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Transcript For Activity 05.2

The document summarizes key points from a video about the relationship between intelligence tests, success, and other factors. It discusses several findings: 1) IQ tests moderately correlate with school performance, explaining about 25% of variance, though other factors also influence performance. 2) IQ also moderately correlates with later job performance, explaining around 20% of variance, as other dedication, motivation, and autonomy factors also influence performance. 3) Higher IQ scores negatively correlate with juvenile crime, as those scoring lower may feel ostracized and turn to alternatives versus feeling school is a good fit. 4) While IQ predicts some achievement, an experiment found children able to delay gratification went on to greater success

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20 views2 pages

Transcript For Activity 05.2

The document summarizes key points from a video about the relationship between intelligence tests, success, and other factors. It discusses several findings: 1) IQ tests moderately correlate with school performance, explaining about 25% of variance, though other factors also influence performance. 2) IQ also moderately correlates with later job performance, explaining around 20% of variance, as other dedication, motivation, and autonomy factors also influence performance. 3) Higher IQ scores negatively correlate with juvenile crime, as those scoring lower may feel ostracized and turn to alternatives versus feeling school is a good fit. 4) While IQ predicts some achievement, an experiment found children able to delay gratification went on to greater success

Uploaded by

Callum Bryan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transcript for Activity 5.

2 Video: Intelligence Tests and Success


Two announcers standing at a table

Announcer 1: So, what do intelligence tests say about a person's potential for success? Such tests
have long been used to determine a person's aptitude for various types of work, but are they good
predictors of achievement? If we do well on a test can we also expect to do well in life? And
conversely, if we do poorly should we worry about our potential for success? What do the experts
say?

Scene Change; Deidre Kolarick, New York University

One of the measures that IQ tests have been shown to positively correlate with is school
performance. And school performance here includes things like grades in school, as well as
performance on school achievement tests, as well as years spent in school. And there are a number
of reasons why this might be. Certainly students who do well on IQ tests at an early age are likely
to be encouraged, probably, more throughout school. They're likely to get more positive feedback
and reinforcement from their teachers. They're likely to probably enjoy school more for all of
those reasons. And so, they may be more likely to stay in school and certainly, you know, some of
the school achievement tests that the IQ tests do predict involve using very similar skills; so,
problem solving, analytical reasoning, sort of more abstract thinking. The IQ test essentially taps
into a lot of those same skills.

In the IQ the correlation with school performance is roughly around point five, so it essentially
accounts for about twenty five percent of the variance that we see in performance in school, which
is a moderate correlation, but we all know that there are a lot of other factors that also influence
how students do in school. So, one of the issues is just that the IQ test I think has a history of being
over applied. And-- and perhaps a little bit to much weight being put into what it effectively
predicts or how effectively it predicts those things.

Another measure that the IQ correlates with is actually job performance later in adult life, which is
sort of interesting both in measures of job performance as well as ratings by supervisors. The IQ
predicts a certain amount of variance in that job performance, but it-- it is-- it's relatively small. It's
about 20 percent of performance on the job. And so, obviously, there are a lot of other factors that
play into how people perform as well. How dedicated they are. How motivated they are. How
independent, how much autonomy they have in their chosen profession. So, essentially, you know,
the IQ is just a small piece of the entire puzzle of how people wind up performing on jobs, but it
does seem like there's something to the same-- the abilities that the IQ taps into that translates
into later job performance.

We see another interesting correlation between IQ scores and juvenile crime. And that's actually a
negative correlation. So, the higher a student's IQ score the less likely they are to get into
essentially types of-- of trouble as juveniles because essentially students who might score worse

1
on the IQ tests and thus be kind of almost ostracized in a school setting are then sort of led down--
you know, might be more likely to get into trouble because they're being ostracized in school. So
again, there's this kind of self-fulfilling prophecy, if you do bad on the IQ test, you know, do you not
really feel like there's a place for you in school or you don't feel like that's a good fit for you. So,
you turn to other alternatives.

Scene Change; Woman announcer at table

Announcer 1: It seems likely that IQ is just one predictor of success. As our definition of
intelligence expands, so does our list of factors that contribute to who we become and what we
achieve.

For example, here's a factor that on first glance has little to do with intelligence, the ability to delay
gratification. In the early 1970s psychologist Walter Mischel found that some preschoolers were
able to resist eating a marshmallow for a period of time if they were promised a second
marshmallow in return for waiting, one now or two later.

Some children couldn't resist and ate the first marshmallow right away, losing out on the reward.
Others could hold out and were rewarded. What surprised even Dr. Mischel is that the children
who were able to delay gratification went on to score higher on tests and achieve greater success
later in life than the children who lacked this ability. This is just one of many examples that
suggest there may be far more to achievement than a high IQ score.

End of Video

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