THE INDIAN SCHOOL

QUESTION BANK (2021-22)

CHEMISTRY
CLASS X

1. Carbon, a member of group 14, forms a large number of carbon compounds estimated to
be about three million. Why is this property not exhibited by other elements of this
group?
2. Write the structural formula of benzene, C6H6.
3. (a) Define the term ‘isomer’.
(b) Two compounds have the same molecular formula C3H6O. Write the name of these
compounds and their structural formula.
4. Read the following and answer any four questions from 4(1) to 4(v)
Two allotropic forms of carbon which are crystalline in nature, are diamond and
graphite. They differ physically and are linked to four other carbon atoms by covalent
bonds. In graphite, each carbon atom is linked to three other carbon atoms by covalent
bond. Graphite is relatively soft and greasy. It is also a good conductor of electricity.but
chemically they are similar. Diamond is the hardest crystalline form of carbon. In
diamond, each carbon atom. The C-C bond length in graphite is 141.5 pm while in
diamond it is 154 pm.
(i) Which of the following is a good conductor of heat and electricity?
(a) Coal
(b) Diamond
(c) Charcoal
(d) Graphite
(ii) Graphite is a good conductor of electricity because (a) it has free electrons (b) it has
free atoms
(c) it is crystalline
(d) it is soft and greasy.
(iii) Which of the following types of binding forces is present in the structure of
diamond?
(a) Ionic
(b) Van der Waals'
(c) Covalent
(d) None of these
(iv) Diamond is not a good conductor of electricity because
(a) it is very hard
(b) it is not water soluble
(c) its structure is very compact
(d) it has no free electrons.
 (v) Which of the following is the structure of diamond?

5. a) Why are most carbon compounds poor conductors of Electricity?

(b)Write the name and structure of a saturated compound in whicH the carbon atoms are
arranged in a ring. Give the number of single bonds present in this compound.
6. Write the molecular formula of the 2nd and 3rd member of the homologous series
where the first member is ethyne.
7. Write the name and structure of an alcohol with three carbon atoms in its molecule.
8. An aldehyde as well as a ketone can be represented by the same molecular formula, say
C3H6O. Write their structures and name them.State the relation between the two in the
language of science.
9. Draw the electron-dot structure for ethyne. A mixture of ethyne and oxygen is burnt for
welding. In your opinion, why cannot we use a mixture of ethyne and air for this
purpose?
10. Write the number of valence electrons present in nitrogen atom, ( 7N14).
11. Write the name and formula of the first member of the carbon compounds having
functional group − CHO.
12. Name the functional group of organic compounds that can be hydrogenated. With the
help of suitable examples explain the process of hydrogenation mentioning the
conditions of the reaction and any one change in physical property with the formation of
the product. Name any one natural source of organic compounds that are hydrogenated.
13. Give reasons for the following observations:
(a) The element carbon forms a very large number of compounds.
(b) Air holes of a gas burner have to be adjusted when the heated vessels get blackened
by the flame.
(c) Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water.
14. What are hydrocarbons? Write the name and general formula of (i) saturated
hydrocarbons, (ii) unsaturated hydrocarbons, and draw the structure of one hydrocarbon
of each type. How can an unsaturated hydrocarbon be made saturated?
15. Why are homologous series of carbon compounds so called? Write a chemical formula
of two consecutive members of a homologous series and state the part of these
compounds that determines their (i) physical properties, and (ii)chemical properties.
16. State two characteristic features of carbon which when put together give rise to a large
number of carbon compounds.
17. (a) The modern periodic table has been evolved through the early attempts of
Dobereiner, Newland and Mendeleev. List one advantage and one limitation of all three
attempts.
 (b) Name the scientist who first of all showed that the atomic number of an element is a
more fundamental property than its atomic mass.
(c) State Modern Periodic law.
18. What is periodicity in properties of elements with reference to the Modern periodic
Table? Why do all the elements of the same group have similar properties? How does
the tendency of elements to gain electrons change as we move from left to right in a
period? State the reason for this change?
19. An element 'X' belongs to the 3rd period and group 16 of the Modern Periodic Table.
(a) Determine the number of valence electrons and the valency of 'X'.
(b) Molecular formula of the compound when 'X' reacts with hydrogen and write its
electron dot structure.
(c) Name the element 'X' and state whether it is metallic or non-metallic. An element 'X'
has mass number 35 and number of neutrons 18. Write atomic number and electronic
configuration of 'X'. Also write group number, period number and valency of 'X'.
20. Two elements ‘P’ and ‘Q’ belong to the same period of the modern periodic table and
are in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. Compare their following characteristics in
tabular form:
(a) The number of electrons in their atoms
(b) The sizes of their atoms
(c) Their metallic character
(d) Their tendencies to lose electrons
(e) The formula of their oxides
(f) The formula of their chlorides
21. Taking the example of an element of atomic number 16, explain how the electronic
configuration of the atom of an element relates to its position in the modern periodic
table and how valency of an element is calculated on the basis of its atomic number.
22. Given below are some elements of the modern periodic table:
4Be, 9Fe, 14Si, 19K, 20Ca
(i) Select the element that has one electron in the outermost shell and write its electronic
configuration.
(ii) Select two elements that belong to the same group. Give reason for your answer.
(iii) Select two elements that belong to the same period. Which one of the two has a
bigger atomic size?Write the number of periods the modern periodic table has. How do
the valency and metallic character of elements vary on moving from left to right in a
period? How do the valency and atomic size of elements vary down a group?
23. Why do all the elements of the
(a) same group have similar properties,
(b) same period has different properties?
24. An element E has following electronic configuration: K L M 2 8 6
(a) To which group of the periodic table does element E belong?
(b) To which period of the periodic table does element E belong?
(c) State the number of valence electrons present in element E.
 (d) State the valency of the element E.
25. Na, Mg and Al are the elements having one, two and three valence electrons
respectively. Which of these elements
(i) has the largest atomic radius,
(ii) is least reactive?
Justify your answer stating the reason for each.
26. Write the names and symbols of two most reactive metals belonging to group 1 of the
periodic table. Explain by drawing electronic structure how either one of the two metals
reacts with a halogen. With which name is the bond formed between these elements
known and what is the class of the compound so formed known? State any four physical
properties of such compounds.
27. Atoms of eight elements A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H have the same number of electronic
shells but different numbers of electrons in their outermost shell. It was found that
elements A and G combine to form an ionic compound. This compound is added in a
small amount to almost all vegetable dishes during cooking. Oxides of elements A and
B are basic in nature while those of E and F are acidic. The oxide of D is almost neutral.
Based on the above information answeR the following questions:
(i) To which group or period of the periodic table do the listed elements belong?
(ii) What would be the nature of compounds formed by a combination of elements B
and F?
(iii) Which two of these elements could definitely be metals?
(iv) Which one of the eight elements is most likely to be found in gaseous state at room
temperature?
(v) If the number of electrons in the outermost shell of elements C and G be 3 and 7
respectively, write the formula of the compound formed by the combination of C and G.
28. (a) Which two criteria did Mendeleev use to classify the elements in his periodic table?
(b) State Mendeleev’s periodic law.
(c) Why could no fixed position be given to hydrogen in Mendeleev’s periodic table?
(d) How and why does the atomic size vary as you go:
(i) from left to right along a period?
(ii) down a group?
29. Atom of an element contains five electrons in its valence shell. This element is a major
component of air. It exists as a diatomic molecule.
(i) Identify the element.
(ii) Show the bond formed between two atoms of this element.
(iii) Write the nature of the bond between the two atoms.
30. Read the following and answer any four questions from 30(i) to 30(v) ..
Generally metals possessing 1,2 or 3 electrons in their respective valence shells have a
strong tendency to lose electrons to form positive ions. Non-metals, on the other hand,
having 4 to 8 electrons in their respective outermost shells generally have a tendency to
gain electrons to form negative ions. Metallic character is called electropositive
character and non-metallic character is called electronegative character. The metallic
character increases down a group and non-metallic character increases along a period.
Which of the following electronic configurations represent most electropositive element
(a) 2,2
 (b) 2,8, 2
(c) 2,1
(d)2,8,1
(ii) Considering the elements B, C, N, F and Si, the correct order of their non-metallic
character is
(a) B>C>Si>N>F
(b) Si>C>B>N>F
(c) F>N>C>B>Si
(d) F>N>C>Si>B
(iii) Which of the following is least metallic?
(a) N
(b) P
(c) As
(d) Sb
(iv) To which of the following categories does the element with atomic number 14
belong?
(a) Metal
(b) Metalloid
(c) Non-metal
(d) Left-hand side element
(v) Non-metals are present in the periodic table at
(a) right side
(b) left side
(c) middle
(d) both right and left.
31. Answer question numbers 31(a) – 31(c) on the basis of your understanding of the
following paragraph and the related concepts. Around the year 1800, only 30 elements
were known, Dobereiner in 1817 and Newlands in 1866 tried to arrange the then known
elements and framed laws which were rejected by the scientists. Even after the rejection
of the proposed laws, many scientists continued to search for a pattern that correlated
the properties of elements with their atomic masses. The main credit for classifying
elements goes to Mendeleev for classifying elements goes to Mendeleev for his most
important contribution to the early development of a periodic table of elements wherein
he arranged the elements on the basis of their fundamental property, the atomic mass
and also on the similarity of chemical properties. The format of their hydrides and
oxides were treated as basic criteria for the classification of the elements. However,
Mendeleev’s classification also had some limitations as it could not assign the position
to isotopes. He also left some gaps in the periodic table.
(a). State Mendeleev’s Periodic Law
(b). Why did Mendeleev leave some gap in the periodic table?
(c). If the letter ‘R’ was used to represent any of the elements in the group, then hydride
and oxide of carbon would respectively be represented as________ and ________.