SMJK Yu Hua, Kajang, Selangor

STPM Trial Examination

September 2013
Physics Paper 1

Form : 6BS1 Prepared by : Pn Rosmaya Mokhtar

Date :26th September 2013 (Thursday)
Time : 11:35 – 1:05 am Verified by : Pn. Lew Poh Peng
Number of printed pages : En. Chiew Kiang Keng

Name:……………………………………………….
Section A. (15 marks)
Answer all questions.
1. The physical quantity that has the same dimension as the Young modulus is
A. Impulse B. pressure C. stress D. strain

2. Among the following statements, which is the correct statement about the error in measurement?
A. Zero error is a random error
B. Accurate measurements are measurements with low random error
C. Systematic error can be caused by instruments of low sensitivity
D. Random error can be decreased by repeating the measurements

3. A mass of 3 kg moving with a speed of 2.0 ms-1 on a smooth horizontal surface is acted on by a
horizontal force F, acting in the same direction as the motion of the mass. The force F varies with time as
shown in the diagram.
F/ N

t/ s
0
2 10
What is the speed of the mass after 10 s?
A. 8.0 ms-1 B. 10.0 ms-1 C. 30.0 ms-1 D. 32.0 ms-1

4. The diagram below shows two blocks of wood p and Q of mass 3.0 kg and 5.0 kg respectively. They are
connected by a light non-elastic string and are being pulled by a force of 30.0 N along the floor.
5.0 kg
3.0 kg
T
P Q

If the kinetic friction of P and Q with the floor are respectively 4.0 N and 10.0 N, how much is the tension
T in the string ?
A. 4.0 N B. 10.0 N C. 11.3 N D. 16.0 N

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5. A particle moves so that its potential energy varies with the square of displacement from the origin :
U  r2
as shown in the diagram below.

0 r
Which of the graphs below show how the force F which acts on the particle in the positive r direction,
depends on r?
F F
A. C.

0
r 0 r

D.
B. F F

0 r

0 r

6. An aeroplane bomber diving at an angle of 60o with the vertical releases a bomb at the height of 700 m.
The bomb hits the ground 5 seconds after release. What is the velocity of the aeroplane at the instant of
releasing the bomb?
A. 230 ms-1 B. 115 ms-1 C. 58 ms-1 D. 50 ms-1

7. A jet of water gushes out at a constant velocity v. This jet of water is directed so that it will hit a vertical
wall normally and produce a pressure P on the wall. How high is the pressure on the wall if the velocity of
the jet of water is changed to 2v? (Assume that no water rebounces from the wall)

A. 4P B. 2P C. 2 2P D. 2P2

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8. A pail containing water is rotated in a vertical circle, but the water does not spill out. This is shown in the
diagram.
pail
-- --
water -- --

rope

If T is the tension in the rope, R is the normal reaction on the water by the pail, m is the mass of water in
the pail and g is the acceleration due to gravity, then the centripetal force on the water at the highest point
can be expressed as
A. R + mg B. T C. mg D. R

9. If the radius of the Earth is R and the acceleration due to gravity is g, how much is the difference between
g and the acceleration due to gravity at a height h from the surface of the Earth ?
A. (h – R) g B. (h – R) g C. h D. h(2R + h) g
R h (R + h) (R + h)2

10. The diagram shows a block of wood on a rough inclined plane. The mass of the block of wood is m and
the coefficient of friction between the wood and the plane is .


If the body does not slide downwards, the maximum angle  between the slope and the horizontal line is
A. tan–1 (mg) B. tan–1 mg C. tan–1  D. tan–1 
 mg

11. A rod of original length L and cross-sectional area A is extended by e. If E is the Young modulus for the
rod, and the change in cross-sectional area can be neglected, the energy per unit volume stored by the rod
is ?
A. Ee B. EeA C. Ee2 D. Ee2A
2 2
L L 2L 2L

12. The molar heat capacity of an ideal gas at constant pressure is more than the heat capacity at constant
volume because
A. work is needed to overcome the forces between the molecules when the gas expands
B. work is needed to overcome the external pressure when the gas expands
C. the kinetic energy of rotation of the molecules increases when the gas expands
D. is the molecules are far apart from each other, then the collisions occur less frequently and the
average molecular energy decreases

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13. What is the number of degrees of freedom for a diatomic gas at 300K?
A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

14. The ratio of the principle heat capacities  for an ideal gas is 1.40. If 29.1 J of heat energy is needed to
raise the temperature of 1 mol of the gas by 1 K at constant pressure, then the molar heat capacity at
constant volume is
A. 35 J mol–1 K–1 B. 11.6 J mol–1 K–1 C. 20.8 J mol–1 K–1 D. 37.4 J mol–1 K–1

15. An ideal gas has a volume of 1.5 x 10–3 m3 and a pressure of 1.0 x 105 Pa. Energy of 70 J is supplied to
the ideal gas. In this process, the volume of the gas increases to 1.7 x 10–3 m3 with the pressure remaining
constant. The internal energy of the gas will
A. decrease by 70 J B. increase by 80 J C. increase by 50 J D. decrease by 50 J

Section B. (15 marks)

Answer all questions.
16. a) Write down the dimensions of the following physical quantities.
Physical quantity Dimension
Area
Velocity
Density
Force
[2 marks]
b) Frictional force F of air on a car moving with velocity v in air of density  is given by
F = k vxyAz
where k is a dimensionless constant. A = effective area. Determine the values of x, y and z. [6 marks]

17. The following table gives the Young modulus, the tensile strength and the maximum stress for three types
of materials. The tensile strength of a material is the maximum stress that can be applied on to a material
without breaking it, while the maximum strain is the strain produced at the breaking point.
Material Young modulus/ Tensile strength/ Maximum strain/
109 Pa 106 Pa %
Steel 200 250 35
Glass 71 100 1
Rubber 1 32 850

a) Sketch stress-strain graphs for the three materials using the same axes. [3 marks]
b) Why is the tensile strength determined by maximum stress and not by the maximum force that is
stretching the wire? [2 marks]
c) Explain, from the molecular point of view, why rubber has a maximum strain exceeding 100%.
[2 marks]

Section C. (30 marks)

Answer any two questions.
18. a) State Newton’s laws of motion. [3 marks]
b) A particle of mass m with velocity v is acted on by a force F in the short time period t so that the
direction of motion of the particle changes through a small angle  with change in the magnitude of
the velocity. Using a suitable Newton’s Law of motion, derive an expression for force F.
[3 marks]
c) A conveyor belt is moved over rollers by a motor to convey boxes which fall vertically downwards on
it. The conveyor belt moves with a constant velocity of 1.50 ms-1. Each box of mass 200 kg takes
0.60 s to attain the constant speed of the conveyor belt after falling on the belt.
i) How much of additional force on the motor is needed to act on the boxes so that they attain
the speed of the conveyor belt? [2 marks]
ii) Determine the change in kinetic energy of a box. [2 marks]
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 iii) Explain each step of the motion of the box from the instant it acts on the conveyor belt to the
instant whereby it attains the speed of the conveyor belt. [3 marks]
iv) Determine the power of the motor before and after the box attains the speed of the conveyor
belt, given that the frictional force between the conveyor belt and the rollers is 700 N.
[2 marks]

19. a) i) State Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation [1 mark]

ii) A particle X at a distance r from a particle Y experiences an attractive force F due to
particle Y. Sketch a graph to show the variation of F with r. [1 marks]

b) The weight of a satellite in a circular orbit around the Earth is half its weight on the surface of the
Earth. If the mass of the satellite is 800 kg, determine
i) the altitude of the satellite [3 marks]
ii) the speed of the satellite [3 marks]
iii) the minimum energy to bring the satellite out of its orbit to outer space. [2 marks]

Discuss qualitatively, the effect on your answers in b) i), b) ii) and b) iii) above if the 800 kg satellite
is substituted with a 1600 kg satellite. [2 marks]
[Mass of the Earth = 6.0 x 1024 kg, radius of the Earth = 6.4 x 106 m]

c) A star of mass M and radius R, can be assumed to be a sphere moving with a high speed about its axis
through its centre. If the attractive force acting on particles on the equator of the star is insufficient to
provide the centripetal force for the rotation of the star, the star will disintergrate when the critical
angular velocity c is reached. By considering a particle m at the equator of the star, show that
c2 = 4  G
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Where G and  are respectively the gravitational constant and the average density of the star.
[3 marks]

20. a) i) Explain what is meant by internal energy of a gas and adiabatic changes of a system.
[2 marks]
ii) Write down an equation representing the first law of thermodynamics, by defining the
symbols clearly and deduce the form of the law for an adiabatic process. [3 marks]
iii) Starting form your answer in a) ii), show that work W, done to expand a mole of ideal gas
adiabatically from pressure p1 and volume V1 to pressure p2 and volume V2 is given by
W = p1V1 – p2V2
-1 [4 marks]

b) When a gas sample is allowed to expand adiabatically in an experiment, its pressure falls from
135 kPa to 105 kPa and its temperature from 320 K to 290 K. If the gas can be assumed to behave like
an ideal gas in the experiment.
i) Calculate the ratio of the final volume of the sample to the initial volume of the gas
[2 marks]
ii) Deduce, by using calculations, whether the gas is monoatomic or diatomic. [4 marks]

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Mark scheme for paper 1 Physics (Trial STPM 2013)
Section A..
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. A
7. A
8. A
9. D
10. D
11. C
12. B
13. B
14. C
15. C

Section B.
16. a)
Physical quantity Dimension
Area L2
Velocity LT-1
Density ML-3
Force MLT-2
b)
F = k vxyAz
[F ] = k[ v]x []y [A]z
MLT-2 = (LT-1)x (ML-3)y (L2)z
= MyLx – 3y + 2z T–x
Equating indices : For M : y = 1
T:x=2
L : 1 = x – 3y + 2z
= 2 – 3 + 2z
2z = 2
z=1
17.

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 b) Different forces can produce the same extension in the same substance with different cross-sectional
area.
c) Rubber consists of chains which are randomly arranged. If the rubber is stretched, these chains will be
straightened to produce strain of more than 100%.

18. a) Newton’s first law of motion:

a body will tend to stay in a state of rest or in motion with a constant velocity in a straight line unless
an external force acts on it.
Newton’s second law of motion:
The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and it will occur in the
line of action of that force.
Newton’s third law of motion:
For every action, there is a reaction of equal magnitude acting in the opposite direction

b) Second law: F = mv

t
F = mv2 – mv1
t

From the diagram : v = v

v
F = m(v2 – v1)
t
= mv
v2  v1
t
= mv
t

c) i) Additional force = rate of change of momentum

= m(v2 – v1)
t
= 200(1.50 – 0)/0.6
= 500N

ii) initial kinetic energy = 0J

final kinetic energy = ½ mv2
= ½ (200)(1.50)2
= 225 J
Change in kinetic energy = 225 – 0 = 225 J

iii) before the box falls on the conveyor belt, the horizontal velocity of the box is zero and the
velocity of the belt is constant. The instant , the ball is on the conveyor belt, the friction between
the conveyor belt and the box will accelerate the box. If the frictional force is not big enough ,
sliding will occur and and the acceleration of the box to the velocity of the belt will tahe a
longer time. At the instant the box moves at the velocity of the belt , the frictional force is equal
to the retarding force due to the box (for example air resistance + work done to move the belt).
The motor supplies the additional frictional force required to move the box.
When the conveyor belt moves at a constant speed, the force supplied by the motor is equal to the
resistance in moving the belt. The addition of the box produces an added resistance which is
overcome by the additional force supplied by the motor.

iii) Power of motor = Fv = 700 (1.5)

= 1050 W
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 Power of the motor after the box moves with a constant velocity on the belt
= power before + additional power
= 1050 + (500 x 1.5)
= 1050 + 750
= 1800 W

19. a) i) Newton’s Law of gravitation, F = Gm1m2/r2

ii)
F

r
b) i) GmM = ½ mg
r2
r = 2MG/g
= 2x6.0x1024x6.67x10-11/9.8
= 9.04 x 106 m
Altitude = (9.04 – 6.4) x 106 = 2.64 x 106 m

ii) ½ mg = mv2/r
v = 9.8x9.04x106/2 = 6.65 x103 ms-1

iii) energy = GMm/r

= 6.67x10-11 x 6.0x1024 x 800/9.04 x 106
= 3.54 x 1010 J
The altitude and speed of the satellite will not change because these two quantities do not
depend on the mass. Satellites with heavier mass will require higher minimum potential
energy. The potential of the satellite is directly proportional to the mass.

c) GmM/R2 = mRc2
c2 = GM/R3
 = m/V
= m / [4/3 R3]
R3 = 3M/ 4
c2 = GM x 4/3M
= 4G/3M

20. a) i) The total sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the molecules
in the gas is the internal energy of the gas
An adiabatic process is a process where no heat is allowed to enter or leave the system.

ii) Q = U + W
Q = heat supplied
U = change in internal energy
W = Work done by gas
For an adiabatic process, W is equal to the decrease in internal energy of the gas, -U
W = -U ( no heat is allowed to enter or leave the system)
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 iv) W = -U
= - Cv [T2 – T1]
P1V1 = RT1
P2V2 = RT2
T1 – T2 = 1/R (p1V1 – p2V2)
W = - Cv/R (p1V1 – p2V2)
 = Cp/Cv , R = Cp – Cv
W = - Cv (p1V1 – p2V2)
Cp – Cv
= -Cv/Cv (p1V1 – p2V2)
Cp _ Cv
Cv Cv
= p1V1 – p2V2
-1
b) i) p2V2 = p1V1
T2 T1
V2 = p1T2
V1 p2T1
= 135 x 290
105 x 320
= 1.165

ii) T1V1-1 = T2V2-1

T1/T2 = [V1/V2]-1
 - 1 = [ln (T1/T2)]
[ln (V2/V1)]
= ln (320/290)
ln 1.165
= 0.09844
0.15272
= 0.6446
 = 1.6446
Gas is monoatomic because  for a diatomic gas is 1.40 and a monoatomic gas is 1.67.