of
materials in information and communication technology telecommunications technology for learning activities in
courses is very clear and can be read by students well. The universities in Indonesia is increasingly conducive to the
quality of the images displayed in the learning material and development of increasingly rapid and easily accessible
e-learning is very good and in accordance with the material technology so that more and more human resources can
content of. Clarity of basic competencies to be achieved and take advantage of this technology in encouraging
indicators of material presentation on learning materials conventional universities to organize distance education.
and e-learning programs in the Database Systems course Georgsen & Lovstad argue that .. for flexibility in
have been very good and easily understood by students. education, information and communication technology
Keywords— product, teaching materials, e-learrning, RnD
(ICT) is increasingly used to support the learning designs
method.
in work place-learning (2014). Learning content becomes
I. INTRODUCTION more dynamic, effective and enjoyable (Irwansyah, et all.
The use of databases or databases is needed in various 2017).
fields in a company / organization, like a database is a Pletteaux & Hoein says .. the ICT use mainly
warehouse in data storage because databases are one of supported hybrid courses, alternating between face-to-
the important components in information systems that face and online, and "enhanced classrooms," that is,
provide information for users in using data in accordance classrooms equipped and networked with educational
with their duties and functions. The underexed database technologies (2015). Furthermore, Georgsen & Lovstad
or those that are not well prepared will certainly result in argue that .. for flexibility in education, information and
a number of problems, because interacting with the communication technology (ICT) is increasingly used to
database is not only dealing with the problem of support the learning designs in work place-learning
designing, accessing and inputting data but also with (2014). Development of e-learning model database
issues of redundancies and data inconsistencies, system subjects designed by adopting one of the learning
difficulties in accessing data, data isolation for models supported by system facilities that can learn
standardization, multiple users, data security, data anytime and anywhere without being limited by distance,
integration and data independence. Therefore learning is space and time and varied learning materials so as to
needed which can understand database concepts improve the quality and learning outcomes students
correctly, which currently does not have a structured efficiently and effectively. It is expected to be able to
learning design. Learning is defined as a deliberate effort distribute teaching materials, update teaching materials
by educators to support student learning activities appropriately and quickly and be accessible to more than
(Kusumandari & Istyarini, 2015). Learning one student so that research on the development of e-
design focuses on the teaching-learning process that learning models of database system subjects is important.
happens in a lesson, a unit of learning or a course
(Devilee, 2018). Whereas Crross & Conole says that II. METHOD
learning design refers to a range of activities associated This research is a form of research and development
with better describing, understanding, supporting and which generally aims to produce products in the form of
guiding pedagogic design practices and processes teaching materials database system with the application
(2009:1). Learning design is a complex spesification, and of e-learning that can be used by students to study face-
requires a substantial supporting frramework of to-face or independently, e-learning, and technical
components and services if it is to trans from the instructions for using e -learning. Developmental research
seeks to create knowledge grounded in data

Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 293
 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 303

systematically derived from practice (Richey & Klein, From the results of expert design evaluations of
2005:24). Educational Research and Development is a learning materials and online or e-learning sources the
process used to develop and validate educational product Database System exists, so here are some suggestions
(Borg & Gall). from design experts, namely:
The research and development of this model produces First, the type of paper size of teaching materials
products in the form of database system teaching used is recommended using a B5 paper size that is
materials that will be applied in the development of almost the same as the size of the paper book used by
models in e-learning for FIK students in the Department some book publishers. Second, every material
of Information Management or Informatics in odd or presented from each chapter is equipped and supported
even semester, this teaching material is used for one with photos and designs as explanatory material for
semester. The approach is determined by observing the learning materials. Photos can be downloaded via the
phenomena observed by the subject of the conceptual internet by creating a source with a web site address or
world through actions and thoughts to understand the URL. Third, learning material for database systems
meanings compiled by the subject around everyday presented through e-learning is no longer included in
events (Kusumandari & Sukirman, 2017). book-based learning material. Fourth, elearning
learning materials should be presented with material
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION that needs explanation using multimedia support such
The results of the analysis of the development needs as video, animation and audio supporting lecture
of the e-learning model in the database system course material.
are based on the findings of questionnaires and From the results of media expert evaluations of
interviews with students, colleagues (lecturers) and learning materials and online or e-learning sources, the
product users. After the researchers analyzed the results Database System exists, so here are some suggestions
of several questionnaires and made direct observations from design experts, namely:
with students that students really wanted the e-learning First, the use of making photographic images in
process specifically to use the internet as a means of learning materials is presented proportionally in
providing networks in the learning process, because accordance with the original image not widening to the
informatics engineering study programs, information side. Second, typing learning material for database
systems in computer science had no complete facilities systems should use a special application program for
such as having a computer laboratory, multimedia book printing, namely adobe design. third, printing
laboratory and providing wifi networks. college learning materials is expected to use full color
Instructional approaches set a general direction of and copy tutors. So that the display of learning
trajectory for the instruction and are comprised of more materials can be satisfying.
precise or detailed components (Reigeluth & Chellman, From the results of the contest (content) expert
2009:31). Instructional design is this linking science-a evaluation. Learning materials and online sources or e-
body of konwledge that prescribes instructional actions to learning database systems are available, so here are some
optimize desired instructional outcomes, such as suggestions from design experts, namely:
achievement and affect (Reigeluth, 1983:5). Instructional First, the evaluation of expert content suggests that
Models are guidelines or sets of strategies on which the the use of language in subject learning materials is
approaches to teaching by instructors are based. Effective expected to be more communicative so students are easy
instructional models are based on learning theories. to understand the learning material. Second, to fill out
Learning Theories describe the ways that theorists believe teaching materials to add several components such as
people learn new ideas and concepts (Schneider, competency maps, general instructional objectives,
2014:155). specific instructional objectives, formative evaluations
From the results of interviewing researchers with along with key answers, exercises from each chapter of
colleagues or lecturers, the learning used is still learning material, descriptions of teaching materials and
conventional, namely using lecture methods and using author's history. All expert advice has been corrected
various kinds of media as a supporting tool to explain according to expert advice. Third, content experts
lecture material. The internet used by lecturers is only a propose to improve the language in the exercises from
tool for collecting assignments via e-mail, and using each chapter. The language used is not in the form of test
social media, blogs to post lecture support material. questions but is presented in the preses understanding of
Then the results of interviews of researchers with learning material. The researcher has made
product users, namely informatics engineering study improvements, practice questions from each chapter of
programs, information systems of the Faculty of the learning material. Thus, formative evaluation (one-to-
Computer Science, University of Banten Jaya. Unbaja one expert in the field of design, media and content has
has had infrastructure to be used as an e-learning been refined according to expert advice.
learning tool, but it does not yet exist among lecturers Formative evaluation of one-to-one learner
who use these facilities. Departing from the above (individual student test) is carried out between the
problems, the researcher needs to develop an e-learning developer and three individual students. Students who are
model on the subject of the Infra-Engineering enrolled are having characteristics such as goals, here the
Engineering database program, the information system researchers took 3 students who had low, medium and
of the Faculty of Computer Science at the University of high abilities. In this small group trial students were
Banten Jaya.

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 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 303

introduced to e-learning materials and book learning ability students. The purpose of this small group trial was
materials for the Database Systems course. to identify shortcomings in institutional activities after
The purpose of this trial is to identify and reduce error being revised based on individual evaluations. The
errors significantly in elearning learning materials and expected input is not only about learning materials and e-
learning materials from database system books. From the learning programs but also instructional processes. This
results of individual trials, it aims to find out some errors small group test data was collected using a questionnaire.
in the product development of e-learning and learning Formative evaluations were carried out in the computer
material such as typo. Words are missed, words that are laboratory and lecture room.
missing illustrated images that do not match the In this small group trial students were given learning
bibliography settings, coloring the display on elearning materials and opened an e-learning application program
media, material entered into elearning media. in a computer laboratory. The researcher explains the
The results of the formative evaluation conducted by learning material to the students what the content is and
the three students in holding individual tests based on the how to apply it in the learning process. After students
results of the questionnaire obtained answers that were learn and understand the overall learning material.
from the display quality of the product, the quality of Students are given a questionnaire to be filled in about
product presentation and user interaction of the program. Learning material sourced from books and e-learning. In
While from the results of interviews with the three the end the researchers conducted interviews one by one
students in individual tests, the following information from the nine students about their responses to learning
was obtained. materials that they had learned both from books and
Tech reading in learning materials in information and online through e-learning. From the results of the
communication technology courses is very clear and can formative evaluation for the small group, the research
be read by students well. Clarity of learning material received input from the nine students on learning
presented in learning materials and e-learning programs materials and e-learning database system subjects,
has been very good in detail from understanding to the namely:
concept of learning material. First, students are still confused about using learning
The quality of the images displayed in the learning materials and e-learning. From the student input, the
material and e-learning is very good and in accordance researcher explained to students that learning materials
with the material content of. Each chapter of learning. were used in book and online forms. Second, students
While the color composition in the e-learnimg program is propose in the compilation of bibliography in the learning
very good. But there is still a need for additional material that each chapter of the chapter should be
animation, music and instructions for using the e-learning arranged alphabetically from the name of the author of
application program. the source of learning material. Third, in the formative
Clarity of basic competencies to be achieved and evaluation of small groups students propose for e-
indicators of material presentation on learning materials learning to complete learning material by adding
and e-learning programs in the Database Systems course animation so that lecture material becomes interesting.
have been very good and easily understood by students. Fourth, students advise researchers to use the learning
The ease of understanding the material and the accuracy process directly because the learning material is very
of the order of presentation, the adequacy of the training interesting and no lecturer has used it.
and the adequacy of the training in the learning material Based on input, suggestions, criticism and validation
and the e-learning program have been very good and of one-to-one experts (design experts, media and
easily understood by students. But there are still many content), one leaner and small group. The next stage is
students who ask about the systematic learning materials stabilizing the final product by conducting 20 field trials
that are different from the learning material they have or field trials. Data collected in the trials of students using
read from various references. Whereas: their e-learning books and e-learning using questionnaires as attached.
program was very impressed with the program because so Emphasis on testing at this stage still focuses on the
far they had never studied like this. During this time they design of learning materials databases, the results of
only knew the blog, edmodo e-mail as a tool in learning. improvements from the small group.
Student interaction with the material in learning The process of implementing student fields is
materials and e-learnning programs strongly supports the introduced to learning materials and e-learning programs.
interactive occurrence between students and learning Then they observe all the overall learning material. After
materials. This includes the practice questions in each studying the two learning materials the researchers asked
chapter of learning materials and formative evaluation at for their feasibility of the products that the researchers
the end of the learning material. had developed in both forms of books and e-learning
Whereas in the e-learning program students can work programs.
quizzes, exams and exercises directly on the program Include: Relevance and scope of learning from book
without having to be in a classroom at a different place learning materials and e-learning materials in the subject
and time. While the material contained in the program of competency of the subject of Database Systems. The
can be stored by students, so students can learn on their material of understanding and understanding of the
own repeatedly. But students suggest to include all the material and the material presented in accordance with
material as a whole put into the elearning program. the Intellectual Objectives to be achieved. Then whether
Formative evaluation activities for small groups or the e-learning program is a learning tool for learning
small groups are carried out with 9 high, middle and low

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planning, subjects can be used to learn when learning, Networked Education and Training. New York:
where students can want to study Springer
IV. CONCLUSION [9] Kusumandari, Rafika Bayu & Istyarini. (2015).
Learning with the E-learning Model in Database Character Education Development Model-based E-
Systems is to combine e-learning with conventional Learning and Multiple in Telegency in Childhood in
models or face to face (face to face). Learning in this Central Java. Global Journal of Computer Science
course is carried out with several direct face-to-face and Technology: H Information & Technology
sessions using learning materials from the stale data Volume 15 Issue 3 Version 1.0 Year 2015 Type:
system and several other meetings with e-learning, Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research
namely students can use the method online with the web. Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA)
Learning material has been provided on the student web Online ISSN: 0975-4172 & Print ISSN: 0975-4350
where it can be accessed at any time. [10] Kusumandari, Rafika Bayu & Istyarini, Character
Conceptual model of learning in database system Education Development Model-based E-Learning
subjects with technology-based learning and information and Multiple Intelegency in Childhood in Central
with e-learning based learning. The combined aspects can Java, Global Journal of Computer Science and
take the form of methods, media, sources, environment or Technology: H Information & Technology Volume
learning strategies not only combining face-to-face and 15 Issue 3 Version 1.0 Year 2015
online. [11] Richey, Rita C. James D. Klein dan Monica W.
Tracey, The Instructional Design Knowledge Base,
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