METRO KARUNAGARAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL

METRO II MID-TERM/HALF-YEARLY PREPARATORY TEST-3.. EX.7.7,7.8,7.9

12th Standard
Date : 14-Oct-23
Maths Reg.No. :
Time : 01:00:00 Hrs
Total Marks : 50
METRO KARUNAGARAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL
ANSER ALL THE QUESTIONS 5 x 2 = 10
1) Let the two positive numbers be x and y.
Given xy = 20
20
⇒ y =
x

Let f(x) = x+y

20
f (x) = x +
x
′ 20
f (x) = 1 − 2
x

f'(x) = 0
20
⇒ 1 − 2
= 0
x
20
⇒ 1 = 2
x
2
⇒ x = 20
−−
⇒ x = ±√20

⇒ x = ±2√5

∴ The critical number are 2√ 5 − 2√ 5

′′ 40
f (x) = 3
x

When x = 2√ 5
′′ 40
f (x) = > 0
3
(2√5 )

ஃ f(x) is minimum when x = 2√ 5

20
When x = 2√5, y =
2√5

10 √5 10√5
= × =
5
= 2√ 5
√5 √5

Hence the required positive numbers are 2√ 5

Minimum sum = 2√5 + 2√5 = 4√5

2) Given x + y = 10
⇒ y = 10 -x ...(1)
Let f(x) = x2+y
= x2+ (10 -x)2
= x + 100 +x2- 20x
f(x) = 2x2 - 20x+ 100
f'(x) = 4x - 20
f'(x) = 0
4x-20 = 0
4x = 20
⇒x=5
∴The critical number is 5
f"(x) = 4
ஃ f"(5) = 4 > 0
ஃf(x) is minimum when x = 5
When x = 5, y = 10- 5 = 5
[From (1)]
ஃ Smallest possible value of x2+y2
= 52 + 52 = 25 + 25 = 50
3) Let x be the length of the garden and y be the breadth of the garden.

Given 2 (x +y) = 40
[ஃ length of the wire = 40 Perimeter = 40 m]
⇒ x + y = 20
⇒ y = 20 - x ...(1)
Let f(x) = xy = x (20 - x2) = 20x- xl2
f'(x) = 20 - 2x
f'(x) = 0
⇒ 20-2x = 0
⇒ 20 = 2x
x = 10
ஃ The critical number is 10
f"(x) = -2
Now f"(10) = -2 < 0
ஃ f(x) is minimum at x = 10
When x = 10, y = 20 -10 = 10
ஃ Area = f(x) = xy
= 10(10) = 100m2
ஃ Largest possible area of the garden = 100 m2
4)

2
x −6x−1
Given f (x) =
x+3
2
2
x −6x−1 (−3+h) −6(−3+h)−1
lim = lim
+ x+3 + −3+h+3
x→−3 h→0
2
9+h −6h+18−6h−1
= lim
+ h
h→0
2
h −12h+26
= lim = ∞
+ h
h→0
2
2 (−3−h) −6(−3−h)−1
x −6x−1
and lim
x+3
= lim
− + −3−h+3
x→3 h→o

= -∞
ஃx = -3 is the vertical asymptote,
Also

ஃ y = x - 9 is the slanting asymptote,

5) Since the polynomial in the numerator is a higher degree (2nd) than the
denominator (1st), we know we have a slant asymptote. To find it, we must divide
the numerator by the denominator. We can use long division to do that:
x − 11
−−−−−−−−−
2
x + 5 √ x − 6x + 7
2
x +5x

−11x+7

−11x−55

62

Notice that we don't need to finish the long division problem to find the remainder.
We only need the terms that will make up the equation of the line. The slant
asymptote is y = x −11.

As you can see in this graph of the function, the curve approaches the slant
asymptote y = x −11 but never crosses it:
METRO KARUNAGARAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 5 x 3 = 15
ANSER ALL THE QUESTIONS
6) f'(x) = -3.x5 + 5x3
f'(x) = -3x5 + 5x
f'(x) = - 15x4 + 15x2
f''(x) = 0
⇒ - 15x4 + 15x2 = 0
⇒ - 15x2 (1 - x2) = 0
⇒ x2 = 0, 1-x2 = 0
⇒ x = 0, x = 1, x = -1
ஃ The critical numbers are 0, 1,-1.
f"(x) - 60x3 + 30 x
f"(0) = 0
f"(1) - 60(1)3 + 30 (1)
-60 + 30 = -30
- 60(-1)3 + 30 (-1)
60- 30 = -30
Since f"(-1) < 0, it has a local maximum at
x = 1.
ஃ f(1) = -3(-1)5 + 5(-1)3
= -3 + 5 = 2
Since f"(-1) > 0, it has a local maximum at
x = -1.
ஃ f(-1) -3(1)5 + 5(1)3
3 - 5 = -2
∴ Local maximum is 2 which occurs at,
x = 1 and local minimum is -2 which occurs at
x = -1.
7) f(x) = x log x
′ 1
f (x) = x. + logx(1)
x

= 1 + log x
f''(x) = 0
⇒ 1 + logx = 0
⇒ logx = 1
−1 1
⇒ x = e =
e

ஃ The critical numbers is 1

e
′′ 1
f (x) =
x
′′ 1 1
f ( ) = = e > 0
e 1

1 1
Since f
′′
( ) > 0 there is a local minimum at x =
e e
′′ 1 1 1
f ( ) = log
e e e
1 1
= e
log
e
−1 −1 −1
= log e =
e
(1) =
e e e

ஃ Local minimum is
1 1
−
e
which occurs at x =
e

8) The given function is a periodic function with period 2π and hence there will be
stationary points and points of inflections in each period interval. We have,

2
dy d y
= cosx and 2
= sinx
dx dx
2
d y
Now, 2
= −sinx = 0 ⇒ x = nπ
dx

We now consider an interval, (-π, π ) by splitting into two sub intervals

(−π, 0) and (0, π)
2
d y
In the interval (−π, 0) , 2
> 0 and hence the function is concave upward
dx
2
d y
In the interval (−π, 0) , 2
< 0 and hence the function is concave downward.
dx

Therefore (0,3) is a point of inflection. The general intervals need to be considered to

discuss the concavity of the curve are (nπ, (n + 1) π), where n is any integer
which can be discussed as before to conclude that (nπ, 3) are also points of
inflection.
9)

2 2
2x −8 2x −8
As lim 2
= −∞ and lim 2
= ∞
+ x −16 + x −16
x→−4 x→4

Therefore x = −4 and x = 4 are vertical asymptotes

8 8
2− 2−
2 2 2 2
2x −8 2x −8
As and
x x
lim 2
= lim 16
= 2 lim 2
= lim 16
= 2
x −16 x −16
x→∞ x→∞ 1− x→−∞ x→−∞ 1−
2 2
x x

Therefore, y = 2 is a horizontal asymptote.

This can also be obtained by synthetic division
10) Let the given function be written as f (x) = x2 ( − x)2 10. Now
f(x) = x2(100 - 20x + x2) = x4-20x3+100x2
Therefore, f'(x) = 4x3- 60x3 + 200x = 4x(x2-15x+50)
f'(x) = 4x(x2-15x + 50) = 0 ⇒ x = 0, 5, 10
and f"(x) = 12x2-120x + 200
The stationary points of f(x) are x = 0, 5, 10 at these points the values of f′′(x) are
respectively 200−100 and 200. At x = 0, it has local minimum and its value is f(0) =
0. At x = 5, it has local maximum and its value is f(5) = 625. At x = 10, it has local
minimum and its value is f(10) = 0.
METRO KARUNAGARAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 5 x 5 = 25
ANSER ALL THE QUESTIONS
11) Let the point on the circle be

Let the length of the rectangle be 'x' cm

Breadth of the rectangle be 'y' cm
2 2 2
x + y = (20)
2 2
y = 400 − x
[radius of the circle is 10 cm]
−−−−−−−
y = √400 − x2

Now, Area of the rectangle A = xy

−−−−−−−
A = x√400 − x2

dA (−2x) −−−−−−−
= x
2
+ √400 − x
2
.....(1)
dx 2√400−x
2 2 2
−x +400−x −2x +400
= =
√400−x 2 √400−x 2

For maximum or minimum,

2
dA −2x +400
= 0 ⇒ = 0
dx 2
√400−x

2
x = 200

x = ±10√2

x = −10√2 (is not possible)

∴ x = 10√2

2 2x
√400−x 2 (−4x)−(−2x +400)(− )
2 2
2√400−x
d A
Now, 2
= 2
dx 400−x
3
2x −1200x
=
2 2
(400−x )√400−x
2
d A
At x = 10√2, 2
< 0
dx

Area of the rectangle is maximum when x = 10√2

−−− −−−−− − −−
y = √ 400 − 200 = √ 200 = 10√2

∴ x = y = 10√2

Length of the rectangls = 10√2 cm

Breadth of the rectangls = 10√2 cm
12) Let us take the semi circle with center (0, 0) an radius r

x = r cos θ,
y = r sin θ
ஃ Length of the rectangle = 2x = 2r cos θ
Breadth of the rectangle = y = r sin θ
ஃ Area = 2xy = 2r2 cos θ sin θ
= r2 sin 2θ
Letf'(θ) = r2 2 cos 2θ
f(θ) = r2cosθ sinθ
⇒ 2r2 cos 2θ = 0
π
⇒ cos2θ = 0 = cos
2
π
⇒ 2θ =
2
π
⇒ θ =
4
′′ 2
f = 2r (2) − (−sin2θ)

= −4r sin2θ
2

′′ 4π 2 π
∴ f ( ) = −4r sin2 ( )
4 4
2 π 2
= −4r sin
2
= 4r < 0

ஃ f(θ) is maximum when

π
θ =
4

ஃ Length of the rectangle

π
(x) = 2ros
4
1
= 2r × = √2r
√2

ஃ Breadth of the rectangle = y = r sin θ

π
= rsin = r
4 √2

13) Since the open box has square area, let the length, breadth and height of the box
be I, l and b cm respectively.
ஃ Surface area = l2 + 41b = 108
108
⇒ l + 4b =
l
108
⇒ 4b = − 1
l
108 l
⇒ b = −
4l 4
27 l
⇒ b = −
l 4

Let f(1) = Volume of the box = 1 × 1 × b = l2 b

2 27 l
= l ( −
4
)
l
3
l
f (1) = 27l −
4
2
′ 3l
f (l) = 27 −
4

f'(1) = 0
2
3l
⇒ 27 − = 0
4
2
3l
⇒ = 27
4
2 4
⇒ l =/
27 × = 36
/
3

⇒ 1 = ±6
⇒ 1 = 6
ஃThe critical number is 6
′′ 6l 3l
f (l) = =
4 2
3(6)
′′
∴ f (6) = − < 0
2

ஃ f"(1) is maximum when l = 6

27 6
When l = 6,b =
6
−
4
9 3 6
= 2 − 2 = 2 = 3cm
Hence the dimensions of the required box are 6 cm, 6 cm and 3 cm respectively.
14) Given AC = b and CD = a
Let hand r be the height and radius of the cylinder
ஃ AB = AC - BC = b - h
In the diagram

ΔABE - ΔACD
AB AC
∴ =
BE CD
b−h b
⇒ =
r a
a(b−h)
⇒ r =
b
2
Volume of the cylinder = πr h

a 2
= π( (b − b) h)
b
2
a 2
= π 2
(b − h) h
b
2
a 2 2
= π 2
(b + h − 2bh) h
b
2
πa 2 2 3
V = 2
(b h + h )
b

Differentiating with respect to 'h',

2
dV a 2 2
= 2
π (b + 3h − 4bh)
dh b
dV 2 2
= 0 ⇒ b − 4bh + 3j = 0
dh

⇒ (b − 3h) + (b − h) = 0 ⇒ b − 3h = 0 or b = h
b
⇒ h = asb ≠ h
3
2
dV a b
2
= 2
π (6 ( ) − 4b)
dh b 3
2 2
d V a b
( 2
) = 2
π (6 ( ) − 4b)
dh b
b 3
at h=
3
2
a
= 2
π(−2b) < 0
b

ஃ V is maximum at h = 3
b

ஃ Maximum volume of the cylinder

2
πa 2
V = 2
(b − h) h
b
2 2
πa b b b
= 2
(b −
3
) (
3
) [∴ h =
3
]
b
2 2
πa 2b b
= 2
( ) (
3
)
b 3
2
2 4b̸
πa b 4 1 2
= 2
( )( ) = ( π a b)
b̸ 9 3 9 3

4
= 9
(Volume of the cone)
4
Hence, volume of the largest cylinder that can be hidden underneath is 9
times
volume of the cone.
15) Differentiating with respect to x, we get
f'(x) = 24x5-24x3
= 24x3(x2-1)
= 24x3(x+1)(x-1)
f'(x) = 0 ⇒ x = −1, 0, 1.
Hence the critical numbers are x = −1, 0, 1
Now, f''(x) = 120x4-72x2 = 24x2(5x2-3)
⇒ f''(-1) = 48, f''(0) = 0, f''(1) = 48.

As f "(−1) and f "(1) are positive by the second derivative test, the function f (x) has
local minimum. But at x = 0 , f "(0) = 0.
That is the second derivative test does not give any information about local extrema
at x = 0. Therefore, we need to go back to the first derivative test. The intervals of
monotonicity is tabulated in the table 7.8.
Interval (−∞,−1) (−1,0) (0,1) (1,∞)
Sign of f'(x) - + - +
strictly strictly strictly strictly
Monotonicity
decreasing increasing decreasing increasing

By the first derivative test f(x) has local minimum at x = −1, its local minimum value
is −2.
At x = 0 , the function f(x) has local maximum at x = 0 , and its local maximum
value is 0. At x = 1, the function f (x) has local minimum at x = 1, and its local
minimum value is −2.
Remark
When the second derivative vanishes, we have no information about extrema. We
have used the first derivative test to find out the extrema of the function!