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Lecture 1

This document outlines the course outline for a Pharmaceutics IA lecture at Ibadat International University. It introduces pharmacy as both an art and science relating to preparing and dispensing medications. It describes the roles of pharmacists as drug experts who work in various settings like hospitals, retail, and industry. The document also defines drugs as substances that alter physiological processes for treatment or prevention of disease. It provides examples of different types of drugs and defines medicines as having a definite dose for therapeutic use.

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32 views41 pages

Lecture 1

This document outlines the course outline for a Pharmaceutics IA lecture at Ibadat International University. It introduces pharmacy as both an art and science relating to preparing and dispensing medications. It describes the roles of pharmacists as drug experts who work in various settings like hospitals, retail, and industry. The document also defines drugs as substances that alter physiological processes for treatment or prevention of disease. It provides examples of different types of drugs and defines medicines as having a definite dose for therapeutic use.

Uploaded by

abdulsqureshi2004
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PHARMACEUTICS IA

(PHYSICAL PHARMACY)
PHM 6101
LECTURE # 1

FATIMA NASIM
Sr Lecturer
Faculty of Pharmacy,
Ibadat International University,
Islamabad
COURSE OUTLINE

 PHARMACY ORIENTATION: Introduction and


orientation to the Profession of Pharmacy in relation to
Hospital Pharmacy, Retail Pharmacy, Industrial
Pharmacy, Forensic Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical
education and research etc.
 2. HISTORY AND LITERATURE OF PHARMACY: a. A
survey of the history of pharmacy through ancient
Greek and Arab periods with special reference to
contribution of Muslim scientists to pharmacy and allied
sciences. b. An introduction of various official books.
COURSE OUTLINE
 3. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES:
 a. Solutions: Introduction, types, concentration
expressions, ideal and real solution, colligative
properties, their mathematical derivations and
applications in pharmacy, molecular weight
determinations, distribution co-efficient and its
applications in pharmacy.
 b. Solubilization: Factors affecting solubility.
Surfactants, their properties and types. Micelles;
their formulation and types.
COURSE OUTLINE
 c. Adsorption: Techniques and processes of
adsorption in detail.
 d. Ionization: pH, pH indicators, pka, buffers, buffer‟s
equation, isotonic solutions and their applications in
pharmacy
 e. Hydrolysis: Types and protection of drugs against
hydrolysis.
 f. Micromeritics: Particle size, shapes and distribution
of particles. Methods of determination of particle size
and importance of particle size in Pharmacy.
COURSE OUTLINE
 4. DISPERSIONS: a. Colloids: Types, methods of
preparation, properties (optional, kinetic,
electrical). Dialysis and artificial kidney, stability of
colloids, protection and sensitization phenomenon
and application of colloids in Pharmacy.
 b. Emulsions: Types, theories of emulsification,
emulsifying agents their classification and stability
of emulsion.
 c. Suspensions: Type, Methods of Preparation,
Properties, Suspending agents, their classification
and stability
LIST OF RECOMMENDED
BOOKS
 S P Agarwal, Rajesh Khanna Physical Phramacy ,
2nd edition
 Cooper JW, Gunn C, Carter SJ. Cooper and Gunn‟s
Tutorial Pharmacy.
 Sinko PJ, Martin AN. Martin's physical pharmacy
and pharmaceutical sciences: physical chemical
and biopharmaceutical principles in the
pharmaceutical sciences.
 Bentley textbook of Pharmaceutics
 Remington: The science and practice of pharmacy.
23rd Ed. Academic Press, 2020.
PHARMACY
ORIENTATION
Contents
 Pharmacy
 Pharmacist
 Drugs
PHARMACY
 is derived from the Greek work „Pharmakon‟,
meaning drug.
 The word „Pharmacy‟ has two meanings :
 General sense – it is a place where drugs or
medicines are sold.
 Professional sense – it is the profession, the
members of which deal with drugs.
PHARMACY
 Art and science of preparing and dispensing medications
and the provision of drug and related information to the
public.
Pharmacy
 Clinical health science that links medical sciences
with chemistry and it includes the discovery,
production, disposal, safe and effective use and
control of medications and drugs.
New Pharmacy
Pharmacist
The person who is licensed to prepare and
dispense drug.

"Pharmacist is the drug expert“


What do Pharmacists do?
 Pharmacists are experts in medicines and as one
of the fastest growing areas of healthcare play a
key role in improving the health of the nation, and
ensuring patient safety.
 They work in a number of different settings:
develop new medicines
supply medicines
provide advice about medicines
 offer health services.
Other roles of Pharmacist
 Pharmacists also work in other roles where there
may be less direct contact with patients, for
example in universities, regulation, government
organisations, research, publishing and the
pharmaceutical industry.
Continued
 Pharmacists are experts in medicines and their
use.
 They have a unique set of skills and knowledge,
they train as scientists and clinicians.
 They use this scientific knowledge to advise
patients how to take their medicines and make
recommendations on the best medicine for
particular conditions and diseases.
Continued
 Pharmacists are the third largest healthcare
profession in Great Britain.
 They work in a number of different settings,
developing new medicines, supplying medicines,
providing advice about medicines, and offering
health services.
 Some pharmacists are also prescribers, and like
doctors can prescribe medicines on prescriptions.
Continued
 They also work within the wider healthcare team,
ensuring that patients receive the best possible
care.
Continued
Pharmacists must have very good communication
skills, as they are required to translate technical
medical information to patients.
They often work in busy environments and must be
organised, logical, be able to manage multiple
tasks, and remain calm under pressure.
Continued
 They should also have a good eye for detail and
be thorough and accurate in what they do.
Pharmacists work in teams and are often involved
in education and training others, so good people
skills are also essential.
Drug
 A drug is any substance that acts on the living body to
alter the physiological process and are used for the
prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Drug
 Any chemical compound (natural or synthesized)
that may be used by human or animal as an aid in
the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease.
 Examples
 Radioactive compounds
 Aspirin
 Paracetamol
 Mefenamic acid
Medicine
 A medicine is any drug which has a definite form &
dose and are therapeutically used for the treatment
of diseases of living subjects.
Why choose Pharmacy?
 A dynamic, people-oriented career in health care.
 Diverse employment opportunities.
 A flexible work environment.
 A comfortable income.
 Be part of a respected profession.
What are the pros and cons?

Pros
 Job security
 Flexible working
 Excellent rewards
 Transferable skills
 Variety
 Opportunities in new roles/settings
 Opportunities to specialise
Cons
 Competitive
 Long hours in certain sectors and
 Evening/weekend shifts
 Physically demanding in certain sectors
E Pharmacy
 The application of internet to access drugs and
diagnostics which begin early in advent of info age
has matured into portals or virtual drugs stores
popularly known as “Internet pharmacy” or “Online
pharmacy” or “Web pharmacy” or “Cyber
pharmacy”.
Continued
 e-Pharmacies are online platforms where
consumers can purchase medicines without having
to visit brick-and-mortar pharmacies.
 This makes the process more convenient for
consumers and has resulted in a rising demand for
the model across the world.
 In addition, increasing utilization of e-
Prescriptions in the hospitals, globally, it has also
led to the growth of this industry.
Advantages of E Pharmacy
Disadvantages of E PHARMACY
Where can a Pharmacist work?

 Community Pharmacy

 Hospital Pharmacy

 Industrial Pharmacy

 Primary Care Pharmacy


 Academic Pharmacy

 Military Pharmacists
 Regulatory Affairs


References
 “The science and Pharmacy” by Gennaro Alfonso
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3562902/
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3093426/

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