Scribd
Upload
20 views

Alternating Current 01 Notes

1) An AC generator converts mechanical energy to alternating current by rotating a coil in a magnetic field, which changes the magnetic flux through the coil and induces an electromotive force (emf). 2) Alternating current changes direction regularly after a fixed time interval. 3) The average value of an alternating current waveform over one full cycle is zero, while over a half cycle it is the peak value divided by the square root of two. 4) The root mean square (RMS) value of an alternating current or voltage waveform is its effective or virtual value, and for a sinusoidal waveform it is the peak value divided by the square root of two.

Uploaded by

jaggajassos9919
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views

Alternating Current 01 Notes

1) An AC generator converts mechanical energy to alternating current by rotating a coil in a magnetic field, which changes the magnetic flux through the coil and induces an electromotive force (emf). 2) Alternating current changes direction regularly after a fixed time interval. 3) The average value of an alternating current waveform over one full cycle is zero, while over a half cycle it is the peak value divided by the square root of two. 4) The root mean square (RMS) value of an alternating current or voltage waveform is its effective or virtual value, and for a sinusoidal waveform it is the peak value divided by the square root of two.

Uploaded by

jaggajassos9919
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 38

Alternating Current

Lect-01
Today’s Goal
AC & DC Current
AC Generator
Avg & RMS Value
Pure Resistive Circuit
Alternating Current (A.C.):
➢Changes its direction
D.C Source A.C Source
A.C. Generator
➢A Generator or Dynamo is a device which converts
Mechanical energy into Electrical Energy.

➢An A.C. Generator converts Mechanical Energy to


Alternating current.

➢Alternating Current: A current which changes its


direction regularly after a fixed interval of time.
Principle:
➢ A closed coil is rotated in a uniform magnetic field. The Magnetic
Flux linked with coil changes & emf is induced.

N w
Sketch the emf and current v/s time graph.
Q) An a.c. generator consists of a coil of 100 turns and cross-
sectional area of 3m2. rotating at a constant angular speed
of 60 radians/sec in a uniform magnetic field of 0.04 T. The
resistance of the coil is 500 ohm. Calculate maximum
current drawn from the generator.

a) 1A
b) 1.24 A
c) 1.44 A
d) 1.67 A
Average value of Current: 𝒊avg or 𝒊 or <𝒊>
Q) If 𝒊=4t3 + 2t, find 𝒊avg in 2 seconds.

a) 20 A
b) 10 A
c) 8A
d) 4A
Q) Find the average current (𝒊)

a) 10 A
b) 5A
c) 7.5 A
d) 2.5 A
Root Mean Square (RMS) Value of Current
(and Voltage)
RMS Value is also known as effective value or virtual value.
a) 2 A
b) 4 A
c) 1 A
d) 0
Now, we will study about a special type of Alternating
Current which varies sinusoidally
𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕

𝒊 → 𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒆𝒐𝒖𝒔 𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 ′𝒕′


𝒊𝒐 → 𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒌 𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒎 𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕
𝝎 → 𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒇𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 𝝎 = 𝟐𝝅𝒇 𝒇 → 𝒇𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚
For 𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕, find 𝒊average for complete
cycle
For 𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕, find 𝒊average for half cycle
For 𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕 Similarly for 𝑽 = 𝑽𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕
𝒊avg =0 𝑽avg =0
full cycle full cycle

𝟐 𝟐
𝒊avg = 𝒊𝒐 𝑽avg = 𝑽𝒐
𝝅 𝝅
half cycle half cycle
For 𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕, find 𝒊rms
𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕 𝑽 = 𝑽𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕
𝒊𝒐 𝑽𝒐
𝒊𝒓𝒎𝒔 = 𝑽𝒓𝒎𝒔 =
𝟐 𝟐
Significance of RMS Current
Q) If a time varying current 𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕 flows through a
Resistance ‘R’. Find the Heat generated in time ‘t’
Q) For 𝒊 = 𝟓𝟎𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟏𝟎𝟎𝝅𝒕. Calculate a)Mean value of a.c. over
positive half-cycle b) RMS Value of Current
Q) The peak value of an alternating voltage applied to a 50Ω
resistance is 10 V. Find rms current.

a) 0.2A
b) 0.311 A
c) 0.141 A
d) 0
Q) For 𝒊 = 𝒊𝒐 + 𝒊𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝛚𝒕 , Find 𝒊𝒓𝒎𝒔
Q) An ac is given by equation For 𝑰 = 𝑰𝟏𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛚𝒕 +𝑰𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝎𝒕 .
The rms value of current is given by
𝑰𝟏+𝑰𝟐
a) 𝟐
𝟐
𝑰𝟏+𝑰𝟐
b) 𝟐
𝑰𝟏𝟐+𝑰𝟐𝟐
c) 𝟐
𝑰𝟏𝟐+𝑰𝟐𝟐
d) 𝟐

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy