Ap World History 2020 Practice Exam 1 MCQ Preview
Ap World History 2020 Practice Exam 1 MCQ Preview
Ap World History 2020 Practice Exam 1 MCQ Preview
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Students are given a 15-minute reading period and recommended time of
45 minutes of writing time for the document-based question and 40 minutes
for the long essay question, but students are not forced to move from the
document-based question to the long essay question.
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Administering the Practice Exam
This section contains instructions for administering the AP World History:
Modern Practice Exam. You may wish to use these instructions to create an
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exam situation that resembles an actual administration. If so, read the indented,
boldface directions to the students; all other instructions are for administering
the exam and need not be read aloud. Before beginning testing, have all exam
materials ready for distribution. These include test booklets and answer sheets.
(Reminder: Final instructions for every AP Exam are published in the AP Exam
Instructions book.)
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You have 55 minutes for this part. Open your Section I booklet and
begin.
Note Start Time here ________. Note Stop Time here ________.
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Stop working. I will now collect your Section I booklet and your short-
answer responses.
Long Essay Questions 2, 3, and 4. You may begin writing your responses
before the reading period is over. You may use any blank space of the
pages the questions or documents are printed on to organize your
answers and for scratch work, but you must write your answers on the
lined pages provided for the free-response questions. Make sure that
you circle the number of the question you are answering on each page.
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Instructions
At a Glance
Section I, Part A of this exam contains 55 multiple-choice questions.
Time
55 minutes Indicate all of your answers to the multiple-choice questions on the multiple-choice answer
Number of Questions sheet. No credit will be given for anything written in this exam booklet, but you may use
55 the booklet for notes or scratch work.
Percent of Total Score
40% Use your time effectively, working as quickly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not
Writing Instrument spend too much time on any one question. Go on to other questions and come back to
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Pencil required the ones you have not answered if you have time. It is not expected that everyone will
know the answers to all of the multiple-choice questions.
Your total score on the multiple-choice section is based only on the number of questions
answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers or unanswered
questions.
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SECTION I, Part B: Short Answer
Instructions
At a Glance
For Section I, Part B of this exam, answer Question 1 and Question 2 and either
Time Question 3 or Question 4. Write your responses in the corresponding boxes on the
40 minutes short-answer response sheets. You must write your response to each question on
Number of Questions the lined page designated for that response. Each response is expected to fit within
3
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its designated page. Fill in the circle on the Section I, Part B: Short-Answer
Percent of Total Score Response page indicating whether you answered Question 3 or Question 4.
20%
Writing Instrument
Pen with black or dark
blue ink
Questions 1 and 2
Mandatory
Question 3 or 4
Choose One Question
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World History Development Committee. In their judgment,
the material printed here reflects various aspects of the course of
study on which this exam is based and is therefore appropriate to
use to measure the skills and knowledge of this course.
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Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements is followed by four suggested answers or completions.
Select the one that is best in each case and then enter the letter in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
Source materials have been edited for the purpose of this exercise.
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Image 1
WOOD PRINTING PLATE CONTAINING A PAPER MONEY NOTE WRITTEN IN MONGOL AND
CHINESE, PRODUCED IN CHINA, CIRCA 1287
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Pictures from History/Bridgeman Images
The smaller Chinese characters on the lower half of the note say, “This note can be circulated in various
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The Latin text in the upper left-hand corner warns against greed.
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sources of credit and currency.
(A) The Yuan government forced private
2. Image 1 could best be used as evidence of the citizens to surrender their gold and silver
ways in which and accept paper currency in its place.
(B) Excessive amounts of currency were
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(A) the introduction of new commercial
practices fostered urban expansion.
(B) new commercial technologies helped
expand literacy.
(C) imperial states attempted to expand
printed in order to fund military
expeditions and reward local elites.
(C) The Mongol Ilkhanate in Persia also
briefly modeled its monetary policy on
the paper currency printed in Yuan China.
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commercial activity.
(D) Travelers to Yuan China noted that only
(D) commerce fostered cultural unity in some paper currency was accepted for business
politically fragmented regions. transactions.
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Source 1
“People who follow Judaism should pass their lives among Christians quietly, practicing their own religion
and not speaking ill of Christianity. Moreover, a Jewish person should not attempt to convert any Christian.
Whoever violates this law shall be put to death and lose his property.
Jewish people may maintain their synagogues, but they cannot build new synagogues without our permission.
Christians may not deface synagogues or steal anything from them. Jewish people shall not be forced to
attend court by Christian officials on Saturdays [the Jewish Sabbath]. All legal claims between Christians and
the Jewish community shall be decided by our royal judges and a Christian is forbidden from arresting or
harming Jewish people or seizing their property.
Christians may not use force to convert a Jewish person to Christianity, though Christians should use the
Holy Scriptures and kind words. Jewish people, however, should not attempt to interfere with a member of
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their community converting to Christianity of their own will. Any Christian, however, who converts to
Judaism shall be put to death as a heretic.”
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“King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, by the grace of God, King and Queen of Spain, greetings.
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We learned that some wicked Christians in our kingdom adopted Jewish religious practices and cultural
customs and apostatized from our holy Catholic faith because these Christians interacted with Jewish people.
Therefore, we, with the counsel and advice of the clergy, noblemen, and other persons of learning and
wisdom in our kingdom, order the Jewish community to depart and never to return. And we forbid any person
or persons in our kingdom to receive, protect, or defend any Jewish person under pain of losing all their
possessions, vassals, fortified places, and whatever financial grants they hold from us.”
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Royal decree issued by King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella of Spain, 1492
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one official religion. most different from the religious policy
expressed in Source 2 ?
6. The policy toward minority religious groups
described in Source 1 is most consistent with the (A) The Mughal Empire under Akbar
policy toward minority religious groups in (B) The Safavid Empire under Shah Ismail I
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Islamic states in the period before 1450 because
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(A) The disease principally spread along trade
routes, and most commerce occurred in
urban areas.
(B) People in rural and mountainous regions
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had greater access to natural medicines
that could fight the disease.
(C) People in rural and mountainous regions
were better able to flee to the safety of
their lords’ castles.
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(D) The disease principally spread among
religious missionaries, and most
missionaries traveled to cities.
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“[D]espite his ferocity, his military genius and his shrewd adaptation of tribal politics to his imperial purpose,
Tamerlane’s* system fell apart at his death. As he himself may have grasped intuitively, it was no longer
possible to. . . build a Eurasian empire on [nomadic] foundations. . . . The Ottomans, the Mamluk state in
Egypt and Syria, the Muslim sultanate in northern India, and above all China were too resilient to be swept
away by his lightning campaigns.
Indeed Tamerlane’s death marked in several ways the end of a long phase in global history. His empire was
the last real attempt to challenge the partition of Eurasia between the states of the Far West, Islamic Middle
Eurasia and Confucian East Asia. Secondly, his political experiments and ultimate failure revealed that power
had begun to shift back decisively from the nomad empires to the settled states. . . . Lastly, his passing
coincided with the first signs of a change in the existing pattern of long-distance trade, the [overland Silk
Road route] that he had fought to control. Within a few decades after his death, the idea of a world empire
ruled from Samarkand [Tamerlane’s Central Asian capital] had become [a fantasy].”
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*a Turko-Mongolic ruler who conquered much of Central Asia and the Middle East in the late 1300s and
early 1400s.
John Darwin, British historian, After Tamerlane: The Rise and Fall of
Global Empires, 1400–2000, published in 2008
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12. Which of the following developments in the late
fifteenth century could best be used as evidence
to support Darwin’s argument in the second
13. Which of the following most strongly
contributed to the shift of power from nomadic
empires to settled states that Darwin identifies in
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paragraph regarding a change in patterns of the second paragraph?
long-distance trade?
(A) The development and spread of gunpowder
(A) The growing naval power of the Ottoman weapons across Eurasia
Empire in the Mediterranean
(B) The development of new shipbuilding and
(B) The discovery of maritime routes that navigational techniques
linked Europe and Asia through the
(C) The spread of epidemic diseases across
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Indian Ocean
Eurasia, such as the Black Death
(C) The naval expeditions of the Ming admiral
(D) The increased recruitment of nomadic
Zheng He
soldiers by large agricultural states
(D) The development of the Atlantic system
that linked Europe to the Americas and
Africa
(A) The creation of the Ottoman Empire (A) Nomadic empires contained numerous
ethnic and religious groups within their
(B) The Ming overthrow of the Yuan dynasty
territories.
in China
(B) Nomadic empires frequently sought to
(C) The fall of the Mughal Empire
control key trade routes in order to secure
(D) The establishment of the Safavid Empire access to luxury goods.
(C) Nomadic empires often used the
governmental systems of sedentary
societies to rule agricultural regions.
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(D) Nomadic empires typically contained
numerous tribes and confederations that
were difficult to control.
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WALL PAINTING FROM THE PALACE OF THE RULERS OF THE SOUTHERN INDIAN STATE OF
GOLKONDA, CIRCA 1650
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The painting shows celebrations of the wedding of the Muslim ruler of Golkonda and his Hindu bride.
The newlyweds are surrounded by attendants of both religions.
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likely important to Golkonda rulers mostly
because it
(A) could be used as a symbol of the union
between the state’s ruling class and the
majority of its population
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(B) provided a source of pride for Golkonda’s
Muslim population by reminding them of
the Muslim conquests of India
(C) led to the decline of patriarchal social
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structures in the Indian subcontinent
(D) illustrated the extent to which Golkonda
elites relied on various forms of coerced
labor
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In the top panel, the engraving shows three Jesuit missionaries and scholars who served at the courts of Chinese
emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasty in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In the bottom panel, the
engraving shows two Chinese Christian converts: Xu Guangxi (left) and his granddaughter, Candida Xu (right).
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(D) States sought to recruit foreigners who 22. All of the following statements about Du Halde
could help factions within the state are factually accurate. Which would most likely
bureaucracies solve their differences. lead historians to question the objectivity of his
portrayal of the scholars shown in the image?
20. Which of the following developments in Europe
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in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries most
directly helps to explain the presence of the
scholars shown in the image of China?
(A) The Inquisition led to the expulsion of
enemies of the Catholic Church from
(A) He was the confessor to an important
French noble.
(B) He never traveled to China.
(C) He based his observations of China on
unpublished translations of Chinese texts.
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Europe. (D) He was a Jesuit and based his book on
(B) The Protestant Reformation led the Jesuit missionary reports.
Catholic Church to seek new converts
outside of Europe.
(C) The wars of religion led many to question
the role of religion in European society.
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Free Women of Color with Their Children and Servants in a Landscape, 1770-1796 (oil on canvas) , Brunias, Agostino (1728-96) / Brooklyn Museum of Art,
New York, USA / Gift of Mrs. Carll H. de Silver in memory of her husband, by exchange and gift of George S. Hellman, by exchange / Bridgeman Images
24. The artist’s perspective on the subject of the (D) Caribbean society was predominantly
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painting was most likely influenced by which of matriarchal, with men expected to play
the following? strictly domestic roles in the household.
(A) The Enlightenment 26. Which of the following most directly led to the
(B) Nationalism arrival of substantial numbers of Africans in the
(C) Social Darwinism
(D) The Haitian Revolution
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27. Which of the following likely contributed the 29. The population trend shown in the table for
most to the population changes shown in the sub-Saharan African states such as Angola and
table for Latin American states such as Zimbabwe in the period 1950–2000 most likely
Argentina and Brazil in the period 1800–1900 ? reflects which of the following?
“The Jiaqing emperor asked the governor Sun Yuting: ’Is Britain wealthy and powerful?’
Sun Yuting responded, ‘Britain is larger than other European countries and is, therefore, powerful. But its
power comes from its wealth, which is derived from China. This country is allowed to trade at the port of
Canton. It exchanges its goods for our tea. It then resells the tea to Europe and to its colonies in the West,
thus becoming wealthy and powerful. Yet, tea is as important to the West as rhubarb is to Russia. If we put an
embargo on tea exports, Britain will fall into poverty and its people into sickness. How powerful, then, could
Britain possibly be compared to China?’”
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31. Sun Yuting’s analysis of the factors that 32. The emperor’s question to Sun Yuting was most
contributed to the relative economic strength of likely intended to assess which of the following?
China and Great Britain best illustrates which of
the following continuities from the period (A) The degree to which religious conflicts in
Europe had weakened Great Britain
1450–1750 ?
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(A) The expansion of empires led to the
collapse of existing trade networks.
(B) The transfer of European navigational
technology expanded global trade
militarily
(B) The relative risks of continuing to pursue a
trade policy that forced foreign states to
acknowledge China’s political superiority
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(C) The possibility for the establishment of
significantly.
Chinese colonies in Asia and the
(C) The global circulation of goods was fueled Americas
by European merchants’ access to Asian
(D) The potential advantages of making an
markets.
alliance with Great Britain to prevent
(D) The establishment of state monopolies in further Japanese expansion in East Asia
certain industries led to higher prices for
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luxury items.
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(D) accurate, because Sun Yuting understood
that revolutionary wars had bankrupted
Great Britain
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“The essence of education, our traditional national aim, is to promote benevolence, justice, loyalty, filial
piety, and knowledge and skill. But recently, people have been going to extremes by embracing a foreign
civilization whose only values are fact-gathering and technical-skill. These values bring harm to our
customary ways. We try to incorporate the best features of foreigners in order to achieve the lofty goals that
the Meiji emperor desires. We have tried to abandon the undesirable practices of the past and learn from the
outside world. But these policies have had a serious defect. They have reduced benevolence, justice, loyalty,
and filial piety to secondary goals. If we indiscriminately imitate foreign ways, our people will forget the
great principles governing the relations between ruler and subject and the relations between father and son.”
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35. The ideals of traditional Japanese education that 37. The values of “foreign civilization” that
the author praises in the passage are most Nagazane criticized in the passage were most
closely aligned with the social ideals advocated directly a product of the
by which of the following?
(A) Renaissance
(A) Buddhism
(B) Christianity
(C) Confucianism
(D) Daoism
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(C) Enlightenment
(D) Scientific and Industrial Revolutions
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38. Which of the following states in the nineteenth
36. The Meiji government’s “emulation of foreign century experienced social tensions resulting
ways” was most directly a response to which of from the introduction of foreign cultural
the following nineteenth-century developments? influences in a way most similar to that
described in the passage?
(A) The Qing Empire forcing Japan to accept
tributary relations (A) The Ottoman Empire
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“I read with interest the recent article in your newspaper entitled ‘Should a Woman Demand All the Rights of
a Man?’ In my view, to answer that question correctly, we first need to examine the roles of men and women
in civilization—especially modern civilization—because what may have been true in ancient times no longer
applies in our present situation.
Modern civilization has moved beyond the condition of the past because society is no longer characterized by
roughness and reliance on physical power. Victory no longer goes to him who was the strongest, the best able
to endure hardship, or committed the most atrocities.
By contrast, the basis of our modern civilization is good upbringing and the refinement of morals through the
development of literary knowledge, courtesy, and compassion for the oppressed, all of which women are
better at. So all our doctors and scientists who exalt man’s strong muscles, his wide skull, his long
arm-to-body ratio and the like, miss the point entirely. Those physical facts, while undeniable, no longer
grant man preference over woman in modern civilization.”
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Letter from an anonymous female reader to the Egyptian journal Al-Hilal,
1894
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39. The disputes over women’s social status alluded
to in the letter best reflect which of the
following late nineteenth-century changes in
Middle Eastern societies?
41. The letter’s reference in the third paragraph to
the claims of “our doctors and scientists” is best
understood in the context of which of the
following late nineteenth-century processes?
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(A) The abolition of the veil following the (A) Physical differences between genders and
collapse of the Ottoman Empire racial groups were used to justify the
denial of rights to women and
(B) The expansion of mass public education
non-Europeans.
for both boys and girls
(B) The achievements of medieval Muslim
(C) The growing popular support for
science became known in the West,
parliamentary forms of governance
stimulating new interest in biology and
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“In view of the outbreak of war between Great Britain and Turkey, which occurred because of the ill-advised,
unprovoked, and deliberate action of the Ottoman government, His Majesty’s government has made a public
announcement regarding the holy places of Arabia, the holy shrines of Mesopotamia, and the port of Jeddah,*
which is as follows.
His Majesty’s most loyal Muslim subjects should understand that His Majesty’s government is not fighting
this war because of religion. The British navy and its military forces will not attack the holy places of Arabia
or Jeddah unless the Turks interfere with pilgrimages from India to the holy places and shrines in question. In
that case, British military forces will intervene to keep the pilgrimage routes open. At the request of His
Majesty’s government, the governments of France and Russia have given similar assurances.”
*a city located on the western coast of Arabia along the Red Sea
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Pamphlet published by the British Indian War Department, 1915. The
pamphlet was translated and distributed in cities and towns in India.
42. Which of the following best explains why the 43. The Ottoman Empire likely entered into the
pamphlet?
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British government felt the need to distribute the
World War. 44. Which of the following was the most direct
outcome of the conflict between Great Britain
(D) British passenger ships and shipping and the Ottoman Empire referred to in the
companies made significant profits by passage?
transporting Muslim pilgrims on the hajj
from India to Mecca and Medina. (A) India achieved independence from Great
Britain.
(B) The Ottoman Empire collapsed.
(C) The Bolshevik Revolution broke out in
Russia.
(D) Ottoman Turkey allied with Germany
against Great Britain.
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46. The global balance of power, alluded to on the 47. Which of the following likely explains the
map, best reflects which of the following political positions of most of the nonaligned
changes in the mid-twentieth century? Asian and African states shown on the map?
(A) The ability of the United States and the (A) As former colonial territories, they were
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companies
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One child only policy poster, Shenyang Province, Liaoning Province, China. (photo) / Photo © Alain Le Garsmeur / Bridgeman Images
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The caption in Chinese says, “Contribute to the Four Modernizations: One Family, One Child.” The
one-child policy was a set of regulations, incentives, and penalties designed to encourage Chinese
couples to have only one child. The policy was first enacted in 1979. The Four Modernizations policy was
an economic strategy adopted in 1977 to improve the fields of agriculture, industry, national defense, and
science and technology.
(A) The policy would lead to political reform (A) The increasing concern about possible
of the communist system. negative social consequences of
technological development
(B) The policy would lead to an improvement
in women’s social status. (B) The tendency of governments to take a
strong role in guiding their countries’
(C) The policy would guarantee China’s future
economic and social development
prosperity and progress.
(C) The rapid pace of cultural exchange
(D) The policy would encourage a return to
enabled by improved forms of
Confucian values of filial piety.
communication
51. Which of the following features of communist (D) The rejection of large-scale institutions by
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China in the late twentieth century most likely those favoring the devolution of power to
enabled its government to carry out the policy the local level
shown in the image?
“On May 21, 1987, exactly a week after the elected government of Fiji* had been ousted in a military coup . .
. a huge bused-in crowd of ethnic Fijian men and women sat on the lawn across the Civil Center in the capital
city, clapping and singing, while the Royal Fiji Military Forces band played ‘Onward Christian Soldiers.’
Across the park, another crowd of Indo-Fijian men and women and children watched apprehensive,
bewildered, frightened. . . . The coup-maker, Lt. Col. Sitiveni Rabuka, an ethnic Fijian, appeared on the
balcony. . . . With both fists punching the air, he addressed his supporters, ‘ [Ethnic] Fijians must rule Fiji:
that is God’s wish.’
Ten years later, Prime Minister Rabuka, now a mellowed, greyer, balding man, addressed a multiracial
election rally: ‘You cannot build a nation up by tearing each other down. That is why we focus on the need
for us to be united—the indigenous Fijian people, [as well as] the sons and daughters and grandchildren of
those who came as indentured laborers [from India], or in the following waves of business people are all
inextricable parts of the new Republic of the Fiji Islands.’”
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*the Fijian general elections of 1987 had brought to power a government dominated by political parties
associated with Fiji’s ethnic Indian community. Many ethnic Fijians resented the election results.
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53. Which of the following nineteenth-century
processes most directly contributed to the
migration of Indian laborers to Fiji as described
54. Which of the following processes most directly
contributed to the tensions in Fiji described in
the first paragraph?
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in the passage?
(A) Migrant groups often created relatively
(A) Indian merchants acted as brokers and isolated ethnic enclaves, while receiving
middlemen for European East India societies responded to them through
companies. ethnic prejudice.
(B) Colonial states in Asia and the Pacific (B) Violence between cultural groups led to
relied on coerced labor to work on acts of genocide perpetrated by
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production to developing economies in
the Asia-Pacific region
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