Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)

Q.1 : M.C.Qs
1) Which statement regarding the superior vena cava is correct
a. It is formed by the union of the right and left subclavian veins.
b. The azygos vein drains into its posterior aspect
c. It drains blood from all structures superior to the diaphragm
d. It forms the posterior boundary of the oblique pericardial sinus
e. Has a rudimentary valve at its opening into the right atrium.
2) Which statement about the left ventricle is correct?
a. The mitral valve is tricuspid.
b. The papillary muscles and chordae tendinae anchor the aortic valve.
c. It lies posterior to the right ventricle.
d. Its wall has a smooth and a rough portion.
e. The aortic valve is bicuspid.
3) Which statement regarding the left coronary artery is incorrect? '
a. Is usually shorter than the right coronary artery.
b. Has an intermediate branch in 1/3 of cases.
c. Supplies the sinoatrial node in 40% of cases.
d. Gives off the posterior interventricular artery in a left dominant circulation.
e. Passes posterior to the left auricle.
4) Which of the following statements regarding the thoracic sympathetic
chain is incorrect?
a. It crosses the neck of the 1st rib.
b. It exits the thorax by passing beneath the lateral arcuate ligament.
c. It gives off the splanchnic nerves.
d. It gives post-ganglionic fibres to the thoracic viscera.
5) The following structures could be injured in operation at the
concavity of arch of aorta except:
a. Left recurrent laryngeal nerve. b. Pulmonary bifurcation.
c. Right bronchus d. Ligamentum arteriosum

6) Which statement incorrectly describes the venous drainage of heart?

a. Venae cordis minimae drain into all four chambers. r
b. The anterior cardiac veins drain into the right atrium.
c. The coronary sinus lies in the posterior interventricular groove.
d. The middle cardiac vein is a tributary of the coronary sinus.
e. The small cardiac vein is a tributary of the coronary sinus.
7) Which of the following statements does not correctly describe the
thoracic duct?
a. It originates from the cisterna chyli.
b. It passes through the diaphragm with the aorta. r
c. It drains all the body tissue below the diaphragm.
d. It usually drains the entire left side of the body.
e. It empties into the left subclavian artery. .
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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
8) Which of these statements about the descending aorta is correct?
a. The descending aorta forms at the level of T6.
b. The aortic hiatus is at the level of T10.
c. The aorta usually gives rise to the majority of. the posterior intercostal
arteries.
d. Isolated coarctation usually occurs at the level of the hiatus.
e. Gives rise to a pair of subcostal arteries below the diaphragm.
9) Which of the followings form the lower border of the heart?
a. Right atrium.
b. Right ventricle.
c. Right atrium and right ventricle.
d. Right and left ventricles.
e. Left ventricle and left atrium.
10) The sternocostal surface of the heart is formed by good partitions
from the following chambers EXCEPT:
a. Left ventricle.
b. Right ventricle.
c. Right atrium. , .
d. Left atrium.
11) The sternocostal surface of the heart is formed mainly from:
a. Left ventricle b. Right ventricle.
c. Right atrium d. Left atrium.
12) The apex of the heart is formed by:
a. Right atrium b. Right ventricle
c. Left ventricle d. Left atrium
13) Concerning the heart, the following statements are true EXCEPT:
a. The right border of the heart is formed completely by the right ventricle.
b. The base of the heart is formed mainly by the left atrium,
c. The apex of the heart is formed by the left ventricle.
d. The base of the heart lies opposite T. 5 - T. 8 vertebrae in the
recumbent position.
e. The diaphragmatic surface is formed mainly by the left ventricle.
14) All of the following are correct regarding the cardiovascular system
EXCEPT:
a. The four chambers of the heart appear from the sternocostal surface.
b. The mitral valve is bicuspid.
c. The blood passing in the pulmonary valve is none oxygenated,
d. The coronary arteries originate from the aortic arch.
15) Concerning the orientation of the heart, the following is correct :
a. It lie's opposite the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th thoracic vertebrae,
b. The apex is normally located in the left 6lh intercostal space,
c. The left margin corresponds with the edge of the left ventricle,
d. No trace of the left atrium is seen on the ventral surface of the heart,
e. The base of the heart is most superior.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
16) Concerning the right atrium, the following is correct:
a. Forms the major part of the base of the heart.
b. Forms a part of the diaphragmatic surface of the heart
c. Receives the opening of the coronary sinus.
d. Supplied by the left coronary artery.
e. Receives the openings of the pulmonary veins.
17) Passing a needle directly posteriorly through the left 4th intercostal
space just lateral to the sternum will perforate the:
a. Right atrium.
b. Costal pleura.
c. Right ventricle
d. Left lung
e. Left ventricle.
18) Regarding the coronary arteries, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. They arise from the ascending aorta. »
b. They are two arteries.
c. The marginal is a branch of left coronary artery only.
d. The pulmonary trunk is anterior to them.
19) Concerning the coronary arteries, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. The right coronary artery arises from the anterior aortic sinus,
b. They left coronary artery arises from the left posterior aortic sinus,
c. The anterior interventricular artery is shorter than the posterior one.
d. The pulmonary trunk is related to both coronary arteries.
20) Concerning the left coronary artery, all the following are wrong
EXCEPT:
a. Arises from the anterior aortic sinus.
b. Lies between the pulmonary trunk and left auricle.
c. Has no anastomosis with the right coronary artery.
d. Gives the posterior interventricular branch.
e. Usually supplies the atrioventricular node.
21) The left coronary artery usually gives the following main branches
EXCEPT:
a. Anterior interventricular branch,
b. Twigs to the S.A. node,
c. Twigs to the pulmonary trunk,
d. Marginal branch.
22) For the left coronary artery, which of the following is TRUE?
a. Arises from the left anterior aortic sinus.
b. Its posterior interventricular branch supplies the posterior third of the
interventricular septum,
c. It runs on the inferior surface of the heart to anastomose with the right
coronary artery.
d. Its circumflex branch runs in the posterior interventricular groove.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
23) Regarding the right coronary artery, all the following are true
EXCEPT:
a. It arises from the anterior aortic sinus.
b. It lies deep to the right auricle.
c. Its marginal branch supplies the right ventricle.
d. It anastomosis with the circumflex artery.
e. It supplies the left atrium.
24) The following anatomic facts regarding the right coronary artery are
correct EXCEPT:
a. It gives rise to a marginal branch.
b. It passes forward between the right auricle and the pulmonary trunk.
c. It gives rise to an anterior interventricular branch.
4. It arises from the anterior aortic sinus.
e. It descends in the right atrioventricular groove.
25) Concerning the right coronary artery, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Gives the posterior interventricular artery,
b. It arises from the anterior sinus of the aorta,
c. Gives a branch to S.A. node,
d. Passes to the left of the pulmonary trunk.
26) Regarding the blood supply to the heart, the following is correct:
a. The right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and right ventricle,
b. The circumflex branch of the left coronary artery descends in the anterior
interventricular groove and passes around the apex of the heart.
c. The coronary arteries can be classified as end arteries
d. The coronary arteries are branches from the ascending aorta.
27) The sinoatrial node receives its arterial blood supply mainly from:
a. Left coronary artery.
b. Right coronary artery.
c. Marginal branch of right coronary artery.
d. None of the above.
28) Which one of the following structures is present in the coronary sulcus?
a. Marginal artery.
b. Circumflex artery.
c. Middle cardiac vein.
d. Conus artery.
e. Artery of the sinoatrial node.
29) The coronary sinus receives the following tributaries EXCEPT:
a. Anterior cardiac veins,
b. Great cardiac vein,
c. Middle cardiac vein,
d. Small cardiac vein.
30) The coronary sinus that drains the veins of the heart opens into:
a. Right atrium, b. Right ventricle,
c. Left ventricle, d. Left atrium. e. Superior vena cava.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
31) Regarding the coronary sinus, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It drains venous blood from all the heart,
b. It is a short vein,
c. It receives the small cardiac vein.
d. Its opening is guarded by a small valve
e. It opens into the right atrium.
32) Regarding the coronary sinus, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. It runs in the posterior part of the coronary groove.
b. It opens into the cavity of the right atrium.
c. Its opening is guarded by a small valve.
d. Its opening lies between the opening of IVC and the tricuspid valve.
e. The anterior cardiac veins drain into it
33) The following statements are true EXCEPT:
a. The right coronary artery arises from the anterior aortic sinus of the
ascending aorta.
b. The right coronary artery supplies SA node in 65% of people.
c. The left coronary artery runs anterior to the pulmonary trunk. «
d. The anterior inter-ventricular artery is accompanied by the great cardiac vein.
e. The circumflex artery anastomosis with the right coronary artery.
34) Concerning the interior of the right atrium, all are true EXCEPT:
a. The opening of the coronary sinus has a valve.
b. The wall of the auricle is rough.
c. Its anterior wall is ridged.
d. The opening of the S.V.C. has a valve.
35) The right atrium contains the following structures EXCEPT:
a. Crista terminalis.
b. Trabeculae carnae.
c. Limbus fossa ovalis.
d. Valve of inferior vena cava.
e. Fossa ovalis.
36) The fossa ovalis is located in the:
a. Left side of interatrial septum.
b. Right side of interventricular septum
c. Posterior wall of right ventricle
d. Anterior wall of right atrium
e. Right side of interatrial septum.
37) The following statements are true except:
a. The right atrium lies anterior and to the right of the left atrium.
b. Crista terminalis lies anterior to the smooth walled part of the right atrium.
c. Trabeculae carnae extend from the crista terminalis.
d. Septal wall of the right atrium presents fossa ovalis.
e. Opening of the SVC has no valves.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
38) The following veins open into the right atrium EXCEPT:
a. Inferior vena cava.
b. Coronary sinus.
c. Superior vena cava.
d. Great cardiac vein.
e. Anterior cardiac vein.
39) Concerning the trachea, all are correct EXCEPT:
a. It begins at the lower border of the larynx,
b. The posterior relation of its thoracic part is the oesophagus and the right
recurrent laryngealnerve.
c. It has two parts, cervical and thoracic,
d. The right vagus is closely related to it.
40) Regarding the trachea, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. The right vagus courses along its right side.
b. The left phrenic nerve is a direct left relation to it.
c. It begins at the 6th cervical vertebra.
d. It terminates at the level of the sternal angle.
e. It is related posteriorly to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve.
41) Regarding the trachea all following are true EXCEPT:
a. It begins at C6
b. It terminates at T4.
c. The right vagus is to the right
d. The phrenic nerve is to the left
e. Related posteriorly to the oesophagus
42) Concerning the trachea, all are correct EXCEPT:
a. Crossed by the aortic arch,
b. It starts at C. 6.
c. Deviates to the right,
d. Ends at the anterior mediastinum,
e. It contains incomplete cartilagenous rings.
43) Concerning the trachea, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Usually bifurcates at level of disc between 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae,
b. Has the deep cardiac plexus anterior to its bifurcation,
c. Contains complete rings of hyaline cartilage,
d. Supplied by the inferior thyroid artery.
44) The following statements concerning the main bronchi are correct
EXCEPT:
a. The right main bronchus is wider than the left main bronchus.
b. The right main bronchus is more vertical in position than the left main bronchus.
c. The left main bronchus passes to the left in front of the oesophagus.
d. The left main bronchus gives off the superior lobar bronchus before
entering the hilum of the lung.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
45) Concerning the left main bronchus, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It is less vertical than the right bronchus,
b. It is longer than the right bronchus,
c. Lies anterior to the left pulmonary artery.
d. It is narrower than the right one.
e. Its smooth muscles are innervated by both vagal and sympathetic fibers.
46) The following are true as regard the trachea EXCEPT:
a. It lies anterior to the oesophagus,
b. The left main bronchus is wider than the right,
c. It begins at the level of C. 6.
d. It measures about 10 cm in adults.
47) Anterior relations of the thoracic part of the oesophagus include the
following EXCEPT:
a. Trachea.
b. Arch of aorta. 1
c. Left bronchus.
d. Right atrium.
e. Diaphragm. v
48) The following are correct as regard the oesophagus EXCEPT:
a. It begins at C. 6.
b. Supplied by the inferior thyroid artery
c. Terminates at the level of T12
d. It lies in the midline in the superior mediastinum,
e. It has triple relation to the descending thoracic aorta.
49) The following structure(s) may press against the oesophagus during
the passage of barium meal EXCEPT:
a. Left ventricle.
b. Left principle bronchus and arch of the aorta,
c. Margins of the oesophageal opening in the diaphragm,
d. Muscular fibers of the lower end of the pharynx,
e. Left atrium.
50) Concerning the oesophagus, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It lies posterior to the base of the heart.
b. It is supplied by both the inferior thyroid and left gastric arteries,
c. It is innervated by both the vagus and sympathetic nerves,
d. It is drained by both the portal and azygos veins,
e. Has a sphincter at both of its ends.
51) Which of the following structures lies anterior to the brachiocephalic
veins?
a. Superior vena cava. ,. .
b. Brachiocephalic lymph nodes.
c. Phrenic nerves.
d. Brachiocephalic artery.
e. Azygos vein.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
52) All the following are true concerning the superior vena cava EXCEPT:
a. It begins behind the 1st right costal cartilage.
b. It ends behind the third right costal cartilage.
c. It lies in the superior and middle mediastinum.
d. It lies in front of the transverse sinus of the pericardium.
e. Part of it lies inside the pericardium.
53) The following are tributaries of the right innominate vein EXCEPT:
a. Right vertebral vein.
b. Inferior thyroid veins.
c. Right internal thoracic vein.
d. Right 1st posterior intercostal vein.
54) The following are tributaries of the azygos vein EXCEPT:
a. Right superior intercostal vein
b. Hemiazygos veins.
c. Right subcostal vein
d. Superior left intercostal vein.
55) Concerning the azygos vein, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Receives all the posterior intercostal veins.
b. Joins the back of the superior vena cava at the level of the 2nd right costal
cartilage,
c. It terminates into the superior vena cava at the level of T4
d. The right phrenic nerve is medial to its arch.
56) Concerning the azygos vein, all are true EXCEPT:
a. The azygos vein is the main tributary to the superior vena cava.
b. Usually arises from the back of inferior vena cava in the abdomen
c. Enters the thorax through the aortic opening in the diaphragm
d. Arches over the root of right lung
e. Ends in superior vena cava at level of third costal cartilage.
57) Concerning the arch of the aorta, all are false EXCEPT:
a. Extends upwards as far as the upper border of the sternum,
b. Crossed anteriorly by the phrenic nerves,
c. Lies in front and to the left of the bifurcation of the trachea,
d. Has the ligamentum arteriosum attached to its upper convex border,
e. Has the left vagus nerve passing posterior to it.
58) The inferior aspect of the arch of the aorta is related to the following
EXCEPT:
a, Left recurrent laryngeal nerve.
b. Left pulmonary artery.
c. Right main bronchus.
d. Ligamentum arteriosum.
e. Bifurication of the pulmonary trunk.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
59) The following are posterior relations to the arch of the aorta EXCEPT:
a. Trachea.
b. Thoracic duct.
c. Right recurrent laryngeal nerve.
d. Vertebral column.
60) The arch of the aorta is related anteriorly and to the left to the
following structures EXCEPT:
a. Left phrenic nerve.
b. Left vagus nerve.
c. Left pleura.
d. Left innominate vein.
e. Left lung.
61) Concerning the descending thoracic aorta, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It has triple relation to the oesophagus.
b. Gives off 9 pairs of posterior intercostal arteries.
c. Passes behind the diaphragm at the twelfth thoracic vertebra.
d. Supplies branches to the oesophagus.
e. It lies anterior to the oesophagus immediately above the diaphragm.
62) Concerning the pulmonary trunk, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Lies at its origin anterior to the beginning of the aorta.
b. It is enclosed in a common sleeve of serous pericardium with the superior
vena cava.
c. Divides anterior to the aortic arch,
d. It is related to the right pleura and lung,
e. Has both coronary arteries arising posterior to it.
63) Regarding the pulmonary trunk, the following is correct:
a. Arises from the inftmdibulum of right atrium,
b. Lies behind the sternal end of third right intercostal space,
c. Divides into right and left pulmonary veins,
d. All the above,
e. None of the above.
64) Concerning the pulmonary trunk, the following are true EXCEPT:
a. The left artery passes in front of descending aorta,
b. The right artery passes behind ascending aorta.
c. It carries deoxygenated blood,
d. It arises from the infundibulum of the left ventricle.
65) Concerning right phrenic nerve, the following is correct:
a. It is formed mainly by the third cervical spinal nerve,
b. It passes through the aortic opening of the diaphragm,
c. It is entirely a motor nerve,
d. It is lateral to the inferior vena cava.
e. It is posterior to the hilum of the lung.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
66) Concerning the right phrenic nerve, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It is entirely motor,
b. It runs lateral to S.V.C.
c. It contains fibers mainly from 4th cervical segment of spinal cord.
d. It is the only motor nerve to the right side of the diaphragm.
67) The right phrenic nerve:
a. Formed mainly by the third cervical spinal nerve,
b. Passes through the aortic opening of the diaphragm,
c. Lies lateral to the inferior vena cava.
d. Passes posterior to the hilum of the left lung.
68) Regarding the left vagus nerve, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. It ends as the posterior gastric nerve.
b. It gives the left recurrent laryngeal nerve in the thorax.
c. It gives cardiac branches.
d. It forms pulmonary plexus.
e. It passes through the oesophageal opening of the diaphragm.
69) The left vagus nerve:
a. Passes behind the root of the left lung.
b. Enters the thorax medial to the common carotid artery.
c. Lies anterior to the left brachiochephalic vein.
d. Lies superficial to the phrenic nerve as they cross the arch of aorta.
70) The following as regard the left vagus are correct EXCEPT:
a. It passes behind the root of left lung.
b. It enters the thorax lateral to the left common carotid artery.
c. Its left recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks around the arch of the aorta.
d. It forms the main part of the right gastric nerve.
71) Which of the following nerves is related to the venous side of heart?
a. Right phrenic nerve b. Left phrenic nerve
c. Left vagus nerve, d. Right vagus nerve.
e. Right sympathetic trunk.
72) Concerning the left phrenic, all are correct EXCEPT:
a. Its root value is C. 3, 4, and 5.
b. It crosses the arch of. the aorta.
c. It supplies the diaphragm through its superior surface.
d. It descends outside the pericardium.
73) Regarding the phrenic nerves, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Arise from C. 3, 4, 5 segments of the spinal cord.
b. Each enters thorax by descending behind of neck of corresponding 1st
rib. c. Pass in front of the roots of the lungs
d. Supply sensory branches to pericardium.
74) Concerning the sympathetic trunk, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It crosses the neck of the first rib. b. It gives cardiac branches.
c. It is one on each side, d. It lies in the middle mediastinum.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
75) Concerning the sympathetic nerves in the thorax, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Supply the heart from the first four thoracic spinal segments.
b. Supply postganglionic fibers to the coeliac ganglia.
c. They are vasodilators to the coronary arteries.
d. Cause dilatation of the smooth muscles of bronchi.
76) The greater splanchnic nerve is formed by branches of the following
thoracic sympathetic ganglia :
a. Fifth to ninth b. Eleventh only,
c. Ninth and tenth, d. Seventh to twelfth, e. Last two.
77) The following statements regarding the innervations of thoracic
structures are correct EXCEPT:
a. The lung and visceral pleura are innervated by the autonomic nerves and
they are not sensitive to sensations of temperature, touch, and pressure,
b. The motor innervation of the diaphragm is provided by the third, fourth,
and fifth cervical spinal nerves and by the lower six intercostal nerves,
c. The sensory nerve supply to the mucous membrane of the lower part of
the trachea is from the vagus and the recurrent laryngeal nerves,
d. The nerve supply of the pericardium is the phrenic nerves,
e. The sinuatrial node is supplied by sympathetic and parasympathetic
nerves via cardiac plexuses.
78) Regarding the thoracic duct, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. It crosses from right to left,
b. It drains the right lung and pleura,
c. It enters the thorax at T. 12.
d. It crosses behind the oesophagus at the level of T. 5.
e. It terminates in the large veins of the neck.
79) Regarding the thoracic duct, all the following areas are drained by it
EXCEPT:
a. Lower part of the trunk.
b. Intestine.
c. Right part of the thoracic wall. •
d. Right lower limb.
80) Regarding the thoracic duct, all are wrong EXCEPT:
a. Enters the thorax through the aortic opening in the diaphragm,
b. Drains lymph only from lower half of the body,
c. Begins in the pelvis,
d. Does not contain any valves.
81) The following statements are correct as regard the thoracic duct
EXCEPT:
a. It is the upward continuation of the cisterna chyli.
b. It passes behind the carotid sheath at the root of the neck.
c. It drains lymph from all the body.
d. It enters the thorax through the aortic opening of the diaphragm.
e. It terminates by entering the beginning of the left brachiocephalic vein.

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)
82) The thoracic duct in the superior mediastinum lies on:
a. Left side of the trachea.
b. Between trachea and oesophagus.
c. Left side of the oesophagus,
d. Left side of the arch of the aorta,
e. None of the above.

Q.2 : Mention true and false statements

1. The apex of the heart if formed by the left ventricle ()
2. The thoracic duct started in the abdomen and end into the left
brachiocephalic vein ()
3. The anterior interventricular artery is a branch from the posterior
intercostal artery (×)
4. coronary sinus lies in the posterior atrioventricular sulcus between left
atrium & left ventricle ()

Q.3 : Complete:

1. The fibrous pericardium is attached downwards to ————————————

————— and anteriorly to —————————————
2. The arterial supply of the fibrous pericardium is:
a) ________________ b) -------------
3. The transverse sinus of the pericardium is related anteriorly to:
a) __________________ b) ——----------------
4. What is the posterior boundary of the oblique sinus of the pericardium
a)------------------------------------------- b) …………………………….
5. What are the contents of the anterior inter-ventricular groove?
a) ………………………. b) - ------—-----------------
6. What are the contents of the coronary sulcus?
a) ——————————————— b)---------------------------------------------
7. What is surface anatomy of the apex of the heart, what is the chamber forming it?
a) Surface anatomy: ——————————————————————————
————————
b) Chamber forming it: ————————————————————————
8. The base of the heart is formed mainly by ————————————-———
—————
9. The left coronary artery takes origin from ————————————————
—————— It passes to the right between ———————————and ———
10. The branches of the right coronary artery are:
a) ———————————————————— b) -----------------------------------
C)——.—————— d) ——--—————————————

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Anatomy Exam Thorax (2)

11. What is the arterial supply of the left ventricle?

…………………………………… , ………………………………………

12. The arterial supply of S.A. node is derived from —————————————

—— while that of A.V. node is derived from ———————————

13. The anterior 2/3 of the interatrial septum is supplied by ——————————

artery while its posterior 1/3 is supplied by the ————————————artery.

14. The tributaries of the coronary sinus are:

____-____________ , …………………., …………………,…………….

15. The coronary sinus terminates in ———————————————————

———————

16. The anterior cardiac veins ascend on the anterior surface of—————————
and terminate in —————————————

17. The septomarginal trabecula (Moderator band) connects the ————————

to the ————————————————— across the lumen of the right
ventricle. It carries the ——————————————— to the lateral wall of the
right ventricle.

19. The main vessels opening into the right atrium are:
____________________________________________________________________

20. The parts of the inter-ventricular septum?

a) ———————————————————— b) ----------------------------------

21. The smooth part of the right atrium is separated from the rough part by ————
—— ————————————the inner aspect and separated by -----—--—-------
on the outer surface of the right atrium.
22. The smooth part of the right ventricle is called ——————————— and
that in the left ventricle is called ——————————————————

23. The rough parts in the right atrium is called —————————— and that in
the left ventricle is called —————————-—————

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