TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

CLEARING & GRUBBING

General

Existing structures such as old buildings, culverts, pipe lines, sewers etc, within or
adjacent to the area if required to be removed, shall be dismantled as per direction of
Engineer and same shall be paid for separately.

In case of Archaeological monuments within or adjacent to the area, the contractor shall
provide necessary fencing all around as per the direction of the Engineer and protect the
same properly during execution. Payment of providing fencing shall be made separately.

During clearing and grubbing the trees, shrubs, pole lines, fences, monuments, pipe lines
etc. within or adjacent to the work site which are not to be disturbed shall be protected
properly from injury or damage by the contractor at his own cost and nothing extra shall
be paid for this.

The contractor shall take all adequate precautions against soil erosion, water pollution,
etc. wherever required. Before start of work/operations, the contractor shall submit to
the Engineer his work plan for approval including the procedures to be followed for
disposal of waste materials, etc. and the schedules for carrying out temporary or
permanent erosion control works as stipulated under earth work.

Trunks, branches and stumps of trees shall be cleaned of limps & roots and stacked. Also
boulders, stones and other materials unusable shall be neatly stacked at spots as
directed by the Engineer.

All branches of trees extending to the work site or above roadway shall be trimmed as
directed by the Engineer and such work shall be considered incidental to the clearing and
grubbing for which no separate payment shall be made.

Methods, tools and equipment to be adopted for the work shall be such which will not
affect the property to be preserved. Only such methods, tools and equipment as
approved by the Engineer shall be adopted in the work. If so desired by the Engineer, the
Contractor shall demonstrate the efficacy of the type of equipment to be used before the
commencement of the work.

1) Cleaning Grass

CG001 - Clearing grass including removal of rubbish within 50m outside the periphery of
the area cleared.
All grass and rubbish shall be disposed off beyond 50m outside the periphery of the area
cleared.

Measurement: Only the area over which the grass and rubbish has been removed shall be
measured. The length and breadth shall be measured and the area shall be calculated
correct to two places of decimals.

Rate: The rate shall cover the cost of carrying out all the required operations including
cost of labour, materials, equipment hired/owned, tools and plants, and incidentals
necessary to complete the work. Where necessary, the rate shall also include handling;
salvaging, piling and disposing of the cleared materials with all lift and lead up to 50m.

2. EARTH WORK

This work shall consist of excavation, removal and satisfactory disposal of all materials
necessary for the construction in accordance with requirements of these specifications
and the lines, grades and cross-sections shown in the drawings or as indicated by the
Engineer. It shall include the hauling and stacking of or hauling to sites of embankment
and sub-grade construction, suitable cut materials as required, and also the disposal of
unsuitable cut materials in specified manner, trimming and finishing to specified
dimensions or as directed by the Engineer.

Ordinary Soil – Generally any soil which yields to the ordinary application of pick and
shovel, rake or any other ordinary digging equipment; such as vegetable or organic soil,
turf gravel, sand, silt loam, clay, peat etc.

Ordinary Rock: Generally any rock which can be excavated by splitting with crow bars or
picks and does not require blasting, wedging or similar means of excavation such as lime
stone, sand stone, hard laterite, hard conglomerate and un-reinforced cement concrete
below ground level. If required light blasting may be resorted to, for loosening the
materials but this will not in any way entitle the material to be classified as “Hard Rock”

Earthwork in excavation over areas, exceeding 300mm in depth 1.5m in width as well as
10m2 on plan, including disposal of excavated earth, lead up to 50m and lift up to 1.5m
(disposed earth to be levelled and neatly dressed).

EW0030 - Ordinary Soil.

EW0032 - Ordinary rock

Measurements: The length and breadth shall be measured correct to 10mm. In case the
measurements are taken with staff and level, the level shall be recorded correct to 5mm
and depth of cutting and heights of filling calculated correct to 5mm. The area shall be
worked out to the nearest two places of decimal in square metres.
Rates: The rates shall cover the cost for carrying out all the required operations including
cost of labour, materials, equipment hired/owned, tools and plants, and incidentals
necessary to complete the work. The rates shall also include, where necessary:

 Disposing of the cleared materials with all lifts and lead up to 50m;

 Bailing out or pumping of water in excavations from rains, subsoil water etc.;

 Protection and supporting of existing services i.e. pipes, water mains, cables met within
the course of excavation. Care shall be taken not to disturb electric and communication
cables, removal of which if necessary, shall be arranged by the Engineer.

3. Stone Soling, Filling & Edging

All stones shall be wetted before use. Masonry shall be laid truly in plumb or to required
batter where so specified. Height of construction in a day shall not exceed 1m so as to
avoid excess load on fresh mortar.

There are three main varieties of stone masonry in common use namely random rubble,
coursed rubble and ashlars.

SM0072 - Providing and laying Hand packed stone filling or soling with stones

Stones as obtained from the quarry shall be packed with their broader surface as base.
The packing shall be as dense as possible and the interstice shall be filled with small
stones. The height of stones shall be as per the thickness of soling required. The stones
shall be arranged neatly and the joints shall be as thin as possible.

Measurements: The length, breadth and height shall be measured correct to 10 mm. and
the volume calculated correct to 0.01 cum.

Rate: The rate shall include the materials and labour involved in all operation described
above.

4. CONCRETE WORK

Water, Cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate shall conform to material
specifications. Concrete can be specified by proportions or by nominating the required
strength.

Concrete shall be prepared by mixing graded stone aggregate or gravel of normal size as
specified with fine aggregate and cement in specified proportions with required quantity
of water.

CW0005 - Providing and laying in position plain cement concrete excluding the cost of
centering and shuttering - All work upto plinth level - 1:3:6 (1 cement : 3 sand : 6 graded
crushed rock 20 mm nominal size)
CW0002 - Providing and laying in position plain cement concrete excluding the cost of
centering and shuttering - All work upto plinth level - 1:1.5:3 (1 cement : 1.5 sand : 3 graded
crushed rock 20 mm nominal size).

Measurements: The work under the following categories shall be measured separately:

(a) From foundation to plinth level.

(b) From plinth level to floor 5 level.

(c) From floor 5 levels and so on.

(d) Concrete work in the parapet shall be measured together with the corresponding
work in the wall of the storey next below.

Cast-in-Situ concrete shall be classified and measured under one of the items given
above.

Length and breadth shall be measured correct to a 10mm. The thickness of slab,
partitions, etc. and the like shall be measured correct to the nearest 5mm.

The consolidated cubical contents shall be calculated net nearest to 0.01cu.m. Concrete
laid in excess, of the sections shown in the drawing unless directed by the Engineer shall
not be measured.

Precast cement concrete solid articles shall be measured separately and shall include use
of moulds, finishing the top surfaces even and smooth with wooden trowel, before
setting in position in cement mortar 1:3 (1 cement: 3 coarse sand). No deduction shall be
made for:

(a) Ends of dissimilar materials (e.g. joists, beams, posts, girders, rafters, purlins, trusses,
corbels, step etc.) upto 500 sq.cm in section.

(b) Opening upto 0.1m2 or as specified.

(c) Volume occupied by pipes, conduits, sheathing etc. not exceeding 100sq.cm each in
cross sectional area.

(d) Volume occupied by reinforcement;

Rate: The rates shall cover the cost for carrying out all the required operations including
cost of labour, materials, equipment hired/owned, tools and plants, and incidentals
necessary to complete the work.

5. REINFORCED CONCRETE
The concrete shall be as specified under concrete works. Concrete shall be always mixed
by mechanical mixer unless otherwise the Engineer permits hand mixing.

RC0002 - Providing & laying in position reinforced cement concrete excluding the cost of
centering, shuttering and reinforcement - all work upto plinth level - 1:1.5:3 (1 cement : 1.5
sand : 3 graded crushed rock 20 mm nominal size).

Measurement: Dimensions shall be measured nearest to 10mm, except for the thickness
of slab which shall be measured to nearest 5mm. The areas shall be worked out to
nearest 0.01 square metres. The cubic contents shall be worked out to nearest 0.01 cubic
metres.

Work under the following category shall be measured separately.

(a) In foundation upto floor one level.

(b) From floor one level to floor two level.

(c) From floor two level to floor three level and so on-

(d) R.C.C. above roof level shall be measured along with the R.C.C. work in floor just
below.

Note: In calculating area of opening upto 0.1 sq.m the size of opening includes the
thickness of any separate lintels or sills. No extra labour for forming such openings or
voids shall be paid for.

(c) The volume occupied by reinforcement.

(d) The volume occupied by pipes, conduits, etc. not exceeding 100sq.cm each in cross-
sectional area. Nothing extra shall be paid for leaving and finishing such cavities and
holes.

(e) Small voids not exceeding 40sq.cm each in cross-sectional area. Nothing extra shall
be paid for leaving and finishing such cavities and holes.

Rate: The rate includes the cost of materials and labour involved in all the operations
described above except for the cost of centring and shuttering unless otherwise
mentioned in the item.

6. Form Works

Providing & fixing formwork (centering and shuttering) including strutting, propping etc.
and removal of formwork

RC0090 Foundation and plinth etc.

RC0091 Walls, pilasters, buttresses, string course etc.
Formwork and concreting of upper floor shall not be done until concrete of lower floor
has set for atleast 28 days. In case of balconies and cantilever beams, coming one above
the other, the members being cast shall be supported by props on two floors below the
floor where initial supporting has been done. Ballies shall rest squarely on wooden sole
plates of 40mm thickness and with minimum bearing area of 0.1sq.m.

Shuttering: The shuttering shall have smooth and even surface and the joints shall not
permit leakage of cement grout. Timber used shall be well seasoned, free from loose
knots, projecting nails, splits or other defects that may mar the cement surface of
concrete. It shall not be so dry as to absorb water from concrete and swell and bulge, or
so green or wet as to shrink after erection. Species of timber that are not affected
appreciably by its contact with water shall be used. The timber shall be accurately sawn
and planed on the sides and the surface coming in contact with concrete. For exposed
concrete faces, timber for shuttering shall be wrought on all faces in contact with
concrete. Wooden formwork with metal sheet lining or steel plates stiffened by steel
angles shall also be permitted. Where metal forms are used, all bolts and nuts shall be
countersunk and well ground to provide a smooth plane surface. The chamfers, bevelled
edges and mouldings shall be made in the formwork itself. Opening for fan clamps and
other fittings connected with services shall be provided in the shuttering as directed by
the Engineer-in-charge. As far as practicable, clamps shall be used to hold the forms
together. Where use of nails is unavoidable minimum number of nails shall be used and
these shall be left projecting so that they can be easily withdrawn. Use of double head
nails shall be preferred.

Removal of Form Work: No formwork or any part thereof shall be removed without prior
approval of the Engineer. The formwork shall be so removed as not to cause any damage
to concrete due to shock or vibration. In a slab and beam construction, sides of beam
shall be stripped first, then the under sides of slab and lastly the underside of the beam.
Formwork must be so designed that they can be stripped in the order required i.e.

(a) Shutters to vertical (non load bearing) faces e.g. column boxes, beam sides, wall
forms,

(b) Shutters forming soffits to slabs, horizontal and inclined which carry only light load,
e.g. slabs, roofs, floors and canopies etc.

(c) Soffit shutters carrying heavy load e.g. beam and girder bottoms.

Measurements: Where it is stipulated that the formwork shall be paid for separately,
measurement shall be taken of the area of shuttering in contact with the concrete
surface. Dimensions of formwork shall be measured correct to 10mm. The measurements
shall be taken separately under each of the items mentioned above.
Centring and shuttering where exceeding 3.5 metres height in one floor shall be
measured and paid for separately.

Where it is not specifically stated in the description of the item that formwork shall be
paid for separately, the rate of the R.C.C. item shall be deemed to include the cost of
formwork.

No deductions from the shuttering due to the openings/ obstructions shall be made if
area of such openings/obstructions does not exceed 0.1sq.m. Nothing extra shall be paid
for forming such openings.

Rate: The rate of formwork includes the cost of labour, materials tools and plant required
for all the operations described in this section including properly supporting the
members until the concrete is cured, set and hardened as required. No separate payment
shall be made for items such as form release agent, connections, provisions for openings
and other items required for the completion of the work unless specified otherwise.

7. Steel Reinforcement

RC0083 Providing & fixing Thermo-Mechanically Treated reinforcement bar (Yield

Strength 415 MPa) for R.C.C work including cutting, bending, binding and placing in
position complete

The type and grade of reinforcement to be used shall be as indicated on the drawings.
Where this information is not given on the drawings, hot rolled deformed bars having
yield strength of 415 Mpa shall be used. Bars shall be bent cold (no heating shall be
permitted), correctly and accurately to the size and shape as shown on the detailed
drawings or as directed by the Engineer. Preferably, bars of full length shall be used and
within the following tolerances:

Dimension Tolerance

Length of straight bars  25 mm

Location of splices  50 mm
Length of lap splices  50 mm
Minimum clear cover shall be as indicated on the drawings. Where cover is not indicated
on the drawings, it shall be in accordance with the following:

Location Clear Cover

Slabs 20 mm
Beams - main reinforcement 30 mm
Beams – stirrups 20 mm
Columns – main reinforcement 40 mm
Column – ties 20 mm
Footings 75 mm
Note: Welding should not be used unless absolutely necessary. Reinforcement bar does
not weld very well and the resulting splice can be a week spot. Binding is better as
welding can produce a reduction in strength as well.

Reinforcement bars shall be placed in position as shown in the drawings. The bars
crossing one another shall be tied together at every intersection with two strands of
annealed steel wire 0.90 to 1.6 mm thickness twisted tight to make the skeleton of the
steel work rigid so that the reinforcement does not get displaced during the deposition
of concrete.

Measurement: Reinforcement including authorised spacer bars and laps shall be

measured in lengths of different diameters, as actually used in the work nearest to 10mm
and their weight calculated on the basis of standard tables. Wastage and un-authorised
overlaps shall not be paid for. Annealed steel wire required for binding or tack welding
shall not be measured, its cost being included in the rate of reinforcement. Wherever
welding is resorted to in lieu of over laps such welds shall be measured separately in
members for different size of reinforcement.

Rate: The rate of reinforcement shall include the cost of labour and materials as required
for all operations described above except welding in lieu of over laps, which shall be paid
for separately. No separate payment will be made for concrete spacer blocks, timber
templates, tie wire or any other accessories required for the performance of the work.

8. STEEL WORK

SW0002 - Steel work in single section including cutting, hoisting, fixing and applying
priming coat of red lead paint - In Flats

SW0003 - Steel work in single section including cutting, hoisting, fixing and applying
priming coat of red lead paint In Tees, angles and channels

Fabrication: The steel sections shall be straightened and cut square or otherwise as
required to correct lengths, measurement being done with a steel tape. The cut ends
exposed to view shall be finished smooth. No two pieces shall be welded or otherwise
jointed to make up the required length of a member. All straightening and shaping to
form shall be done by pressure. Bending or cutting shall be carried out in such a manner
as not to impair the strength of the metal.

Holing: The locations of the holes shall be carefully marked by measuring with steel tape
and holes drilled. Finished holes shall be not more than 1.5 mm (in case of rivets/bolts
passing through them being dia. 25 mm or less) or 2.0 mm (in case of rivet/bolts dia.
being more than 25 mm). Holes may be punched if permitted by the Engineer. Gas
cutting shall not be used to form the holes unless otherwise specified as gas cutting
diminish the strength of the metal.
Painting: All surfaces, which are to be painted, oiled or otherwise treated shall be dry and
thoroughly cleaned to remove all loose scale and rust. Surface not in contact but
inaccessible after shop assembly, shall receive the full-specified protective treatment
before assembly. This does not apply to the interior of sealed hollow sections. Parts to be
encased in concrete shall not be painted or oiled.

Erection: Steelwork shall be hoisted and placed in position carefully without any damage
to itself and other building work and injury to workmen. Where necessary mechanical
appliance such as lifting tackles, winch etc. shall be used. The suitability and capacity of
all plant and equipment used for erection shall be to the satisfaction of Engineer.

Measurement: The work as fixed in place shall be measured in running metres correct to
a millimetre and their weights calculated on the basis of standard tables.

Rate: The rate includes the cost of labour and materials required for all the operations
described above.

9 Cement Plaster

PL0071 15 - Providing and laying cement plaster, finished with floating coat of neat
cement mm plaster in CM 1:3 PL0072

The cement plaster shall be 12, 15 or 20 mm thick, finished with a floating coat of neat
cement, as described in the item. Specifications for this item of work shall be same as
described in plastering items above except for the additional floating coat, which shall be
carried out as below.

When the plaster has been brought to a true surface with the wooden straight edge, it
shall be uniformly treated over its entire area with a paste of neat cement and rubbed
smooth, so that the whole surface is covered with neat cement coating. The quantity of
cement applied for floating coat shall be 1 kg per sq.m. Smooth finishing shall be
completed with trowel immediately and in no case later than half an hour of adding
water to the plaster mix.

Measurements: Length will be measured in running metres correct to 10 mm. The length
shall be taken along the finished face. The width shall not be measured by girthing. For
width of band 30 cm or below, the width shall be measured in cm correct to 25 mm. The
quantity shall be calculated in metre in 2.5 cm units.

Rate: The rate shall include the cost of the labour and materials involved in all the
operations described above. Nothing extra shall be paid for mitres, stops or for bands on
curved surfaces of whatever radius, they maybe. The rate is also inclusive of all rounding
or chamfering at corners, arises etc.
PL0100 - Extra, for providing and mixing water-proofing materials in proportion
recommended by the manufacturers - 12mm plaster in CM 1:3

The water-proofing compound shall be mixed in the proportion and in the way as
recommended by the manufacturers.

Measurement: The measurement shall be in square metres correct to two places of

decimal.

Rate: The rate shall include the cost of water proofing compound and labour involved in
mixing the compound with cement Mortar.

10. Random Rubble Masonry

SM0005 - Providing & laying Random Rubble Masonry with hard stone in foundation &
plinth - In cement mortar 1:4

Dressing: Stones shall be hammer dressed, on the face, the sides and the beds, to enable
it to came into close proximity with the neighbouring stone. The bushing in the face shall
not project more than 4 cm in an exposed face, and one cm on a face to be plastered.
The hammer dressed stone shall have a rough tooling for a minimum width of 2.5 cm
along the four edges of the face of stone.

Laying: Every stone shall be carefully fitted to the adjacent stones, so as to form neat and
close joints. Stones may be brought to level courses at plinth, windowsills and roof level.
Levelling up at plinth level, window sills and roof level shall be done with concrete
comprising of one part of the mortar as used for the masonry and two parts of graded
stone aggregate of 20mm nominal size and shall be-included in the items. The bond shall
be obtained by fitting in closely, the adjacent stones and by using bond-stones. Face
stones shall extend and bond well into the backing. These shall be arranged to-break
joints as much as possible, and to avoid long vertical lines of joints.

Jambs: Stones used in jambs shall be similar to those in quoin, excepting the length of
the stem, which shall be 45cm, or thickness of the wall whichever is less.

Joints: Stones shall be so laid that all joints are fully packed with mortar and chips. Face
joints shall not be thicker than 20 mm.

When plastering or pointing is not required to be done, the joints shall be struck flush
and finished at the time of laying. Otherwise, the joints shall be raked to a minimum
depth of 20 mm by raking tool during the progress of work, when the mortar is still
green.

Curing: Masonry work in cement or composite mortar shall be kept constantly moist on
all face for a minimum period of seven days. In case of masonry with fat-lime mortar,
curing shall commence two days after laying of masonry and shall continue for at least
seven days thereafter.
Protection: Green work shall be protected from rain by suitable covering. The work shall
also be suitably protected from damage, mortar dropping and rain during construction.

Measurement: The length, height and thickness shall be measured correct to 10 mm. The
thickness of wall shall be measured at joints, excluding the bushings. Only specified
dimensions shall be allowed; anything extra shall be ignored. The quantity shall be
calculated in cubic metre nearest to two places of decimal.

Rate: The rate shall include the cost of materials and labour required for all the
operations described above and shall include the following:

(a) Raking out joints for plastering or pointing done as a separate item, or finishing flush
as the work proceeds.

(b) Preparing tops and sides of existing walls, for raising and extending.

(c) Rough cutting and waste for forming gables, cores, skewbacks, and spandrels of
arches, splays and eaves and all rough cutting unless or otherwise specified.

(d) Bond stones or cement bond blocks.

(e) Leaving and making holes for pipes etc.

(f) Bedding and pointing wall plates, lintels, sills etc. in or on walls, bedding roof tiles and
corrugated sheets in or on walls.

(g) Building in ends of joints, beams, lintels, etc. and making good; and

(h) Openings and flues for which no deduction is made.

11 Filling of Trenches

RW0035 - Providing and laying filter material (600mm wide) in trenches, sides of
foundations, walls etc. with 100 to 200 mm stones wherever applicable.

No fill shall be placed until the foundation for the fill has been reviewed by the Engineer.
Backfilling of structures shall be done with two hand packed filter layer of stone
aggregates of size 100 to 200 mm 600 mm thickness along the structure wherever
possible.

Measurement: The length, breadth & depth of the finished work shall be measured
correct to 10 mm & the cubical contents shall be worked out to the nearest two places of
decimal.
Rates: The rates shall cover the cost of carrying out all the required filling operations
including cost of labour, materials, equipment hired/owned, tools and plants and
incidentals necessary to complete the work.

12. PLUMBING

PO0019 - Providing & laying H.D.P.E pipes, 10 PN, including H.D.P.E fittings (excluding
trenching, refilling & thrust block - 63mm

PO0007 - Providing and laying G.I. pipes including G.I. fittings, excluding trenching &
refilling 65mm

At joints, trench width shall be widened where necessary. The work of excavation and
refilling shall be done true to line and gradient in accordance with general specifications
for earthwork in trenches. In case of GI pipes, the pipes shall be painted with two coats
of anticorrosive bitumastic paint of approved quality. The pipes shall be laid in a layer of
7.5 cm sand and filled upto 20 cm above the pipes. The remaining portion of the trench
shall then be filled with excavated earth. The surplus earth shall be disposed off as
directed by the Engineer.

When excavation is done in rock, the bottom shall be cut deep enough to permit the
pipes to be laid on a cushion of sand of minimum 7.5 cm. In case of bigger diameter pipes
where the pressure is very high thrust blocks of cement concrete 1:2:4 (1 cement: 2
coarse sand: 4 graded stone aggregate of 20 mm nominal size) shall be constructed on all
bends to transmit the hydraulic thrust without impairing the ground and spreading it
over a sufficient area.

Testing the joints: After laying and jointing, the pipes and fittings shall be inspected
under working conditions of pressure and flow. Any joint found leaking shall be redone
and all leaking pipes removed and replaced without extra cost. The pipes and fittings
after they are laid shall be tested to hydraulic pressure of 6kg/cm2 (60 metres). The pipes
shall be slowly and carefully charged with water allowing all air to escape and avoiding all
shock or water hammer. The draw off takes and the stop-cocks shall then be closed and
specified hydraulic pressure shall be applied gradually. Pressure gauge must be accurate
and preferably should have been recalibrated before the test. The test pump having been
stopped the test pressure should be maintained without loss for atleast half an hour. The
pipes and fittings shall be tested in sections as the work of laying proceeds, keeping the
joints exposed for inspection during the testing.

Measurements: The lengths shall be measured in running metre correct to 10 mm for the
finished work, which shall include pipe and fittings such as bends, tees, elbows, reducers,
crosses, plugs, sockets, nipples, flanges, nuts, etc. but exclude brass or gun metal taps
(cocks), valves, lead connection pipe and shower rose. The length shall be taken along
the central line of the pipe and fittings. All pipes and fittings shall be classified according
to their diameters, method of jointing and fixing substance, quality and finish. The
diameter shall be the nominal diameter of the internal bore.
The pipe shall be described as including all cuttings and waste. In case of fittings of equal
bore, the largest bore shall be measured. Digging and refilling of trenches shall be
measured separately.

Rate: The rate shall include the cost of labour and material involved in all operations
described above (excluding the cost for excavation in trenches, refilling of trenches,
painting of pipes and sand filling all round the pipes).

13 Brass Fittings

PO0108 - Providing and fixing brass full way valve with wheel 65mm

The fittings of the type specified in the items shall be fully examined and cleared of all
foreign matters before being fixed. The fitting shall be fitted in the pipeline in a
workman-like manner. The joints between fittings and pipes shall be leak proof when
pressure tested to the extent specified by the Engineer. The defective fittings and joints
shall be replaced or redone.

Measurement: The item shall be measured in numbers.

Rate: The rate shall include the cost of labour and material involved in all operations
described above.