Lecture 4:

Differentiation of Trigonometric
Functions

Dr. Lory Liza D. Bulay-og, PECE

Professor 1
 The TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
.
Recall :
Trigonometric Identities
A. Reciprocal Identities C. Double Angle Formulas
1 1 1. sin 2x  2sinxcosx
1. sin x   csc x 
csc x sin x 2. cos 2x  cos2 x  sin2 x
1 1
2. cos x   sec x   1  2 sin2 x
sec x cos x
sin x 1  2 cos2 x  1
3. tan x  
cos x cot x 3. tan 2x  2tan x
cos x  1 1  tan2x
4. cot x 
sin x tan x
B. Sum and Difference of Two Angles D. Squared Identities
1. sin x  y  sin xcos y  cos x sin y 1. sin2 x  cos2 x 1
2. cos x  y  cos xcos y ∓sin x sin y 2. 1  tan2 x  sec2 x
tan x  tan y 3. 1  cot 2 x  csc2 x
3. tan x  y 
1∓tan x tan y
 DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA
Derivative of TrigonometricFunction
For the differentiation formulas of the trigonometric
functions, all you need to know is the differentiation
formulas of sin u and cos u. Using these formulas
and the differentiation formulas of the algebraic
functions, the differentiation formulas of the
remaining functions, that is, tan u, cot u, sec u and
cscu may be obtained.
Derivativeof sin u where u  f x 
d
sinu  cos u du
dx dx
Derivativeof cos u where u  f x 
d
cosu   sinu du
dx dx
Derivativeof tan u where u  f x 
d
tan x  d  sin x  
dx dx  cos x 
U sin g derivative of quotient,

cosx d
sin x  sinx d cos x
d
tan x  dx dx
dx cosx 2

cosxcosx  sinx sin x
cos2 x
cos2 x  sin2 x 1
 
cos2 x cos2 x
d
tan x  sec2 x
dx

Therefore
d
tan u  sec2u du
dx dx
Derivativeof cot u where u  f x 
d
cot x  d  1 
dx dx  tan x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

0  1 tan x
d
0  1 sec 2 x
d
tan x  dx 
dx tanx 2
tanx 2
1

 sec 2 x 2
x  1  csc2 x
  cos
tan2 x sin2 x sin2 x
cos2 x
d
cot x  -csc2 x
dx

Therefore
d
cot u  - csc2u du
dx dx
Derivativeof sec u where u  f x 
d
sec x  d  1 
dx dx  cos x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

0  1 cos x
d
0 1 sin x 
d
tan x  dx 
dx cosx 2 cosx 2
 sin x sin x 1
    tan x sec x
2
cos x cos x cos x

d
sec x  tan x sec x
dx

Therefore
d
sec u  tan u sec u du
dx dx
Derivativeof csc u where u  f x 
d
csc x  d  1 
dx dx  sin x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

0  1 sinx
d
0 1cos x 
d
csc x  dx 
dx sin x 2 sin x 2
 cos x  cosx 1
     cot x csc x
2
sin x sin x sin x

d
csc x   cot xcsc x
dx

Therefore
d
csc u  - cot u csc u du
dx dx
SUMMARY:
If u is a differentiable function of x, then the
following are differentiation formulas of the
trigonometric functions

d
sin u   cos u du d
cot u    csc 2 u du
dx dx dx dx
d
cos u    sin u du d
sec u   tan u sec u du
dx dx dx dx
d
tan u   sec 2 u du d
csc u    cot u csc u du
dx dx dx dx
A. Find the derivative of each of the following
functions and simplify the result:
1. f x  2 sin3x
f ' x  2cos3x3
 6 cos 3x

2. g x  esin x

g' x  esin x d

sin x
dx
1
e sin x
 cos x 
2 x
esin x
 cos x x esin x
 cos x
g' x  
x
 
2 x x 2x
 
3. h x  cos 2 1 3x 2 
hx  cos 1  3x 2 2
  
h' x  2 cos1 3x 2  sin1 3x 2  6 x

 6 x2cos1 3x sin1 3x 
2 2

from sin2x  2sinxcos

h' x  6 x sin 21 3x 2 
4. y  3sin4x 3 cos4x 3

 
y'  3 sin4 x 3 sin 4 x 3 12x  cos 4 x cos4 x 12x 
2 3 3 2

from cos2x cos2 x  sin2 x


y'  36 x 2 cos24x 3  
y'  36 x 2 cos 8 x 3
5. f x  2 tan  x
x
2
 x  1 
f ' x   2 sec 2    1
 2  2 

f ' x  sec2 1

x
2
x
f ' x  tan
2
2
6. h x  log3 tan x
1 x
x  1  x 1  x1
h' x 
1
log 3 e  sec 2  
tan
x 1  x  1  x 2

1 x
cos x
h' x 
log 3 e 1  x  x   1 x 1

1  x 2 sin
x
cos2
x
1 x 1 x

h' x 
log3 e 1 2
 
1  x2 sin x cos x 2
1 x 1 x

h' x 
2 log3 e 1
1  x2 2 sin x
cos
x
1 x 1 x

h' x 
2 log3 e 1  h' x 
2 log3 e csc 2x 
1  x2 sin 2x 1  x2  1  x 
1 x
7. y  sec 2x cos 2 x
Apply ln on both sides ln y  ln sec 2x cos 2 x
ln y  cos 2x ln sec 2x
By logarithmic differentiation
1 
 y'  cos2x 
1
sec 2xtan 2x2  lnsec 2x sin 2x2
y sec 2x 

 y'  cos2x
1 2 sin 2x 
  2 sin 2xln sec 2x
y cos 2x 
 2 sin 2x1 ln sec 2x

y'  2 sin 2x1 ln sec 2x  y

y'  2 sin 2x 1  ln sec 2x sec 2x cos 2 x

8. h x 
2 cotx
1 cot 2 x
1 cot x2csc x1 2 cot x2 cot xcsc x1
2 2 2

h' x 
1  cot x  2 2

2 cot x  1  cot x
2
2 csc x
h' x  2 2

1  cot x 
2 2


2 csc x

cot x  1
2
2

csc x 
2 2

2cot x 1  cos x 

 2 sin x 
2 2
h' x  2
1 sin 2 x 
csc2 x  
 cos2 x  sin2 x 
h' x   2 sin x 
2
2

 sin x 

h' x  2 cos2x

9. F x cscx 3  1

 cscx 3
  
 1 cot x 3  1 3x 2
F' x 
2 cscx  1 3

3x cscx  1cot x  1 cscx

2 3 3 3

1
F' x  
2 cscx  1 3

F' x   
3 2
2

x cot x 3  1  cscx 3

1
EXERCISES:
Find the derivative and simplify theresult.
1. h x  ln sin5 4 x3
6. F x   s i n x t a n x

2. f x  3 cosln x 2  7. y  tan x  y

sin 4x
3. g x  8. F x 
cot 2 2x
2  cos 4 x 1  x2
4. F x  2 cos x sin 2x  2 sin 4xcos 2x 9. cot xy  xy  0

sin3
5. y  10. sec 2 x  csc 2 y 0
1  3 cos x