CRSS 201 Complete

UNIT NAME: PSYCHOLOGY OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR
UNIT CODE: CRSS 201

COURSE OF STUDY: CRIMINOLOGY AND SECURITY
STUDIES
YEAR OF STUDY : YEAR TWO
GROUP NUMBER: THREE
GROUP MEMBERS: JANELLE NJOROGE-CBT4/06621/22
MERCY NJOKI-CBT4/06588/22
BENARD KYALO-CBT4/06601/22
LILIAN NDUKU-CBT4/06598/22
BRIAN WANGILA-CBT4/06671
FRANKLIN MUGAMBI-CBT4/06604/22
TASK: HEAD AND BRAIN INJURY IN RELATION TO CRIME

As we all know the brain is part of the central nervous system.It
controls all body activities. Amongst the most important organs of the
brain that appears to be associated with criminal behavior are
prefrontral cortex, amygdala, striatum and genetics. Brain and head
injury is caused by a number of reasons either physical or biological.
Some of the reasons include accidents, falling, being hit on the head,
malfunctions of the brain, having under or over development of the
brain organs and lesions which are a region in an organ or tissue which
has suffered damage through injury or disease.
Most of criminal behaviours are attributed to the prefrontal cortex

which is responsible for the executive functions of the brain such as
decision making, emotion regulation, impulse control and moral
aspects of behavior. If the prefrontal cortex undergoes any physical or
biological injuries then its function will be altered. As we have earlier
stated, one of the functions of the brain is emotion regulation. Incase
someone gets triggered negatively and reacts aggressively, it may lead
to him or her committing a crime such as murder, robbery among
others.
Amygdala is also a small part of the brain but plays a major role in
processing emotions and links emotions to other brain activities
especially memories, learning and your senses. When it does not work
as it should it causes disruptive feelings and symptoms. It can also lead
to increased aggressive and antisocial behaviors.
Striatum is involved in reward and emotional processing. Increased
activity in the striatum has been associated with impulsive and
antisocial behaviors.
Genetics and mental disorders which can be inherited from family

genes can also lead to criminal behavior. For example when one
inherits a mental disorder like bipolar disorder from their family they
might turn to drugs as a coping mechanism to soothe their needs. In
that they might also depend so much on the drugs in that lack of them
might for example make them go an extra mile to get them for example
they might involve themselves in stealing or robberies. The usage of
drugs might also make a person make unwise decisions like raping
another woman or person.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an acute injury with potentially long

lasting complications. They are classified as mild, moderate or severe
according to features denoting the extent of the injury to the brain. TBI
can be caused by accidents, shocking news, growing up in an abusive
family, among others. TBI can lead to seizures and strokes. Sustaining
brain injury early in life can make people more aggressive when they
grow older. An example for this can be, maybe a kid grows up in an
abusive family might end up becoming traumatized and they might end
up dealing with constant agitations, restlessness, sweats and seizures.
The shock in the brain might lead a person to be aggressive and start
fighting or having a violent behaviors.
According to our research, a boy named Philip grew up with an abusive

foster father. Since then he has been struck by base ball bat¸ a crescent
wrench and by gang members who assaulted him while incarcerated.
He deal with constant agitations restlessness sweats and seizures.
Head injury is a broad term that describes a vast array of injuries that
occur to the scalp, skull, brain and underline tissue and blood vessels in
the head.
TYPES OF HEAD INJURIES
 Concussions
 Skull fractures
 Intracranial hematoma(ICH)
 Contusion
CONCUSSION
It is an injury to the head area that may cause instant loss of
awareness or alertness for a few minutes up to a few hours after
the traumatic event.
For instance,after a sudden hit and one experiences a concussion
then one might be destructive and causes property destruction.
SKULL FRACTURES
It is a break in the skull bone.We got four major types of skull
fractures
Linear skull fractures;in this there is a break in the bone
but it does not move the bone.
Depressed skull fractures;in this part of the skull is
sunken in from the trauma,there might be a cut or no cut in the
scalp.
Diastatic skull fractures;it occurs in the suture lines in
the skull which are areas between the bone in the head that fuse
when we are children.In this the normal suture lines are widened
Basilar skull fractures;this is the most serious type of
skull fracture which involves break in the bone at the base of the
skull.Patients with this have bruises around their eyes and around
the ears.
INTRACRANIAL HEMATOMA(ICH)
This involves blood clots in or around the brain.The different types
depend on the location around the brain.
(a)Epidural hematoma;in this blood clots underneath the skull

but on top of the dura,the tough covering that surrounds the
brain.This is due to tear in an artery that runs just under the skull.
(b)Subdural hematoma;in this blood clot forms underneath
the skull and underneath the dura but outside the brain. This is
due to tear in the veins that go in to the brain.
(c)contusion or intracerebral hematoma :it agrees to the
brain. It causes bleeding and swelling inside of the brain around
the area where the head was struck
(d)diffuse axonal injury(DAI):this injuries are common and
usually cause by shaking of the brain back and forth which can
happen in a car accident or shaken baby syndrome. Diffuse
injuries can be mild such as with concusion or maybe very severe
as,in diffuse axonal head injury .
In conclusion, most head injuries can lead to someone committing
crime since there is improper functioning of the brain. Some head
injuries may make a person aggressive and make them make
unwise decisions like committing murder, rape, among other
crimes.
REFERENCES
Denverpost.com
Head cases; stories of brain injury and its aftermath by Michael
paul mason (2009)
The neurobiology of criminal behavior by joseph glickson(2012)
THE END

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UNIT NAME: PSYCHOLOGY OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR

UNIT CODE: CRSS 201

TASK: HEAD AND BRAIN INJURY IN RELATION TO CRIME

Most of criminal behaviours are attributed to the prefrontal cortex

Genetics and mental disorders which can be inherited from family

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an acute injury with potentially long

According to our research, a boy named Philip grew up with an abusive

(a)Epidural hematoma;in this blood clots underneath the skull

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