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    10.5 Extraction of Metals

    Uploaded by

    Umida Zaylobiddinova
    The document describes the extraction of metals from their ores. It states that the method used depends on the reactivity of the metal, with more reactive metals like aluminum requiring electrolysis due to forming stable oxides. Less reactive metals like iron can be extracted through reduction with carbon. Specific methods are given for extracting some common metals like aluminum, iron, zinc and copper. Electrolysis is described as the primary method for extracting reactive metals like aluminum from its most common ore, bauxite.

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    10.5 Extraction of Metals

    Uploaded by

    Umida Zaylobiddinova
    22 views19 pages
    The document describes the extraction of metals from their ores. It states that the method used depends on the reactivity of the metal, with more reactive metals like aluminum requiring electrolysis due to forming stable oxides. Less reactive metals like iron can be extracted through reduction with carbon. Specific methods are given for extracting some common metals like aluminum, iron, zinc and copper. Electrolysis is described as the primary method for extracting reactive metals like aluminum from its most common ore, bauxite.

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    The document describes the extraction of metals from their ores. It states that the method used depends on the reactivity of the metal, with more reactive metals like aluminum requiring electrolysis due to forming stable oxides. Less reactive metals like iron can be extracted through reduction with carbon. Specific methods are given for extracting some common metals like aluminum, iron, zinc and copper. Electrolysis is described as the primary method for extracting reactive metals like aluminum from its most common ore, bauxite.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views19 pages

    10.5 Extraction of Metals

    Uploaded by

    Umida Zaylobiddinova
    The document describes the extraction of metals from their ores. It states that the method used depends on the reactivity of the metal, with more reactive metals like aluminum requiring electrolysis due to forming stable oxides. Less reactive metals like iron can be extracted through reduction with carbon. Specific methods are given for extracting some common metals like aluminum, iron, zinc and copper. Electrolysis is described as the primary method for extracting reactive metals like aluminum from its most common ore, bauxite.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    Topic:

    Extraction of Metals
    Learning outcome:

    Describe the ease of obtaining


    metals from their ores, related to
    the position of the metal in the
    reactivity series.
    Metals are extracted from ores, which are minerals
    found in the Earth’s crust that contain metal
    compounds. Examples of ores include:
    ● haematite (Fe2O3)
    ● bauxite (Al2O3)
    ● galena (PbS)
    The method used to extract a metal from its ore depends upon
    the reactivity of the metal, and thus the stability of its
    compound in the ore.

    Very reactive metals, such as aluminium,


    form stable oxides and other compounds.
    Electrolysis is commonly used to extract
    these metals and requires a lot of electric
    Less reactive metals, such as iron, form
    current (energy) to reduce them to extract
    less stable oxides and other
    the metal.
    compounds. Reduction with carbon is
    often used to extract these metals and
    requires less energy to reduce them to
    extract the metal.
    The table displays some metals in decreasing order of
    reactivity and the methods used to extract them.
    Magnesium Electrolysis
    Aluminium Electrolysis
    (Carbon) (Non-metal)
    Zinc Reduction by carbon or carbon monoxide

    Iron Reduction by carbon or carbon monoxide

    Tin Reduction by carbon or carbon monoxide

    Lead Reduction by carbon or carbon monoxide

    (Hydrogen) (Non-metal)
    Copper Various chemical reactions
    Silver Various chemical reactions
    Extraction of Iron (Fe) from its Ore
    Learning outcome:

    Describe the extraction of iron from hematite in the blast furnace,


    including symbol equations (and state symbols) for each step, limited to:

    (a) the burning of carbon (coke) in air to provide heat and produce CO2

    (b) the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide

    (c) the reduction of iron(III) oxide by carbon monoxide


    Learning outcome:

    Describe the extraction of iron from hematite in the blast furnace,


    including symbol equations (and state symbols) for each step, limited to:

    (d) the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate / limestone to


    produce calcium oxide

    (e) the formation of slag


    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8s8rcnxqLIw&t=2s
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sPYEClAb80
    Learning outcome:

    State that the main ore of aluminium is bauxite and that


    aluminium is extracted by electrolysis.

    ● Aluminium is a reactive metal which sits above


    carbon on the reactivity series.
    ● It cannot be extracted from its ore (bauxite) by
    carbon reduction, so electrolysis is used.
    Learning outcome:

    Describe the extraction of aluminium from purified bauxite/


    aluminium oxide, including:

    (a) the role of cryolite

    (b) why the carbon anodes need to be regularly


    replaced

    (c) the reactions at the electrodes, including


    ionic half-equations
    CLICK HERE:

    https://padle
    t.com/regine
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    sox
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6P90li2PHfA
    Diagram showing the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis
    REDOX Reactions at the Electrodes
    REDOX Reactions (Half-Equations) at the Electrodes

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