DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE for G+3 RESIDENTIAL

BUILDING

DATA OF THE STRUCTURE:

• Type of the building: Residential Unit (G+3 Structure)
• Building Plan: As shown in the figure
• Floor to Floor Height: 3000mm (3M)
• Soil Bearing Capacity: 250kN/ m2
• External walls: 230mm (0.23M)
• Internal walls: 115mm (0.115M)
• Height of the Plinth: 450mm above ground level

ASSUMED MATERIALS:
Material specification:

• Concrete M20 Grade

• Steel- Main Fe415
• Unit weight of concrete: 25kN/m3
• Unit weight of brick: 20kN/m3
TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
(1,2,3)
COLUMN LAYOUT
BEAM LAYOUT
SLAB DESIGN
DESIGN OF SLAB S1:
Grade of concrete M20
Grade of steel Fe415
Lx= 3.43m (c/c of the supports)
Ly= 3.93m (c/c of the supports)

Width of the supports= 230mm= 0.23m

Ly/Lx= 3.93/3.43= 1.14 < 2.0; hence the slab is to be designed as a Two-way slab.
Assume overall depth of slab as D=120mm
Effective depth, d= 120-20-(10/2)= 95mm
Calculation of effective span:
Shorter span
i. Lx= 3.43 (c/c of supports)
ii. Lx= 3.43-0.23+0.095= 3.30m
The lesser of the two is the effective span
∴ Effective span in shorter direction= 3.30m
Longer span
i) Ly = 3.93m
ii) Ly = 3.93-0.23+0.095 = 3.80m
The lesser of the two is the effective span
∴ Effective span in longer direction = 3.80m

Load calculations:
i. Self-weight of the slab= 0.12x25= 3.0kN/m2
ii. Live load= 2.0kN/m2
iii. Floor finish= 1. 0kN/m2
iv. Total service load on slab= 6. 0kN/m2
v. Factored load on slab, Wu = 1.5x6= 9. 0kN/m2
vi. Calculation of bending moment coefficients: Ly/lx = 3.8/3.3= 1.13

From table 26 of IS 46:2000, P-91

Short span coefficients,

i) Negative moment coefficient at a continuous edge, 𝛼x -ve = 0.065
ii) Positive moment coefficient at midspan, 𝛼x +ve =0.049
Bending coefficients,
i) Negative moment at a continuous edge,
Mx -ve = 𝛼x x Wu x lx 2
= 0.065 x 9 x 3.32
= 6.370 kNm =6.370 x106 N-mm
ii) Positive moment at midspan,
Mx +ve = 𝛼x x Wu x lx 2
 = 0.049 x 9 x 3.32
= 4.80 kNm= 4.80 x 106 N-mm

Long span coefficients,

i) Negative moment coefficient at a continuous edge, 𝛼y -ve = 0.047
ii) Positive moment coefficient at midspan, 𝛼y +ve = 0.035
Bending coefficients,
i) Negative moment coefficient at a continuous edge,
My -ve = 𝛼y x Wu x lx2
= 0.047 x 9 x 3.32
= 4.606 kNm= 4.606 x 106 N-mm
ii) Positive moment coefficient at midspan,
My +ve = 𝛼y x Wu x lx2
= 0.035 x 9 x 3.32
= 3.43 kNm = 3.43 x 106 N-mm

Check for effective depth:

For M20 concrete and Fe415 steel,
Mu = 0.138fckbd2
Maximum moment;
Mx -ve= 6.370 x106Nmm
0.138x20x1000xd2= 6.370x106 Nmm

d= 48.04 mm(required) < 95mm (provided),

hence safe
Calculation of reinforcement
 2 4.6 x 6.370x 10 6
Ast= (0.5x20/415) x (1- ( √1 − ( )) x 1000x95
20x1000x 952
= 194.032mm2

Using 10mm𝜙bars,
Ast=(𝜋/4)xd2
= (𝜋/4)x102
= 78.53mm2
78.54 x 1000
Spacing of 10mm𝜙 bars= =404.85 m c/c,
194

Spacing should be lesser of the following:

i. 404.85mm
ii. 300mm
iii. 3xd= 3x95= 285mm
Hence provide 10mm@ 250mm c/c at continuous edge

Check for minimum reinforcement:

Ast min= 0.12bD/100= (0.12x1000x120)/100= 144mm2 < 178.22mm2 (OK)

At mid span along long span,

Hence provide minimum reinforcement.

4.6 𝑥 3.43 𝑥 106
Ast= (0.5x20/415) x (1- (√1 − ( )) x 1000x95= 136.22mm2 < 102.33mm2
20𝑥1000𝑥952
Ast, +ve along shorter direction at mid span= 102.33mm2

Spacing of 10mm𝜙 bars= (78.54x1000)/102.33= 404.85 mm c/c

Hence provide 10mm𝜙 bars at 300mm c/c (maximum spacing allowed)

(IS 456:2000, P-46)

Reinforcement at continuous edge along longer span=

4.6 𝑥 4.80 𝑥 106

Ast= (0.5x20/415) x (1- (√1 − ( 20𝑥1000𝑥952 )) x 1000x95=
136.22mm2 < 102.33mm2

Hence provide minimum reinforcement.

Considering 8mm𝜙 bars,
Ast=(𝜋/4)xd2 = (𝜋/4)x82 = 50.27 mm2
Spacing : (50.27x1000)/144= 349.09mm c/c
Hence provide 8mm𝝓 bars at 300mm c/c

At mid span along longer direction, provide 8mm𝜙 bars at 300mm c/c.
(Since Mu -ve > Mu +ve, gives a maximum reinforcement)

Check for shear:

ly/lx = = 1.25 (=1.3)
The design shear forces of slab, vsx = Vu = 𝛽vx x n x lx = 0.47x12x3.16=
17.82kN (maximum design shear)
Nominal shear stress, 𝜏v = Vu /bd=

N/mm2

For M20 concrete, the shear strength of the concrete= 0.28 N/mm2

Hence, safe in shear.

For short span:

(IS 456:2000, P-90)

Width of middle strip= ¾ x lx = ¾ x = m
Width of edge strip= 1/8 x lx = 1/8 x = m

For long span:

Width of middle strip= ¾ x ly = m

Width of edge strip= 1/8 x ly = 1/8 x = m

Check for deflection:

Actual span/ depth= /120= 27 < 40

Hence safe against deflection.

Check for cracking:

i. Steel provided is ≥ 0.12%
ii. Spacing of steel < 3d
iii. Maximum size of bar dia. = 10mm < d/8= /8= (OK)
STRUCTURES REPORT

19091AA064

NEHA SIDDIQUI
BEAM DESIGN OF BEAM 112
BEAM DESIGN beam 112
In a continuous beam ‘112’ with effective span l=4.1m,
the moment and shear at support are: Mu =50.35 kNm = 50.35x106 Nmm
Vu =67.51 kN
At mid span, Mu= 35.69kNm
M20 grade concrete, fck= 20N/mm2
Fe415 steel, fy= 415N/mm2
DESIGN AT SUPPORTS: at supports the beam is designed as a rectangular section.
Width of the beam, b= 230mm
Depth of the beam, D=0.3+0.124=424mm
Effective depth, d= 400mm (Assuming 8mm𝜙 stirrups and 12mm𝜙 main reinforcement
bars)
Mu =50.35 kNm = 50.35x106 Nmm
Vu =67.51 kN
For Fe 415 steel and M20 concrete; fck= 20N/mm2 ; fy = 415N/mm2
Xumax/d= 0.48
[IS 456; P- 96]
Mulim= 0.36x(Xumax/d) x (1-0.42(Xumax/d)) bd2 fck
Mulim= 0.36x0.48 (1-(0.42x0.48))230x4002 x20
Mulim= 101.541x106 Nmm Since Mulim > Mu,
the beam is under reinforced and designed as a SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM
Calculation of reinforcement:
Ast Mu= 0.87fckAstd(1-(Astfy/bdfck))
Mu= 0.87x415xAstx400x(1-(Astx415/230x400x20))
Ast=348.81 mm2
Assume 12mm𝜙 bars
ast =𝜋/4 xd2 = 𝜋/4 x122 =113mm2
No. of bars required= Ast/ast = 348.81/113 = 3.08
Therefore provide 3 bars of 12mm𝝓
Astprovided= 3x Ast = 3x113 = 339mm2
Astmin= 0.85bd/fy = 0.85x230x400 /415 = 188.44mm2 < 339mm2 , OK
Astmax= 0.04bD = 0.04x230x424 = 3900.8mm2 > 339mm2 , OK
Astprovided> Astmin Percentage of reinforcement= Astx100/bd = 339x100/230x400 =
0.36%
CHEAK AND DESIGN FOR SHEAR
Vu= 67.51kN = 67.51x103 N
Nominal Shear Stress 𝜏v =Vu/bd = 67.51x103 / 230x400 = 0.73N/mm2
[pg. 72 clause 40.1] [Table 19, IS 456:2000, pg. 77]
Shear capacity of concrete 𝜏c = 0.48+(0.56-0.48 /0.25) x 0.23 = 0.55N/mm2
[0.75-0.5=0.25] [0.48-0.25=0.23]
Since 𝜏c < 𝜏v, shear reinforcement is to be designed.
Shear force to be resisted by the stirrups, Vus = Vu - 𝜏c bd= (67.51x103 ) -
(0.55x230x400) = 16.91kN
Consider 8mm𝜙 2LVS, Asv= 2x (𝜋/4) x82= 100.53mm2
Spacing of 8mm𝜙 2LVS, Sv=(0.87fyAsvd)/Vus= (0.87x415x50.24x400)/24.66=
429.07mm c/c
The spacing of stirrups should not be more than
i. 300mm c/c
ii. 0.75d= 0.75x400= 300mm c/c
Hence provide 8mm𝝓 2LVS at 300mm c/c
Check for minimum shear reinforcement
Sv= (Asvx0.87fy)/ 0.4b= (100.53x0.87x415.0/ (0.4x230) =394.5mm c/c
Hence, 8mm𝝓 c/c, 2LVS stirrups at 300mm c/c .
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Design of Column 55 :
Pu = 1252.94 kN
Moment about shorter axis= 2.025 kNm
Moment about longer axis= 11.59 kNm
eshorter , actual= 2.025x1000/1252.94 = 1.61mm
elonger , actual= 11.59x1000/1252.94 = 9.25mm
(As per code IS 456:2000, P-42, 25.4)
emin , shorter direction= 3000/500 + 230/30= 13.66 < 11.5 mm, no need to design for
moment along shorter direction.
emin , longer direction= 3000/500 +450/30 = 21 mm > 20 mm
emin = 0.05*450 = 22.5mm
elonger, actual (4.87 mm) < emin (22.5) no need to design for moment along longer
direction.
The column is to be designed for an axial load of 1252.94kN.
Design of column subjected to axial load and uniaxial bending moment:
Pu = 1252.94 kN
Mu = Pu x emin = 1252.94x20= 25058 kNm
fck =20 N/mm2
fy = 415 N/mm2
b= 230mm
D= 450mm
d’ = 50mm d’ / D = 50/450 = 0.011 (say 0.1)
Pu / fckbD = 1252.94x103/(20x230x450) = 0.60
Mu / fckbD2 = 25058x106 / (20x230x4502) = 26.90
From chart no. 32 of SP-16, p/fck =0.06
P= 0.06x20= 1.2%
Hence, Ast = (1.2x230x450)/100= 1242mm2
Provide 2-16mm𝝓 bars + 1-20mm 𝝓 bars on either side of the shorter sides as
shown in fig.

Lateral ties:
i. 8mm
ii. ¼ x20= 5mm
iii. Therefore, 8mm 𝜙 ties are provided.
Pitch or spacing of the ties: (least of the following)
i. 16 x diameter of the smallest longitudinal bar= 16x16= 256mm
ii. Least lateral dimension= 230mm
iii. 300mm
Therefore, provide 8mm 𝝓 ties at 230mm c/c.

DESIGN OF FOOTING FOR COLUMN 55

Size of the column= 230mm x 450mm
Factored axial load Pu = 1252.9 kN
Service load P = 1252/1.5= 834.6kN
Weight of foundation= 10% of 1252= 125.2kN
Total load W = 959.8KN
Assume safe bearing capacity of the soil, SBC= 250 kN/m2
Area of footing required= 959.8/250= 3.8 m2
B/L = 230/450 or L=1.957B
B x 1.97B= 3.8
B= 1.3m = 1300mm
L= 1.95m; Say L=2.5m = 2500 mm
Area provided= 3.8x1.95=7.41m2 >2.4m2
Net upward pressure, po = W/(LxB)= 959.8/ (1.9x3.8) = 132.9kN/m2

Let, M1 be the bending moment about X-X and M2 be the bending moment about Y-Y.
Along Section 1-1,
Po= 132.9x2.5= 332kN/m
Mu,1-1 = 1.5x332x(0.442 /2) = 48.2 kN-m
Vu,1-1 = 1.5x332x(0.44-0.55) = -54.78kN
Along Section 2-2, Po= 248.18x1.3= 322 kN/m
Mu,2-2 = 1.5x332x(0.882 /2) = 192.8kNm
Vu,2-2 = 1.5x332x(0.88-0.55) = 164.3kN
Mu,max = Mu,2-2 = 192.8kNm= 192.8x106 Nmm
For M20 concrete and Fe415 steel, Mu= 0.138xfckxbd2
192.8x106 = 0.138x20x1100xd2
d= 252mm
STAIRCASE DESIGN :
DESIGN OF A DOG-LEGGED STAIRCASE
Distance between the floors= 3.0m
Consider live load= 3 kN/m2
M20 grade concrete , fck= 20N/ mm2
Fe 415 steel, fy= 415 n/mm2
Let, Riser R= 150mm
Tread T= 300mm (2R+T) should be >500mm and and <700mm
(The slope or pitch of the stairs (to waist slab) should not be more than 28° .)
Let the width of the flight= 1.0 m
Height of each flight= (Vertical distance between the floors)/2= 3.0/2= 1.5m
Number of risers= 1500/15= 10 (in each flight)
Number of threads= Number of risers- 1= 10-1= 9
Space occupied by the treads (horizontal)= 9x300= 2700mm= 2.7m
DEPTH OF LANDING SHALL BE EQUAL TO WIDTH OF STAIRCASE
The width of the landing= 1000mm
Space for passage= 1000mm
Therefore, the stair room= (1.0+0.2+1.0) m x (1.0+2.7+1.0)m= 2.2m x 4.7m= 10.34m2
Stair room dimension =2.2m x 4.7 m
CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE SPAN:
The landing slab is assumed to span in the same direction as the stair and is considered
to act together giving rise to a single slab.
Assuming the width of the landing beam as 230mm.
Effective span for flight 1= 2700+1000+ (230/2) = 3815mm= 3.815m
Effective span for flight 2= (230/2) +1000+2700+1000+(230/2) = 4930mm= 4.93m
Thickness of the waist slab may be assumed as 40mm to 50mm per meter span.
Let thickness of the waist slab, t=200mm
Calculation of loads:

i.
ii. (25kN/m2 – unit weight of RCC)
iii. Dead load of steps= (R/2) x24= (0.15/2) x24= 1.8kN/m2
(24kN/m2 – unit weight of plain concrete)

iv. Finishing= 0.25kN/m2 (assumed)

v. Live load= 3.0kN/m2

Total service load= 5.5+1.8+0.25+3.0= 10.55kN/m2
Factored load= 1.5x 10.55= 15.82kN/m2
Assume the same thickness 200mm for the landing slab.
Factored load on landing slab= 1.5x (5.5+3.0+0.25) =13.12kN/m2
Consider the design of flight 2:
Vu = 34.47kN
Maximum moment,
Mu (at center of the span) = 34.47x(1.0+2.7/2) – 13.12x1.0x(1.0/2 + 2.7/2) – 15.82x(2.7/2)
x (2.7/4) = 42.31kNm
Check for depth of waist slab:
Mu = 0.138fck bd2
0.138x20x1000xd2 = 42.31x106
d required= 123.8mm
d provided= 200-20-10/2 =175mm > d required, hence OK

Calculation of reinforcement
Ast = (0.5fck/fY) x (1-(√1 − (4.6mu fck bd2 )) x bd

Ast = (0.5x20/415) x (1- ( √1 – (4.6 𝑥 42.31 𝑥 106 𝑥 20 𝑥 1000 𝑥1752 )

= 670mm2 Consider 12mm𝜙 bars,

Ast = (𝜋/4) x122 = 113.1mm2
Spacing of 12mm𝜙 bars= (113.1/670) x1000= 168.8mm c/c
Provide 12mm𝜙 bars @ Distribution steel (minimum is to be provided)
Ast min= 0.12% bD= 0.12x1000x200/100= 240mm2
Considering 8mm 𝜙 bars, Ast = (𝜋/4) x82 = 50.26mm2
Spacing of 8mm 𝜙 bars= (50.26/240) x1000= 209.42mm c/c
Spacing of distribution steel, 8mm @ 200mm c/c.
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