SRM VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(An Autonomous Institution)

S.R.M. Nagar, Kattankulathur - 603203

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

QUESTION BANK

V SEMESTER

B. E- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE&DATA SCIENCE

1918502 – PROBABILITY RANDOM PROCESSES AND STATISTICS

Regulation – 2019

Academic Year – 2022 - 2023

Prepared by

Dr. G. Sasikala , Assistant Professor / Mathematics

1
 SRM VALLIAMMAI ENGNIEERING COLLEGE
(An Autonomous Institution)
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603203.
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

SUBJECT : 1918502 – PROBABILITY RANDOM PROCESSES AND STATISTICS

SEM / YEAR: IV / II year B.E. (AI&DS)
UNIT I - PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLES
Probability – Axioms of probability – Conditional probability – Baye‘s theorem - Discrete and continuous
random variables – Moments – Moment generating functions
Q.No. Question BT Level Competence
PART – A
1. Define probability BTL -1 Remembering
2. Define Axioms of probability BTL -1 Remembering
3. Define Moment Generating function of a random variable. BTL -1 Remembering
4. A die is rolled, find the probability that an even number is obtained. BTL -2 Understanding
5. If A and B are independent events then A and 𝐵̅ also independent BTL -3 Applying
6. If A and B are independent events then A ̅and B also independent BTL -3 Applying
7. State Multiplication theorem of Probability BTL -2 Understanding
8. Define Moment Generating function of a random variable. BTL-2 Understanding
A random variables X has the following probability distribution.
Find the value of K and P(X 3)
9. BTL -3 Applying
X 0 1 2 3 4
P(x) K 3K 5K 7K 9K
10. If A and B are independent events then A ̅ and B also independent BTL -2 Understanding
A card is drawn from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. What is the
11. BTL -4 Analyzing
probability of getting queen or club card?
12. Two coins are tossed, find the probability that two heads are obtained. BTL -3 Applying
If is the pdf of a random variable X, then find the
13. BTL -4 Analyzing
value of k.
For a continuous distribution , where is a
14. BTL-5 Evaluating
constant. Find .
15. If a random variable X has the MGF (t) = . Find the mean of X. BTL -4 Analyzing
The p.d.f of a continuous random variable X is
16. BTL-5 Evaluating
, Find k.
Show that the function is a probability density
17. BTL -4 Analyzing
function of a continuous random variable X.
18. State Multiplication theorem of Probability BTL -2 Understanding
19. If the pdf of a random variable is f(x)=x/2 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 find P(X > 1.5). BTL-6 Creating
A card is drawn at random from a deck of cards. Find the probability of
20. BTL -3 Applying
getting the 3 of diamond
21. State Baye’s Theorem. BTL -2 Understanding
2
 A continuous random variable X has a p.d.f f(x)=2x,0 ≤ x ≤ 1. Find
22. BTL -4 Analyzing
P( X > 0.5 ).
23. If f(x)=kx2 ,0< x < 3, is to be a density function, find the value of k. BTL-6 Creating
24. Write any two properties of mathematical Expectation BTL -2 Understanding
25. If f(x)=k(1+x) ,0< x < 2 is to be a density function, find the value of k. BTL-6 Creating
PART – B
The probability mass function of a discrete R.V X is given in the
following table
1. X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BTL2 Understanding
P(X) a 3a 5a 7a 9a 11a 13a 15a 17a
Find (i) the value of a ,(ii) P(X < 3) (iii) Mean of X, (iv) Variance of X.
A letter of the English Alphabet is chosen at random calculate the
2.(a) probability that the letter so chosen (i) is a vowel (ii) precedes m and is BTL2 Understanding
a vowel (iii) follows m and is a vowel.
If A and B are two events with P(A)=3/8 and (B)=1/2,P(A∩B)=1/4,
2.(b) BTL2 Understanding
find P(Ac∩Bc).
The probability distribution of an infinite discrete distribution is given by
1
3. P[ X = j ] = 𝑗( j = 1,2,3…) Find (1)Mean of X (2)P [X is even] BTL4 Analyzing
.2
(3) P(X is odd) (4) P(X is divisible by 3).
(b) 4 coins were tossed simultaneously. What is the probability of
4.(a) BTL6 Creating
getting (i) 2 heads, (ii) atleast 2 heads, (iii) at most 2 heads.
If P(AUB)=5/6, P(A∩B)=1/3 and P(𝐵)=1/2,Show that A and B are
4.(b) BTL -3 Applying
independent.
The probability mass function of a discrete R. V X is given in the
following table:
X -2 -1 0 1 2 3
5. BTL2 Understanding
P(X=x) 0.1 k 0.2 2k 0.3 k
Find (i) the value of k, (ii) P(X<1), (iii) P(-1< X ≤ 2),
(iv) E(X) (v) Var(X).
Find the mean and variance of the following probability distribution
6.(a) Xi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BTL4 Analyzing
Pi 0.08 0.12 0.19 0.24 0.16 0.10 0.07 0.04
Two events A and B are such that P(A)=1/4,P(A/B)=1/2 and
6.(b) BTL -3 Applying
P(B/A)=1/2 , find P(A/𝐵)
 ax, 0  x  1
 a, 1  x  2

If f(x) =  is the p.d.f of X. Calculate
 3 a  ax , 2  x  3
7.  0, elsewhere BTL -3 Applying
(i)The value of a (ii)The cumulative distribution function of X
(iii)If X1, X2 and X3 are 3 independent observations of X. Find the
probability that exactly one of these 3 is greater than 1.5?
If the two dice are thrown, what is the probability that the sum is
8.(a) BTL -4 Analyzing
(a) greater that 8,and (b) neither 7 nor 11?
A continuous random variable has the probability density function
8.(b) BTL -3 Applying
f(x)=k(1-x)3,1≤ x ≤ 3 Find (i) k (ii) The distribution function F(x).

3
 Five salesman of A,B,C,D and E of a company are considered for a
three member delegation to represent the company in an international
9. trade conference construct the sample space and find the probability that BTL -5 Evaluating
(i)A is selected (ii) A is not selected (iii) Either A or B (not both) is
selected
An integer is chosen at random from two hundred digits. What is the
10.(a) BTL -6 Creating
probability that the integer is divisible by 6 or 8
If A and B are independent events with P(A)=1/2 and P(B)=1/3, find
10.(b) ̅∩B). BTL -3 Applying
P(A
The diameter, say X, of an electric cable, is assumed to be a continuous
random variable with p.d.f. : f(x) = 6x (1-x), 0≤ x ≤ 1
(i) Check that the above is a p.d.f.,
11. (ii) Obtain an expression for the c.d.f. of X., BTL -4 Analyzing
(iii) Compute (X ≤ 1/2│1/3 ≤ X ≤ 2/3, and
(iv) Determine the number k such that P(X < k) = P(X>k).
The probability mass function of a discrete R. V X is given in the
following table:
12.(a) X -2 -1 0 1 2 3 BTL3 Understanding
P(X=x) 0.1 K 0.2 2k 0.3 k
Find (1) Find the value of k, (2) P(X<1),(3) P(-1< X ≤ 2)
12.(b) If P(A)=3/4 and P(B)=3/4,P(AUB)=11/12,find P(A/B)and P(B/A) BTL -5 Evaluating
From a city population the probability of selecting (i)a male or a smoker
is 7/10,(ii).a male smoker is 2/5 and (ii)a male , if a smoker is already
13. BTL -4 Analyzing
selected is 2/3.Find the Probability of selecting (a) a non-smoker (b) a
male and (c) a smoker if a male is first selected
Probability of the complementary event A ̅ of A is given by
14.(a) ̅) = 1-P (A). BTL -1 Remembering
P(A
If A and B are any two events (subsets of sample space S ) and are not
14.(b) BTL -1 Remembering
disjoint, then P(A U B)= P(A)+P (B)- P (A∩B)
Three newspapers A, B and C are published in a certain city. It is
estimated from a survey that of the adult population 20% read , 16% read
15. B, 14% read C, 8% read both A and B, 5% read both A and C , 4% read BTL -4 Analyzing
both B and C, 2% read all three. Find what percentage read at least on of
the papers?
An MBA applies for a job in two firms X and Y. the probability of his
being selected in firm X is 0.7 and being rejected at Y is 0.5, the
16.(a) BTL -4 Analyzing
probability of at least one of his applications being rejected is 0.6. what
is probability that he will be selected in one of the firms ?
The events A and B are independent with P(A)=0.5 and P(B)=0.8 .Find
16.(b) BTL -3 Applying
the probability that neither of the event occurs.
For any two events A and B , we have
17. ̅∩B)= P(B) – P (A ∩B) (ii) P (A ∩𝐵) = P (A)-P(A∩B) BTL -1 Remembering
(i) P (A
18.(a) In a class of 100 students 75 are boys and 25 are girls .The chance that a BTL -3 Applying

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 boy gets a first class is 0.25 and the probability that a girl gets first class
is 0.21 .Find the probability that a student selected at random gets a first
class.
Two dice are thrown together. Find the probability that
18.(b) (i)The total of the numbers on the top face is 9 and BTL -3 Applying
(ii)The top faces are same
PART – C
Out of 2000 families with 4 children each, Find how many family would
1. you expect to have i) at least 1 boy ii) 2 boys iii) 1 or 2 girls iv) no BTL -4 Analyzing
girls
In a shooting test , the probability of hitting the target are 1/2 for A,2/3
for B,3/4 for C.If all of them fire at the target ,find the probability that
2. BTL -4 Analyzing
(i)None of them hits the target (ii) Atleast one of them hits the target.
(iii)Exactly one of them hits the target
A bag contains 4 white ,5 red and 6 black balls .Four are drawn at
random find the probability that
(a) No ball drawn is black
3. BTL -2 Understanding
(b) Exactly two are black
(c) All are of the same colour
(d) There is atleast one ball of each colour
In a bolt factory machines A,B,C manufacture 25%, 35%, 40% of the
total output respectively.Out of their outputs 5,4,2 percent respectively
4. are defective bolts.A bolt is drawn at random from the product and is BTL -2 Understanding
found to be defective ,what are the probabilities that it was manufactured
by machines A,B and C.
A random variable X has the following probability distribution:
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
P(X) 0 2 2 3 2 7 +k
5. Find (i) The value of BTL -3 Applying
(ii) Evaluate P(X < 6), P(X ≥ 6) and P(0< x < 5)
(iii) P(X ≤ a)>1/2, find the minimum value of ‘a’ and
(iv)Determine the distribution function of X.

UNIT II - TWO - DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES

Joint Probability distribution function – Marginal Probability distribution function and conditional
distributions – Covariance – Correlation and linear regression
Q.No. Question BT Level Competence
PART – A
1. Define Two dimensional Discrete random variables. BTL -1 Remembering
2. Define Two dimensional Continuous random variables. BTL -1 Remembering
3. Define Marginal probability density function of X. BTL -1 Remembering
The joint probability distribution of X and Y is given by
x y
4. p ( x, y )  ,x = 0,1,2; y = 1, 2. Find the marginal probability BTL -2 Understanding
21
distributions of X.
5. Find the probability distribution of X + Y from the bivariate BTL -3 Applying

5
 distribution of (X,Y) given below:
X Y 1 2
1 0.4 0.2
2 0.3 0.1
The joint probability function (X,Y) is given by 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) =
6 BTL -3 Applying
𝑘(2𝑥 + 3𝑦), 𝑥 = 0,1,2 𝑦 = 1,2,3, Find the value of K.
Let X and Y have the joint p.m.f

Y X 0 1 2
7. BTL -2 Understanding
0 0.1 0.4 0.1
1 0.2 0.2 0
Find P(X+Y > 1)
1
, 0 < 𝑥, 𝑦 < 2
If the joint pdf of (X, Y) is 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = {4 . Find
8 0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 BTL -2 Understanding
𝑃(𝑋 + 𝑌 ≤ 1)
Let X and Y be random variables with joint density function
9. f(x,y) = 4 xy , 0  x  1 , 0  y  1 formulate the value of E(XY) BTL -3 Applying
 0, otherwise
If the joint probability density function of a random variable X and
𝑥3𝑦3
, 0 < 𝑥 < 2, 0 < 𝑦 < 2
10 Y is given by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { 16 . Find the BTL -2 Understanding
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
marginal density function of X.
11. What is the condition for two random variables are independent? BTL -4 Analyzing
The joint probability density of a two dimensional random variable
12. 𝑘𝑥𝑒 −𝑦 ; 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 2 , 𝑦 > 0 BTL -3 Applying
(X,Y) is given by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { . Evaluate k.
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
The joint probability density function of a random varaiable (X,Y) is
13. BTL -4 Analyzing
f ( x, y)  k e ( 2 x 3 y ) , x  0, y  0 . Find the value of k.
14. State the correlation coefficient formula. BTL -2 Understanding
The regression equations are x + 6y = 14 and 2x + 3y = 1. Find the
15. BTL -4 Analyzing
correlation coefficient between X &Y .
If 𝑋̅ = 970 , 𝑌̅ = 18, 𝜎𝑥 = 38 , 𝜎𝑦 = 2 and r = 0.6 , Find the line of
16. BTL -2 Understanding
regression of X on Y.
In a partially destroyed laboratory, record of an analysis of
correlation data, the following results only are legible; Varaince of
17. BTL -4 Analyzing
X = 9; Regression equations are 8X - 10Y + 66 = 0 and 40X-18Y =
214. Find the mean values of X and Y?
The regression equations are 3x + 2y = 26 and 6x + y = 31. Find the
18. BTL -2 Understanding
correlation coefficient.
What is the formula to find the acute angle between the two lines of
19. BTL -4 Analyzing
regression?
2
If f(x,y)= {𝑘𝑥 𝑦 , 0 < 𝑥 < 3,0 < 𝑦 < 5 is a pdf of X and Y.Find the
20. 0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 BTL -3 Applying
value of k.
21. Define Marginal probability density function of Y. BTL -1 Remembering
22. Let X be a continuous random variable having the pdf of BTL -4 Analyzing

6
 8𝑥𝑦 ,0 < 𝑥 < 𝑦 < 1
f(x)= { find marginal density function of X
0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
Define Conditional probability distribution function of X given
23. BTL -3 Applying
Y=y
Define Conditional probability distribution function of Y given
24. BTL -2 Understanding
X=x
The joint probability distribution of X and Y is given by f(x,y)= x+y
25. BTL -4 Analyzing
x = 0,1,2; y = 1, 2. Find the marginal probability distributions of X.
PART – B
If X, Y are RV’s having the joint density function
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑘(6– 𝑥– 𝑦),0 < 𝑥 < 2, 2 < 𝑦 < 4, Find
1. BTL -3 Applying
(𝑖) 𝑃(𝑥 < 1 , 𝑦 < 3 )(𝑖𝑖 ) 𝑃 (𝑥 < 1 /𝑦 < 3)
( 𝑖𝑖𝑖)𝑃( 𝑦 < 3/𝑥 < 1) 𝑖𝑣) 𝑃(𝑋 + 𝑌 < 3 )
𝑥+𝑦
The joint distribution of X and Y is given by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = ,
2.(a) 21 BTL -5 Evaluating
𝑥 = 1,2,3; 𝑦 = 1,2. Find the marginal distributions of X and Y.
If f(x)=3x2, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1 is the pdf of a continuous random variable
2.(b) BTL -5 Evaluating
,find k such that P(X > k)=0.05
The joint pdf of a two dimensional random variable (X, Y) is given
𝑥2
by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦 2 + 8
, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1. Compute
3. 1 1
BTL -3 Applying
(i) 𝑃 (𝑋 > 1 / 𝑌 < 2) (ii)𝑃 (𝑌 < 2 /𝑋 > 1 )
(iii) 𝑃(𝑋 + 𝑌) ≤ 1.
If the joint pdf of (X, Y) is given by P(x, y) = K(2x+3y), x=0, 1, 2,
4.(a) BTL -3 Applying
3, y = 1, 2, 3 Find all the marginal probability distribution.
The joint pdf of X and Y is given by
𝑘𝑥(𝑥 − 𝑦), 0 < 𝑥 < 2 , −𝑥 < 𝑦 < 𝑥
4.(b) f(x,y)={ BTL -3 Applying
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
(i)Find K (ii) Find𝑓𝑥 (𝑥) and 𝑓𝑦 (𝑦)
From the following table for bivariate distribution of (X, Y). Find
(i) 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 1)(ii)𝑃(𝑌 ≤ 3)(iii) 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 1, 𝑌 ≤ 3) (iv)𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 1/ 𝑌 ≤
3)(v) 𝑃(𝑌 ≤ 3/ 𝑋 ≤ 1) (vi)𝑃(𝑋 + 𝑌 ≤ 4)
Y
X 1 2 3 4 5 6

5. 1 2 2 3 BTL -3 Applying
0 0 0
32 32 32 32
1 1 1 1 1 1
1
16 16 8 8 8 8
1 1 1 1 2
2 0
32 32 64 64 64
The two dimensional random variable (X, Y) has the joint
𝑥+2𝑦
6.(a) probability mass function 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 27 , 𝑥 = 0,1,2; 𝑦 = 0,1,2. BTL -3 Applying
Find the conditional distribution of Y given X = 1 .
Find 𝑃(𝑋 < 𝑌/𝑋 < 2𝑌) if the joint pdf of(𝑋, 𝑌) is
6.(b) BTL -3 Applying
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 −(𝑥+𝑦) , 0 ≤ 𝑥 < ∞, 0 ≤ 𝑦 < ∞.
7. If the joint pdf of a two-dimensional RV(X,Y) is given by BTL -1 Remembering

7
 𝑥𝑦
𝑥2 + ; 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 0 < 𝑦 < 2 1
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { 3 . Find (i) 𝑃 (𝑋 > )
2
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
1 11 1
(ii) 𝑃(𝑌 < , 𝑋 < ) (iii)𝑃 (𝑌 < / 𝑋 < )
2 2 2 2

Given the joint pdf of X and Y is

8𝑥𝑦; 0 < 𝑥 < 𝑦 < 1
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = {
8.(a) 0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 BTL -4 Analyzing
Find the marginal probability distribution function of X and Y.Are
X and Y independent.
Find the Coefficient of Correlation between industrial production
and export using the following table :
8.(b) BTL -3 Applying
Production (X) 14 17 23 21 25
Export (Y) 10 12 15 20 23
If f(x,y) = 6  x  y , 0  x  2, , 2  y  4 for a bivariate random
9. 8 BTL -5 Evaluating
variable (X,Y), Find the correlation coefficient .
The joit pdf of the two dimensional random variable (X,Y) is given
𝑥3𝑦3
; 0 ≤ 𝑥, 𝑦 ≤ 2
by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { 16
10.(a) 0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 BTL -6 Creating
(i)Find the marginal densities of X and Y.
(ii)Prove that X and Y are independent.
Two random variables X and Y have the following joint probability
𝑥 + 𝑦; 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1
10.(b) density function 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { . Find the BTL -3 Applying
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
marginal density function of X and Y.
Find the correlation coefficient for the following heights of fathers
X, their sons Y and also find the equations of regression lines.
11. Hence find the height of son when the height of father is 71 BTL -4 Analyzing
X 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
Y 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71
The equation of two regression lines obtained by in a correlation
12 analysis is as follows: 3x + 12y = 19 , 3y + 9x =46. BTL -3 Applying
(i) Mean value of X&Y. (ii) Calculate the correlation coefficient.
Find the correlation coefficient for the following data
13. X 10 14 18 22 26 30 BTL -4 Analyzing
Y 18 12 24 6 30 36
The joint pdf of a two dimensional random variable (X, Y) is given
6
(𝑥+𝑦 2 ); 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1
14.(a) by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = {5 BTL -3 Applying
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
Obtain the marginal pdf of X and Y.
If X and Y have the joint pdf of
2 − 𝑥 − 𝑦; 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1
14.(b) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { BTL -3 Applying
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
Find the value of Variance (X).
The joint probability mass function of X and Y is given below
15. BTL -4 Analyzing

8
 Y X -1 1
0 1/8 3/8
1 2/8 2/8
Find the correlation coefficient of X and Y
The two lines of regression are 4x-5y+33=0 and
16. 20x-9y=107.Calculate the means of x and y and the coefficient of BTL -4 Analyzing
correlation between x and y. Also find σy if σx=2 and σx if σy=3.
Two random variables X and Y have the joint density function
17. 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑦, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1. Calculate the Correlation BTL -4 Analyzing
coefficient between X and Y.
𝑐𝑥 4 ; 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
The pdf of X is f(x)= {
18.(a) 0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 BTL -3 Applying
Find C and E(X).
The joint pdf a bivariate R.V(X, Y) is given by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) =
𝐾𝑥𝑦 , 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 0 < 𝑦 < 1
{
18.(b) 0 , 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 BTL -3 Applying
(i)Find K. (ii) Find P(X+Y<1). (iii)Are X and Y independent
R.V’s.
PART – C
The joint probability distribution of the random variables X and Y is
given below
Y
X 1 2 3 4 5 6

0 0 0 2K 4K 4K 6K
1. BTL -4 Analyzing
1 4K 4K 8K 8K 8K 8K
2 2K 2K K K 0 2K
Find (i)Value of K and marginal probability distribution of X and
Y (ii) 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 1)(iii)(𝑋 ≤ 1/𝑌 = 2)(iv) 𝑃(𝑋 < 3/ 𝑌 ≤ 4)
Two random variables X and Y have the following joint probability
𝑥 + 𝑦; 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1
2. density function 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { . BTL -4 Analyzing
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
Obtain the correlation coefficient between X and Y.
Find the correlation coefficient for the following data
3. X 22 26 29 30 31 31 34 35 BTL -2 Understanding
Y 20 20 21 29 27 24 27 31
From the following data , Find (i)The two regression equations
(ii) The coefficient of correlation between the marks in mathematics
and Statistics (iii) The most likely marks in Statistics when marks in
4. BTL -2 Understanding
Mathematics are 30
Marks in Maths : 25 28 35 32 31 36 29 38 34 32
Marks in Statistics: 43 46 49 41 36 32 31 30 33 39
Out of the two lines of regression given by 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5 = 0 and
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 8 = 0, which one is the regression line of X onY?
5. BTL -3 Applying
Use the equations to find the means of X and Y. If the variance of
X is 12, find the variance of Y.
9
UNIT III - RANDOM PROCESSES
Classification of random process – Stationary Classification of random process – Stationary
processes – Auto correlation function - Bernoulli process - Poisson process – Markov chain
Q.No. Question BT Level Competence

PART – A
1. Define Discrete Random Process with example. BTL1 Remembering
2. Define continuous random process, Give an example. . BTL1 Remembering
3. Define wide sense stationary process. BTL1 Remembering
4. State and two properties of Poisson process. BTL1 Remembering
5. What are the four types of a stochastic process? BTL1 Remembering
Consider the Markov chain with 2 states and transition probability
3 1
6 BTL5 Evaluating
matrix P   14 14  . Find the stationary probabilities of the chain.
 
2 2
The one-step transition probability matrix of a Markov chain with
0 1
7. states (0,1) is given by P    Check whether it is BTL6 Creating
1 0 .
irreducible Markov chain?
Find the transition matrix of the following transition diagram.

8 BTL6 Creating

Show that the random process X (t )  A cos(c t   ) is not

9. stationary if it is assumed that A and c are constants and  is a BTL3 Applying
uniformly distributed variable on the interval (0,).
10 Define Markov process. BTL2 Understanding
11. Define Poisson process BTL2 Understanding
Check whether the Markov chain with transition probability matrix
0 1 0
12. BTL4 Analyzing
𝑃 = [1/2 0 1/2] is irreducible or not?
0 1 0
Consider the random process X(t) = cos (t +  ), where  is
13.  2 2

uniform random variable in   ,  . Check whether the BTL5 Evaluating
process is stationary.
14. Define Strict Sense Stationary Process. BTL3 Applying
Find the mean of a stationary random process whose auto
15. 2 BTL2 Understanding
correlation function is given by R XX ( )  18 
6  2
16. Derive the auto correlation for a Poisson process with rate λ. BTL4 Analyzing
17. A random process X (t) = A sin t + B cos t where A and B are BTL3 Applying

10
 independent random variables with zero means and equal standard
deviations. Find the mean of the process.
18. Define a Markov chain. BTL1 Remembering
Find the mean of a stationary random process whose auto
19. 25Z 2  36 BTL -4 Analyzing
correlation function is given by R( Z ) 
2
6.25Z  4
0 1
Let A= [ ] be a stochastic matrix.Check whether it is
20. 1/2 1/2 BTL -3 Applying
regular.
Find the mean square value of the random process whose
21. 𝐴2 BTL -2 Understanding
autocorrelation is 2 cos(𝜔𝜏)
22. Define Bernoulli process . BTL -4 Analyzing
Distinguish between wide sense stationary and strict sense
23. BTL -3 Applying
stationary random process.
24. Write any two properties of Bernoulli process. BTL -2 Understanding
25. Define an Irreducible Markov Chain. BTL -4 Analyzing
PART – B
The process {X(t)} whose probability distribution under certain
 (at ) n 1
 , n  1, 2
 (1  at ) n 1
1. conditions is given by P{ X (t )  n}   Show BTL -3 Applying
 at
, n0

 (1  at )
that it is not stationary.
Show that the random process X(t) = A sin(t + ) is wide-sense
stationary process where A and  are constants and  is uniformly
2. BTL -5 Evaluating
distributed in
(0, 2).
The transition probability matrix of a Markov chain {Xn}, n =
 0.1 0.5 0.4
 
1,2,3, …. having 3 states 1,2 and 3 is P  0.6 0.2 0.2 and the
3. 0.3 0.4 0.3 BTL -3 Applying
initial distribution is
P(0) = (0.7, 0.2, 0.1). Evaluate i) P( X 2  3) ,
ii) P( X 3  2, X 2  3, X1  3, X 0  2)
Given that the random process X(t) = cos ( t + φ) where φ is a
1 −𝜋 𝜋
4.(a) random variable with density function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝜋 , 2 < 𝜑 < 2 BTL -3 Applying
.Check whether the process is stationary or not.
Consider a markov chain with the state space {0,1} and the TPM
1 0
P= [ ]
4.(b) 1/2 1/2 BTL -3 Applying
(i) Is the state 0 recurrent?.Explain
(ii) Is the state 1 transient?.Explain
5. Show that the random process X(t) = A cos ( t + ) is wide sense BTL -3 Applying

11
 stationary, if A and are constant and is a uniformly distributed
random variable in (0, 2).
Consider a random process X(t) = B cos (50 t + ) where B and
 are independent random variables. B is a random variable with
6.(a) BTL -3 Applying
mean 0 and variance 1.  is uniformly distributed in the interval
[-,]. Find the mean and auto correlation of the process.
Verify whether sine wave process X(t)=Y cos t ,where Y is
6.(b) BTL -3 Applying
uniformly distributed in the interval [0,1] is a SSS process.
The probability of a dry day following a rainy day is 1/3 and theat
the probability of a rainy day following a dry day is ½. Given that
7. BTL -1 Remembering
May 1st is a dry day. Find the probability that May 3rd is a dry day
also May 5th is a dry day.
Three boys A, B and C are throwing a ball to each other. A always
throws the ball to B and B always throws the ball to C but C is just
8. as likely to throw the ball to B as to A. Show that the process is BTL -4 Analyzing
Markovian. Find the transition probability matrix and classify the
states.
Let {Xn : n = 1,2,3 …… } be a Markov chain on the space S =
0 1 0
 
{1,2,3} with one step t.p.m P   1 2 0 1 2 
9. BTL -5 Evaluating
 1 0 0 
(i).Sketch the transition diagram (ii). Is the chain irreducible?
Explain.(iii)Is the chain ergodic? Explain.
An engineer analyzing a series of digital signals generated by at
testing system observes that only 1 out of 15 highly distorted
signal with no recognizable signal whereas 20 out of 23 recognized
10.(a) BTL -6 Creating
signals follow recognizable signals with no highly distorted signals
between. Given that only highly distorted signals are not
recognizable, find the fraction of signals that are highly distorted.
If the customers arrive in accordance with the Poisson process,
with rate of 2 per minute, Find the probability that the interval
10.(b) BTL -3 Applying
between 2 consecutive arrivals is (i) more than 1 minute,
(ii) between 1 and 2 minutes, (iii) less than 4 minutes.
Let {Xn, n= 0, 1, 2,3…..} be a markov chain with state space
0 1 0
11. S={0,1,2} and one step TPM 𝑃 = (1/4 1/2 1/4) BTL -4 Analyzing
0 1 0
(i)Is the chain ergodic? Explain. (ii)Find the invariant Probability
Check whether the Poisson process 𝑋(𝑡) given by the probability
12.(a) 𝑒 −𝑡 (𝑡)𝑛 BTL -3 Applying
law 𝑃{𝑋(𝑡) = 𝑛} = , 𝑛 = 0,1,2, ⋯is stationary or not.
𝑛!
A salesman’s territory consists of three regions A, B, C. He never
sells in the same region on successive days. If he sells in region
A, then the next day he sells in B. However, if he sells either B or
12.(b) BTL -3 Applying
C, then the next day he is twice as likely to sell in A as in the other
region. Explain How often does he sell in each of the regions in
the steady state?

12
 Show that the random process 𝑋(𝑡) = 𝐴 cos(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜃) is not
13. stationary if 𝐴and 𝜔 are constants and 𝜃 is uniformly distributed BTL -4 Analyzing
random variable in (0, 𝜋).
Consider a Markov chain chain {Xn, n= 0, 1, 2,…..} having states
4 6
 
space S={ 1,2} and one step TPM P  10 10  .
8 2
14.   BTL -3 Applying
10 10 
(1) Draw a transition diagram (2)Is the chain irreducible?
(3) Is the state -1 ergodic? Explain (4) Is the chain ergodic?
Explain
Consider the random process Y(t) = X(t) cos(ω0t+θ), where X(t) is
wide sense stationary process, θ is a Uniformly distributed R.V.
15. BTL -4 Analyzing
over (-π, π) and ω0 is a constant. It is assumed that X(t)and θ are
independent. Show that Y(t) is a wide sense stationary.
16.(a) Find the mean and autocorrelation of the Poisson processes BTL -4 Analyzing
At an intersection, a working traffic light will be out of order the
next day with probability 0.07, and an out of order traffic light will
16.(b) BTL -3 Applying
be working on the next day with probability 0.88. Find the state
space and tpm. Also find P(X2=1).
Consider the Markov chain {Xn, n= 0, 1, 2,3…..} having 3 states
0 1 0
 
space S={1,2,3} and one step TPM P   1 2 0 1 2  and initial
17.  0 1 0  BTL -4 Analyzing
probability distribution P(X0=i)=1/3 ,i= 1,2,3. Compute
(1) P(X3=2. X2=1,X1=2/X0=1) (2) P(X3=2, X2=1/X1=2,X0=1)
(3) P(X2=2/X0=2) (4)Invariant Probabilities of the Markov Chain.
Suppose the customers arrive in a bank according to the Poisson
process, with a mean rate of 3 per minute, Find the probability
18.(a) BTL -3 Applying
that during a time interval 0f 2 minute
(i)Exactly 4 customers arrive and (ii) more than 4 customers arrive
Prove that the sum of two independent Poisson process is a
18.(b) BTL -3 Applying
Poisson process.
PART – C
The transition probability matrix of a Markov process{Xn}, n =
1,2,3, …. having 3 states 0,1 and 2 is
3/4 1/4 0
𝑃 = (1/4 1/2 1/4) and the initial distribution is
1. BTL -4 Analyzing
0 3/4 1/4
(0)
P = (1/3, 1/3, 1/3). Evaluate
(i) P(X3=2/ X2=1) (ii) P(X2=2, X1=1,X0=2)
(iii) P(X3=1, X2=2,X1=1, X0=2) (iv) P(X2=2)
A man either drives a car or catches a train to go to office each
day. He never goes 2 days in a row by train but if he drives one
2. BTL -4 Analyzing
day, then the next day he is just as likely to drive again as he is to
travel by train. Now suppose that on the first day of the week, the

13
 man tossed a fair die and drove to work if and only if 6 appeared.
Find (i) the probability that he takes a train on the third day
(ii) the probability that he drives to work in the long run.
A machine goes out of order whenever a component fails. The
failure of this part follows a Poisson process with mean rate of 1
per week. Find the probability that 2 weeks have a elapsed since
3. last failure. If there are 5 spare parts of this component in an BTL -2 Understanding
inventory and that the next supply is not due in 10 weeks, find the
probability that the machine will not be out of order in the next 10
weeks.
A fair die is tossed repeatedly. If Xn denotes the maximum of the
numbers occurring in the first n tosses, find the transition
4. BTL -2 Understanding
probability matrix P of the Markov chain {Xn}. Find also
2
P{X2= 6} and P .
Suppose the probability of a dry day following a rainy day is 1/3
and that the probability of a rainy day following a dry day
5. BTL -3 Applying
is1/2.Given that may 1 is a dry day .Find the probability that
(i)May 3 is a dry day and (ii) May 5 is a dry day
UNIT IV - TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS
Sampling distributions - Estimation of parameters and interval estimation - Statistical hypothesis - Large
sample tests based on Normal distribution for single mean and difference of means -Tests based on t,
Chi-square and F distributions for mean, variance and proportion - Contingency table (test for
independent) - Goodness of fit.
Q.No. Question BT
Competence
Level
PART – A
1. Define the following terms (i)Statistic, (ii)parameter BTL -1 Remembering
2. What are null and alternate hypothesis? BTL -1 Remembering
3. Mention the various steps involved in testing of hypothesis. BTL -1 Remembering
What is the essential difference between confidence limits and tolerance
4. BTL -1 Remembering
limits?
5. What are the parameters and statistics in sampling BTL -1 Remembering
6 State level of significance. BTL -1 Remembering
7. Define standard error BTL -2 Understanding
8 Define Hypothesis BTL -2 Understanding
9. Define Null hypothesis BTL -2 Understanding
10 What is the assumption before applying t-test for equality of two means? BTL -2 Understanding
Write down the formula of test statistic ‘t’ to test the significance of
11. BTL -3 Applying
difference between the means.
12. What are the applications of t-test? BTL -3 Applying
2
13. State any two applications of ψ -test. BTL -6 Creating
14. Write the application of ‘F’ test. BTL -4 Analyzing
15. Define ‘F’ variate. BTL -4 Analyzing
16. What are the properties of “F” test? BTL -3 Applying
17. What is the assumption of t-test? BTL -5 Evaluating
Write the formula for the chi- square test of goodness of fit of a random
18. BTL -5 Evaluating
sample to a hypothetical distribution.
19. Give the main use of ψ2 -test BTL -6 Creating

14
 What are the expected frequencies of 2x2 contingency table?
20. a b BTL -4 Analyzing
c d
21. What is a test of hypothesis? BTL -2 Understanding
22. Define Type-I and Type-II errors BTL -4 Analyzing
23. Define one tailed and two tailed test BTL -3 Applying
Write down 1% and 5% level critical values for both two tailed and one
24. BTL -2 Understanding
tailed large sample tests
Write down the test statistic for checking the equality of two population
25. BTL -4 Analyzing
means using smll samples.
PART – B
A simple sample of heights of 6400 Englishmen has a mean of 170cms
and a standard deviation of 6.4cms, while a simple sample of heights of
1. 1600 Americans has a mean of 172 cm and a standard deviation of BTL -3 Applying
6.3cms. Do the data indicate that Americans are, on the average, taller
than Englishmen?
A sample of 100 students is taken from a large population. The mean BTL -1
height of the students in this sample is 160cms. Can it be reasonably Remembering
2.(a)
regarded that this sample is from a population of mean 165 cm and
standard deviation 10 cm?
Test of fidelity and selectivity of 190 radio receivers produced the results
shown in the following table
Fidelity
Selectivity Low Average High
Low 6 12 32 BTL -1 Remembering
2.(b)
Average 33 61 18
High 13 15 0
Use 0.01 level of significance to test whether there is a relationship
between fidelity and selectivity.
Given the following table for hair color and eye color, identify the value
of Chi-square. Is there good association between hair color and eye
color?
Hair color
Fair Brown Black Total BTL -1 Remembering
3.
Eye Blue 15 5 20 40
color Grey 20 10 20 50
Brown 25 15 20 60
Total 60 30 60 150
A standard sample of 200 tins of coconut oil gave an average weight of
4.(a) 4.95 kg with a standard deviation of 0.21 kg. Do we accept that the net BTL -3 Applying
weight is 5 kg per tin at 5% level of significance?
A sample of 20 items has mean 42 units and standard deviation 5 units
4.(b) test the hypothesis that it is a random sample from a normal population BTL -3 Applying
with mean 45 units

15
 Two independent samples of sizes 8 and 7 contained the following
values.

5. BTL -3 Applying
Sample I 19 17 15 21 16 18 16 14
Sample II 15 14 15 19 15 18 16
Test if the two populations have the same mean.
A group of 10 rats fed on diet A and another group of 8 rats fed on diet
B, Recorded the following increase the following increase in
weight.(gm)
6.(a) BTL -3 Applying
Diet A 5 6 8 1 12 4 3 9 6 10
Diet B 2 3 6 8 10 1 2 8 - -
Find the variances are significantly different. (Use F-test)
The marks obtained by a group of 9 regular course students and another
group of 11 part time course students in a test are given below :
Sample I 56 62 63 54 60 51 67 69 58
6.(b) BTL -3 Applying
Sample II 62 70 71 62 60 56 75 64 72 68 66

Examine whether the marks obtained by regular students and part-time

students differ significantly at 5% levels of significance.

Sample I 9 11 13 11 15 9 12 14
Sample II 10 12 10 14 9 8 10
7. Two independent samples of 8 and 7 items respectively had the BTL -1 Remembering
following Values of the variable (weight in kgs.) Use 0.05 LOS
To test whether the variances of the two population’s sample are equal.

A sample of 200 persons with a particular disease was selected. Out of

these, 100 were given a drug and the others were not given any drug.
The result are as follows:
Number of persons Drug No drug Total
8. BTL -4 Analyzing
Cured 65 55 120
Not cured 35 45 80
Total 100 100 200
Test whether the drug is effective or not?
In a certain factory there are two independent processes manufacturing
the same item. The average weight in a sample of 250 items produced
from one process is found to be 120 Ozs, with a standard deviation of 12
9. BTL -5 Evaluating
Ozs, while the corresponding figures in a sample of 400 items from the
other process are 124 and 14. Is the difference between the two sample
means significant?
The nicotine content in milligram of two samples of toboco where found
to be as follows
10. Sample 1 24 27 26 21 25 BTL -6 Creating
Sample 2 27 30 28 31 22 36
Can it be said that this samples where from normal population with the
16
 same mean.
Records taken of the number of male and female births in 800 families
having four Children are as follows :
Number of male births :0 1 2 3 4
Number of female births :4 3 2 1 0
11. BTL -4 Analyzing
Number of Families : 32 178 290 236 64
Infer whether the data are consistent with the hypothesis that the
binomial law holds the chance of a male birth is equal to female birth,
namely p = ½ = q.
Certain pesticide is packed in to bags by a machine .A random sample
of 10 bags is drawn and their contents are found to weigh(in kg) as
12. BTL -3 Applying
follows 50,49,52,44,44,45,48,46,45,49,45 .Test if the average packing
can be taken to be 50kg.
A survey of 320 families with 5 children each revealed the following
distribution
Boys 5 4 3 2 1 0
13. Girls 0 1 2 3 4 5 BTL -4 Analyzing
Families 14 56 110 88 40 12
Is this result consistent with the hypothesis that male and female births
are equally probable?
The following data gives the number of aircraft accidents that occurred
during the various days of a week. Find whether the accidents are
14. uniformly distributed over the week BTL -3 Applying
Days Sun Mon Tues Wed Thu Fri Sat
No.of accidents 14 16 08 12 11 9 14
Two random samples gave the following results:
Sum of squares of
Sample Size Sample mean
deviation from the mean
15. 1 10 15 90 BTL -4 Analyzing
2 12 14 108
Analyze whether the samples have come from the same normal
population.
Test if the difference in the means is significant for the following data
16. Sample I: 76 68 70 43 94 68 33 BTL -4 Analyzing
Sample II: 40 48 92 85 70 76 68 22
Mechanical engineers testing a new arc welding technique, classified
welds both with respect to appearance and an X-ray inspection
X-ray/Appearance Bad Normal Good
17. Bad 20 7 3 BTL -4 Analyzing
Normal 13 51 16
Good 7 12 21
Test for independence using 0.05 level of significance.
The nicotine content in milligram of two samples of tobacco where
found to be as follows, test the significant difference between means of
18. the two samples. BTL -3 Applying
Sample I 21 24 25 26 27 -
Sample II 22 27 28 30 31 36

17
 PART – C
Random samples drawn from two places gave the following data relating
to the heights of male adults:
Place A Place B
1. Mean height (in inches) 68.50 65.50 BTL -4 Analyzing
S.D ( in inches) 2.5 3.0
No. of adut males in sample 1200 1500
Test at 5 % level, that the mean height is the same for adults in the two
places.
Samples of two types of electric bulbs were tested for length of life and
following data were obtained.
Type I Type II
Sample Size 8 7
2. BTL -4 Analyzing
Sample Mean 1234hrs 1036hrs
Sample S.D 36hrs 40hrs
Analyze that, is the difference in the means sufficient to warrant that
type I is superior to type II regarding the length of life?
5 coins were tossed 320 times. The number of heads observed is given
below :

3. No. of heads 0 1 2 3 4 5 BTL -2 Understanding

Observed
15 45 85 95 60 20
frequencies
Examine whether the coin is unbiased .Use 5% level of significance.
The theory predicts that the population of beans in the four groups A, B,
C and D should be 9:3:3:1. In an experiment among 1600 beans, the
4. BTL -2 Understanding
number in the four groups was 882,313,287 and 118. Do the
experimental results support the survey?
The following data relate to the marks obtained by 11 students in two
tests one before and the other after an intensive coaching .Do the data
5. indicate that the students have benifitted by coaching? BTL -3 Applying
Test I : 19 23 16 24 17 18 20 18 21 19 20
Test II: 17 24 20 24 20 22 20 20 18 22 19
UNIT V - DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
One way and two way classifications - Completely randomized design – Randomized block design – Latin
square design
Q.No. Question BT
Competence
Level
PART – A
1. What is the aim of design of experiments? BTL -1 Remembering
2. Write the basic assumptions in analysis of variance. BTL -1 Remembering
3. When do you apply analysis of variance technique? BTL -1 Remembering
4. Define Replication. BTL -1 Remembering
5. Define Randomization. BTL -1 Remembering
6 Define Local control. BTL -1 Remembering
7. What is meant by tolerance limits? BTL -2 Understanding
8 What is a completely randomized design. BTL -2 Understanding

18
9. Explain the advantages of a Latin square design? BTL -2 Understanding
What are the basic elements of an Completely Randomized Experimental BTL -2 Understanding
10
Design?
11. Demonstrate the purpose of blocking in a randomized block design? BTL -3 Applying
12. Manipulate the Basic principles of the design of experiment? BTL -3 Applying
13. Why a 2x2 Latin square is not possible? Explain. BTL -3 Applying
Demonstrate main advantage of Latin square Design over Randomized BTL -4 Analyzing
14.
Block Design?
15. Analyze the advantages of the Latin square design over the other design. BTL -4 Analyzing
16. Write any two differences between RBD and LSD. BTL -4 Analyzing
17. What is ANOVA? BTL -5 Evaluating
18. What are the uses of ANOVA? BTL -5 Evaluating
19. Define experimental error. BTL -6 Creating
20. Write any two advantages of RBD over CRD. BTL -4 Analyzing
21. Write the basic design of experiments BTL -2 Understanding
22. Write the ANOVA table for RBD BTL -4 Analyzing
23. Write merits of RBD BTL -3 Applying
24. Write the ANOVA table for CRD BTL -2 Understanding
25. Write the ANOVA table for Latin Square Design BTL -4 Analyzing
PART – B
The accompanying data resulted from an experiment comparing the
degree of soiling for fabric copolymerized with the 3 different mixtures of BTL -1
met acrylic acid. Analyze the classification. Remembering
1.
Mixture 1 : 0.56 1.12 0.90 1.07 0.94
Mixture 2 : 0.72 0.69 0.87 0.78 0.91
Mixture 3 : 0.62 1.08 1.07 0.99 0.93
The following table shows the lives in hours of four brands of electric
lamps brand
A: 1610, 1610, 1650, 1680, 1700, 1720, 1800
B: 1580, 1640, 1640, 1700, 1750
2. BTL -5 Evaluating
C: 1460, 1550, 1600, 1620, 1640, 1660, 1740, 1820
D: 1510, 1520, 1530, 1570, 1600, 1680
Identify an analysis of variance and test the homogeneity of the mean
lives of the four brands of lamps.
In order to determine whether the significant difference in the durability
of 3makes of computers, samples of size 5 are selected from each make
and the frequency of repair during the first year of purchase is observed.
The results are as follows: In view of the above data, what conclusion can
you draw? Makes
3. A B C BTL -3 Applying
5 8 7
6 10 3
8 11 5
9 12 4
7 4 1
Five doctors each test five treatments for a certain disease and observe
4. the number of days each patient takes to recover. The results are as BTL -3 Applying
follows (recovery time in days)

19
 Treatment
Doctor 1 2 3 4 5
A 10 14 23 18 20
B 11 15 24 17 21
C 9 12 20 16 19
D 8 13 17 17 20
E 12 15 19 15 22
Estimate the difference between (a) doctors and(b)treatments for the
above data at 5% level.
Perform a 2-way ANOVA on the data given below:
Treatment 1
1 2 3
1 30 26 38
5. 2 24 29 28 BTL -3 Applying
Treatment 2 3 33 24 35
4 36 31 30
5 27 35 33
Use the coding method subtracting 30 from the given no.
A chemist wishes to test the effect of four chemical agents on the
strength of a particular type of cloth. Because there might be
variability from one bolt to another , the chemist decides to use a
randomized block design ,with the bolts of cloth consider as blocks
,she selects five bolts and applies all four chemical in random order
to each bolt, The resulting tensile strength follows
BOLT
6. BTL -3 Applying
1 2 3 4 5
1 73 68 74 71 67
2 73 67 75 72 70
CHEMICAL
3 75 68 78 73 68
4 73 71 75 75 69
Does the tensile strength depend on chemical? Test at 10% level of
significance.
A latin square design was used to compare the bond strength of gold
semiconductor lead wires bounded to the lead terminal by five different
methods A, B, C, D & E. The bonds were made by five different
operators and the device were encapsulated using five different plastics.
With the following result ,expressed as pounds of force required to break
the bond
7. Plastics/ operator 1 2 3 4 5 BTL -1 Remembering
1 A3 B2.4 C1.9 D2.2 E1.7
2 B2.1 C2.7 D2.3 E2.5 A3.1
3 C2.1 D2.6 E2.5 A2.9 B2.1
4 D2.0 E2.5 B3.2 B2.5 C2.2
5 E2.1 A3.6 B2.4 C2.4 D2.1
Analyze these results and test with .01 level of significance.
The following data resulted from an experiment to compare three burners
8. A, B, C. A Latin square design was used as the tests were made on 3 BTL -3 Applying
engines and were spread over 3 days.

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 A 16 B 17 C 20
B 16 C 21 A 15
C 15 A 12 B 13
Test the hypothesis and infer that there is no difference between the
burners.
A farmer wishes to test the effects of four different fertilizers A,B,C, Don
the yield of Wheat. In order to eliminate sources of error due to
variability in soil fertility, he uses the fertilizers, in a Latin square
arrangement a syndicated in the following table, where the numbers
indicate yields per unit area.
A18 C21 D25 B11
9. BTL -5 Evaluating
D22 B12 A15 C19
B15 A20 C23 D24
C22 D21 B10 A17
Design an analysis
22 of variance
21 to determine
10 if there
17 is a significant
difference between the fertilizers at α=0.05 and α=0.01 levels of
significance.
Set up the analysis of variance for the following results of a Latin Square
Design(use α = 0.01) level of significance
A12 C19 B10 D8
10. C18 B12 D6 A7 BTL -3 Applying
B22 D10 A5 C21
D12 A7 C27 B17
In a 5x5 Latin square experiment, the data collected is given in the matrix
below Yield per plot is given in quintals for the five different cultivation
treatments A, B, C,D and E. Perform the analysis of variance.
A48 E66 D56 C52 B61
11. BTL -4 Analyzing
D64 B62 A50 E64 C63
B69 A53 C60 D61 E67
C57 D58 E67 B65 A55
E67 C57 B66 A60 D57
In a Latin square experiment given below are the yields in quintals per
acre on the paddy crop carried out for testing the effect of five fertilizers
A, B, C, D, E. Analyze the data for variations.
B25 A18 E27 D30 C27
12. BTL -3 Applying
A19 D31 C29 E26 B23
C28 B22 D33 A18 E27
E28 C26 A20 B25 D33
D32 E25 B23 C28 A20
The following are the number of mistakes made in 5 successive days by
four technicians working for a photographic laboratory. Test whether the
difference among the four sample means can be attributed to chance. Test
at a level of significance α = 0.01.
13. Technician BTL -4 Analyzing
I II III IV
6 14 10 9
14 9 12 12

21
 10 12 7 8
8 10 15 10
11 14 11 11
A random sample is selected from each of three makes of ropes and their
breaking strength (in pounds) are measured with the following results
Sample I : 70 72 75 80 83
14. BTL -3 Applying
Sample II : 100 110 108 112 113 120 107
Sample III: 60 65 57 84 87 73
Test whether the breaking strength of the ropes differs significantly?
The table below gives the yields per hectare of a certain variety of paddy
in a particular type of soil treated with manures A,B and C.Analyse the
results for manure effects
15. BTL -4 Analyzing
A 49 50 48 49
B 48 48 49 47
C 50 50 51 49
If A,B,C represent the fertilizer treatment, as in the previous problem ,test
for the difference between the treatment at 0.05 level of significance
16. A75 B78 C80 BTL -3 Applying
C81 A76 B79
B73 C75 A77
A completely randomized design experiment with 10 plots and three
treatments gave the results given in the following table
Treatment Replications
17. BTL -4 Analyzing
A 5 7 1 3
B 4 4 7
C 3 1 5
Four farmers each used four types of manures for a crop(area and other
considerations are same) and obtained the yields (in quintals) as below
farmer manures
18. s
A 22 16 21 12 BTL -3 Applying
B 23 17 19 13
C 21 14 18 11
D 22 15 19 10
PART – C
A set of data involving 4 tropical food stuffs A, B, C, D tried on 20 chicks
is given below. All the 20 chicks are treated alike in all respects except
the feeding treatments and each feeding treatment is given to 5 chicks.
Analyze the data:
1. BTL -4 Analyzing
A 55 49 42 21 52
B 61 112 30 89 63
C 42 97 81 95 92
D 169 137 169 85 154
A company appoints 4 salesmen A, B, C and D and observes their sales in
3 seasons, summer winter and monsoon. The figures are given in the
following table:
2. BTL -4 Analyzing
Salesmen
Season 1 2 3 4
Summer 45 40 28 37
22
 Winter 43 41 45 38
Monsoon 39 39 43 41
Carry out an Analysis of variances.
A variable trial was conducted on wheat with 4 varieties in a Latin square
design. The plan of the experiment and the per plot yield are given below.
C25 B23 A20 D20
3. BTL -2 Understanding
A19 D19 C21 B18
B19 A14 D17 C20
D17 C20 B21 A15
A laboratory technician measures the breaking strength of each of five
kinds of linen threads by using four different measuring instruments, and
obtain the following results.
Instruments
I1 I2 I3 I4
4. 1 20.9 20.4 19.9 21.9 BTL -2 Understanding
2 25 26.2 27.0 24.8
3 25.5 23.1 21.5 24.4
Thread

4 24.8 21.2 23.5 25.7

5 19.6 21.2 22.1 22.1
Perform a 2-way ANOVA using the 0.05 level of significance.
Three machines A,B,C gave the production of pieces in four days as
below . Is there a significant difference between machines
5. A 17 16 14 13 BTL -3 Applying
B 15 12 19 18
C 20 8 11 17

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