8 LF 2 Grammar Test No 4 Mock 2011-05-31

1. Modal auxiliaries and their substitutes

Remember: can / may is substituted by be allowed to
must not is substituted by not be allowed to
can is substituted by be able to
cannot is substituted by not be able to
must is substituted by have to
need not is substituted by not have to (mit "do" umschreiben!)
if you use other tenses than the present simple.
However, these substitues are also used in the present tense.

1.1. Put the following sentences into the present simple, the will future, the past simple, the present
perfect and the past perfect. Always use the substitutes.

1.1.1. I need not read this book. _________________________________________________________

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1.1.2. Sam must clean his bike. ____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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1.1.3. Mike can drive a car. (Fähigkeit) ______________________________________________________
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1.1.4. Mike can drive his father's car. (Erlaubnis) ______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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1.1.5. I must not use my mobile at school. ___________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
1.1.6. Mr Jones cannot speak Spanish. ______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

1.2. Turn each of your changed sentences into a question.

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2. Conditional I, II and III

Remember: Conditional I - main clause in the will future / if-clause in the present simple
>>> If it rains tomorrow, we will not go swimming.
(möglich, wahrscheinlich, da auf die Zukunft bezogen)
Conditional II - main clause would + infinitive / if-clause in the past simple
>>> You would understand me if you listened to me.
(möglich, aber eher unwahrscheinlich)
Conditional III - main clause would + have + past participle / if-clause in the past perfect
>>> If it had not rained yesterday, we would have gone swimming.
(unmöglich, da in der Vergangenheit)

2.1 Fill in the correct verb forms in all types of conditionals given in the brackets.

2.1.1. I ____________________________ (tell) you about it if you ___________________ (ask) me. (C. I)
I ____________________________ (tell) you about it if you ___________________ (ask) me. (C. II)
I ____________________________ (tell) you about it if you ___________________ (ask) me. (C. III)

2.1.2. If I ________________________ (have) the choice, I _______________________ (take) part in the

competition. (Conditional I)
If I ________________________ (have) the choice, I _______________________ (take) part in the
competition. (Conditional II)
If I ________________________ (have) the choice, I _______________________ (take) part in the
competition. (Conditional III)

2.1.3. We ___________________________ (watch) the play if our drama group _____________________

_________________________________ (perform) it on Monday. (Conditional I)
We ___________________________ (watch) the play if our drama group _____________________
_________________________________ (perform) it on Monday. (Conditional II)

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 We ___________________________ (watch) the play if our drama group _____________________
_________________________________ (perform) it on Monday. (Conditional III)

3. The Passive

Remember: The passive is used if it is important what has been done, not who has done it.
It is formed by a form of "to be" and the past participle of the main verb.
The subject of the active sentence becomes the by-agent of the passive sentence.
The object of the passive sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence.
Often the by-agent is omitted.

3.1. Turn the following active sentences into the passive. Use a by-agent.

3.1.1. Father washes the car. ____________________________________________________________

3.1.2. Samira did the homework. _________________________________________________________

3.1.3. The town has repaired the streets.

_______________________________________________________________________________
3.1.4. The band will play the song tomorrow.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.1.5. My parents are going to buy a new car.
_______________________________________________________________________________

3.2. Turn the following active sentences without using a by-agent.

3.2.1. Are you collecting old clothes here?

_______________________________________________________________________________
3.2.2. Will they catch the thieves?
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.2.3. Did they feed the cat regularly?
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.2.4. Must we turn off our mobiles?
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.2.5. The pupils should clean the classrooms after the last period.
_______________________________________________________________________________

4. Reported Speech
4.1. Reported statements

Remember: present simple turns into past simple

present progressive turns into past progressive
will future turns into would + infinitive
present perfect simple turns into past perfect simple
present perfect progressive turns into past perfect progressive
past simple turns into past perfect simple
past progressive turns into past perfect progressive
going-to future turns into was / were going to + infinitive
would + infinitive remains the same
past perfect simple remains the same
past perfect progressive remains the same
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 today turns into that day
yesterday turns into the day before
last week / month / year turns into the week before / the month before / the year before
next week turns into the following week / a week later
here turns into there
this / these turns into that / those
I / my / me turns into she / her / her or he / his / him
if the person speaking is not "I".
we / our / us turns into they / their / them
if the persons speaking are not "we"
you / your / you (Singular) turns into she / her / her or he / his / him
if the person addressed is not "I"
you / your / you (Plural) turns into they / their / them
if the persons addressed are not "we"

4.1. Turn the following statements into reported speech.

4.1.1. Benni said, “I will go on a bike tour next weekend.”

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4.1.2. Jim said, “I have met the nicest girl in the world.”
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4.1.3. He said, “I like fruits but I don’t like vegetables.”
________________________________________________________________________________
4.1.4. Tim said, “I saw a thrilling film yesterday.”
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4.1.5. Mary said to John, “I can’t understand you.”
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4.2. Reported Questions

Remember: The shift of tenses is the same as in reported statements.

You use introductory verbs such as ask, want to know
The question word (what, when, where, how long,…) remains the same
You begin reported yes/no questions with "whether" or "if".
The order of words is the same as in statements.

4.2. Turn the following questions into reported ones.

4.2.1. He asked Sally, “What did you drink last night?”

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4.2.2. She asked her, “When will you come back?”
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4.2.3. He asked his wife, “Did you get the tickets?”
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4.2.4. She asked Tim, “Where are you going to stay in Greece?”
________________________________________________________________________________
4.2.5. He asked Deborah, “Do you like tea?”
________________________________________________________________________________
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4.3. Reported order (Befehl), request (Bitte), advice (Rat)

Remember: In case of orders, requests or an advice (no plural of "advice!)

you use an introductory verb such as tell (befehlen), ask (bitten) or advise (raten)
After this you put the verb into the infinitive form + to (negative form: not to)

4.3. Put the following sentences (order, request, advice) into the reported form.

4.3.1. Debbie (to Sarah), "Put away this dress. (I don't like it)."
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4.3.2. Debbie (to shop assistant), "Could you help me with the back zipper, (please)?"
________________________________________________________________________________
4.3.3. Shop assistant (to Debbie), "I would try a shawl with this dress. (I think it will fit you well)."
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4.3.4. Shop assistant (to Debbie), "You should try on this striped dress(, because it is a special bargain)."
________________________________________________________________________________
4.3.5. Debbie (to Sarah), "Stop showing me all these new dresses."
________________________________________________________________________________

5. Verb + Object + infinitive with or without to (ACI)

Remember: After verbs like want, expect, advise, would like...to + object you use the infinitive with to.
>>> My mother wants me to clean up my room.
After verbs like see, hear, feel, make (zwingen), let (lassen) + object you use the infinitve without
to.
>>> I heard the band play. / Mother lets me stay up till 10 p. m. on Saturdays.

5. Translate the following sentences using the verb+object+infinitive construction.

DO NOT USE SUBORDINATE CLAUSES WITH "THAT"!

5.1. Der Lehrer zwingt seine Schüler hart zu arbeiten.

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5.2. Meine Schwester möchte nicht, dass ich ihre Zeitschriften lese. (want)
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5.3. Er erlaubt es ihnen, eine Pause zu machen. (let)
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5.4. Ich erwarte von euch, dass ihr eure Hausaufgaben macht. (expect)
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5.5. Wir hätten gerne, dass du einkaufen gehst. (would like...to)
________________________________________________________________________________

Vocabulary shift of tenses - Zeitenverschiebung

bargain - Sonderangebot statement - Aussagesatz
in case of - im Falle von striped - gestreift
introductory verb - einleitendes Verb subordinate clause - Nebensatz
main clause - Hauptsatz substitute - Ersatz (verb)
to omit - weglassen to substitute - ersetzen
order of words - Satzbau to take part in sth - an etwas teilnehmen
shawl - Schal, Tuch zipper - Reißverschluss
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 8 LF 2 Grammar Test No 4 Mock 2011-05-31 Lösungen

1. Modal auxiliaries and their substitutes

1.1. Put the following sentences into the present simple, the will future, the past simple, the present
perfect and the past perfect. Always use the substitutes.
1.1.1. I need not read this book. / I don't have to read this book. / I will not have to read this book.
I didn't have to read this book. / I haven't had to read this book. / I hadn't had to read this book.
1.1.2. Sam must clean his bike. / Sam has to clean his bike. / Sam will have to clean his bike.
Sam had to clean his bike. / Sam has had to clean his bike. / Sam had had to clean his bike.
1.1.3. Mike can drive a car. / Mike is able to drive a car. / Mike will be able to drive a car.
Mike was able to drive a car. / Mike has been able to drive a car. / Mike had been able to drive a car.
1.1.4. Mike can drive his father's car. / Mike is allowed to drive his father's car.
Mike will be allowed to drive his father's car. / Mike was allowed to drive his father's car.
Mike has been allowed to drive his father's car. / Mike had been allowed to drive his father's car.
1.1.5. I must not use my mobile at school. I am not allowed to use my mobile at school.
I won't be allowed to use my mobile at school. I wasn't allowed to use my mobile at school.
I haven't been allowed to use my mobile at school. I hadn't been allowed to use my mobile at school.
1.1.6. Mr Jones cannot speak Spanish. / Mr Jones isn't able to speak Spanish.
Mr Jones won't be able to speak Spanish. / Mr Jones wasn't able to speak Spanish.
Mr Jones hasn't been able to speak Spanish. / Mr Jones hadn't been able to speak Spanish.

1.2. Turn each of your changed sentences into a question.

1.2.1 Don't I have to read this book? Won't I have to read this book? Didn't I have to read this book?
Haven't I had to read this book? Hadn't I had to read this book?
1.2.2. Does Sam have to clean his bike? Will Sam have to clean his bike?
Did Sam to clean his bike? Has Sam had to clean his bike? Had Sam had to clean his bike?
1.2.3. Is Mike able to drive a car? Will Mike be able to drive a car?
Was Mike able to drive a car? Has Mike been able to drive a car? Had Mike been able to drive a car?
1.1.4. Is Mike allowed to drive his father's car? Will Mike be allowed to drive his father's car?
Was Mike allowed to drive his father's car? Has Mike been allowed to drive his father's car?
Had Mike been allowed to drive his father's car?
1.1.5. Am I not allowed to use my mobile at school? Won't I be allowed to use my mobile at school?
Wasn't I allowed to use my mobile at school? Haven't I been allowed to use my mobile at school?
Hadn't I been allowed to use my mobile at school?
1.1.6. Isn't Mr Jones able to speak Spanish? Won't Mr Jones be able to speak Spanish?
Wasn't Mr Jones able to speak Spanish? Hasn't Mr Jones been able to speak Spanish?
Hadn't Mr Jones been able to speak Spanish?

2. Conditional I, II and III

2.1 Fill in the correct verb forms in all types of conditionals given in the brackets.
2.1.1. I will tell you about it if you ask me. (C. I)
I would tell you about it if you asked me. (C. II)
I would have told you about it if you had asked me. (C. III)
2.1.2. If I have the choice, I will take part in the competition. (Conditional I)
If I had the choice, I would take part in the competition. (Conditional II)
If I had had the choice, I would have taken part in the competition. (Conditional III)
2.1.3. We will watch the play if our drama group performs it on Monday. (Conditional I)
We would watch the play if our drama group performed it on Monday. (Conditional II)
We would have watched the play if our drama group had performed it on Monday. (Conditional III)

3. The Passive
3.1. Turn the following active sentences into the passive. Use a by-agent.
3.1.1. Father washes the car. The car is washed by Father.
3.1.2. Samira did the homework. The homework was done by Samira.
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3.1.3. The town has repaired the streets. The streets have been repaired by the town.
3.1.4. The band will play the song tomorrow. The song will be played by the band tomorrow.
3.1.5. My parents are going to buy a new car. A new car ig oing to be bought by my parents.
3.2. Turn the following active sentences without using a by-agent.
3.2.1. Are you collecting old clothes here? Are old clothes being collected here?
3.2.2. Will they catch the thieves? Will the thieves be caught?
3.2.3. Did they feed the cat regularly? Was the cat fed regularly?
3.2.4. Must we turn off our mobiles? Must our mobiles be turned off?
3.2.5. The pupils should clean the classrooms after the last period.
The classrooms should be cleaned after the last period.

4. Reported Speech
4.1. Turn the following statements into reported speech.
4.1.1. Benni said, “I will go on a bike tour next weekend.”
Benni said he would go on a bike tour the following weekend.
4.1.2. Jim said, “I have met the nicest girl in the world.”
Jim said he had met the nicest girl in the world.
4.1.3. He said, “I like fruits but I don’t like vegetables.”
he said he liked fruits but he didn't like vegetables.
4.1.4. Tim said, “I saw a thrilling film yesterday.”
Tim said he had seen a thrilling film the day before.
4.1.5. Mary said to John, “I can’t understand you.”
Mary told john that she wasn't able / couldn't understand him.
4.2. Turn the following questions into reported ones.
4.2.1. He asked Sally, “What did you drink last night?”
He asked Sally what he had drunk the night before.
4.2.2. She asked her, “When will you come back?”
She asked her when she would come back.
4.2.3. He asked his wife, “Did you get the tickets?”
He asked his wife whether she had got the tickets.
4.2.4. She asked Tim, “Where are you going to stay in Greece?”
She asked Tim where he was going to stay in Greece.
4.2.5. He asked Deborah, “Do you like tea?”
He asked Deborah whether she liked tea.
4.3. Put the following sentences (order, request, advice) into the reported form.
4.3.1. Debbie (to Sarah), "Put away this dress. (I don't like it)."
Debbie told Sarah to put away that dress.
4.3.2. Debbie (to shop assistant), "Could you help me with the back zipper, (please)?"
Debbie asked the shop assistant to help her with the zipper.
4.3.3. Shop assistant (to Debbie), "I would try a shawl with this dress. (I think it will fit you well)."
The shop assistand advised Debbie to try a shawl with that dress.
4.3.4. Shop assistant (to Debbie), "You should try on this striped dress(, because it is a special bargain)."
The shop assistant advised Debbie to try on that striped dress.
4.3.5. Debbie (to Sarah), "Stop showing me all these new dresses."
Debbie told Sarah to stop showing her all those new dresses.
Debbie told Sarah not to show her all those new dresses.

5. Verb + Object + infinitive with or without to (ACI)

5. Translate the following sentences using the verb+object+infinitive construction.
5.1. The teachers makes his pupils work hard.
5.2. My sister doesn't want me to read her magazines.
5.3. He lets them have a break.
5.4. I expect you to do your homework.
5.5. We would like you to go shopping.