Name: Josaine Angel R.

Tayone Section: 09101

Subject: TEAM SPORTS & GAMES Instructor: Leopoldo Miranda

VOLLEYBALL

Volleyball, game played by two teams, usually of six players on a side, in which the players use their hands to
bat a ball back and forth over a high net, trying to make the ball touch the court within the opponents’ playing
area before it can be returned. To prevent this a player on the opposing team bats the ball up and toward a
teammate before it touches the court surface—that teammate may then volley it back across the net or bat it to a
third teammate who volleys it across the net. A team is allowed only three touches of the ball before it must be
returned over the net.

HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL

Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, physical director of the Young Men’s Christian
Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was designed as an indoor sport for businessmen who found
the new game of basketball too vigorous. Morgan called the sport “mintonette,” until a professor from
Springfield College in Massachusetts noted the volleying nature of play and proposed the name of “volleyball”
The original rules were written by Morgan and printed in the first edition of the Official Handbook of the
Athletic League of the Young Men’s Christian Associations of North America (1897). The game soon proved to
have wide appeal for both sexes in schools, playgrounds, the armed forces, and other organizations in the United
States, and it was subsequently introduced to other countries.

In 1916 rules were issued jointly by the YMCA and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The
first nationwide tournament in the United States was conducted by the National YMCA Physical Education
Committee in New York City in 1922. The United States Volleyball Association (USVBA) was formed in 1928
and recognized as the rules-making, governing body in the United States. From 1928 the USVBA—now known
as USA Volleyball (USAV)—has conducted annual national men’s and senior men’s (age 35 and older)
volleyball championships, except during 1944 and 1945. Its women’s division was started in 1949, and a senior
women’s division (age 30 and older) was added in 1977. Other national events in the United States are
conducted by member groups of the USAV such as the YMCA and the NCAA.

Volleyball was introduced into Europe by American troops during World War I, when national organizations
were formed. The Fédération Internationale de Volley Ball (FIVB) was organized in Paris in 1947 and moved to
Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1984. The USVBA was one of the 13 charter members of the FIVB, whose
membership grew to more than 210 member countries by the late 20th century.

HOW TO PLAY VOLLEYBALL

 A volleyball game consists of two teams of six players each, separated by a net. The six volleyball court
positions are setter, middle blocker, outside hitter, opposite hitter, libero and serving specialist.
 To start, flip a coin to determine which team serves the ball first.
 Then the two teams will rally—or hit the ball back and forth over the net—until a fault occurs. There is a
maximum of three hits per side.
 The objective is to score points by sending the ball over the net, grounding it into the opponent’s court.
 Volleyball matches are made up of sets, typically three or five sets.
 Three-set matches are two sets to 25 points and a third set to 15 points. Each set must be won by two points.
The first team to win two sets is the winner of the match.
 Five-set matches are four sets to 25 points and a fifth set to 15 points. The team must win by two points
unless tournament rules dictate otherwise. The first team to win three sets is the winner.

What are the positions in volleyball?

Each team has six players, with three at the front in the attack zone and three in the back in the defence zone.
Here’s some information on who does what when playing volleyball:

Outside hitter: As you face the net, this player stands at the front-left of the court in the attack zone. Sometimes
called the wing spiker, they often attack the ball a setter has prepared for them. While the ball is in play they can
often work across the front and back row.

Right side hitter: This player has similar responsibilities to the outside hitter, but they focus on the right-hand
side of the court.

Opposite hitter: This is the player who scores the most points in the game. Their position is usually in the back
left corner of the court. Not only do they need to score points, but, because they play against the other team’s
opposite hitter, they need defensive skills too.

Setter: Often called the playmaker, this player is like the quarterback of the team. They run the offensive
strategies and set the ball up for the attackers to score. They’re often in the right-back of the court and can work
both rows.

Middle blocker: Sitting in the middle, right in front of the net, this player’s main responsibility is to block
attacks from the other team. They’re also a key passer who helps get the ball to the setter.

Libero: This is a back row player, who can only work at the rear of the court. They usually wear a different
colour top to the rest of the team and can enter and exit the game without substitution. They also can replace any
other player and often swaps places with the middle blocker.

What are the moves?

There are a few ways you can play the ball in volleyball. Here are the main moves you can play to help you get
started and understand what you can do to develop your game.

Beginners: When you first start off, it’s a good idea to begin by catching and tossing the ball so to get a feel for
the rules while keeping the ball in play for longer. Once you’ve mastered the rules and the flow, it’s time to start
bringing hits into the game.

Passing: This is where a player receives the ball from the server and passes it to the playmaker. This is usually
done with an underhand bump in a short, controlled manner, with minimal arm swing. It’s quite literally a
bump, rather than a hit.

Setting: The setter is the playmaker in volleyball. They prepare the ball so it’s well-placed for an attacker to
shoot and score a point for their team. Overhead setting is when a player places both their hands above their
forehead, creating a triangle shape with their thumbs and index fingers. They push the ball up with their fingers,
with the attacker ready to take their shot.

Spiking: This is one of the most impressive-looking moves in the game. A spike is generally when a player
runs, jumps and hits the ball over the net with a powerful swing. Usually this is a move for an attacker or
shooter, as these big hits usually win points. If you’re a beginner, try to avoid spiking until you can maintain a
long rally.

Blocking: A block is a defensive move used at the net. When an attacker moves to shoot, a maximum of three
players on the other team come close to the net and jump just after the attacker with their arms up. When the ball
comes over the net, it’ll be blocked by the players and either move into their side or back towards the opposing
team.

Digging: When the ball is heading towards the floor after an attack, a defender from the back row can run or
dive forward to bump the ball back up and pass it to another team member.

RULES IN VOLLEYBALL

THE SERVE:

1. Server must serve from behind the end line (dark green/blue) until after contact.
2. Ball may be served underhand or overhand.
3. Ball must be clearly visible to opponents before serve.
4. Served ball may graze the net and drop to the other side for a point.
5. First game serve is determined by a volley, each subsequent game shall be served by the previous game
loser.
6. Serve must be returned by a bump only. No setting or attacking a serve.

SCORING:

1. Rally scoring will be used.

2. There will be a point scored on every score of the ball.
3. Offense will score on a defense miss or out of bounds hit.
4. Defense will score on an offensive miss, out of bounds hit, or serve into the net.
5. Game will be played to 25 points.
6. Must win by 2 points.

ROTATION:

1. Team will rotate each time they win the serve.

2. Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner.
3. There shall be 6 players on each side.
PLAYING THE GAME (VOLLEY)

1. Maximum of three (3) hits per side.

2. Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (a block is not considered a hit).
3. Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on serve.
4. A ball touching a boundary line is good.
5. A legal hit is contact with the ball by a players’ body above and including the waist which does not
allow the ball to visibly come to a rest.
6. If two or more players contact the ball simultaneously, it is considered one play and the players
involved may not participate in the next play.
7. A player must not block or attack a serve.
8. Switching positions will be allowed only between front line players. (after the serve only).

BASIC VIOLATIONS:

1. Stepping on or over the line on a serve.

2. Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully.
3. Hitting the ball illegally (carrying, palming, throwing, etc).
4. Touches of the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play. If the ball is driven into the net
with such force that it causes the net to contact an opposing player, no foul will be called, and the ball
shall continue to be in play.
5. Reaching over the net, except under these conditions:

*When executing a follow-through.

*When blocking a ball which is in the opponents court but is being returned (the blocker must not contact the
ball until after the opponent who is attempting to return the ball makes contact), except to block the third play.
*Reaches under the net (if it interferes with the ball or opposing player).
*Failure to serve in correct order.
*Blocks or spikes from a position which is clearly not behind the 10 ft. line while in a back row position.
REFERENCES:

Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2022, August 18). volleyball. Encyclopedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/sports/volleyball

https://www.theartofcoachingvolleyball.com/basic-volleyball-rules-and-terminology/

https://olympics.com/en/news/how-to-play-volleyball