html body { margin-top: 50px !important; } #top_form { position: fixed; top:0; left:0; width: 100%; margin:0; z-index: 2100000000; -moz-user-select: none; -khtml-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -o-user-select: none; border-bottom:1px solid #151515; background:#FFC8C8; height:45px; line-height:45px; } #top_form input[name=url] { width: 550px; height: 20px; padding: 5px; font: 13px "Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; border: 0px none; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #FFF; }
, and other common tags used to structure pages. The document also covers important HTML elements like headings, paragraphs, links, lists, tables, forms, and images. It provides examples of how to properly structure and style content using these basic HTML elements.">
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Week 2

This document provides an overview of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) basics. It defines HTML as the standard markup language used for web pages and discusses its key components. These include the <html>, <head>, <body>, and other common tags used to structure pages. The document also covers important HTML elements like headings, paragraphs, links, lists, tables, forms, and images. It provides examples of how to properly structure and style content using these basic HTML elements.

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16 views47 pages

Week 2

This document provides an overview of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) basics. It defines HTML as the standard markup language used for web pages and discusses its key components. These include the <html>, <head>, <body>, and other common tags used to structure pages. The document also covers important HTML elements like headings, paragraphs, links, lists, tables, forms, and images. It provides examples of how to properly structure and style content using these basic HTML elements.

Uploaded by

Tech Scho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Web Engineering

HTML Basics
Presented by
Dr. Muhammad Furqan
Assistant Professor, CUST
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

HTML is the standard markup language for documents designed to be


displayed in a web browser.
If we slit the HTML into two Parts.
– Hypertext
The text that has reference to another text document.
– Markup language
Language that is both machine and human readable.
HTML Page
– HTML pages are text documents containing HTML structure
HTML

What is your opinion about HTML.


Is it programming language!
Structure of HTML

HTML has six "levels" of headings:


– <h1> is used for main headings
– <h2> is used for subheadings
– If there are further sections under the
subheadings then the <h3> element is used,
and so on...
Opening and Closing Tags
Opening Tag
<html>, <body>, <h1> …… are opening tags of Html,
where
• < is left-angle bracket
• “html”, “body”, “h1” are Characters
• > is right-angle bracket.
Closing Tag
</html>, </body>, </h1> …… are closing tags of Html because it consist of forward slash (/) after left-
angle bracket,
where
• < is left-angle bracket
• “html”, “body”, “h1” are Characters
• > is right-angle bracket.
Structure of HTML

The opening <html> tag indicates that


anything between it and a closing
</html> tag is HTML code.
Structure of HTML

The <body> tag indicates that


anything between it and the closing
</body> tag should be shown inside
the main browser window.
Structure of HTML

Everything inside body element is


shown inside the main browser
window.
Structure of HTML
Structure of HTML

Words between <h1> and </h1> are a


main heading.
A paragraph consists of
Structure of HTML one or more sentences
that form a kind of
dialogue.
Font Style in HTML
Bold
– By enclosing words in the tags <b> and </b> we can make characters appear
bold.
Italic
– By enclosing words in the tags <i> and </i> we can make characters appear
italic.
Example
Structure of HTML
Line Break
– Just like <p></p> the line break <br > breaks line and starts new
line
– Example
<p>The Earth<br >gets one hundred tons heavier
every day<br />due to falling space dust.</p>
Horizontal Rule
– Just like <br > it separates lines by placing a solid line in between
paragraphs
<p>Venus is the only planet that rotates
clockwise.</p>
<hr >
<p>Jupiter is bigger than all the other planets
combined.</p>
Structure of HTML
Abbreviation or an acronym

Use an abbreviation or an acronym, when you like to add shortened


versions of something else
Attributes of HTML
Attributes provide additional information about the contents of an
element. They appear on the opening tag of the element and are made up
of two parts: a name and a value, separated by an equals sign.
Abberavations of HTML
Abbreviation or an acronym
– Use an abbreviation or an acronym, when you like to add shortened versions
of something else
Lists
HTML provides us with three different types:
– Ordered lists
• are lists where each item in the list is numbered.
– Unordered lists
• are lists that begin with a bullet point (rather than characters that indicate order).
– Definition lists
• are made up of a set of terms along with the definitions for each of those terms.
Lists
Ordered List
– <ol>
• The ordered list is created with the <ol> element.
– <ul>
• The unordered list is created with <ul> element.
– <li>
• Each item in the list is placed between an opening <li> tag
and a closing </li> tag. (The li stands for list item.)
– Browsers indent lists by default.
Examples of Lists
Lists
Definition List
– The definition list is created with the <dl> element and usually consists of a
series of terms and their definitions
Examples of Lists
Hyperlink
Hyperlink
– A hyperlink is a word, phrase, or image that you can click on to jump to a
new document or a new section within the current document.
– Example
• <a href="url">link text</a>
Hyperlinks
Hyperlink
Opening link in new window
– Open link in new page by using target=“_blank”
Hyperlink
• Linking to a Specific Part of the another Page

– If you want to link to a specific part of a different page (whether on your own
site or a different website) you can use a similar technique.
Images
There are three rules to remember when you are creating images.

– Save images in the right format


– Save images at the right size
– Use the correct resolution
Figure & Figure Caption
• <figure> element to contain images
• The <img> element is used to add images to a web page
• <figcaption> allow web page authors to add a caption to an image.
Images
Tables
• A table represents information in a grid format.
• Table
– The <table> element is used to create a table. The contents of the table are
written out row by row.
• Row
– start of each row using the opening <tr> tag and </tr> closing tag
• Cell
– Each cell of a table is represented using a <td> element with </td> closing
tag
Examples of Table
Examples of Table
Examples of Table
HTML Forms
• Whenever you want to collect information from visitors you will need
a form, which lives inside a <form> element.

• Information from a form is sent in name/value pairs.

• Each form control is given a name, and the text the user types in or
the values of the options they select are sent to the server.
HTML Forms Structure
<form>
– This element should always carry the action attribute and will usually have a
method and id attribute too.
Action
– Every <form> element requires an action attribute. Its value is the URL for the
page on the server that will receive the information.
Method
– Forms can be sent using one of two methods: get or post.
HTML FORMS

What does it means


(type=“password”)
HTML FORMS
HTML FORMS
Grouping Form Elements

The <legend> element can come


You can group related form directly after the opening <fieldset>
controls together inside the tag and contains a caption which
<fieldset> element helps identify the purpose of that
group of form
controls.
Example of Form
HTML Page
HTML page can be created on multiple text editor including:
– Notepad
– Notepad ++
– Sublime
– Visual Studio
– Much more…

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