d) hareru (clear up) Ashita , tenisu 0 shimashé. Git clears up tomorrow, let's play tennis.) Culture and Life Gomidashi TA SL (Taking out the trash) At the beginning of the episode of Yan's Story, Yan carried a big garbage bag with him when he came out of his house in the morning as he left for work. In Japan, people gener- ally have to put out their garbage themselves, leaving it at designated locations on speci- fied days, and dividing it into “burnable (regular) garbage,” *non-burnable garbage,” and “large garbage.” Even with these measures in place, problems related to garbage dis- posal have increased in recent years. This is due to an increase in industrial waste, the increased use of paper in offices and homes, a surfeit of plastic containers, and an increase in over-size refuse such as electrical appliances and furniture. dispose of garbage. Workers collecting garbage. Lesson 39 —V7Words and Phrases to Remember kuni < (¢ (country) hairu |£v>% (go over) ja-en-dama |) @ 4 2 AZ ¥(ten-yen coin) kasu #T (lend) yaru *% (perform) hareru (24.4 (clear up) hasami It & 4 (scissors) Useful Verb Forms (be) aru (enter /go over) hairu (rain) furu (clear up) hareru (do) suru (come) kuru Answers a) haittara 6) futtara c) haretara d) kitara x a) attara 6) futtara c) attara d) haretara 178 — borupen *— 1-87 (ball-point pen) “ta” form atta haitta futta hareta shita kita furu 4.4 (fall) jikan UA, (time) -tara attara haittara futtara haretara shitara kitara Lesson 39LESSON 40 What’s New? From Yan’s Story Takahashi: Okada-san ne, kondo kekkonsuru s6 desu yo. Yan: Okada-san ga kekkon. .. ? Hara: Chotto, chotto, Takahas dame desu yo. Takahashi: E, nande? Hara: Okada-san no koto, Yan-san ni iecha dame desu yo. Notes Takahashi lets slip some news which shocks Yan. kondo (soon) kekkonsuru (get married) ~86 (it seems) chotto (hey finformal) dame (no good) nande? (why? informal) ~no koto (the news about ~) iecha (iu: tell) It seems that Miss Okada is going to get married soon. Miss Okada, married... ? Hey, hey, Takahashi-san, you mustn't. . What? Why? You mustn't tell Yan the news about Miss Okada. Yan-san ni iccha dame desu yo. (You mustn't tell Yan.) -cha dame desu means “you mustn’ Lesson 40 lo something. In the above example, Mr. Hara uses —179this pattern to scold Mr. Takahashi for telling Yan the news about Miss Okada’s forth- coming marriage. You can also use this pattern for warning someone in cases of emergency: Eg. Wataccha dame desu yo! (You mustn't cross here!) (see Further Example 3, below) However, since -cha dame desu has quite a strong connotation of prohibition, you should not use it towards your “superiors.” To use this pattern, you need to remember the -te form of a verb and replace -te with -cha. -te -cha (ell) iw > itte — iccha Iccha_|dame desu yo. (You mustn't tel) (park) tomeru — tomete — tomecha [Tomecha]dame desu yo. (You mustn't park.) (do) suru - shite — shicha Shicha |dame desu yo. (You mustn't do.) (enter) hairu —* haitte — haiccha Haiccha | dame desu yo. (You mustn't enter.) Further Examples 1. In the street. haiccha (+hairu: enter) Hora. (Look.) are (that) Démo sumimasen. (I'm sorry.) Kodama: Haiccha dame desu yo! You mustn't enter here! Driver: E? What? Kodama [Pointing at the “no entry” sign.lt Hora, are, are. See, that, that. Driver: A, domo sumimasen. Oh, I'm sorry. Kodama: Haiccha dame desu yo. You mustn't enter here! 180 — Lesson 402. In the street. Policeman: Koko, tomecha dame desu yo. Driver: E? Policeman (Pointing at the “no parking” sign.) Hora, are. Tomecha dame desu yo. Driver: A, domo sumimasen. 3. In the street. Kodama: A, wataccha dame desu yo! (Holding the man back.} Hora, ne, kore. [Pointing at the “no pedestrian crossing” sign. Wataccha dame desu yo. Elderly man: A, arigaté gozaimasu. Lesson 40 You mustn't park here. What? Look at that. You mustn't park here, Oh, I’m sorry. wataccha («-wataru: cross) Oh, you mustn't cross! Look at this, see? You mustn't cross here, Oh, thank you very much, —181Variation From Yan’s Story Yan’s colleagues welcome Yan when he returns to work after his illness. Goshinpai o kakemashita. (Thank you for caring. [literally (I'm sorry} I made you worried.]) daijobu (all right) demo (but) murishicha («-murisuru: overdo it) Kuwata: Yan-san, mé ii n desu ka? Yan, are you okay? Yan: Hai, goshinpai o kakemashita. Yes, thank you for caring. Mo daijébu desu. Im all right now. Saité: S6 desu ka. Demo Yan-san, Really? But Yan, you mustn't overdo it. murishicha dame desu yo. Notes Murishicha dame desu yo. ( You mustn't overdo it.) You can also use -cha dame desu yo for encouraging or showing consideration for some- one, as in the above example. 182 — Lesson 40Further Example After a marathon. Koyanagi: Kodama-san, ki ga tsukimashita ne. Andé: Daijobu desu ka? Kodama: &, okagesamade, daibu raku ni narimashita. Koyanagi: Yokatta desu ne Demo, mada okicha dame desu yo. Yukkuri yasunde kudasai ne. Kodama: Hai, arigaté gozaimasu. Over to You! ki ga tsukimashita (—ki ga tsuku: come to) Daijébu desu ka? (Are you all right?) okagesamade (thank you [literally, thanks to you) daibu (much) raku ni narimashita (“raku ni naru: get better) Yokatta desu ne. (That's good.) demo (but) mada (not yet) okicha (*-okiru: get up) yukkuri (calmly /slowly) yasunde (*-yasumu: take a rest) Oh, Kodama-san, you came to. Are you alll right? Yes, thank you, I got much better. That's good. But, you mustn't get up yet. Take a good rest. Yes. Thanks very much. 1. Change the verbs into their appropriate forms. Ex. hairu jenter) haitte a) tomeru (park) tomete ) sawaru (touch) sawatte ©) okiru (get up) Lesson 40 LYadcchac dame desu. (You mustn't enter) dame desu. (You mustn't park.) dame desu. (You mustn't touch.) dame desu, (You mustn't get up.) — 183d) murisuru (overdo it) - dame desu. (You mustn't overdo it) e) shimeru (close) dame desu. (You mustn't close.) P) aruku (walk) dase desu. (You mustn't wath.) 2, Tell someone not to do something. tomeru (park) a) sawaru (touch) —> Tomecha dame desu yo. (You mustn't park.) 6) suwaru (it) ¢) hairu (enter) 184 — Lesson 40Now, encourage or show your consideration for someone, using -cha dame desu yo in the following situations. @) okiru (get up) e) murisuru (overdo it) Lesson 40 — 185Culture and Life Yatai “77> (Food-and-drink stall) A yatai is an outdoor food-and-drink stall that can be moved from place to place by its owner. The one we saw in Yan's Story is an odenyatai (selling oden: a variety of stewed foodstuffs, mostly vegetables), but stalls selling Chinese noodles, or ramen, are also common. Yatai are especially A typical odenyatai. common in busy entertainment districts. Yakezake P(t &''t (Desperation drinking) Drowning one’s sorrows in drink, as we saw Yan attempting to do in the program, is referred to as yakezake in Japanese (literally, “desperation drinking”). It is not uncom- mon for people who are usually quiet by day to become noisy once they've had a few drinks, or sometimes even become obstreperous and make a nuisance of themselves. Yan appears to have gone a bit too far in assimilating this aspect of Japanese culture! Words and Phrases to Remember kekkonsuru It © A$ 4 (get married) iu \>5 (tell) tomeru £ % 4 (park) wataru /: (cross) murisuru ¢ !) $4 (overdo it) okiru 4 & 4 (get up) sawaru 3b (touch) aruku 4% <¢ (walk) akirameru 4 & 5% 4 (give up) 186 — Lesson 40Useful Verb Forms (enter) hairu (turn) magaru Git suwaru (ouch) sawaru (cross) wataru (close) shimeru (get up) okira (park) tomer (overdo) murisuru oath) aruku Answers 1. a) Tomecha b) Sawaecha ©) okite Okicha d) murishite Murishicha e) shimete Shimecha f) aruite Aruicha 2. a) Sawaccha dame desu yo. ) Suwaccha dame desu yo. c) Haiccha dame desu yo. d) Okicha dame desu yo. e) Murishicha dame desu yo. ) Aruicha dame desu yo. g) Akiramecha dame desu yo. Lesson 40 form haitte magatte suwatte sawatte watatte shimete okite tomete murishite aruite (ou mustn't touch.) (You mustn't sit) (ou mustn't enter) (You mustn't get up.) (You mustn't overdo it.) (You mustn't walk.) (You mustn't give up.) -cha haiccha magaccha suwaccha sawaccha wataccha shimecha okicha tomecha murishicha aruicha —187EPISODE TWENTY-ONE HE DOESN'T SEEM TO BE IN. (For Lessons 41 & 42) @Synopsis The episode begins with Yan’s colleague, Inoue, expressing her worry about Yan, who has failed to turn up at the office, and trying to call him at home. But Yan doesn’t even answer the phone. Encouraged by his neighbor, Terada, Yan finally does show up at the university, but he has lost his desire to send the finished design to his home country. Finally, Inoue persuades him to send it. Seeing all this, Kuwata and Saito invite Yan to a disco to try to cheer him up. But at the disco, Yan just sits alone, staring at the happy dancers with a blank expression on his face. @Transcription Dai Nisticut WA EPISODE TWENTY-ONE: INAI MITAI DESU NE. HE DOESN'T SEEM TO BE IN Shin ‘agure no daigaku kénai Scene 1: College campus at dusk Shin 2: Daigaku no kenkyashitsu Scene 2: College office Inoue: Totd Yan-san kyo mo konakatta desu ne, Sait: &. Sakki mo apato ni denwa o shita n desu, Demo, rusu mitai na n desu. Inoue: Okada-san no kekkon ga shokku datta n desu ne. Inoue: So, Yan never did come today either, hub? Sait6: That's right. I called his apartment a while ago, but he seems to be out Inoue: He must've been pretty shocked about Okada-san’s marriage. 188 — Erisope TWENTY-ONESaité: B. Inoue: Mé ichido denwashitemimash6 ka? Saité: E, ima nara iru kamoshiremasen yo. (@rnoue picks up the phane on the desk and dfs, The phone rings but no one answers.) Inoue: Un, inai mitai desu ne. Shin 3: Yan no heya (Yan is ving in the kotatsy. the phone is ringing but he doesn’t answer it) @loshback scene) Kyaku: Nan dai! Nihon-go ga chotto dekiru to omotte! Nan dai! Nihon-go ga chotto dekiru to omotte! Shin 4; Oto no nai yoru no Sumidagawa (A train passes by across the rollway bridge.) Shin 5: Yan no heya (The sound of a stew pot bubbling away.) Terada: Yan-sen, kono hen nietemasu yo. Dondon tabete kudasai. Yan: &, arigaté. (Yan doesn’t touch the food, but keeps on drink- ing beer.) (Terada pours some more beer into Yan's glass) Sait6: Yeah. Inoue: Shall we try calling again? Saité: Yeah, maybe he'll be home by now. (inoue picks up the phone on the desk and alats. The phone rings but no one answers.) Inoue: Hmm, he doesn’t seem to be home. Scene 3: Yan’s apartment (Yan is Wing in the kotatsu. The phone is ringing buthe doesn't answer it) (Flashback scene) Customer [at the oden stand): Huh! Just because you think you can speak a little Japanese, .. | Huh! Just because you think you can speak a little Japanese. ..! Scene 4: A quiet night on the Sumida River (A train passes by across the railway bridge.) Scene 5: Yan's apartment (he sound of a stew pot bubbiIng away.) Terada: Yan, these are ready. Go ahead and have some. Yan: Uh-huh, thanks. (Yan doesn’t touch the food, but keeps on drink- jing beer) (Teracla pours some more beer into Yan's glass.) Episope TWENTY-ONE — 189Terada: Sono kyaku ga sonna koto ittan desu ka? Yan: &. Shokku deshita. Terada: Demo, Yan-san wa hajimete desh6, sonna koto. Yan: £. Terada: Boku wa sonna iikata, m6 nare- mashita yo.“Kok6-de", “kdin” tte ne. Dakara koko de mo dare tomo kuchi 0 kikanakatta n desu yo. Yan: So datta n desu ka. ‘Terada: Jitsuwa, boku ima, daigaku e ik6 to omotte, okane tameteru n desu. Yan: He. Terada: Chichi ga hayaku shinde, daigaku (e) ikenakatta n desu. Yan: S6 desu ka. Terada: A! Niesugichaimasu yo! Tabete kudasail Yan: A, hai itadakimasu. (an, feeling a Iittie better, storts to take some food from the pot into his smal bow.) ‘Terada-san, arigat6. ‘Terada: Yan-san, hayaku genki ni natte kudasai yo. Yan: £ CTeraca raises his glass.) Terada: Ja, kanpail Yan: Kanpai! Shin 6: Fune no ikikau Sumidagawa Shin 7: Daigaku no kenkyashitsu (Yon & daydreaming with the layout designs in front of him. noue brings him some tea.) ‘Yan: A, démo. Inoue: Yan-san, sono sekkeizu kuni e okuranai n desu ka? Yan: fi, mé iin desu. 190 — Terada: Did that customer really say such a thing to you? Yan: Uh-huh, I was really shocked. Terada: But it was the first time that’s hap- pened to you, right? Yan: Yeah. Terada: I've gotten used to that kind of talk. ‘Stuff like. . . “only a high school graduate” and “factory worker.” That’s why I didn’t talk to anyone, even here. Yan: So that’s why. Terada: Actually, I'm saving up right now to go to college. Yan: Really? Terada: My father died early, so I couldn’t go to college. Yan: I see. Terada: Oops, the food's getting overcooked! Please eat! Yan: Yeah, [ will. (Yon, feeling a little better, starts to take some food from the pot into his smal bow.) Terada-san, thanks a lot Terada: Yan, I hope you get over this soon. Yan: Yeah. (Teradia raises his glass.) Terada: Cheers! Yan: Cheers! Scene 6: Boats plying the Sumida River Scene 7: College office (Yon is daydreaming with the layout designs in front of him. inoue brings him some tea.) Yan: Oh, thanks. Inoue: Yan, these plans. ... So you're NOT going to send them home? Yan: No. It doesn’t matter any more. EPisope TWENTY-ONEInoue: Sonna koto iwanaide kudasai yo, Yan-san, Yan: Okuttatte, dame desu yo. (Kuwata goes out. Inoue siqps the desk angriy.) Inoue: Yan-san! (On campus, Kuwata joins Saitd, who &s siting on bench) Saité: Yan-san dé datta? (Kuwata gives a hand motion that means “not good.”) S6 ka. Sekkeizu kuni e okuranai no ka, Kuwata: A. Saité: Né, Yan-san o disuko ni sasotte miy6 yo. Kuwata: Demo na, sasottemo, dame da to omou kedo. Saité: Demo, ii ja nai. Sasotte miyé yo. Kuwata: S0 da na. Sasotte miru ka. din the office, Inoue is taking to Yan ) Inoue: Yan-san, déshitemo dame nan desu ne? JA, ii desu. Yan: Inoue-san. Inoue: Jasho o oshiete kudasai, atashi ga okurimasu kara, Jisho wa? Yan:., (nove yells.) Inoue: Yan-san!! Yan: Wakarimashita. Okurimasu yo. Episope TWENTY-ONE Inoue: Don't say that, Yan. Yan: Even if I send them, (Kuwata goes out, Inoue slaps the desk angrily.) t's no use. Inoue: Yan! (On campus, Kuwata joins Sait6, who is sitting on abench) Saito: How was Yan? (Kuwata gives a hand motion that means “not good’) Oh, So he’s not going to send the designs back home? Kuwata: No. Saité: Hey, let’s try asking Yan to a disco. Kuwata: But I don't think he'll come even if we ask him. . Saito: But iet’s at least try. Kuwata: Yeah, you're right. We can try. (in the office. Inoue is talking to Yan.) Inoue: So you're really not going to, Yan? Well then that does it. Yan: Inoue-san? Inoue: Tell me the address. Ill send it for you. Well, what's the address? Yan: .. (roue yell.) Inoue: Yan!! Yan: O.K., 0.K. Ill send it. —191Inoue: Honto desu ne? Honto ni okuri- masu ne? Yan: fi, honto ni okurimasu. (inoue hands the designs to Yan, looking relieved.) Inoue: Yokatta.Yan-san, daijobu. Sore saiy6 ni narimasu yo. Yan: Arigaté. Inoue: Tsutsumigami wa, rokka no ue ni arimasu, (Saité and Kuwata retum. inoue says to the two...) Inoue: Yan-san okuru ki ni natta mitai desu yo. Kuwata: E! Honto? Saité: Yokatta na! (Kuwata and Soité happily shake hands.) Kuwata: Né, Yan-san, konban disuko e ikimasen ka? Yan: E! Disuko desu ka? Sait6: Ii ja nai desu ka! Tamaniwa, zun zun cha cha zun zun cha zu zu cha cha zu zu cha! Zu zu cha cha zu zu cha! (oit6 lances,» Odorimash® yo. Yan: Disuko né. Saito: Yappari. .. Kuwata: Dame desu ka? Yan: Ikimash6. Tsuretette kudasai Saito: E! Honto desu ka? 192— Inoue: You're sure? You're really gonna send it in, right? Yan: Yes, I will (houe hands the designs to Yan, looking relieved.) Inoue: I'm so relieved. Yan, don't worry. Your designs will be accepted, I know. Yan: Thanks. Inoue: The wrapping paper is on top of the locker, (Saitd and Kuwata retum. Inoue says to tne two...) Inoue: Yan changed his mind. It looks like helll be sending them. Kuwata: Really? Saito: That’s wonderful! (Kuwata and Soité happily shake hands.) Kuwata: Say, Yan, why don't we go to « disco tonight? Yan: Huh, a disco? Saité: It't be nice for a change! Come on, let's go dance, O.K.? (oité dances.) How about it, Yan! Yan: Disco, huh. Saité: So, Kuwata: You don't want to. ..? Yan: O.K.,let’s go. Please take me. Saité: Really, you will? Eeisope TWENTY-ONEKuwata: Yoshi, yatta! (Kuwata and Saité make a “victory” sign) Shin 8: Yoru no Roppongi Shin 9: Disuko-ten (Kuwota, Saitd and Inoue are dancing. Yan is sit ting by himself in a seat against the wall, with o blank expression on his face.) Kuwata: Are, Yan-san odoranai no kana? Inoue: Sasottemo, dame na n desu. Kuwata: $6 desu ka. Saité: Yappari na. (Yan ust blankly watches the crowd of dancers Kuwata: Hurray! (Kuwata and Saité make a "victory sign.) Scene 8: A night in Roppongi Scene 9: A discotheque (Kuwata, Saité and Inoue are dancing. Yan i sit- ting by himself in a seat against the wall, with a blank expression on his face.) Kuwata: Hey, isn’t Yan going to dance? Inoue: I asked him, but he won't. Kuwata: Really... ? Saito: Guess he's taking it pretty hard. (Yan just blankly watches the crowd of dancers.) End of Episode Twenty-One Erisove TWENTY-ONE — 193LESSON 41 What’s New? From Yan’s Story Yan’s colleagues worry about Yan and call him at home. m6 ichido (once more) denwashite (—denwasuru: make a phone call) ima nara (literally) if it is now) iru (be there) kamoshiremasen (may ~) inai (not be there) Inoue: M6 ichido denwashite mimashd ka? Shall I try ringing him again? Saité: £. Ima nara iru kamoshiremasen yo. Yes. He may be in now. (Ms. Inoue tries calling, but there is no answer.} Inoue: Un... Inai mitai desu ne Umm. It seems like he’s not there. Notes Inai mitai desu ne. (It seems like he’s not there.) -mitai desu (ne) expresses the meaning “seems to be the case.” In the above example, Ms. Inoue tries calling Yan but, since he doesn’t answer the phone, she suspects that Yan probably isn’t there. So, you can use -mitai desu to express that you're not sure about something. To use this pattern, you need to have the plain form (sve 1.27) of a verb before mitai For example, here are some plain forms of iru (be there) that you could use with mitai: 194 — Lesson 41plain form (affirmative) imasu + iru Tru | mitai desu. (1t seems like he/she is there.) (negative) imasen - inai Inai | mitai desu. (It seems like he/she isn't there.) (past) imashita > ita Tta | mitai desu. Ut seems like he/she was there.) Further Examples 1. Ina house that a robber seems to have broken into. koko (here) kara (from) haitta («-hairu: enter) Detective: Koko kara haitta mitai It seems like he entered through here. desu ne. 2. In the office kaetta (-kaeru: return (home) It seems like Kodama-san has gone home. Lesson 41 1953. In front of the office building. — ame ga futta («ame ga furu: rain) Kodama: Ame ga futta mitai desu ne. It seems like it’s rained. Variation Ame mitai desu _ Me scoms like fain) From the Program Andé and Kodama are absorbed in playing igo (Japanese chess) —— = And6 (Hearing a sound.}: A, ame mitai It seems like rain, doesn’t it? desu ne [Kodama remains absorbed in the game.] Kodama-san, ame mitai desu yo. Kodama-san, it seems like rain. 196 — Lesson 41Notes Ame mitai desu ne. (It seems like rain.) As you can see from the above example, you can use nouns as well as verbs with mitai desu fo say that something seems to be the case. The form of a noun remains unchanged: ame (rain) Ame | mitaidesu. (It seems like rain.) jishin (earthquake) [Jishin] mitaidesu. (dt seems like an earthquake) Using a noun may be easier than expressing the same thing with a verb. For exam- ple, you can say Ame mitai desu ne (It seems like rain.) instead of Ame ga futteiru mitai desu ne (It seems like it’s raining.). Further Example Andé6 feels a vibration. jishin (earthquake) Andé: Jishin mitai desu yo. It seems like an earthquake. Over fo You! 1. Describe the pictures, changing the form of the verb if necessary, to say “It seems like ~.” Eg. Yan-san, imasen. (Yan isn’t there) —Yan-san, “724 _ mitai desu. (It seems like Yan isn’t there.) Lesson 41 —197a) Ame ga furimashita, (It's rained) = Ame ga mitai desu. (It seems like it’s rained.) 6) Dareka imasu. (Someone is there.) — Dareka (dt seems like someone is there.) mitai desu. hint: dareka (someone) c) Yan-san, kimasen. (Yan won't come.) > Yan-san, mitai desu. (t seems like Yan won't come.) d) Kodama-san, kaerimashita (Mr. Kodama has gone home.) ~+ Kodama-san, mitai desu. (lt seems like Mr. Kodama has gone home.) 198 — Lesson 41e) Kaji desu, (isa fire.) - mitai desu. (dt seems tikeo fire) hint: kaji (fre) 2. Pretend you're Detective Kodama. Talk about these clues, using ~ mitai desu ne. Egg. It seems like a robber has entered. @) It seems like he entered through here. ~Dorobé ga haitta mitai desu ne. — Koko kara hint: hairu (enter) ) 11 seems like he opened it with this. €) It seems lke he lft through here, ~> Kore de . > Koko kara __ int: aera (open) hint: deru (eave) Lesson 41 —199Culture and Life Yoru no hankagai £ 4 Dit A MAU» Wightlife areas) The disco we saw in Yan’s Story is in Roppongi, one of Tokyo's main nightlife areas. In Tokyo, there are also many restaurants, bars, karaoke salons and so on in places like Shibuya and Shinjuku. These areas attract large numbers of young people. They are very lively places even after midnight, with main roads swarming with taxis picking up late night revellers. Night scene in Shinjuku. Words and Phrases fo Remember iru \% (be) ame ga furu 42%. (rain) jishin U LA (earthquake) Kaji 2 (fire) 200 — Lesson 41Useful Verb Forms (ru (be) ira (leave) deru (open) akeru (enter) hairu (return) kaeru (go) iku (come) kuru (ao) suru Answers 1. a) futta b)iru ©) konai d) kaetta ©) kaji 2. a) haitta mitai desu ne. b) aketa mitai desu ne. c) deta mitai desu ne. Lesson 41 ita deta aketa haitta kaetta itta kita shita -nai inai denai akenai hairanai kaeranai ikanai konai shinai —201LESSON 42 What’s New? From Yan’s Story Saité and Kuwata are discussing Yan's depressed state of mind. Saité: SO ka, sekkeizu, kuni e okuranai no ka. Kuwata: A, Sait miyd yo. Kuwata: Demo n4, sasottemo dame da to omou kedo. (é, Yan-san o disuko ni sasotte Notes Sasottemo dame da to omou kedo. S80 ka. (Oh, really? finformal)) sekkeizu (design) kuni (home country) okuranai (-okuru: send) A. (That's right. [informal)) NO. (Hey. [informal)) disuko (disco) sasotte (+sasou: invite) -te miyd (Let's try ~ linformall) dame (no good) Oh, really, so he’s not going to send the design back home? That's right. Hey, let's try inviting Yan toa disco, But, even if we invite him, I don’t think it'll be any good. (Even if we invite him, I don't think itll be any good.) 202 — Lesson 42-temo means “even if ~,” and -temo dame da to omou kedo means “even if ~, I don’t think itll be any good.” In the above example, when Saitd suggests inviting Yan to a disco, Kuwata uses this expression to say that even if they invite him, itll probably be no good, in other words, Yan probably won’t come. So, you can use this pattern to respond nega- tively to what someone else suggests. Note that the way Saito and Kuwata talk is rather informal, as they're close friends. A more formal way of saying the same thing would be as follows: Sasottemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. (Bven if we invite him, I don't think it be any good.) To say “even if ~,” using -temo, you need to remember the “te” form (arin) nomu > ~—snonde_— + —nondemo— (even if I drink) (ew) taberu + ~—ttabete «= + ~—ttabetemo (even if Feat) (do) suru + ~— shite = + ~—shitemo (even if Ido) Further Examples 1. Andé and Koyanagi are trying to stop Kodama’s hiccups. nonde (*-nomu: drink) mizu (water) Andé: Kore, nonde mite kudasai. Try drinking this. (nds hands Kodama a glass of water.) Kodama: Mizu o nondemo dame da to Even if I drink water, I don’t think itil be omoimasu kedo. any good. Lesson 42 — 2032. At the skating rink, Kodama keeps falling down. Koyanagi: Renshishimasho. Kodama: E, demo, renshashitemo dame da to omoimasu kedo 3. Kodama and Andé are late for a bus. Kodama: hayaku! Andé: Hashittemo dame da to omoimasu kedo fashirimash6. Andé-san, renshdshimashé / renshdshite (+-renshisuru: practice) Let's practice. But even if I practice, I don’t think it'll be any good. hashirimashé / hashitte (~hashiru: run) hayaku (quickly) Let’s run. Andé-san, quickly! Even if we run, I don't think itll be any good. 4. And6 puts coins in a vending machine, but nothing comes out. a) PSs Koyanagi: Tataite mite kudasai tte. And6: E? Tataitemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. tataite (~tataku: hit) He said “Try hitting it.” What? Even if I hit it, I don’t think itl be any good. Lesson 42Variation 1 From the Program ‘The husband is sick but insists on going to work. kaisha ni iku (go to work (literally, the company!) Muri desu yo. (It’s impossible.) Hora. (See?) netsu ga arimasu / netsu ga attemo (+netsu ga aru: have a fever) Husband: Kaisha ni iku. I'm going to work. Wife: Dame, dame. Muri desu yo. No, no. It’s impossible. [She takes his temperature] Hora. Netsu ga arimasu yo. See? You have a fever. Husband: Netsu ga attemo kaisha ni Even if I have a fever, I’m going to work. ikimasu, Notes Netsu ga attemo kaisha ni ikimasu. (Even if I have a fever, I'm going to work.) If you use the above pattern, you can insist on doing something by saying “even if ~, I will -." Lesson 42 — 205Variation 2 From the Program At the amusement park. takakutemo (takai: expensive) yameta (+-yameru: give up the idea Mliterally, stop]) norimasu (+noru: ride) Andé: Takai desu yo It’s expensive Koyanagi: Kodama-san, yameta ho ga ii Kodama-san, you'd better give up the desu yo. idea. Kodama: Takakutemo watashi wa Even if it is expensive, I will ride it. norimasu. Notes Takakutemo norimasu. (Even if it is expensive, I will ride it.) You can say “even if-” with adjectives, as well as verbs, as in the above example. As with verbs, you need to put an adjective in its “te” form (see 1.36), and add mo. Remember, the “-te” form of an adjective is derived by changing the final i to ku and adding te. (expensive) takai > takakute > takakutemo — (even fitis expensive) (scary) Kowai_ ~—* ~—kowaktute + kowakcutemo (even ifitis seary) 206 — Lesson 42Over to You! 1. Fill in the blanks with verbs in their appropriate forms. -te -masu Eg.hashiru (run) hashithe hashirimasu a) matsu wait) machimasu b)nomu drink) «onde c) sasou (invite) sasoimasu d) isogu (hurry) isoide e) iku eo) ikimasu fA) suru (do) shimasu 2. Respond negatively to the following suggestions, using -temo dame da to omoimasu kedo. Eg. Hashirimashé. (Let's run.) Hashittemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. (Even if we run, I don’t think it'll be any good.) Lesson 42 —207® Renshtishimashé. (Let's practice.) (Even if I practice, I don’t think it'll be any good.) b) Machimashé. (Let's wait.) c) Sagashimashé (Let’s look for it.) (Even if we look for it, I don’t think it'll be any good.) 208 — Lesson 42Takushi de ikimashé. (Let's go by taxi.) d) Gven if we go by taxi, I don’t think itll be any good.) e) Sdjishimashé. (Let’s clean up.) Culture and Life Kékéde © 324°C (“Only a high school graduate”) In Yan's Story, Terada, Yan's neighbor, shared his misgivings about not having gone to college and because of that being labelled as “kOkOde,” i.e., someone who has progressed no further than high school. The extent to which the lack of a higher education is a dis- advantage to young people depends greatly on individual circumstances and disposition. Though it would be difficult to become an elite employee of a major company without a coliege degree, in certain professions people with only a junior or senior high school back- ground can still find good positions by making the best use of their abilities. Lesson 42 — 209Daigaku shingaku 2°28 ¢ LA2* ¢ (Going on to college) In recent years, the rate at which high school graduates have gone on to college has been constant at about 30%. But because of repeated changes to the entrance exam system and the growing reputation of private universities, the entrance exam situation is becoming more rigorous year by year. Also, according to a survey by the Tokyo Branch of the Federation of University Cooperatives, the average total cost of tutorial fees and living expenses for students at private Tokyo universities taking lodgings for 4 years is about 12 million yen for humanities students and about 15 million yen for those in the sciences, which represents a considerable burden on students and their families. em a Students taking a college entrance exam. Words and Phrases to Remember sasou $%4(invite) renshasuru iA L342 (practice) —_hashiru (tL (run) tataku/:7: ¢ (hit) takai #7 (expensive) _—_sagasu & 4° (Look for) sdjisuru t 4 UF (clean) 210— Lesson 42Useful Forms “te” form (drink) nomu nonde (wash) arau arate (wait) matsu matte ook for) sagasu sagashite (hurry) isogu isoide (go) iku itte (run) hashiru hashitte (invite) sasou sasotte (do) suru shite (come) kuru kite (expensive) takai takakute (ate) os0i osokute thot) atsui atsukute difficult) muzukashii muzukashikute Answers 1. a) matte 6) nomimasu c) sasotte 4) isogimasu e) itte f) shite 2. a) Renshdshitemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. 5) Mattemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. c) Sagashitemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. d) Takushi de ittemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. ¢) Sojishitemo dame da to omoimasu kedo. Lesson 42 —2EPISODE TWENTY-TWO I WAS IN A HURRY, SO I COULDN'T BUY ONE. (For LESSONS 43 & 44) @Synopsis One day, Terada finds that Yan has gone away for a while. We see Yan at Ueno Station, where he helps an elderly couple onto the bullet train. On the train, the couple offer Yan tea and rice balls, but when the inspector comes to check their tickets, they are surprised to find that Yan hasn't decided where to go yet. Yan just decides to go to the final stop, Niigata. He then goes even further, deep into snow country. He finds a room in an inn near the sea, drifting even deeper into depression as he looks at Miss Okada’s photograph. @Transcription Dai NisONI Wa. ISOIDEITA NODE KAENAKATTA N DESU. Shin 1: Séché6 no Sumidagawa (Two white birds are fluttering about on the water surface.) Shin 2: Apato no rdka (Terada is leaving for work, There's 0 note posted on Yan’s door, Terada reads it.) ‘Terada: “Shibaraku rusu ni shimasu node, haitatsu shinaide kudasai. Yan- Morin.” Un. Yappari dekaketa mitai dana. A, obasan, ohay6 gozaimasu. Mrs. Hori: Ohayo , Terada-san. Terada: Yan-san, tabi ni deta mitai desu yo. Mrs. Hori: S6, s6 na no yo ne. Hitori ni naru no ga ichiban yo. 212— EpisobE Twenty-Two I WAS IN A HURRY, SO I COULDN’T BUY ONE. Scene 1: Sumida River, early in the morn- ing (wo white birds are fluttering about on the water surface.) Scene 2: In the corridor of the apartment building erada is leaving for work. There's a note posted on Yan's door. Terada reads it) Terada: “I will be away for a while, so please do not deliver any papers. Yan Molin.” Yeah, looks like he realy went somewhere after all. Mrs, Hori: Good morning, Terada-san. Terada: Looks like Yan went on a trip. Mrs. Hori: Yes, I know. Being alone is best for him. Episope TWENTY-TWOShin 3: Ueno-eki (Yon is waking around gazing blankly at some tourist posters. An elderly couple with heavy lug- gage pass by.) Réfu: Iya, maitta, maitta. ... Iya, daijobu da. Ii kara, motte(i)ku kara daijobu da. Yan: Boku ga mochimasu. (Yan takes the luggage from the man’s hands.) Réfu: E! ii n desu, iin desu! Yan: A, ii desu, ii desu. Obasan, sore mo. Shinkansen desu ka? Shin 4: Jéetsu shinkansen homu Scene 3: Ueno Station (Yan is walking around gazing blankly at some tourist posters. An elderly couple with heavy lug- gage pass by.) Husband: Phew. that was tough. . . No, I'm alright. Don't worry, I.can take these, you just take it easy. Yan: I'l take them for you. (Von takes the luggage from the man’s hands) Husband: Oh no, it’s O.K.! Yan: It’s O.K, it’s alright. Ma'am, Il get that too. Are you taking the Shinkansen (bullet train)? Scene 4: Platform of the Jéetsu Shin- kansen Shin 5: Jéetsu shinkansen no shanai (Yan puts the luggage on the shelt) Résai: Suimasen, démo. A, kore chotto. Kore dake, hai! Rofu: Hai, dewa, onegai itashimasu. Yoisho. (ihe husband hands Yan a satchel) Dokkoisho! the wit hands Yan a bag.) Résai: Mé hitotsv sumimasen, domo! Rofu: lya ia, iya, nimotsu o motte itadaita n de, hontoni tasukari- mashita. Episope TWENTY-TWO Scene 5: Inside the Jéetsu Shinkansen (Yan puts the luggage on the shel} Wife: Thank you for your trouble. Umm, this one, I'll just... Just this one, Right. Husband: O.K., this one please, thanks! (Ihe husband hands Yan a satchel.) Phew! (he wite hands Yan a bag.) Wa: Just one more, sorry. Thank you. H.: Oh, you were so much help, carrying all this luggage for us. 213Futari: Hontoni domo arigaté gozaima- shita. (They bow deeply.) Yan: lya, ii (n) desu yo. Sa, dézo Rofu: A, iya iya, démo. 58, boku wa. Rosai: Ané, ocha demo meshiagarimasen ka? Yan: lya, koko shiteiseki desu kara. Réfu: E, ma, ma, ii ja nai desu ka, konna ni suiteiru n desu kara, Chotto omachi kudasai. Kore one, yo(tto). Are? (he husband tres to flip the seats around. but can't get it fo turn.) Yan: A, boku ga yarimasu. Réfu: Okashii na. (Yan turns the seat around.) A, naruhodo. Domo narenain de. . Ma, ma, ja, dézo okakeninatte kudasai. Résai: Dézo, dozo, okakekudasai. Ne, dézo. (he bell rings fo signal the train's departure.) Eki no anaunsu: Nija-ban sen kara, “toki” yonhyakugojakyd-g6 Niigata- yuki ga hassha itashimasu. Tsugi wa Omiya ni tomarimasu. Doa ga shima- rimasu. 214— ‘The couple: Thank you very much. (ney bow deeply.) Yan: Oh, it was nothing. Now go ahead and take your seats, please. H.: Thank you! Yan: Well, I'd better go now. W.: Ah. .. Won't you have some tea? Yan: No thanks, besides these are reserved seats. H.: Oh, it’s O.K. There are so many vacant seats. Wait a moment. Hmmm, let me get the seat to. ... This way, no, that way. What's wrong? (ihe husband tries to tip the seats around, but can't get itto tun.) Yan: Oh, Ill do it HL: Something's wrong. (Yan tuins the seat around.) Oh, I see. I just can't get used to these things... Oh, now, please, have a seat. W.: Please, please, sit down. (he belt rings fo signal the train’s departure.) Announcement: The Toki 459 to Niigata will be departing from Track 20. The next stop will be Omiya, The doors will close now. Erisope TWENTY-TWO(he wile offers Yan some tea.) Résai: Dozo. Yan: Arigato gozaimasu (he wife offers Yan some rice balls.) Résai: Ané, kore hitotsu ikaga desu ka? Yan: Iya, watashi wa ocha dake de kekk6 desu yo. Shin 6: Hashiru shinkansen Shin 7: Shinkansen no shanai (ihe wife shows @ picture of her daughter and ‘grandchild to Yon.) Résai: Ano, mago ga ne, iru n desu. Yan: A. Rosai: Tottemo kawaii n desu no. Ré6fu: Hora, kono egao ga nakanaka kawaii desho? Kawaii. . Yan: f. Résai: Ie ne, md, mago ni ai ni ne, and, Toky6 e tokidoki detekuru n desu. Yan: $6 desu ka. Réfu: Meshiagatte kudasai yo. E, musume no onigiri taihen oishii n desu kara, e. Yan: A, itadakimasu. (ihe conductor comes) Shashé: Hai, osoreirimasu. Joshaken 0 haiken itashimasu, Résai: Anata, kippu. Rofu: Kippu? . . . Ore ka? Résai: Anata (ni) watashimashita yo! Réfu: $6 ka na. Oi, oi (Husband starts searching.) Résai: Ya, shikkari shite kudasai yo, hontonit (To Yan) Kore na n desu mono ne. Rofu: E, kocehi ka? Are, okashii na. (Yan spots the tickets in the wite’s coat pocket.) Episope Twenty-TWo (ihe wite offers Yan some tea.) W.: Please have some, Yan: Thank you. (ihe wite offers Yan some rice bolls) W.: Would you like one of these? Yan: No thanks, tea will be fine for me. Scene 6: The Shinkansen in motion Scene 7: Inside the Shinkansen (Ihe wife shows a picture of her daughter and grandchild to Yan.) W.: See, we have a grandchild. Yan: Oh? Wa: She’s so cute. H.: Look, isn’t this smiling face adorable? Yan: Uh-huh, Wa: You see, we occasionally come in to Tokyo to see our grandchild. Yan: Oh, is that so? H.: Please have some. My daughter's rice balls, they're really great. Yan: O.K,, Ill have some. (ihe conductor comes.) Conductor: Excuse me. Your tickets, please! W.: Dear, the tickets Hi: The tickets? ... Me... ? W.: Dear! I gave them to you! Hi: Did you? Wait a see. (Husband starts searching.) W.: For heaven's sake. Pull yourself together! (To Yan) Really, he’s always like this. HL: Are they in here? Huh, hmmm... this is strange. (Yan spots the tickets in the wife's coat pocket.) —215Yan: Koko ni arimasu yo. Rosai: E? A, ara, iya da! Kona toko ni! Rofu: Hora hora, hito no koto 0 iinagara, . .mA, e, itsudemo kore desu kara na, Shashé: Osoreirimasu. Joshaken 0 haiken itashimasu. Niigata made desu ne? Hai, arigaté gozaimashita. Yan: An‘ desu. Shashé: Tokyé kara desu ne? Sorede dochira made irassharu n desu ka? oideita node, kaenakatta n Yan: B, and, kore wa doko made iku n desu ka? Shashé: Ha? (The couple exchange glances.) Yan: Ané, shaten made ichi-mai kuda- sai Shashé: Shiten wa Niigata desu ga, iin desu ka? Yan: B, Niigata made onegaishimasu Shashé: Hai, Tokyo kara Niigata made to, hai, kydsenroppyaku-en desu. Hai, ichiman-en oazukari itashimasu. H: yonhyaku-en no otsuri desu. Arigaté gozaimashita. Yan: Oh, here they are W.: Huh? Oh, how stupid of me! In here, of all places! ee, see, always talking about other peo- ple... Hmph, she’s always like this Conductor: Excuse me. May I see your tickets? To Niigata, is that correct? O.K., thank you. Yan: Oh, | was in a hurry, so I couldn't buy one. Conductor: From Tokyo? And where are you going? Yan: Uh. ... where does this go to? Conductor: Huh? (the couple exchange glances ) Yan: Uh, let me have one to the last stop. Conductor: The last stop is Niigata. Is that OK, Yan: Yes, to Niigata please. Conductor: 0.K. From Tokyo to Niigata. that'll be 9,600 yen. Out of 10,000 yen. and 400 yen change. Thank you. ir? Résai: Yokatta desu né. Zutto goissho dekimasu yo. (Yan looks out at the scenery.) Ano, dochira ni irassharu n desu? 216 — Wa: Isn't that nice? We'll be together the entire trip (Yon fo0ks out at the scenery.) And, where will you be headed? Episope TWENTY-TWO.Yan: A, 4, umi o mitari, furui ie o mitari shiy6 to omotteiru n desu. Rosai: A, 86 desu ka, (The couple exchange glances.) Nanka goshinpaigeto demo? Rofu: Oi, yamen ka. Rosai: Shin 8: Shiss6 suru shinkansen Shin 9: Vetsusen no ressha no naka (Yan imagines Okada’s face in the window.) Yan: Okada-san. Otoko: Nani ka iimashita ka? Yan: E, iie. Shin 10: Yukigeshiki Yan: O-oh, I'm thinking of looking at the sea, visiting old houses, and so on. W.: Oh, really? (ihe couple exchange glances.) Is there something worrying you? H: Hey, come on, cut it out. Wis Scene 8: The Shinkansen running at full speed Scene 9: Inside a car of a Uetsu Line train (Yon imagines Okada’s face in the window.) Yan: Okada-san. Man: Huh? Did you say something, mister? Yan: Uh, no. Scene 10: Winter landscape Shin 11: Ryokan no mae (he head clerk is removing snow from the roof, and the landlady is clearing the road of snow.) Okami: Arya! ... Banté: A! Okami: Banté: A! (Yon arives,) da na! Episoe TWENTY-TWO Scene 1: In front of an inn (ihe head clerk is removing snow from the roof, ‘and the landlady is clearing the road of snow.) Landtady: Oh my goodness, it’s starting to snow again! Head clerk(in dialect): Oh my gosh, why does it snow so much everyday! Landlady(in dialect): Head clerk: Yep! (Yon anives,) You can say that again! —217Okami: Sakihodo odenwa kudasatta okyakusan desu ka? Yan: Hai, 36 desu. Okami: MA, mé, ma, yoku irasshai- mashita. Sasa, dézo kochira e, hail Yan: Taihen desu né. Okami: ly, mattaku! Kono hen ja kono yukioroshi ga taihen nan desu yo né! Banté: Ome no ho no kuni de... . . Yan: Ha? Okami: A, okyakusan no kuni de wa yuki wa furanai n desu ka tte, kiiteru n desu yo. Yan: A, boku no kuni ja furimasen. Bantd: N da r6, Okami: Ma, Banté: Honni. ... Okami: Yunma. . (he landlady laughs.) Yan: Okami: Yuki no furanai kuni ga uraya- mashii s6 desu yo. Michi no yuki o 218— Landlady: Are you the guest who called a while ago? Yan: Yes Iam. Landlady: Well, well, you must've had a tough time coming here. Please come inside! Yan: Life must be hard here. Landlady: Right you are! Around here, it’s getting the snow off the roofs that’s a real job! Head clerk: Say, ... (asks a question in dia- lect) Yan: Huh? Landlady: Oh, he's asking if it ever snows over where you come from. Yan: Oh, no, it doesn’t snow where I come from. Head clerk: Just as I thought. to respond in dialect) Landlady: Well. ... (responds to the head (continues clerk in dialect) Head clerk: The toughest thing is... (in dia-lect) Landlady: You strain your back. .. . (in dia: leet) (he landtady laughs.) Yan:... Landlady: He says he envies you, your coun- try where it doesn’t snow, because it’s so Eisope TWENTY-TWOdokashitari, yane no yuki o oroshitari, mattaku taihen desu kara né. Yan: tough to remove the snow off the roofs and to clear the roads. Yan: Landlady: Now, come right in, sir! Yan: Yes. Shin 12: Yado no kaidan (Ihe fandlady comes up to Yan's room with a tray) Okami: Gomenkudasai. Okyakusan Shin 13: Yado no heya no naka (ihe lights are out) Okami: Ofuro, itta n da ga na? (ihe landlady finds Yan siting in @ chair in the baicony of the room.) Ara, okyakusan irashita n desu ka? Oshokuji omochishimashita, Yai (Yan goes and picks up Okada’s picture from the table without saying a word.) Okami: Scene 12: The stairway of the inn (he landlady comes up fo Yan‘s room with a fray.) Landlady: May I come in, sir? ‘Scene 13: Yan’s room at the inn (he lights are out.) Landlady: Wonder if he went to take a bath? (he landlady finds Yan sitting in chair in the balcony of the room.) Oh my, you're here? I brought you your din- Yan: (Yan goes and picks up Okada’ picture from the table without saying @ word) Landlady: End of Episode Twenty-Two Episope TWENTY-TWO. —219LESSON 43 Whait’s New? From Yan’s Story In the bullet train. Osoreirimasu. (Excuse me.) joshaken (train ticket) haiken itashimasu. (May I see?{very polite) ~ made (to~) isoideita (I was in a hurry.) kaenakatta (couldn't buy) Ticket Inspector: Osoreirimasu, Excuse me. May I see your tickets? Jéshaken o haiken itashimasu. [Inspecting the elderly couple's tickets.) Niigata made desu ne. To Niigata, is that correct? Hai. Arigaté gozaimasu. Okay. .. Thank you. [He turns to Yan.) Yan: And, isoideita node, kaenakatta n Uh... Iwas in a hurry, so I couldn’t buy desu. one. Notes Isoideita node, kaenakatta n desu. (I was ina hurry, so I couldn't buy one.) You can use node to express a reason for what follows. In the above scene, Yan said “Isoideita node” to give the reason why he couldn't buy the proper ticket (i.e., he was ina 220 — Lesson 43hurry). Using node in this way, you can explain some aspect of your behavior. Before node, verbs need to be in a plain form (see L.27) plain form (be ina hurry) isoideimashita > isoideita Isoideita] node, was in a hurry, $0..) (drop) otoshimashita — otoshita [Otoshita] node, dropped it, a.) (come) kimasu = kuru Tomodachi ga [kuru] node, (My friend is coming, so...) (have) arimasu = aru ‘Yakusoku ga [aru] node, (have an appointment, $0...) In the examples below, Koyanagi-san and Kodama-san use ~node, ~n desu to explain why they're doing something so late at night Further Examples 1. Late at night in a dormitory, in front of a vending machine. okane (money) otoshita (~otosu: drop) Koyanagi [On hands and knees.) Okane 0 otoshita node, sagashiteiru n I dropped some money, desu. for it. Lesson 43 sagashiteiru (-sagasu: look for) —2212. Late at night in the dormitory kitchen. Kodama-san is making noodles. Kodama: Onaka ga suita node, kore 0 tsukutteiru n desu. Variation 1 ~_ Ky0 wa tomoda ning ose From the Program In the office araund 5 o'clock. Kodama(Making a drinking gesture.) Andé-san, d6 desu? Hisashiburi ni ikimasen ka? Andé6: Sumimasen. Ky wa tomodachi ga 222— onaka ga suita (~onaka ga suku: be hungry) tsukutteiru (tsukuru: make) I'm hungry, so I'm making this. i ga kuru node, chotto. toda: D6 desu? (How about it?) hisasbiburi ni (lieerally) after a long while) kyé (today) tomodachi (friend) Andé-san, how about it? Shall we go drinking? We haven't been for a long time. I'm sorry. My friend is coming to see me Lesson 43kuru node, chotta. . today, so I can't. Kodama: A, sd. Oh, really Notes Ky wa tomodachi ga kuru node, chotto. . . (My friend is coming to see me today, so I can't. . .) As in the above example, you can use node to turn down an invitation indirectly by sim- ply giving the reason why you can't accept. What is actually meant here is “Kyo wa tomodachi ga kuru node ikenai n desu.” (My friend is coming to see me today so I can’t go.), but the latter part, ikenai n desu is left unsaid. This way of leaving unpleasant things unsaid is common in Japanese communication. Note that chotto literally means “a little” but it is quite often used to imply something like “It’s a little bit difficult to accept,” as in this case. Further Examples 1. In the office around 5 o'clock. karaoke (araoke) demo (or something) yakusoku ga aru (have an appointment) Kodama (To Umino-san, who has stood up to leave}: Hisashiburi ni karaoke demo How about going to karaoke or something? do desu? We haven’t been for a long time. Umino: Sumimasen. Kyé wa yakusoku I'm sorry. I have an appointment today, ga aru node, chotto. . sol can't Lesson 43 — 2232. In the office around 5 o'clock. Everyone has left for home except Koyanagi-san. isoideiru (be in a hurry [~isogu: hurry) Hey, Koyanagi-san, um. Koyanagi: Sumimasen. Kyo wa Im sorry. I'm ina hurry today, so I can’t isoideiru node, chotto. Variation 2 From the Program In the studio. Andé: Sumimasen. Ky6 wa chotto I'm sorry. I have an appointment yakusoku ga aru node, osaki ni shitsu- today, so please excuse me. reishimasu. Kodama: A, chotto. . Uh, hey. 224 — Lesson 43Notes Osaki ni shitsureishimasu. (Please excuse me.) This expression is useful when you have to leave somewhere before other people. Literally it means “Excuse me (for doing something) before you.” In relatively informal speech you may hear it shortened to “Osaki ni.” Over to You! 1. Change the statement ending in -masu or -mashita into the appropriate plain form, so as to state a reason using ~node. Eg. Isoideimasu (rm ino hurry) a) Yakusoku ga arimasu (have an appointment.) 6) Byéin e ikimasu. ('m going to hospital.) c) Okada-san ga kimasu. (Miss Okada is coming.) d) Pati ga arimasu (There is a party.) e) Isoideimashita (Iwas ina hurry) w chotto. .. ? E.g. Tabe ni ikimasen ka? (Shall we go out for a meal?) [He has an appointment.) —+ _Sumimasen. Yakusoku ga aru node, chotto... (have an appointment, so I'm sorry, Lcan't.) Lesson 43 Isoideiru node, ('m ina hurry, so...) (have an appointment, so...) ('m going to hospital, so...) (Miss Okada is coming, so...) (There isa party, so...) (was in a hurry, 80...) How do you think the people on the right will turn down the invitations, using ~node, 225a) Karaoke ni ikimasen ka? (Shall we go to karaoke?) IA friend is coming. [He is ina hurry.) [He has some work to do.] hint: shigoto (work) d) Tabe ni ikimasen ka? (Shall we go out for a meal?) [He is waiting for a fax.) hint: fakkkusu (fax) 226 — Lesson 43Culture and Life Jéetsu Shinkansen Ut ZOLAPAGA In Yan's Story, the train which Yan took és referred to as the Joetsu Shinkansen, Opened in 1982, this line links Tokyo and Niigata, and the journey between these two cities takes about two hours. While trains on the Tokaidé Shinkansen (opened in 1964) are usually colored blue, green is normally used for the Joetsu and Tohoku Shinkansen, as we saw in Yan's Story Ryokan ") x A (Japanese inn) In Yan's Story, Yan found himself a room in a Japanese-style inn (ryokan) near the sea.Very different from modern western- style hotels, inns like this are generally found in the provinces. While in hotels meals are not usually included in overnight fees, in a ryokan it is common for the evening meal and the following day's breakfast to be included in the price of a night's stay. A typical ryokan in a hot-spring town. Words and Phrases to Remember isoideiru (EUV (be in a hurry) onaka ga suku 8 &*A°S ¢ (be hungry) okane 25742 (money) otosu BEF (drop) hisashiburi ni O & 4 1) (< ((titeraily? after a long while) yakusoku ga aru? ¢ € ¢ 14 (have an appointment) byoin Ux 3 VA (hospital) Lesson 43 pati SF 4 — (party) fakkusu 7 7-7 7 A (fax) —207Useful Verb Forms present plain forms oe aru (be ina hurry) isoideiru (come) kuru (do) suru Answers 1. a) Yakusoku ga aru node, . 6) Byéin e iku node, . ¢) Okada-san ga kuru node, @) Pati ga aru node, . e) Isoideita node, ... 2. a) Sumimasen. Tomodachi ga kuru node, chotto. . (A friend is coming, so I'm sorry, Ican't.) 6) Sumimasen. Isoideiru node, chotto. . . (i'm ina hurry, so I'm sorry, Tean't) c) Sumimasen. Shigoto ga aru node, chotto. . . (have some work to do, so I'm sorry, I can’t) past plain forms atta isoideita kita shita d) Sumimasen. Fakkusu 0 matteiru node, chotto. . . ('m waiting for a fax, so I'm sorry, can't.) 228 — Lesson 43LESSON 44 What’s New? From Yan’s Story In the bullet train. Woman: Yokatta desu ne. Zutto goissho dekimasu yo Ano, dochira ni irassharu n desu ka? Yan: Umi o mitari, furui ie o mitari shiyd to omotteiru n desu. Notes Yokatta desu ne. (It’s good, isn’t it?) zutto (all the way) goissho dekimasu (we can be together (polite)) dochira? (where? (polite) irassharu (go (potite)) umi (sea) mitari (~ miru: look at) furui (old) ie (house) It’s good, isn’t it? We'll be together all the way. And, where are you headed? Oh, I'm thinking of looking at the sea, visiting old houses, and so on. Umi o mitari, furui ie o mitari shiyé to omotteiru n desu. (I'm thinking of looking at the sea, visiting old houses, and so on.) ~ tari, ~tari suru means “do things such as ~ and ~.” Using this pattern you can sim- ply give some examples of actions and imply that there are (often many) other actions as Lesson 44 — 229well. In the above sentence, Yan gave two examples of what he's planning to do ‘i.e., look at the sea and visit old houses), but implied that he’s planning to do other things es well. Note that you have to have two or more examples of actions expressed by -tari and that their order doesn’t necessarily have to represent the actual order of events. To form -tari, you need to know the -ta form of a verb (see 1.28) and add ri to it -ta form -tari (see) miru > mita > mitari (sing) utau - utatta > utattari (ride) noru * notta od nottari (do) suru > shita > shitari Further Examples 1. Talking about holidays. Umino: And6-san wa doko ni iku n desu ka? And6/Pointing to.a place on the map.) Watashi wa koko ni ikun desu. Sukt 0 shitari, onsen ni haittari shiyo to omo- tteiru n desu 2. Talking about holidays. Be Umino: Kodama-san wa? 230 — doko (where) suki o shitari (+-suki 0 suru: ské) onsen ni haittari (onsen ni hairu: have (lit, enter) a hot spring bath) Where are you going, Ando-san? I'm going here. I'm planning to go skiing, have hot spring baths, and so on. Dokoemo ikimasen. (P'm not going anywhere.) terebi (television) mitari (“miru: watch) CD (CD) kiitari (kiku: listen) hon (book) yondari (~yomu: read) How about you, Kodama-san? Lesson 44Kodama: Watashi wa dokoemo ikimasen, _ I’m not going anywhere. I'm planning Terebi o mitari, CD o kiitari, hon 0 to do things such as watch TY, listen yondari shiyé to omotteiru n desu. to CD's and read books. Variation 1 From fhe Program Ata travel agency. Irasshaimase.(May I help you? {used in shops, ete.) badowocchingu (bird-watching) tenisu (tennis) Travel Agent: Irasshaimase. May I help you? Koyanagi: An6, badowocchingu o shitari, Um, I'd like to do things such as bird- tenisu o shitari shitai n desu ga. watching and playing tennis. Notes Badowocchingu o shitari, tenisu o shitari shitai n desu ga... (I'd like to do things such as bird-watching and playing tennis.) If you vary the form of the verb suru and say shitai n desu ga after ~tari, ~tari, you can say “Td like to do things such as ~ and ~.” Lesson 44 — 231Variation 2 nsen ni haittari, otera o mitari dekimast (You can do things such as take hot spring bathe and see temples.) From the Program Ata travel agency. pen qi Ja (Well, then) 4 : koko (here) dé desu ka? (how about~?) onsen ni haittari (+ onsen ni hairu: take hot spring baths) otera (temple) cal Travel Agent: Ja, koko wa dé desu ka? Then, how about this place? Koko wa onsen ni haittari, otera 0 Here, you can do things such as take mitari dekimasu. hot spring baths and see temples. Notes Onsen ni haittari, otera o mitari dekimasu. (You can do things such as take hot spring baths and see temples.) If you vary the form of the verb suru and use dekimasu (be able to do) after ~tari, ~tari, you can say “You can do things such as ~ and ~.” 232 — Lesson 44Variation 3 ‘Karaoke de utattari, béringu o shitari, toranpu o shitari shimashita. | did a to, singing with karaoke, going bowling, playing ea From the Program Looking at photographs of Ando’s trip. 5 : \ karaoke (karaoke) yoru (evening) de (with) utattari ( yukiga futteiru [Yuki ga futteira] noni, .. ts snowing.) (Ben though its snowing, .. ) Kagioakemashita. > kagioaketa Kagioaketa_| noni,... (Tunlocked (it).) (Even though I unlocked (it), .. ) Lesson 45 —247Further Examples 1. Outside a front door. am oo Koyanagi: Ara, doshite kashira. . .? Andé: Déshita n desu ka? Koyanagi: Kagi o aketa noni, doa ga akanai n desu. 2. Looking at a strange faucet. And6: Kodama-san, déshita n desu ka? Kodama: Kore, paipu ga nai noni, mizu ga deteimasu yo. Koyanagi: Honto da. And6: Paipu ga nai noni fushigi desu ne. 3. At home on a rainy day. a Ara, (Oh [mostly used by femates)) Déshite (Why?) kashira (I wonder (mostly used by females)) kagi o aketa (kagi o akeru; unlock) doa (door) akanai (aku: open) Oh, I wonder why. . What's the matter? Even though I unlocked the door, it doesn’t open. paipu (pipe) mizu (water) deteimasu (+deru: come out) Honto da. (Oh, yes. finformal)) fushigi (strange) Kodama-san, what's the matter? This, Even though there’s no pipe, there's water coming out. Oh, yes. Even though there’s no pipe. - strange. = that’s ame (rain) futteimasu (+furu: fall) terebi (TV) yakya (baseball) yatteiru (~yaru: do) ky6 (today) chiishi (canceled) konnani (0 much) Lesson 45.Kodama: Koyanagi-san, ame, futteimasu ka? Koyanagi (Looting outside. B, futteimasu ne, And6 (Looking at the newspaper.Jt A, terebi de yakyd o yatteiru na. Kodama: And6- chashi desu yo. Ando: [Switching on the TV.) A, yatteimasu yo! Koyanagi: E? Konnani ame ga futteiru noni, yatteiru n desu ka! an, ky6 wa ame da kara 16 desu ka né. Kodama: Konnani ame ga futteiru noni, taihen desu ne. Variation From the Program _ - Ganbatta noni, zannen deshita ne. (Even though you tried hard. ..— it’s a pity!) Koyanagi-san, is it raining? Yes, it’s raining. Oh, there’s a baseball game on TV. Ando: probably canceled. in, it’s raining today so it’s You may be right. Oh, it’s on! What? They're playing baseball even though it's raining so hard? Even though it’s raining so hard. . . ~ it must be hard! Kodama fails in his final weight-lifting attempt. And6: Ganbatta noni, zannen deshita ne. Koyanagi: Honto, Ganbatta noni, zannen deshita ne. Lesson 45 ganbatta (+-ganbaru: try hard) zannen (pity) Even though you tried hard. . .~ it’s a pity! Really. Even though you tried hard. .. ~ it isa pity! — 249Notes Ganbatta noni, zannen deshita ne. (Even though you tried hard. . . - it’s a pity!) You can use noni to encourage someone or cheer someone up, as in the above example. The actual meaning of the example is: (A) “Even though you tried. hard,” ((B) “you didn’t succeed.”) (C) “It’s a pity.” Neither Andé-san nor Koyanagi-san mentioned part (B) because it is obvious that Kodama-san didn't succeed and they didn't want to refer to this unpleasant fact. As we've already seen (ef. Notes, on p.240), it is quite common to omit part (B) in this way, when it is understood from the context. Extra Information Yuki ga futteiru noni, taihen desu ne. (Even though it’s raining. . . - it must be hard!) We started this lesson with the above expression used by Yan to talk about people work- ing hard in the snow. You can also use the same pattern as a means of encouragement when talking to people who are working in harsh conditions. In such cases, you may find adjectives useful, as below: (o someone who's working hard in hot conditions) Atsui noni, taihen desu ne. (Even though it's hot... - it must be hard!) (to someone who's working hard in cold conditions) Samui noni, taihen desu ne. (Even though it’s cold, . . - it must be hard!) (to someone who's working hard using cold water) Mizu ga tsumetai noni, taihen desu ne. (Even though the water is cold. .. it must be hard!) Note that when using an adjective in this way, you don’t need to change its form— just follow it up with noni. Lesson 45Over to You! 1, Link the two expressions and express your surprise using noni, as in the example Eg. Yuki ga futteimasu. (1's snowing.) Yakyd o yatteimasu. Phey're playing baseball.) — Yuki ga futteiru noni, yakya o yatteiru n desu ka? (ven though it’s snowing, are they playing baseball?) a) Kuruma ga arimasu. (You have a car.) Aruite ikimasu. (You are going on foot.) (Even though you have a car, are you going on foot?) }) Minna ikimasu. @veryone is going.) Tkimasen. (You are not going.) ven though everyone (else) is going, aren‘t you going?) c) Ame ga futteimasu. (It's raining.) Soto de asondeimasu. (They are playing outside) (ven though it's raining, are they playing outside?) d) Wapuro ga arimasu. (You have a word processor.) Te de kakimasu. (You will write it by hand.) ven though you have a word processor, are you going to write it by hand?) Lesson 45 —2512. Think of what the person on the right says to encourage someone who is working in an uncomfortable situation. Use ~noni, taihen desu ne, as in the example (see also Extra Information on p.250). Eg. Yuki ga futteimasn, (1's snowing.) — Yuki ga futteiru noni, taihen desu ne. (Bven though it's snowing. ..~ it must be hard!) a) Ame ga futteimasu. (I's raining.) (Bven though it's raining. .. ~ it must be hard!) 6b) Kaze o hiiteimasu. (You have a cold) (Bven though you have a cold. ..~ it must be hard!) ¢) Samui desu. (Irs cold.) (Bven though it’s cold. ..— it must be hard!) 252— Lesson 45d) Atsui desu. (It’s hot) Bven though it’s hot... it must be hard!) Culture and Life Nihonkai (21% A.2V% (The Japan Sea) The sea between the Japanese islands and the Asian mainland is called Nikonkai in Japanese. In Yan's Story, Yan looks out over the Japan Sea. Whereas the Pacific Ocean is seen as having bright connotations, the Japan Sea is viewed as having rough, wild connotations by many Japanese people (see the map on p.237). Yomeiri gyéretsu VX & 3 4D (Bridal procession) Miss Okada’s wedding in Yan's Story follows the pattern of a traditional country wed- ding, though the sort of bridal procession we saw is extremely rare these days. Nowadays, most weddings and receptions are held in ceremonial halls or hotels. A recep- tion lasting two-and-a-half hours can cost several million yen at a high class hotel. 4 E Wedding in a ceremonial hall. Lesson 45 — 253Words and Phrases fo Remember yuki & (snow) Taihen desu ne. 72°SA CFA (It’s hard.) kagio akeru #* #41} (unlock) doa FF (door) ~— aku 4 < (open) paipu 847 (pipe) — mizu AF (water) —_deru TC (come out) fushigi 2 L & (strange) ame 4% (rain) ganbaru #A1z% (try hard) Zannen deshita ne. SA dA TL Aa (It’s a pity!) tsumetai 2% 72> (cold (water, ete.) wapuro 'J — 70 (word processor) kaze o hiku 7% U'< (have a cold) Useful Verb Forms -teiru -teita (be ina hurry) isogu isoideiru isoideita alt furu futteiru futteita (have a cold) kaze o hiku hiiteiru hiiteita Answers . a) Kuruma ga aru noni, aruite iku n desu ka? 6) Minna iku noni, ikanai n desu ka? c) Ame ga futteiru noni, soto de asondeiru n desu ka? d) Wapuro ga aru noni, te de kaku n desu ka? w a) Ame ga futteiru noni, taihen desu ne. 6) Kaze o hiiteiru noni, taihen desu ne. c) Samui noni, taihen desu ne. d) Atsui noni, taihen desu ne. 254 — Lesson 45LESSON 46 What’s New? From Yan's Story On the beach. sakana (fish) tara fcod) ~cehti (called ~ (dialect) ‘Yan: Oishii desu ne. This is delicious. Kore, nan to yd sakana desu ka? What's this fish called? Fisherman: A, kore, tara cchd sakana da. —_ Oh, this is called “tara.” Landlady [To Yan, who didn't understand the fisherman's dialect. Kore wa, tara to ya sakana desu This is called “tara.” Notes Nan to ya sakana desu ka? (What's this fish called?) Nan to ya ~ desu ka? means “What is ~ called?” or “What's the name of ~ ®” As is appar- ent from the example, you can use this expression to ask the name of something by simply filling in the blank with a noun. Lesson 46 — 255‘Nan to ya [hana] desu ka? ~“Nerine” desu. ‘Nan to ya [biru]desu ka? —*Maruyama-biru” desu (What's this flower called?) (Mts called “nerine.") (What's the building called?) (its called “Maruyama building.") The response can be “~to ya ~desu.” (as in the scene from Yan’s Story), or simply “desu.” You can use “Nan to yd ~ desu ka?” in various situations, including in shops, in restaurants or when asking directions (see Further Examples) Further Examples 1. Ina flower shop. Customer: Ano, kore wa nan to ya hana desu ka? Store clerk: A, kore wa “nerine” to ya hana desu. 2. Ina sushi restaurant. Sushi chef: Nani ni shimashé? Customer: Kore wa nan to ya sakana desu ka? Sushi chef: Kore wa hirame desu. 256 — hana (flower) nerine (nerine-the name of a flower) Um, what's this flower called? Oh, it’s a flower called “nerine.” Nani ni shimash6? (What will you have?) sakana (fish) hirame (sole) What will you have? Um, what's this fish called? This is called “hirame.” Lesson 463. On the street. kono hen (around here) ginké (bank) Man: An6, kono hen ni ginké arimasu ka? Um, is there a bank around here? Umino: Ginké desu ka? And, nan to ya A bank? Um, what's the name of the ginko desu ka? bank? 4. Phoning for directions. Moshi moshi (Hello. fon the telephone)) biru (building) 2 And6: Moshi moshi, Andé desu. Hello? It's Ando. E? Nan to yd biru desu ka? What? What's the building called? A, Maruyama-biru. . . Oh, Maruyama Building. Over to You! Try asking the names of the following things using words from below the pictures. Eg. Nan to ya yama desu ka? (What's the mountain called?) Lesson 46 —257supotsu (port) yama (mountain) kudamono (fruit) Kawa (river) ] otera (temple) hana (flower) tori (ord) okashi (snack) | Culture and Life Ryokan no asa !) 4 2A & (Morning at an inn) Unlike in hotels, where rooms are cleaned after guests have checked out, the guest's futon is put away before breakfast in a ryokan. In Yan's Story, this is why the landlady comes into Yan's room in the morning. Breakfast is often served in the room itself. A typical breakfast menu would be rice, miso soup, seaweed, pickles, grilled fish, and raw egg. ‘A typical ryokan breakfast. 258 — Lesson 46Words and Phrases to Remember sakana #4 (fish) hana li% (flower) ginkd ¥A =} (bank) biru Uv (building) yama *? ¢ (mountain) kawa 24 (river) tori & ) (bird) Kudamono 7% (fruit) supdtsu 22-7 (sport) _—_okashi 33% L (snack) Answers Possible responses are also given. a) Nan to yd kawa desu ka? — Sumidagawa desu. (Sumida River) b) Nan to ya otera desu ka? ~ Sens6ji desu. (Senstji Temple) c) Nan to ya tori desu ka? - Kiji desu. (pheasant) d) Nan to ya kudamono desu ka? — Kaki desu. (persimmon) e) Nan to ya hana desu ka? — Kiku desu (chrysanthemum) f) Nan to ya supétsu desu ka? — Kydd6 desu, Wapanese archery) g) Nan to yd okashi desu ka? — Yokan desu. (weet jellied bean-paste) Lesson 46 —259EPISODE TWENTY-FOUR THERE'S ONLY ONE MORE LEFT. (For Lessons 47 & 48) l @Synopsis The weather has turned warm, and Yan has completely recovered from his shock and de- pression. He receives a phone call from his friends in the market street, who invite Yan and his colleagues to a cherry-blossom viewing party on the banks of the Sumida River. At the party, with the area full of people, they all eat sushi, drink sake and sing karaoke till after dark. @Transcription Dat Nis0yon WA Shin 1: Haru no Sumidagawa Shin 2: Daigaku no kénai Shin 3: Daigaku no kenkydshitsu (Kuwata gives a big yawn, followed by Yan and Soitd.) Kuwata: A, aaa. Inoue: Haru desu né, minasan. Kuwata: A! korya domo shitsurei. Iya, ikan na. EpisopE TWENTY-FOUR THERE'S ONLY ONE MORE LEF Scene I: Sumida River in spring Scene 2: College campus Scene 3: College office (Kuwata gives a big yawn, folowed by Yan and Saito) Kuwata: Ho-hum. Inoue: ’s spring, isn't it, guys? Kuwata: Oops, excuse me. This isn't good, is ite 260 — Episope TWENTY-FOURInoue: Minasan pokapoka suru n de, ne- mutaku nacchatta n desh6? K6hi iremash6 ka? ‘Yan: A, sumimasen. Saitd: So da, Yan-san, Sumidagawa no sakura wa mada saiteimasen ka? Yan: ie, m6 saitemasu yo. Kuwata: ! M6 saiteru n desu ka! Yan: £. Kuwata: $0 ka, mo sakura ga saiteiru no ka. (He looks out the window.) A, saitemasu yo. Yan: A, honto da. (Ihe phone rings. Yon answers ) Moshi moshi. .. . hai, Yan desu. . . . A, Ikeuchi-san. . .. £, ima, ii desu yo. E! ohanami? Itsu desu ka? ... A, kon- do no nichiyobi desu ka? Ii desu né. Shin 4: Ikeuchi-san no mise (ikeuchis taking on the phone.) Ikeuchi: . . . £, zehi kite kudasai yo. ‘Yan-san wa yotei ni haitteru n desu kara. Sorede ne, Yan-san no onakama mo isshoni dé ka to omotte ne. Shin 5: Daigaku no kenkydshitsu Yan: E! honto desu ka? Chotto matte ku- dasai, minna ni kiite mimasu kara. (Yan covers the receiver with his hand.and asks everyone.) Minasan mo ohanami ni ikimasen ka tte. Inoue: Uwa, atashi ikitai. Kuwata: Boku mo ikitai na. Sait6: Boku mo zehi. Yan: Moshi moshi, omataseshimashita. Minna mo zehi ikitai tte itte(i)masu. Episope TWENTY-FOUR Inoue: I understand. You all got sleepy be- cause it’s so warm, right? Shall I make some coffee? Yan: Oh, thanks. Saito: Say, Yan, aren't the cherry blossoms by the Sumida River in bloom yet? Yan: Yes, they're already in bloom. Kuwata: What? Already? Yan: Uh-huh. Kuwata: I'll be darned, already in bloom, hah. . (He looks out the window.) Hey, they really are in bloom. Yan: Yeah, you're right. (ihe phone rings, Yan answers.) Hello... . this is Yan. .. . Oh Ikeuchi-san. Yes, I'm free right now. ... Huh? Cherry blossom viewing? When?.. . Oh, next Sun- day? That sounds nice. Scene 4: Ikeuchi’s store (keuch is talking on the phone.) Tkeuchi: counting on you to come, you know. And we - -Yes, please come. We're already thought it would be nice if you brought a- long your friends as well. What do you think? Scene 5: College office Yan: Oh really? Hold on a second please. I'll ask them. (Yan covers the receiver with his hand.and asks everyone.) He wants to know if all of you would like to 0 cherry blossom viewing, too. Inoue: Wow, I want to go. Kuwata: I want to £0, too. : Me, too. Yan: Hello, thanks for waiting. Everyone says they'd like to go very much. 261