Core Java Final Training Report New
Core Java Final Training Report New
CORE JAVA
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY:
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project training report “CORE JAVA” is the bonafide work of
“RAJVEER SINGH(20BCS7554)” who carried out the project work under my/our
supervision.
Signature Signature
(Supervisor) (Head of the Department)
CSE
CERTIFICATE
ABSTRACT
Mobile applications can be one of the best ways to keep consumers engaged
with a brand as they are on the move. With the increase in demand for smart
phones and efficiency of wireless networks, the demand for mobile
applications has increased incredibly. Android is one of the most popular open
source platforms that offer the developer full access to the framework of API`s,
so as to build innovative applications.
CANDIDATE'S DECLARATION
RAJVEER SINGH
Signature of the Student
ABOUT INTERNSHALA
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
RAJVEER SINGH
CONTENT
1. Acknowledgement .......................................................................................................... i
2. Introduction. ................................................................................................................... 1
3. Organisation. .................................................................................................................. 2
4. Basics Of Java ................................................................................................................ 2
5. Overview Of Java .................................................................................................. 2
Features Of Java .................................................................................................... 3
Java ClassPath Setting. .......................................................................................... 4 Steps
For Compiling And Executing Programs ........................................................ 4
Difference Between JDK,JRE And JVM ................................................................. 5
INTRODUCTION
Java is one of the programming language or technology used for developing web
applications.
Java language developed at SUN Micro Systems in the year 1995 under the guidance
of James
Gosling and there team. Originally SUN Micro Systems is one of the Academic
university
(Standford University Network) Whatever the software developed in the year 1990,
SUN Micro Systems has released on the name of oak, which is original name of java
(scientifically oak is one of the tree name). The OAK has taken 18 months to
develop.The oak is unable to fulfill all requirements of the industry. So James Gosling
again reviews this oak and released with the name of java in the year 1995.
Scientifically java is one of the coffee seed name.
HP the largest IT company in the world, through its partner offers high quality Courses for 4 &
6 weeks. Few Courses in Summer Training Program are Programming Techniques using 'C',
PHP,
VLSI, VHDL & PCB Design, Data Structure using C Language, Core Java, J2EE - Hibernate
with
Spring Framework, J2EE - Struts with Hibernate Framework, Android, ASP.NET With C#,
Embedded & Robotics-Basics & Advanced, ARM, Linux Administration with Scripting,
Networking concepts with security.
BASICS OF JAVA
Overview Of Java
Java is a platform independent, more powerful, secure, high performance, multithreaded
programming language. Here we discuss some points related to java.
Define JRE
The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is part of the Java Development Kit (JDK). It
contains set of libraries and tools for developing java application. The Java Runtime
Environment provides the minimum requirements for executing a Java application.
Define JVM
JVM is set of programs developed by sun Micro System and supplied as a part of jdk
for reading line by line of byte code and it converts into native understanding form of
operating system.
Java language is one of the compiled and interpreted programming language.
Garbage Collector
Garbage Collector is the system Java program which runs in the background along
with regular Java program to collect un-Referenced (unused) memory space for
improving the performance of our applications.
Define an API
An API (Application Programming Interface) is a collection of packages, a package is
the collection of classes, interfaces and sub-packages. A sub-package is a collection of
classes interfaces and sub sub packages etc.
Java programming is containing user friendly syntax so that we can develop effective
application s. in other words if any language is providing user friendly syntax, we
can develop error free applications.
Definition of JIT
JIT is the set of programs developed by SUN Micro System and added as a part of
JVM, to speed up the interpretation phase
Features Of JAVA
Features of a language are nothing but the set of services or facilities provided by the
language vendors to the industry programmers. Some important features are;
Classpath Variable
Classpath variable is set for providing path for predefined java classes which is used
in our application. All classes are available in lib/rt.jar so we set classpath upto
lib/rt.jar.
Jvm, Jre, Jdk these all the backbone of java language. Each components have separate
works. Jdk and Jre physically exists but Jvm are abstract machine it means it not
physically exists. JVM : JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is a software. It is a specification
that provides runtime environment in which java bytecode can be executed. It not
physically exists.JVMs are not same for all hardware and software, for example for
window os JVM is different and for Linux VJM is different. JVM, JRE and JDK are
platform dependent because configuration of each OS differs.
But, Java is platform independent.
JRE : The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is part of the Java Development Kit
(JDK). It contains set of libraries and tools for developing java application. The Java
Runtime Environment provides the minimum requirements for executing a Java
application. It physically exists. It contains set of libraries + other files that JVM uses
at runtime.
JDK : The Java Development Kit (JDK) is primary components. It physically exists. It
is collection of programming tools and JRE, JVM.
• Data Member
• Method
• Constructor
• Block
Object: Object is a instance of class, object has state and behaviors.An Object in java
has three characteristics:
• State
• Behavior
• Identity
Data Types
Operators And Its Types
Operator is a special symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical
Operation. Java supports following lists of operators.
• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Assignment Operators
Main( ) Method
main() method is starting execution block of a java program or any java program start
their execution from main method. If any class contain main() method known as main
class.
• if
• if-else
• switch
Looping
Statement
for loop,
While loop
do-while
Wrapper Classes
For each and every fundamental data type there exist a pre-defined class, Such
predefined class is known as wrapper class. The purpose of wrapper class is to
convert numeric string data into numerical or fundamental data.
Access modifiers:
Access modifiers are those which are applied before data members or methods of a class.
These are used to where to access and where not to access the data members or methods.
In java programming we have four access modifiers they are
The static keyword is used in java mainly for memory management. Static keyword
are used with variables, methods, blocks and nested class. Static is a keyword that are
used for share the same variable or method of a given class. This is used for a constant
variable or a method that is the same for every instance of a class. The main method
of a class is generally labeled static.
3. block
4. nested class
This keyword this is a reference variable that refers to the current object. It is a
keyword in java language
represents current class object "this" keyword can be use in two ways.
Super keyword
Super keyword in java is a reference variable that is used to refer parent class object.
Super is an implicit keyword create by JVM and supply each and every java program
for performing
important role in three places.
• At variable level
• At method level
• At constructor level
Synchronized Keyword
Synchronized Keyword is used for when we want to allow only one thread at a
time then use Synchronized modifier. If a method or block declared as a
Synchronized then at a time only one thread is allowed to operate on the given
object.
2. Abstract class
Types of constructors
Based on creating objects in Java constructor are classified in two types. They are
• Parameterized constructor.
Static block is a set of statements, which will be executed by the JVM before
execution of main method. At the time of class loading if we want to perform any
activity we have to define that activity inside static block because static block execute
at the time of class loading.
In a class we can take any number of static block but all these static block will be
execute from top to bottom.
Relationship in Java
Type of relationship always makes to understand how to reuse the feature from one
class to another class. In java programming we have two types of relationship they
are.
• Is-A Relationship
• Has-A Relationship
A class that is declared with abstract keyword, is known as abstract class. An abstract
class is one which is containing some defined method and some undefined method. In
java programming undefined methods are known as un-Implemented or abstract
method.
The process of obtaining the data members and methods from one class to another
class is known as inheritance. It is one of the fundamental features of object-oriented
programming.
Types of Inheritance
• Single inheritance
• Multiple inheritance
• Hierarchical inheritance
• Multilevel inheritance
• Hybrid inheritance
• It's main uses are to enable polymorphism and to be able to reuse code for
different classes
Method Overloading
Whenever same method name is exiting multiple times in the same class with
different number of parameter or different order of parameters or different types of
parameters is known as method overloading.
purpose or behaviors of method they can not identify purpose of method. So we use
method overloading to easily figure out the program. For example above two methods
we can write sum(int, int) and sum(int, int, int) using method overloading concept.
Interface
Interface is similar to class which is collection of public static final variables
(constants) and abstract methods.The interface is a mechanism to achieve fully
abstraction in java. There can be only abstract methods in the interface. It is used to
achieve fully abstraction and multiple inheritance in Java.
Abstraction
Abstraction is the concept of exposing only the required essential characteristics and
behavior with respect to a context.
Abstraction shows only important things to the user and hides the internal details for
example when we ride a bike, we only know about how to ride bike but can not know
about how it work ? and also we do not know internal functionality of bike.
Encapsulation
Benefits of encapsulation
Polymorphism
The process of representing one form in multiple forms is known as
Polymorphism.Here original form or original method always resides in base class and
multiple forms represents overridden method which resides in derived classes.
JAVA ADVANCED
Package
A package is a collection of similar types of classes, interfaces and sub-packages.
The purpose of package concept is to provide common classes and interfaces for any
program separately. In other words if we want to develop any class or interface which
is common for most of the java programs than such common classes and interfaces
must be place in a package.
Exception Handling
The process of converting system error messages into user friendly error message is
known as Exception handling. This is one of the powerful feature of Java to handle
run time error and maintain normal flow of java application.
Type of Exception
• Checked Exception
• Un-Checked Exception
Multithreading
Multithreading in java is a process of executing multiple threads simultaneously. The
aim of multithreading is to achieve the concurrent execution.
Thread is a lightweight components and it is a flow of control. In other words a flow
of control is known as thread.State of a thread are classified into five types they are
1. New State
2. Ready State
3. Running State
4. Waiting State
String
String is a sequence of characters enclosed within double quotes (" ") is known as
String.
• String
• StringBuffer
• StringBuilder
Collection
Collections in java is a framework that provides an architecture to store and manipulate
the group of objects.All the operations that you perform on a data such as searching,
sorting, insertion, manipulation, deletion etc. can be performed by Java
Collections.Java Collection simply means a single unit of objects. Java Collection
framework provides many interfaces (Set, List, Queue, Deque etc.) and classes
(ArrayList, Vector, LinkedList, PriorityQueue, HashSet, LinkedHashSet, TreeSet et.
PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN
Connect Four Game : Connect Four is a two-player connection game in which the players
first choose a color and then take turns dropping colored discs from the top into a seven-
column, six-row vertically suspended grid. The pieces fall straight down, occupying the
next available space within the column. The objective of the game is to be the first to form a
horizontal, vertical, or diagonal line of four of one's own discs. Connect Four is a solved
game. The first player can always win by playing the right moves.
Results screenshot:
CONCLUSIONS
Practical knowledge means the visualization of the knowledge, which we read in our
books. For this, we perform experiments and get observations. Practical knowledge is
very important in every field. One must be familiar with the problems related to that
field so that he may solve them and become a successful person.
After achieving the proper goal in life, an engineer has to enter in professional life.
According to this life, he has to serve an industry, may be public or private sector or
self-own. For the efficient work in the field, he must be well aware of the practical
knowledge as well as theoretical knowledge.
Due to all above reasons and to bridge the gap between theory and practical, our
REFERENCES
[1] Dr. Mitali Gupta “A Study on Impact of Connect Four game in JAVA special reference
to oracle.com, IJRAR- International Journal of Research and
Analytical Reviews, vol. 6, no. 1, pp.889-893, Jan. – March 2019
[2] Dr. S. Preetha, S.Iswarya “An Analysis of User Convenience towards Connect Four
game and
Software Application,” International Journal of Management,
Technology And Engineering, vol. 9, no. 1,pp.429-433, January 2019
[3] Scott Taylor, Jr. “Campus dining goes mobile: Intentions of college students to adopt a
desktop game app,” Journal of Java Business Research, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 121- 139,
March 2021
[4] Debarun Chakraborty, Ghadeer Kayal, Prashant Mehta, Robin Nunkoo & Nripendra P.
Rana (2022) “Consumers’ usage of javaFX app: a theory of consumption
values,” Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 1-9,
Jan. 2022