Qualitative Data Analysis (Covid-19) - Update 2512

QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS PROJECT
Research Method & Analysis
EMA702
September – February 2022
NURUL ‘AIN BINTI MOHD NASIB

2021254154
Declaration:
The project is my own work except those which have been duly identified and
acknowledged. If I am found to have committed plagiarism or other forms of
academic dishonesty, action can be taken against me under the Academic
Regulations of Universiti Teknologi MARA.
Signed
--------------------------------------------------------
Qualitative Data Analysis Project (EMA 702)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 6
2. TARGET RESPONDENTS................................................................................................................ 9
THE TARGET RESPONDENT GROUP IS COMPRISED OF PEOPLE AGED 30 AND UP WHO ARE
DEEMED MATURE AND CAPABLE OF COMPREHENDING THE STUDY'S OBJECTIVES. THE
STUDY IS CENTERED ON THE PEOPLE WHO WERE DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IMPACTED
BY THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK. BECAUSE THE STUDY'S SCOPE WAS SO BROAD, THERE
WERE NO RESTRICTIONS ON GENDER OR EMPLOYMENT............................................................9
3. DATA COLLECTION METHOD........................................................................................................ 9
4. SAMPLE SIZE.................................................................................................................................. 10
5. CONDUCT DATA COLLECTION.................................................................................................... 12
5. CONSENT FORM............................................................................................................................. 13
6. DATA TRANSCRIBING................................................................................................................... 14
7. QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS................................................................................................... 15
8. QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS FINDINGS................................................................................17
9. CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND LIMITATIONS.......................................................23
10. MY EXPERIENCE WITH THE QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS PROJECT..............................25
11. REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................. 26
AZIL F (2020, APRIL 17) MCO: NOT AN OFFENCE TO APPEAR IN PUBLIC WITHOUT FACE
MASK - ISMAIL SABRI, ASTRO AWANI, RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://WWW.ASTROAWANI.COM/BERITA-MALAYSIA/MCO-NOT-OFFENCE-APPEAR-
PUBLIC-OUT-FACE-MASK-ISMAIL-SABRI-238836............................................................................26
RYAN M. (2020, JULY 30), IN DEFENCE OF DIGITAL CONTACT TRACING: HUMAN RIGHTS,
SOUTH KOREA AND COVID-19, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING
AND COMMUNICATIONS VOL. 16 NO. 4, 2020 PP. 383-407 EMERALD PUBLISHING LIMITED,
RETRIEVED FROM HTTPS://WWW.EMERALD.COM/INSIGHT/1742-7371.HTM...........................26
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) (2020, JANUARY 29) ADVICE ON THE USE OF
MASKS THE COMMUNITY, DURING HOME CARE AND IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS IN THE
CONTEXT OF THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS (2019-NCOV) OUTBREAK, INTERIM GUIDANCE
WHO, RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://WWW.WHO.INT/DOCS/DEFAULT-SOURCE/DOCUMENTS/ADVICE-ON-THE-USE-OF-
MASKS-2019-NCOV................................................................................................................................. 27
12. APPENDICES................................................................................................................................... 28
IN YOUR OPINION, HOW DO YOU SEE THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC HAS AFFECTED THE
COUNTRY?.............................................................................................................................................. 28
HAS THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AFFECTED YOU? SHARE YOUR EXPERIENCE........................28
IN YOUR VIEW, WHAT ARE THE ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN CULTIVATING NEW NORMS
AMONG MALAYSIANS TO PREVENT AND CONTROL THE COVID-19..........................................28
WHILE ACKNOWLEDGING THAT THERE IS STILL NO CURE OR TREATMENT FOR THE
COVID-19; WHAT WOULD YOU SUGGEST TO THE GOVERNMENT TO TACKLE THIS ISSUE
EFFECTIVELY?....................................................................................................................................... 29
Research Method and Analysis (EMA701) – Qualitative Data Analysis

ASSALAMUALAIKUM WBT AND GOOD AFTERNOON. AND RESPONDENT NUMBER TWO CAN
YOU PLEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF.............................................................................................. 30
HI, MR. IRWAN. IN YOUR OPINION, HOW DO YOU SEE THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC HAS
AFFECTED THE COUNTRY?................................................................................................................. 30
EFFECTIVELY?....................................................................................................................................... 31
INTERVIEWER........................................................................................................................................ 46
HI, GOOD AFTERNOON LET’S INTRODUCE YOURSELF................................................................46
SYUKRY................................................................................................................................................... 46
MY NAME IS SYUKRY BIN MD SHUKOR. I'M 39 YEARS OLD. I'M FROM MALACCA,
WORKING IN KOTA KINABALU FOR ALREADY 13 YEARS I AM WORKING AS AN AIR
TRAFFIC CONTROL CONTROLLER SORRY FOR CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY MALAYSIA 46
INTERVIEWER........................................................................................................................................ 46
IN YOUR OPINION, HOW DO YOU SEE THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC HAS AFFECTED THE
COUNTRY?.............................................................................................................................................. 46
SYUKRY................................................................................................................................................... 46
INTERVIEWER........................................................................................................................................ 46
SYUKRY................................................................................................................................................... 46
SYUKRY................................................................................................................................................... 47
INTERVIEWER........................................................................................................................................ 47
EFFECTIVELY?....................................................................................................................................... 47
SYUKRY................................................................................................................................................... 47
HI AND GOOD MORNING, PLEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF.........................................................51
HOW DO YOU SEE THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC HAS AFFECTED THE COUNTRY?......................51
SHAHRUL................................................................................................................................................ 51
OK, WHAT ARE THE ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN CULTIVATING NEW NORMS AMONG
MALAYSIANS TO PREVENT AND CONTROL THE COVID-19.........................................................52
EFFECTIVELY?....................................................................................................................................... 52

QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS

ASSIGNMENT
Topic: “Cultivating new norms to prevent and control COVID-19
among Malaysian society”
COVID-19 pandemic has not ended yet, and everyone in this world is living with COVID-
19. Until there is an effective vaccine or treatment, everyone remains at risk. We all
need to work together to protect ourselves and others. Malaysia has taken various
initiatives to address this issue. On 8th August 2020, Malaysia has launched “The New
Norma Cultivation Campaign (Kempen Pembudayaan Norma Baharu)”, aimed at raising
awareness and empowering the people to protect themselves, their families and the
community, and to help frontliners fight the pandemic (The Star, 8 August 2020).
Explore the issue of cultivating three new norms: wearing a face mask, washing hands
with soap and water or using a hand sanitizer, and physical distancing among Malaysian
society.
1. Explore the issue of “Cultivating new norms to prevent and control COVID-
19 among Malaysian society” from various sources (literature, newspaper,
reports etc.).
2. Based on the topic above, identify and select the most relevant target
participants for your research (E.g. Women, teenagers, bottom 40% of
households, teachers, customers etc.).
3. Following your selection on target participants, you need to identify the most
appropriate data collection (E.g. interviews, focus group interviews, observation
etc.).
4. Based on literature and your research justification, decide on how many samples
to participate in your data collection. The minimum sample for this assignment is
two (2) participants.
5. Conduct your data collection within one (1) week period through any online
channels (e.g. Google Meet, Skype, Whatsapp or through telephone interviews).
The semi-structure interview questions must be based on:
i. Introduction – Could you please introduce yourself (name, age, education,
etc.).
ii. In your opinion, how do you see the Covid 19 pandemic has affected the
country?
iii. In your view, what are the issues and challenges in cultivating new norms
among Malaysians to prevent and control COVID-19?
iv. While acknowledging that there is still no cure or treatment for Covod-19;
what would you suggest to the government to tackle this issue effectively?
6. During your data collection, please ask the participants’ consent to record your
interviews/focus group etc. (Please prepare the consent form for your
participants).
7. Once, you have completed your data collection, you need to transcribe your
qualitative data.
8. Carry out qualitative data analysis. You may select any qualitative data analysis
techniques such as thematic analysis, narrative analysis, etc. Please provide
justification for the selection of analysis techniques that you have chosen.
9. Based on the analysis that you have conducted, present your qualitative findings
according to APA format.

10. Finally, draw your conclusion based on the findings of your research. The
recommendations and limitation of study need to be discussed at the end of your
report.

1. Introduction
The global is currently facing a massive and deadly infectious virus that results in severe
acute respiratory symptoms such as serious lung disease named SARS-COV-2 or COVID-19.
The first outbreak was held in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and since then, it has been
widely spread worldwide. For Malaysia, the first COVID-19 case was detected on 25 th
January 2020 and traced back to 3 Chinese nationals who previously had close contact with
an infected person in Singapore. (News Strait Times,2020). The first Malaysian case was
confirmed positive with Covid-19 in February 2020 was returned from Singapore for
attending a business conference which was also attended by several delegations from China.
(Bernama,2020).
The number of reported cases gradually increased since then until the religious gathering
event in Sri Petaling Mosque, Kuala Lumpur, which led to the first wave of the virus across
the country. The ‘Tabligh cluster’ was formed. The affected attendees brought it back to their
respective states, resulting in a spike in infection nationwide. (Yusof,2021)
The movement control order (MCO v1.0) was released by the Malaysian government in mid-
March as a part of mitigation to curb the spread among the community and the overburden of
the country’s health system. Former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin made an official
speech and circulated the order under the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act
1988 and the Police Act 1967. (Tang,2020). The enforcement-imposed restrictions on the
people's movement and the closure of non-essential business premises, worship places,
schools, and institutions, as well as the closing of borders and banning of the interstates.
Besides that, the traveler who returns from overseas must undergo health screening for the
detection and 14-days self-quarantine process. (Bernama,2020). At this stage, wearing a mask
in the public area was applied to those with the symptom Covid-19 and frontline workers.
(Azil F,2020).
However, through interim guidance dated 29th January 2020, WHO issued rapid advice on
using medical masks in communities, homes, and health care centers in areas that reported
outbreaks caused by Covid-19. The guidance also suggested that the combination of infection
prevention and control (IPC) strategies may be sufficient to provide an adequate level of
protection. The strategies such as hand hygiene, maintaining at least 1M social distancing
comes into the scene. (WHO,2020). Based on the recommendation, the government started to
promote and educate the citizens on the importance of adhering to avoid the 3Cs and obeying
3Ws as well as to continue to observe the standard operating procedure. The 3Cs are a
combination of avoiding the confined, crowded in a public place as well as a close
conversation among society. As the 3Ws represent hygiene and a healthy new lifestyle which
consists of washing or sanitizing the hands frequently, wearing a mask, and warning in daily
routine such as shaking hands, as sneezing and cough ethics.
The New Norm Campaign (Kempen Pembudayaan Norma Baru) was launched on 8 th August
2020 as a part of the government’s strategies to cultivate the new norm of daily routine as
many people started to obey the standard operating procedure since Malaysia managed to
control the spread of the virus. The campaign is aimed at raising awareness and empowering
the public to protect themselves, their families, and communities, to help the frontlines fight
the pandemic. During the event, Malaysia's government also launched a booklet titled
Pembudayaan Norma Baharu Komuniti, published by the Ministry of Health. The book
compiled the guideline for the cultivation of new norms for all levels of Malaysia’s society.
(Malaymail,2020).
The objectives of the studies are to explore the issue and challenge of cultivating new norms
among the society as well as the suggestion for the government to overcome the issue
effectively. This analysis also determined the impact of the pandemic to the country from the
individual’s perspective.
Figure 1.1: The Cover of ‘Pembudayaan Norma Baharu Dalam Komuniti’ booklet
(KKM,2020)

Figure 1.2: The government strategies in Recovery Movement Control Order 2020
(KKM,2020)
Figure 1.3: The New Norma Cultivation Campaign Strategies (KKM,2020)


2. Target respondents
The target respondent group is comprised of people aged 30 and up who are deemed mature
and capable of comprehending the study's objectives. The study is centered on the people
who were directly or indirectly impacted by the Covid-19 outbreak. Because the study's
scope was so broad, there were no restrictions on gender or employment.
3. Data collection method
The information was acquired by conducting one-on-one interviews with the respondents,
both in person and over the phone. Both media were chosen based on the length of the
interview and the comfort of both parties.
The semi-structured interview is set up such that the respondent will be asked the same set of
questions, with a few more questions added in to get their perspective. In preparation for a
subsequent transcribing and analysis phase, the essential data was acquired.

4. Sample size
The overall sample size were six (6) respondents where five (5) respondents Air Traffic
Controller from Kota Kinabalu Air Traffic Control Centre and one (1) respondent from local
people. The data information of the participants was shown as followed:
Genders No of Participants
Male 5
Female 1
Working sector No of Participants
Aviation Industries 5
Retires 1
Age No of Participants
30-40 4
40-50 1
More Than 50 1
Table 4.1 : Characteristics of Participants

Figure 4.1: Demographic data based on age and gender
1.

2. Conduct data collection
The data collection has been done randomly throughout November 2021 as facing difficulty
as to convince the people to share the experience during the pandemic. The majority came
from the same industry and shared the same point of view in terms of the impact of pandemic
in general. However, when the interviews went deeper especially discussing their personal
experience, only a certain number of people willing and agreed to share the stories.
Figure 5.1 Data Collection and Transcribing Process

5. Consent form
The set of participants’ consent form can be referred in Appendixes section, as the summary
of form has been tabulated as shown below:
TIMESTAMP I HEREBY NAME AGE OCCUPATION

(AS PER IC) (YRS OLD)
01/11/2021 AGREE FOZIAH BINTI ABD MORE THAN 50 RETIRED
20:11:20 PATAH YEARS OLD
03/11/2021 AGREE MOHD IRWAN 40-50 YEARS OLD AVIATION
20:48:03 RADZIF BIN IDRIS SECTOR
16/11/2021 AGREE MUHAMMAD 30-40 YEARS OLD AVIATION
19:00:25 TAKIUDDIN BIN SECTOR
MOKTAR YASSIN
27/11/2021 AGREE KHAIRUL IZWAN 30-40 YEARS OLD AVIATION
21:34:45 BIN YASSIN SECTOR
29/11/2021 AGREE SYUKRY BIN MD 30-40 YEARS OLD AVIATION
17:58:25 SHUKOR SECTOR
30/11/2021 AGREE MOHD 30-40 YEARS OLD AVIATION
19:43:12 SHAHRULNIZAM SECTOR
Table 6.1: Summary of the Participants’ Consent Record

6. Data transcribing
The data was recorded in audio, and transcription was required before uploading to NVivo.
The transcription was completed using an external web-application called Otter.ai and was
manually edited to ensure that the data was synced. As a result, one of the data recordings
was in Malay, and the participant preferred to use a nickname for some reason. The data
transcription can be found in the Appendix section.

7. Qualitative data analysis
The information gathered was centered on the impact of COVID-19 on people and country
settings, as well as concerns and obstacles in fostering new social norms. The data was
individually captured and transcribed, then uploaded and analyzed using the NVivo program.
The data was analyzed using NVivo by coding and the list was afterwards classified properly
based on the research' objectives using data that had been transcribed (as attached in the
Appendices).
The content analysis was conducted to analyze the textual information and identify the
characteristic through the presence of certain theme within set of texts. (Muthiah P. et
al,2020).
Figure 7.1 Content Analysis Framework
The tabulated theme was shown as below:

Theme and Codes Descriptions
CULTIVATING NEW NORMS
New Norms Society's New Norms
Society Attitude How society acts or reacts during and after the Covid-19 era
INITIATIVE
Government Initiative The government initiative that has been taken during MCO and
post MCO
Economy Initiative Initiatives taken by the government in the economic sector
Health Care The government's healthcare effort
Own initiative Responders have initiated a range of measures since the onset of

the pandemic.
ISSUE AND CHALLENGE OF NEW
NORMS
Expense on PPE The respondents shared their opinion on the cost that need to
spend to prepare the PPE
Implementation of New Norms at The challenge on implementation the new norm in public area
the public area
Awareness towards New The respondents shared their concern on Societies’ awareness on
Norm’s implementation New Norm implementation
Business effect The challenge faced on business daily routine especially during
Covid-19 era
Health Issue due wear PPE The responders discussed the health issues they've faced after
starting to wear PPE.
Implementation of My The respondent shared their concerns on the effectiveness of My-
Sejahtera Sejahtera
Litter The respondent expressed their view on nowadays environmental
effect
New Norms for education The obstacles and challenges that students face in establishing a
new daily routine.
Law Enforcement The respondents touched on the enforcement of law
SUGGESTION The respondents made a few suggestions for dealing with the
issues on both the individual and government levels.
Community members The responders made a few suggestions for dealing with the
issues as citizens.
Government Perspective The responders offered a few proposals for dealing with the
challenges from the government's perspective.
THE EFFECT OF COVID-19
Economy Industry The responders expressed their thoughts on how COVID-19 has
influenced local economies.
Personal experience During interviews, responders recounted their own/families'
experiences or saw the challenges caused by Covid-19.
WORKING SECTOR
Aviation Industry The respondent is working as an Air Traffic Controller
Non-Aviation Industry The respondent is non- aviation related worker
Table 8.1: Themes and Codes characteristic

8. Qualitative data analysis findings
The qualitative study was conducted to explore the issue and challenge in cultivating the new
norms among the society as well as the suggestion for the government to tackle the issues
effectively. The studies too identified the impact of the pandemic in all aspects individually
and nationally. From the analysis, the codes were identified and later tabulated accordingly as
shown in Table 8.1: Themes and Codes Characteristic.
Figure 9.1: Hierarchy chart based on Theme and Code Characteristic (Source: NVivo)
The above hierarchy chart displays the total number of codes assigned to each theme
depending on the study's goal. The number of coded elements was denoted by the box size,
while the color shades reflected the theme's code and subcode.
According to the findings, COVID-19 has a direct and indirect economic impact on the
country, independent of employment stability or prior income contributions. As the studies
went deeper to explore the impact individually, the sense of awareness in cultivating the new
norms arose among the participants, even though the awareness was only beginning after
encountering the Covid-19’s situation with their friend and family.
‘Interviewer
sorry for your lost and what happened to your friend yang tadi cakap wife die kena- did he
take his initiative for vaccine?
Kassim Selamat
Saya dengarlah die telah mengambil Langkah...telah pergi appointment for the first dose tu
yang saya dengar la..semoga die pergi cucuk la (laugh)’
(Kassim Selamat,personal interview, November 27, 2021)
‘Yes, actually, in my experience, the COVID-19 has infected several members of my family
including my parents, my father and my mother.
… So that's what we experienced, we have very difficult timing at that time. We need to
arrange ourselves, prepare for all the foods all our all the clothes, because they will take our
my parents to go to the hospital and we have to quarantine ourself in homes and … Okay, so
other than that I think my family managed to go through the situation. But then because of
that, we have to be really careful in our daily life.’ (Taki, personal interview, November 16,
2021)
As the studies continue, the new norms have consequently been cultivated in daily routine
life since the pandemic started. The advisory was continuously announced through numerous
digital channels and as a result, the level of awareness increased gradually among the society
which brought the adaptation into their daily routine. The awareness of the new norms
among the respondents showed as they correlated the view with their initiative on the
adaptation of new norms.
‘Okay, new norm in the pandemic era is good as you will create a better hygiene and health
awareness to every individual particularly’ (Puan Foziah, personal interview, November 01,
2021)
‘Not particularly but at first it is hard to wear a mask every time at work or going out. But
when it is become a habit it is easy.’ (Irwan, personal interview, November 3, 2021)

‘We need to use masks. We need to provide some sort of social distancing and to follow the
procedures by stated by the government think that’s it.’ (Taki, personal interview, November
16, 2021)
‘Not only that, I also can see …that people are start to practice the SOP such as wearing
mask, social distancing and all the SOP that are introduce by the government, in order to
control the…the pandemic from spreading.’ (Shahrul, personal interview, November 30,
2021)
However, the participants did agree the issue and challenge in cultivating the new norms
among the society were to maintain the momentum cultivating itself. The purpose of
‘Kempen Pembudayaan Norma Baru’ launched as a reminder as many people started to obey
the standard operating procedure since Malaysia managed to control the spread of the virus.
‘The issues by the government Oh my point (point) of view (society) okay. I think one of the
most difficult thing we need to do in our society is actually the discipline of people in terms of
following the procedures following the SOP, standard operating procedures, for example,
like wearing masks, social distancing, that is one of the most important thing of… avoiding
the spread of COVID-19.’ (Taki,personal interview,November 16, 2021)
‘Kadang kite pelik dengan rakyat Malaysia ni, de telinga,ada mata ada tangan, tangan bleh
guna untuk phone tengok,telinga bleh guna untuk dengar, mata boleh tengok untuk
campaign yang kerajaan buat kan, kita dapat tengok betapa kebanyakan tidak mematuhi
SOP terutama contoh kita pergi ke tempat tempat yang ramai orang yang crowded macam
pasar kadang llu sebelah kita macam tak buat social distancing macam dia tidak rasa apa-
apa lansung ’ (Kassim Selamat,personal interview, November 27, 2021)
Another issue that arose was the difficulty of wearing the PPE (Personal Protection
Equipment) as a daily routine. Some of the participants admitted personally admit, they felt
uncomfortable applying a mask especially a double layer mask or had a health issue such as
asthma as well as those who wear spectacles. However, they did agree, the adaptation had to
be made as is a must.
‘…challenges of course there is. as you know we are required to wear all the necessaries
personal protective equipment or those who are not used to it, it become something like
difficulties and other than mask you know, we have to also put on whenever there is
whenever we have to go up, we have to put on all these people. So the challenge is that we
can't be free as we used to; go into supermarket going to shopping malls and all that no
eating outside dining out. However, we know its a pandemic. So, we have to adhere to it’
(Puan Foziah, personal interview, November 01, 2021)
‘Not particularly but at first it is hard to wear a mask every time at work or going out. But
when it is become a habit it is easy.’ (Irwan, personal interview, November 3, 2021)
‘…Not only to take consideration for those who have asthma or any sickness which makes
them hard to breath under those mask. This also affected person who wears spectacle, when
wearing mask, their glasses will have fog.’ (Shahrul, personal interview, November 30,
2021)
Besides that, an issue that considered is the implementation of SOP such as scanning
temperature and the usage of My-Sejahtera especially in a rural area where the
communication coverage is limited.
‘… Not to forget that this new norm such as temperature scanning and the use of My-
Sejahtera also sometime are unable to be done in places such as market in the rural area as
they are lack of facilities such as mobile phone or internet connection.’ (Shahrul, personal
interview, November 30, 2021)
As came to the suggestion for the government to tackle the issue, most of the respondents
agreed to the enforcement of rules to ensure the awareness continued.
‘…In order to effectively tackle this issues, I would suggest that government to make sure all
the SOPs are followed. They have to appoint officer to patrol all the area especially hotspot
area that have or has history for high cases…. Places like shopping mall or hypermarket also
need inspection regularly….’ (Shahrul, personal interview, November 30, 2021)
‘… So, I think my suggestion is that the government should enforce stringent rules or
regulation in adhering to the cultivating the new norm…’ (Puan Foziah, personal interview,
November 01, 2021)
Other respondents also suggested; besides the government, the society should play their roles
for maintaining the new norms practice.
‘…As a society, maintaining or living a healthy life would prevent if not, would reduce the
chances of getting infected. For example, wash your hands regularly with soap and clean

water, practicing a safe distance and wear a mask.’ (Irwan, personal interview, November 3,
2021)
‘…As a responsible citizen what we can do to prevent and stop these COVID-19 virus from
spread is to avoid confined spaces crowded area and try to avoid from doing a close
conversation with others and we need to do social distancing ourselves when we go to do our
daily activities. And lastly, always wash your hands with soap and always use sanitizers
every time you go out and go to clinic if you have a symptom of COVID-19 and always make
sorry. Always make wear mask as a routine while you go out and as a must.’ (Syukry,
personal interview, November 29, 2021)

Figure 9.2: Coding characteristics by Age
The classification of codes by age range versus number of cases is shown in Figure 9.2. This
categorization was chosen to represent the logic of difference that may be used in negotiating
information and action that different categories allow for, as well as to supervise the variety
of answers based on age (Krekula C., 2009).
The respondents, regardless of age, offered their ideas on government perspectives and the
willingness to adapt to the new norms in their daily routine. They also related their personal
experiences throughout the epidemic, demonstrating the impact it had on them and their
families, as well as how it altered their perspective and perception of it.
The data also show that respondents between the ages of 30 and 40 are concerned about the
consequences and adaptations of new standards across all industries, as seen by the increase
in the number of instances coded in the figure above. This finding may be used to illustrate
how COVID-19 influences the overall social system.
The perspective of responders in other age groups, on the other hand, should not be
overlooked since it reflects their worry about the health risks connected with wearing the

mask. In addition, the environment has been addressed, with a priority on the disposal of used
masks.
9. Conclusion, recommendations and limitations
As known, until this present, there has not been a silver bullet that cured the patient of Covid-
19 permanently (Ryan M. 2020). However, through the Health Ministry, together with others
such as the Royal Malaysia Police, Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, the
Malaysian government has served society since day one. Even though the pace was slow due
to limited medical facilities to handle the enormous number of cases, the team gradually
improved in terms of the quality of service and facilities, besides, hand-in-hand with the
private health sector in providing the best medical help for the society. For the government to
continue to tackle the issue effectively, the plan shall be seen from various perspectives
which require cooperation between the government and society. For this analysis, the
recommendation will cover the empowerment of the Malaysian government Covid-19 apps –
My Sejahtera.
The new norm practices that have been part of the campaign, such as wearing a mask and
physical distancing, improvise by continuously sharing knowledge of the merit and demerit
of the action. Sharing knowledge is essential to maintain and improve the momentum of
society in the action’s implementation. Since the central concept of the campaign is
'community as frontliners,' they aimed at raising awareness to protect themselves, families,
and societies. Luckily, Malaysians are still practicing the norms at this stage, as they nearly
completed the vaccination.
Cultivating new norms requires continuous effort and support from all the parties as a part of
preventing and controlling the spread of Covid-19. The communities too shall take part to be
disciplined in practicing as a symbol of unity and togetherness in curbing the cases. The
continuous campaign through numerous nowadays channels may help spread and maintain
awareness among the societies, as the challenges will be to ensure the message reaches all
places, including the rural area. However, the limitation of internet coverage may slow the
effort, as a few agencies have to consider the traditional approaches method, same as a
vaccination COVID-19 journey. Another factor or concept that the government and
community should address is environmental concerns, since trash capacity has risen, as has
the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as masks and hand sanitizer
containers.

Malaysia Government application named 'My Sejahtera' acts as a contact digital- tracing also
played a role. The application's principal objectives are the government's assistant in
monitoring the outbreak throughout the country through health monitoring access users. The
continuous improvement from the creator has developed the application more dynamic and a
company with the needs. However, the empowerment of the application shall continue for the
better in the future.
The element that shall be considered is to enhance the abilities of the My- Sejahtera Check-in
feature which is an extended version which acts as a tool and enhance the involvement from
the private and public sectors in following the gazette government standard operation. The
ability may improve by upgrading the alerting system on check-in notification that applied
for the users who tenderly missed to opt check-out by programming the radius detection and
interval time detection as the apps will send a notification for the user extension or check-out
opt. This added value may reduce the tendency of false alarms for the users to occur.
The creator shall consider studying the technologies used by South Korea to optimize the
effectiveness of digital contact tracking. The approach incorporates a Global Positioning
System (GPS) and individual data access could create and develop the travel path as the
individual contact may identify. For example, the data collection such as GPS data, time, and
location may track the affected contact route and implement pre-warning to the affected area
and also close contact for the prevention measures. (Ryan M. 2020). However, in Malaysia’s
context of societies, data transparency may cause panic and chaos among the communities,
creating a false perception and execution to the affected individual. In addition, the affected
individual may be facing a huge separation despite moral support from the communities.
Besides that, data protection security will be debated as the Malaysian government has
implemented the Personal Data Protection Act 2010, as enforced in 2013.
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The sample size of this study was limited due to the qualitative assignment's goal. In terms of
sample size, most participants are air traffic controllers, who are unaffected by Covid-19. The
experience from other departments, or from outside the circle, should be explored further.
Additionally, it was difficult to persuade the Covid-19 patients to participate in this study
because they were described as occasional cases who've been good Samaritans who
emphasized the new norms in their regular lifestyle. Furthermore, because of the role of
outbreak prevention and control, the interview session was meticulously carried out to
prevent potential cross-infection. Since this study was based solely on the 3C 3W
model's new norms routine, an additional input such as e-commerce norms might provide a
better and fuller understanding of Malaysia's new norms behaviors.
10. My Experience with the Qualitative Data Analysis Project
1. How did you find the whole project (lost, anxious, frustrated, excited, thrilled
etc.)?
At this preliminary phase of the assignment, I was feeling a little overwhelmed.
However, there has been some excitement at the climax.
2. What can you say that you learnt from this data analysis project?
This study taught me a lot, mainly about the advantages of qualitative approaches in
social science and the presence and functionality of NVivo software.
3. Did you get as much help as you needed?
I did receive the assistance and support I required in terms of advice and assignment
structure.
4. Did you try to get the help from your peers?
I contacted a peer who had previously was using the approach whilst writing papers,
and she was quite helpful in terms of sharing knowledge and emotional support in
juggling work and studies.
5. Did you seek help from your lecturers?
The instructor did assist by offering new knowledge, particularly in the process of
analyzing NVivo's behavior.
6. Did you have enough time to do this project?
I confess that remaining on pace was challenging due to my office responsibilities and
the deadlines for other courses' tasks.
7. What was the most challenging part of the project?
The most challenging component was determining well NVivo functioned and how
well it related to the qualitative analysis assignment.
8. What was the most exciting part of the project?
The most interesting element is that I was able to comprehend the recommendations
for composing the data analysis findings as well as the operation of NVivo.
9. If you had a chance to do this project all over again, what would you do
differently and why?
If I had the opportunity to redo this project, I would explore using mixed methods
data gathering for a better output, as well as fully utilizing NVivo's capabilities.
11. References
Azil F (2020, April 17) MCO: Not an offence to appear in public without face mask -
Ismail Sabri, Astro Awani, Retrieved from https://www.astroawani.com/berita-
malaysia/mco-not-offence-appear-public-out-face-mask-ismail-sabri-238836
Bernama (2020, February 4) First case of Malaysian positive for Coronavirus, Bernama,
Retrieved from
https://www.bernama.com/en/general/news_covid-19.php?id=1811373.
Bernama Infographic, Restriction of Movement Order- Prime Minister’s Office Malaysia,
16 March 2020, on https://www.pmo.gov.my/2020/03/movement-control-order/
Krekula C. (2020, Jan), Age Coding-on age-based practices of distinction, International
Journal of ageing and Later Life, 2009 4(2):7-31 retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/41026570_Age_coding_-_on_age-
based_practices_of_distinction
KKM (August,2020), Pembudayaan Norma Baru Dalam Komuniti Bagi Mencegah
Penularan COVID-19 booklet, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, retrieved from
http://www.myhealth.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/Pembudayaan-Norma-Baharu-dalam-
Komuniti-03082020.pdf
Malay mail (2020, August 6) Saifuddin: PM to launch campaign on ‘new normal’ to keep
Malaysians on their toes amid Covid-19,Malaymail,retrieved from
https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/08/06/saifuddin-pm-to-launch-
campaign-on-new-normal-to-keep-malaysians-on-their-t/1891488
Muthiah P. et al,(2020) Qualitative Research: Data Collection and Data Analysis
Techniques (2nd Edition),UUM Press,2020
News Straits Times (2020, January 25), [Breaking] 3 coronavirus cases confirmed in
Johor Baru, News Straits Times, Retrieved from
https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/01/559563/breaking-3-coronavirus-cases-
confirmed-johor-baru.

Ryan M. (2020, July 30), In Defence of digital contact tracing: human rights, South Korea
and Covid-19, International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications Vol.
16 No. 4, 2020 pp. 383-407 Emerald Publishing Limited, Retrieved from
https://www.emerald.com/insight/1742-7371.htm
Tang A. (2020, March 16) Malaysia announces movement control order after a spike in
Covid-19 cases (updated), The Star, Retrieved from
https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/16/malaysia-anno…d-movement-
measure-after-spike-in-covid-19-cases#openShareModal
World Health Organization (WHO) (2020, January 29) Advice on the use of masks the
community, during home care and in health care settings in the context of the novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, Interim Guidance WHO, Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/advice-on-the-use-of-masks-2019-
ncov
Yusof A (2021, August 6) Timeline: How the COVID-19 pandemic has unfolded in
Malaysia since January 2020, Channel New Asia, Retrieved from
https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/timeline-how-covid-19-pandemic-has-unfolded-
malaysia-january-2020-2082081

12. Appendices
DATA TRANSCRIPTION (I)

DATE: 01/11/2021
Interviewer
Assalamualaikum and, very good evening. Please introduce yourself
Puan Foziah
Waalaikumsalam. Hi, my name is Foziah binti Abdul Fatah. I'm a 64 years old retired female.
Thank you.
Interviewer
In your opinion, how do you see the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the country?
Puan Foziah
Okay, new norm in the pandemic era is good as you will create a better hygiene and health
awareness to every individual particularly
Interviewer
Has the Covid-19 pandemic affected you? Share your experience
Puan Foziah
I do face some difficulties particularly in wearing a mask as I had difficulty in breathing
especially use wearing a double mask. you know as However,as time goes by and we are
required to wear masks. So, I'm getting used to it now. So cultivating Of course there is a
difficulty at the beginning but when it becomes a norm is much more easier.
Interviewer

In your view, what are the issues and challenges in cultivating new norms among
Malaysians to prevent and control the COVID-19
Puan Foziah
As, as the saying says, prevention is better than cure. the new norm cultivated among us to
help us in preventing COVID-19 .As we know distance do play a vital role in ensuring virus
being sprayed with someone. When someone is sneezing So, it's one to 1.5 meter distance is a
safe distance. Double facemask,proper usage of preventing proper usage of mask will prevent
the virus being sprayed, and frequent washing of hands and use of hand sanitizer will kill all
the virus and the virus lifespan ,while when when the airborne is short does with all the
necessary prevention tools,and proper and adharent tools, SOP will definitely prevent
COVID-19.
challenges of course there is. as you know we are required to wear all the necessaries
personal protective equipment or those who are not used to it, it become something like
difficulties and other than mask you know, we have to also put on whenever there is
whenever we have to go up, we have to put on all these people. So the challenge is that we
can't be free as we used to; go into supermarket going to shopping malls and all that no eating
outside dining out. However, we know its a pandemic. So, we have to adhere to it
Interviewer
While acknowledging that there is still no cure or treatment for the Covid-19; what
would you suggest to the government to tackle this issue effectively?
Puan Foziah
I observe lately that every individual or everyone is very alert on their health issue during this
pandemic, so I knew by cultivating the new norm we found that you know the awareness in
of health and hygiene is high. I mean people are getting to know the health awareness their
health the hygiene of this one you know. So, I think my suggestion is that the government
should enforce stringent rules or regulation in adhering to the cultivating the new norm, using
the right PPE the right way the you know when you are dining or when you are going
anywhere that it will, it will enhance the people's awareness of health and hygiene. that it will
help you will create a better a better health a better environment in Malaysia

DATA TRANSCRIPTION (II)

DATE: 3/11/2021
Interviewer
Assalamualaikum wbt and Good afternoon. And respondent number two Can you
please introduce yourself
Irwan
Waalaikumsalam wbt and good afternoon, my name is Mohd Irwan Radzif bin Idris, 45 years
old and working as an air traffic controller.
Interviewer
Hi, Mr. Irwan. In your opinion, how do you see the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the
country?
Irwan
It is challenging COVID-19 has changed our lifestyle and our daily life massively. COVID-
19 also has changed our education system entirely.
Interviewer
Irwan
Not particularly but at first it is hard to wear a mask every time at work or going out. But
when it is become a habit it is easy.

Interviewer
Irwan
The issue is on when people are wearing a mask and they litter the mask freely. They discard
the mask without a proper way. In this issue, I think it is unhealthy. To me people should be
more discipline and be more responsible in disposing the use mask.
Interviewer
Irwan
My only suggestion is for the government to provide masks for underpaid family or family
with difficulties. As a society, maintaining or living a healthy life would prevent if not, would
reduce the chances of getting infected. For example, wash your hands regularly with soap and
clean water, practicing a safe distance and wear a mask.

DATA TRANSCRIPTION (III)

DATE: 16/11/2021
Interviewer
Good evening. Please introduce yourself.
Taki
My name is Muhammad Takiuddin Bin Moktar Yassin from Kota Kinabalu Air traffic
control centre and Traffic Controller. And I was born at kota Kinabalu,sabah.
Interviewer
Next question, in your opinion, how do you see the COVID 19 pandemic has affected the
the country
Taki
you mean Malaysia (yes) in my opinion, I think COVID-19 has been affected, affected our
daily lives in terms of how we used to do our things in our daily life, for example, like our
living, we have to wear masks. We have to we have to separate ourselves from others to
avoid the spread of the COVID-19. And then also in our jobs, we have to like let's say for
example, the meetings we have to do it online. And it's a new thing for everybody to involve..
to evolve to the new stage. Maybe this is this is the future actually maybe we should start
focus on this thing so that may be future also we can avoid such a new pandemic
Interviewer

Thank you for your opinion. Did the did COVID-19 pandemic have affected you?
Please share your experience.
Taki
Yes, actually, in my experience, the COVID-19 has infected several members of my family
including my parents, my father and my mother. (pause)
Taki
Actually, my father was infected,after he got back from the what pilihanRaya (then in English
campaign) election…election campaign, okay, get back from the election campaign because
he tried to get involved with the campaign and do some talks and everything and then come
back from the campaign and then he got infected by the COVID-19. The problem is everyone
is not aware of how the medical procedures on how do you want to do you? How do you
want to quarantine yourself? Okay. So, KKM also the doesn't have
Taki
enough preparation in terms of explaining to people how we are going to do this. So that's
what we experienced, we have very difficult timing at that time. We need to arrange
ourselves, prepare for all the foods all our all the clothes, because they will take our my
parents to go to the hospital and we have to quarantine ourself in homes and … Okay, so
other than that I think my family managed to go through the situation. But then because of
that, we have to be really careful in our daily life. We need to use masks. We need to provide
some sort of social distancing and to follow the procedures by stated by the government think
that’s it.
Interviewer
In your view, what are the issues and challenges in cultivating new norm among
Malaysian to prevent and control the COVID-19
Taki
the issues by the government Oh my point (point) of view (society) okay. I think one of the
most difficult thing we need to do in our society is actually the discipline of people in terms
of following the procedures following the SOP, standard operating procedures, for example,
like wearing masks, social distancing, that is one of the most important thing of… avoiding
the spread of COVID-19. So, the main part is the most important thing, in my opinion

Interviewer
Ok,While acknowledging that there is still no cure or treatment for the COVID-19
What would you suggest to the government to tackle this issue effectively?
Taki
I think government should maintain the current planning in terms of managing its citizen, like
to encourage people to follow SOP, to use mask and also provide social distancing and also
to convert all of other concepts in terms of how we doing our work, instead of going to office,
we can also do it at home working from home actually, sometimes it is much more better. So,
we can provide more efficiency compared we go to work, wasting our time and then suddenly
the work is also not yet finished. So, I think if we do our work outside, at home, we can finish
early and we can focus on something else that is much more important, rather than we are
wasting time so we can increase our efficiency. Okay
Interviewer
okay. Thank you for your response.





DATA TRANSCRIPTION (IV)

DATE: 27/11/2021
Interviewer
Good afternoon,can you introduce yourself
Kassim Selamat
hi nama saya Kasim Selamat, mai dari penang okay saya bekerja sebagai pegawai..penolong
pegawai kawalan udara di lapanan terbang antarabangsa Kota Kinabalu…mula bertugas di
KK sejak tahun 2014 than sehingga sekarang 2021 sudah lebih daripada sudah 7 tahun
menetap Sekarang di KK da keja KK takkan menetap tempat lain..Umur saya 36 tahun.
Interviewer
Ok Kassim Selamat my first question in your opinion how do you see COVID-19
pandemic has affected the country
Kassim Selamat
Sebenarnya COVID-19 bukan setakat negara kita je kena. Globally first kena kat China,
Pelancong China masuk ke Malaysia start dari situla… Malaysia, mulai merebak. Virus
COVID-19 ni di seluruh Malaysia dan kita telah terjerumus…telah hidup dalam COVID-19
dah 2 tahun dan effect kepada negara tu bukan dari segi rakyat saje. Juga terkesan dari segi
economy kite bleh lihat banyak business business yang terpaksa tutup, dan gulung tikar ada
yang bertahan tapi nyawa-nyawa ikan especially dalam bidang penerbangan, kita tengok
macamane airlines struggle to survive banyak penerbangan penerbangan terpaksa di
cancelkan even penerbangan dalam negara dihadkan dan penerbangan luar negara
dibatalkan dan kita bleh tgk dulu ,banyak pilot gah dengan kerjaya mereka.Pilot pun tak leh
survived ada yang kena VSS Mashallah. Syukurla ATC masih lagi ada pekerjaan tak kena
buang tapi memang kesian tengok mereka yang hilang pekerjaan. Sampai ada yang pernah
rakyat Malaysia buat kempen kibar bendera putih. Kita tengok ramai sebenarnya di luar sana
yang tertekan disebabkan tiada sumber pendapatan tapi harus meneruskan kelangsungan
hidup tapi tidak berdaya kerana tiada punca pendapatan untuk membeli makanan.

Interviewer
Thank you for your response and does the COVID-19 pandemic itself have affected
you? Can you share your experience
Kassim Selamat
Saya alhamdulilah tak kena COVID-19 tapi kawan kawan saya ade Ada seorang tu degil.
Degil..da kena kat bini die baru tau..Covid-19 ni umpama kita menentang benda yang tak
suruh pergi vaksin tak nak..Saya alhamdulilah masih lagi berdiri .. menjalankan SOP SOP
oleh kerajaan dan mengambil vaccine then booster untuk menambahkan immune badan. Saya
tengok ramai Yang…ada kawan saya yang kena dan telah meninggal.. dia kena tu masa on
the way pergi keja dengan kawan die,diorang carpool.. masa tu diorang dah ambik vaccine
Tapi buat macamana takdir… kena tak sampai seminggu masuk hospital, dia baru whatsapp
saya ,lusa tu die da meninggal tak sempat lagi doctor..rasanya doctor ada plan untuk
menidurkan dia,tapi ttiba pagi tu adik dia message aku,abang die da tak ade.
Interviewer
sorry for your lost and what happened to your friend yang tadi cakap wife die kena- did
he take his initiative for vaccine?
Kassim Selamat
Saya dengarlah die telah mengambil Langkah...telah pergi appointment for the first dose tu
yang saya dengar la..semoga die pergi cucuk la (laugh)
Interviewer
Next in your opinion, what are the issues and challenge in cultivating new norm among
Malaysian to prevent and control the COVID-19
Kassim Selamat
Kadang kite pelik dengan rakyat Malaysia ni, de telinga,ada mata ada tangan, tangan bleh
guna untuk phone tengok,telinga bleh guna untuk dengar, mata boleh tengok untuk campaign
yang kerajaan buat kan, kita dapat tengok betapa kebanyakan tidak mematuhi SOP terutama
contoh kita pergi ke tempat tempat yang ramai orang yang crowded macam pasar kadang llu
sebelah kita macam tak buat social distancing macam dia tidak rasa apa-apa lansung padahal
kita takut nak mengelak ni..aku rasa nak singgung (hahaha)… geram betul apa benda la..Hey,
kerajaan da cakap da social distancing,pakai mask and sanitizer untuk mengawal, penyebaran
vaccine sudahla kita xtau dia da cucuk vaccine ke tak. Kita da tau la da cucuk,orang lain?
Kadang kit jaga SOP,orang lain tidak jaga,nasiblah tiada undang-undang time PKP gi hentak
orang tak jaga SOP. Tu challenge dia nak mendidik kerana diri sendiri kitab oleh didik,,nak
didik orang lain susah.. degil dah tua bodoh Masalah masyarakat ni,bukan setakat
Malaysia,luar negara pun sama perangai.. dah manusia...dijadikan Allah degil dan segala-
galanya.
Interviewer
Thank you for your opinion. And for the last question. While acknowledging that there
is no until this time no cure or treatment for the COVID-19 What would you suggest to
the government to tackle this issue effectively?
Kassim Selamat
Kalua kita tengok balik sejarah masa negara kita kena penyakit SARS dulu,tahun 2009 x
silap aku, SARS dulu virus tu hilang belum sempat lagi vaccine tu cure dijumpai oleh
scientist,itu adalah disebabkan preventive measure yang telah diambil kerajaan Kementerian
Kesihatan dalam mengawal penyebaran tersebut sebab masa tu kita hanya dijangkiti di
certain certain tempat jadi kawasan tu telah dilock supaya tiada keluar masuk kawasan
tersebut that’s very good action taken By the Kementerian kesihatan.So diorg buat benda yan
sama dengan COVID-19 iaitu dengan mewujudkan SOP SOP dan juga campaign kempen
yan dibuat sebagai contoh 3C 3W . 3C tu … elakkan pada,tempat sempit confined place, too
close,jangan ada dekat dekat ada penjarakan and then contact (contact) kurangkan contact
maksudnya kalua tidak perlu,tidak payah jumpa,melepak semua,duduk rumah je Whatsapp
ade pakai je, satu lagi 3W yang kerajaan cuci tangan, make sure balik dari pasar atau keluar
sebelum masuk rumah tu makes sure tangan dah cuci macam aku sendiri ada standby
sabun,sabun cecair la dalam kereta even lepas pump tayar aku sabun,isi minyak keta pun
kena jugak, itu sendiri punyalah And then pakailah mask.Sekarang oklah walaupun kena beli
sendiri,murah tapi itulah kena keluar poket sendirila. Macam orang yang kurang kemampuan
tu,Nampak jugak kesukaran nak belikan untuk sampaikan untuk family members and then
kita juga kena warned, beringat orang sekeliling kita macma contoh oran tidak jaga social
distancing sound direct je.
Interviewer
thank you for your passion
Kassim Selamat
Boleh tambah sikit tak? (Boleh) kita sekarang tengok kerajaan bukan sekarang la dah lama da
kerajaan since awal tahun lagi kerajaan telah membuat pembelian pembelian vaccine vaccine
dari Pfizer, Sinovac ,AstraZeneca itu adalah Langkah kerajaan ambil untuk memastikan
vaccination program national ini menyeluruh dan kita lebih banyak dan sebenarnya kerajaan
lebih banyak mengeluarkan banyak duit untuk bukan sahaja untuk membantu rakyat untuk
mendapatkan vaccine secara percuma tapi juga bantuan bantuan kewangan yang diberikan
oleh kerajaan especially for those yang hilang pekerjaan kerajaan telah memberi bantuan
wang ringgit pengecualian bukan dikecualikan la macam cti pembayaran bulanan rumah,
loan,pinjaman rumah, kereta …itulah yang kerajaan buatla for those effected mostly
b40,m40,t20 (T20 dapat ke?,gaji kayangan) itulah bantuan-bantuan kerajaan. Ulang balik
la… vaccine,and then pembayaran loan kerajaan telah bantu and bantuan kewangan pada
single dan pada yang bujang dan berkeluarga dapat manfaat daripada pemberian tersebut.
Tapi sekarang sayur pun dah naik banyak,nak cover la kot.Kerajaan banyak keluarkan duit
sampai KWSP terpaksa mengurangkan pegangan saham kaunter kaunter yang besar in order
untuk membayar pencarum pencarum KWSP. Kerajaan telah memberi I-sinar I-citra. Jadi
diorg boleh mengeluarkan simpanan diorang di KWSP untuk menampung keperluan .
Interviewer
ok thank you for your response.





DATA TRANSCRIPTION (V)

DATE: 29/11/2021
Interviewer
Hi, Good afternoon Let’s introduce yourself
Syukry
My name is Syukry bin Md Shukor. I'm 39 years old. I'm from Malacca, working in Kota
Kinabalu for already 13 years I am working as an air traffic control controller sorry for Civil
Aviation Authority Malaysia
Interviewer
In your opinion, how do you see the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the country?
Syukry
This pandemic COVID-19 affect a lot of people not only the B40, but also M40 T20. Where
the lot of people lost income loss of jobs and some of them have less income rather than
before pandemic
Interviewer
Syukry
For myself pandemic COVID-19 affect me when I have less income than before render me
we I cannot do my overtime because of no traffic coming to put up by the airport due to
MCO movement control order for the new norms of pandemic 19

Interviewer
Syukry
And so, this new norms that we can see during this pandemic challenges and issues arise
from this pandemic to prevent COVID-19. We can see with this online business people, no
need to go to the shop, to the mall to buy what they want. So now they had this during
pandemics they can easily access what they want by surfing online. And with this method of
shopping online shopping, it can prevent people from being risk themselves. If they go out to
get their things..(pause)
The issue and challenges faced by these online sellers during this pandemic is rather when
they want to deliver their goods using the carrier courier. It will take some times to reach to
the customers and another issue is the quality of the goods. When arrive at customer maybe
there is possibility for this good comes in a bad shape or defect due to quality of courier
service. Other than that maybe it will become challenge to seller when they have to promote
to customers. Sometimes the things that are not being a need to customers during this
pandemic time due to all of us need to save some money for the to face these hard times
Interviewer
Syukry
As a responsible citizen what we can do to prevent and stop these COVID-19 virus from
spread is to avoid confined spaces crowded area and try to avoid from doing a close
conversation with others and we need to do social distancing ourselves when we go to do our
daily activities. And lastly, always wash your hands with soap and always use sanitizers
every time you go out and go to clinic if you have a symptom of COVID-19 and always make
sorry. Always make wear mask as a routine while you go out and as a must. (pause)

My suggestion to government to help these affected people during this pandemic, encourage
them to boost their online business is by giving them some loans, soft loans or them to utilize
the money for the business and maybe for expansion or rolling… Rolling the stock of their
business. And another suggestion that they hope, I hope government can consider to give the
affected businessman or businesswoman for income tax exemption. So it will help them to
generate some income during these hard times. And maybe government can resume all those
taxes imposed previously, when the economy is back to normal. Thank you.




DATA TRANSCRIPTION (VI)

DATE: 30/11/2021
Interviewer
Hi and good morning, please introduce yourself
Shahrul
Hello and Good morning, my name is Mohd Shahrulnizam bin Musa. I… was born in Kota
Kinabalu Sabah and currently working as an air traffic control in Kota Kinabalu.
Interviewer
How do you see the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the country?
Shahrul
Covid-19 has affected many people. In Sabah alone, I can see that many people have starting
to worried about their health. Not only that, ….it has also affected their daily life. It includes
economy and their lifestyle. I can say that almost 20% person that I personally known have
lost their job due to there is no income or their workplace has to shut down. Not only that, I
also can see …that people are start to practice the SOP such as wearing mask, social
distancing and all the SOP that are introduce by the government, in order to control the…the
pandemic from spreading.
Interviewer
Shahrul
Yes, this pandemic has affected me in many ways especially in financial. I am not directly
effected as I am a Government servant, however my family such as my sibling,… who lost
their job due to this pandemic, need support financially and morally. I am thankful to the
government because they introduce the moratorium which really help us to manage financial
during this pandemic. Not only that, I also need to wear mask daily as it is a SOP that have
been introduce by the government. Not to forget that this pandemic also… prevent me from
visiting my family due to the MCO that has been imposed to prevent the virus spreading.

Interviewer
Ok, what are the issues and challenges in cultivating new norms among Malaysians to
prevent and control the COVID-19
Shahrul
The issues and challenges that I can see in cultivating new norms among Malaysians are that
our people are not used to wearing mask…. Not only to take consideration for those who
have asthma or any sickness which makes them hard to breath under those mask. This also
affected person who wears spectacle, when wearing mask, their glasses will have fog. Not to
forget that this new norm such as temperature scanning and the use of my-sejahtera also
sometime are unable to be done in places such as market in the rural area as they are lack of
facilities such as mobile phone or internet connection. (pause)
Besides that, gathering are prohibited at the moment, or if they are allowed, there are SOPs
that need to be followed, such as make sure all are vaccinated, need to have my-sejahtera, and
have to wear mask. All meeting and training need to be conduct online which is good but not
so effective as some of those who don’t have facilities will have to struggle a bit to
accomodate their needs. This also include student who study from home (PDPR). This can
delayed… the progress of learning especially to those who need to share facilities with
others.
Interviewer
Shahrul
In order to effectively tackle this issues, I would suggest that government to make sure all the
SOPs are followed. They have to appoint officer to patrol all the area especially hotspot area
that have or has history for high cases…. Places like shopping mall or hypermarket also need
inspection regularly, and if possible, sanitize regularly, not sanitize only after there are cases
in those area. Spot check also need to be done to make sure all these mall or restaurant are
following the SOP which are introduce in the slogan 3W3C… Those who are unable to
followed the SOP need to be fined as they see fit.




CONSENT FORMS







Qualitative Data Analysis (Covid-19) - Update 2512

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Qualitative Data Analysis (Covid-19) - Update 2512

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Qualitative Data Analysis (Covid-19) - Update 2512

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS PROJECT

Research Method & Analysis

September – February 2022

NURUL ‘AIN BINTI MOHD NASIB

Research Method and Analysis (EMA701) – Qualitative Data Analysis

Research Method and Analysis (EMA701) – Qualitative Data Analysis