2021 Eng Paper 1 Ans

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Marking Schemes

This document was preparedfor markers' reference. It should not be regarded as a set ofmodel answers.
Candidates and teachers who were not involved in the marking process are advised to interpret its content
with care.

Paper 1 (Reading)
Part A (compulsory section)
1. A [59]
2. D [43]
3. C [72]
4. i) Not Given [88]
ii) False [82]
iii) True [84]
5. B [67]
6. they have thick crust and a heavy layer of / lots of cheese (and a bad flavor I taste) [18]
7. i) yums [85]
ii) moreish [75]
8. feel guilty / regret when / after eating (fast food) // (usually think that) fast food / it is unhealthy (but irresistible /
like it) [33]
9. serious / high / fine dining // people who feel / feeling as though dining out has become (a bit) serious (of late) //
taking dining too seriously [3]
10. visiting I stopping / eating / going to (the restaurant / Food Garage) H having a meal / food (at a restaurant) [52]
II. i) (classic) fast food // food [59]
ii) locally [34]
iii) healthy [39]
iv) teenagers [44]
12. (they are) losing customers / market (share) // fewer people buying their products // shoppers / customers
switched to fresh and organic alternatives / food // to win the market (share) (they have) lost // to win back
(the) market share [58]
13. (to check) jf / whether I (dis)like / have negative reactions processed I packaged food (and
readers / you I attitudes towards // choose // beverage) / Big Food
care about
[20]
may be / are part of Big Food’s multi-billion-dollar problem

(to check) your / readers’ / people’s reactions / attitudes towards processed / packaged food / Big Food

14. (artificially / unhealthy) processed food // Big Food // packaged food (sold by top 25 US food and beverage
companies) // products of / food produced by multi-national packaged food companies [37]
15. disdain [68]
16. A [46]
17. A [61]
18. the Big Food companies are losing I continue to lose reputation I business I market share // the market share of
Big Food companies is decreasing / declining [4]
19. processed food is / was used / designed to prevent food poisoning but (now / today) it is regarded as unhealthy [8]

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20. i) • convenience // convenient [71]
• prevent food poisoning - any two
ii) .■* (can) last long(er) [53]

21. D [56]
22. (why) bread lasts a long time / 25 days / not going stale [63]

23. Big Food // food giants // consumers / customers / shoppers who like fresh /
major / big / multinational processed I organic food / alternatives // consumers /
packaged / food companies II vs. customers / shoppers who eat healthy food / who [5]
the top 25 U.S. food and beverage companies are health conscious

24. clout [75]


25. i) False [33]
0 False [56]
ii) Not Given [55]
26. i) (buyers / buyers’) consortium [39]
ii) certified [54]
iii) environmentally (-) friendly // more environmentally-friendly [72]
iv) herbs [26]
27. i) engagement [49]
ii) training [48]
iii) rewards [64]
iv) innovation [35]

Part Bl (easier section)


28. B [78]
29. 5 // five (people) [84]
30. B [89]
31. (the / some concrete) plant holders / planters (outside) [42]

32. D [54]
33. (the / some) flowering plants (around the front doors) [63]
34. (his / her) disagreement / opposition (about the suggestion of putting plants at the entrance) // s/he disagrees
(with others / (the idea of putting plants at the entrance)) // putting plants at the entrance is not a good idea /
does not work [6]
35. C [79]
36. vibrant [72]
37. excessive [41]
38. C [60]
39. D [76]
40. B [72]
41. i) False [55]
ii) True [42]
iii) True [59]
iv) False [49]

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42. i) Positive [82]
ii) Neutral [64]
iii) Positive [78]
iv) Negative [79]
43. i) D [64]
ii) F [51]
iii) B [72]
iv) E [49]
v) C [67]
44. i) flowers [29]
ii) water [14]
iii) loose // loosely=packed [6]
iv) air // airflow // airflow [50]
v) indoors [0-2]
vi) light // sun // sunlight // sunshine // heat [7]
vii) frequently // regularly // often [67]
viii) cold//dry [61]
ix) poisonous // toxic [67]
45. i) Y+N [66]
ii) Y+N [50]
iii) N + N [61]
iv) Y+N [59]
46. i) D [57]
ii) C [65]
iii) D [56]

Part B2 (more difficult section)


47. c [68]
48. (our nearest) celestial neighbour / neighbor [51]
49. B [56]
50. i) one footstep made by (a) man I Neil Armstrong I astronaut // a step by Neil Armstrong (on the Moon) [54]
ii) the progress / big step / achievements / improvement I breakthrough made by human beings [ 15]
51. miracle [79]
52. (our / the planet) Earth [93]
53. B [85]
54. B [20]
55. (a) brief interval [37]
56. C [83]
57. i) ferry / transport to Mars [44]
ii) (using / made out of) materials located on Mars / on the planet I there } [43]
iii) solar(-)power(ed) // (the) sun II solar (energy) // sunlight [65]
iv) emit / produce carbon dioxide / CO2 / greenhouse gas(es) (into the atmosphere) [78]

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V) (absorb carbon dioxide / CO2 and) emit / produce oxygen / O2// mimic photosynthesis // to oxygenate
Mars / the Martian atmosphere // to convert carbon dioxide to oxygen [69]
vi) (using / growing) photosynthetic bacteria / algae [62]
vio" • wanner / higher temperature(s) // temperature suitable for humans / [45]
similar to Earth
viii) [26]
• higher oxygen // oxygenated // oxygen level suitable for humans any two
• thicker / thickened atmosphere / increased atmospheric pressure /
pressure of atmosphere

58. A [67]
59. A [71]
60. (a/the) planetary park system (approach) // (a/the) planetary park system (that would bar the landing of
spacecraft in protected areas) (to prevent destruction of the environment) [35]
61. indigenous // (the) indigenous people [67]
62. (all) human beings // (all) humans // humankind // mankind // the human race [56]
63. i) False [65]
ii) True [58]
iii) True [68]
iv) Not Given [80]
v) False [50]
vi) False [73]
64. A [84]
65. i) cause / lead to biological contamination (to planets in our solar system) // biologically contaminate (the)
other planets [20]
ii) be beneficial // bring benefits to / benefit (areas of) (the) other planets / (the) unspoilt / unspoiled
environments [25]
iii) (the) national parks service of the US/USA [11]
iv) the invasion of the Americas by Europeans // it / the discovery I exploration may/would/could lead to
dire consequences for the indigenous life(forms) / species [12]
v) made / livable and comfortable // transformed I turned into livable environments / planets [10]
vi) human beings can make ((the) Earth and) other planets / other worlds (more) livable and comfortable
// human beings / we can do that / so / this / it [3]
vii) harmful / destructive to (the) endemic ecosystems // unethical (with the potential to destroy (the) endemic
ecosystems) // ethically unjustified [8]
viii) the same right // an equal right [3]
66. i) E [88]
ii) A [93]
iii) F [87]

Note: Figures in square brackets represent the percentage ofcandidates awarded a point for the item.
Points within this } bracket can be in any order.
/ = alternative acceptable word(s) / phrase(s) within an answer
// = alternative answer(s)
( ) = word(s) or phrase(s) which are NOT essential to the answer
= underlined word(s) must be present in the answer

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