Cit 407 Topic 1

TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO IT AND SOCIETY
Introduction
1.What is IT
-Information Technology means the use of hardware, software, services, and supporting infrastructure to manage and deliver information
using voice, data, and video.
-Information technology is building communications networks for a company, safeguarding data and information, creating and
administering databases, helping employees troubleshoot problems with their computers or mobile devices, or doing a range of other work
to ensure the efficiency and security of business information.
-Information technology (IT) refers to the use of computers, software, networks, and other digital technologies to store, process, and
transmit data and information. IT has become an essential part of business, education, government, healthcare, and other sectors, and it has
transformed the way we live and work.
2. What is Society
-A Society refers to a group of people who live in a definable community and share the same cultural components. On a broader scale,
society consists of the people and institutions around us, our shared beliefs, and our cultural ideas. Typically, many societies also share a
political authority.
- A society is a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the
work that needs to be done. All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as a society: a
classless/multicultural/capitalist/civilized society.
3. Basic Elements or Characteristics which Constitutes Society
- Likeness: Likeness of members in a social group is the primary basis of their mutuality.
- The Reciprocal Awareness: Likeness is generative of reciprocity. ...
- Differences: ...
- Interdependence: ...
- Cooperation: ...
- Conflict
4. What is IT and Society ?
It is the study of the relationship between IT and Society.
The relationship between technology and society is reciprocal. Society drives technological change, while changing technologies in turn
shape society. Technological decisions should take into account their impact on society in terms of both costs and benefits.
5. Professional communication
Any written message exchanged between two or more people. Reports, proposals, emails, letters, and memos are examples of written
communication in a professional setting. Written communication is generally considered more formal than other types of communication
such as oral communication.
6. What is the role of professional communication?

Good communication in the workplace ensures employees have the information they need to perform well, builds a positive work environ -
ment, and eliminates inefficiencies. Effective communication should accurately convey information while maintaining or improving hu -
man relationships.
7. What are the 7 principles of professional communication

The 7 Cs of Communication help you to communicate more effectively. The 7 Cs stand for: clear, concise, concrete, correct, coherent,
complete, and courteous. Though there are a few variations. You can use the 7 Cs as a checklist in your written and spoken messages.
8. Oral presentations;
-Is communication by word of mouth. Also known us verbal communication/ presentation
9. What are the 5 types of oral presentation?
 Extemporaneous presentations. This type of presentation involves making short pointers or key phrases to aid while speaking. ...
 Impromptu presentations. Impromptu presentations are spoken without any preparation. ...
 Manuscript presentations. ...
 Memorized presentations.
10. Technical writing;
Technical writing is a writing discipline that involves communicating complex information to those who need it to carry out a specific task
or achieve a certain goal. Because of this, technical writing is often defined as “simplifying the complex.”
Technical writing is a form of writing on a specific topic that requires guidance, instruction, or explanation. This writing style serves a
unique purpose and therefore has very different qualities compared to other types of writing, such as creative writing, academic writing, or
business writing.
Because of this, technical writing is vital to a wide range of businesses and industries. Without it, complex topics and certain procedures
would be difficult—or impossible—to understand or accomplish.

11. What are the 5 components of technical writing?
The five components of technical writing are
 purpose,
 audience,
 clarity,
 conciseness, and
 organization.
12. System documentation

System documentation provides an overview of the system and helps engineers and stakeholders understand the underlying technology. It
usually consists of the requirements document, architecture design, source code, validation docs, verification and testing information, and
maintenance or help guides. It’s worth emphasizing that this list isn’t exhaustive.
13. Product requirement document
A product requirement document or PRD provides information about system functionality. Generally, requirements are statements of what
a system should do. So a product requirement document contains business rules, user stories, use cases, etc., and it should be clear and
shouldn’t be an extensive and solid wall of text. It should contain enough to outline the product’s purpose, features, functionalities, main-
tenance, and behavior. The best practice is to write a requirement document using a single, consistent template that all team members ad -
here to,
14. Technical requirements
Technical requirements cover the technical issues that must be overcome for the successful development and operation of the project. It
is a form of a functional project requirement that surrounds the question:” How will the product solve this problem? What are the technical
resources that you will need to fulfill such requests? As such, it involves the construction of the problem-solving system and implementing
it within the project. It may even extend to measuring the performance, availability, and reliability of the operational characteristics to
quantify its functioning.
For instance, suppose that you are working on an enterprise software project that has a module supporting Work From Home (WFH).
Accordingly, you will have to develop a centralized repository that authenticates authorization and allows access to data. You may also
have to make considerations for facilitating collaborations between terminals. The resultant technical requirements would be a
cummulation of several features and functions, such as the language in which your team will program the software, its database
architecture, the operating system of the terminals, hardware requirements, data transfer and security protocols, minimum internet speed
for establishing network communications, and so on.
QUESTIONS
Discuss the following:
i) 5 components of Technical Writing
ii) 7 principles of professional communication
iii) 5 types of oral presentation

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TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO IT AND SOCIETY

such as oral communication.

6. What is the role of professional communication?

7. What are the 7 principles of professional communication

would be difficult—or impossible—to understand or accomplish.

12. System documentation

for establishing network communications, and so on.

Discuss the following:

i) 5 components of Technical Writing

ii) 7 principles of professional communication

iii) 5 types of oral presentation

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