© 2023 JETIR October 2023, Volume 10, Issue 10 www.jetir.

org (ISSN-2349-5162)

CHOICE OF BIRTH SETTING

Savita S. Hanamsagar1*, Bijlee Mundinmani2
1 2
PG Student, Assistant Professor, SDM Institute of Nursing Sciences, Shri Dharmasthala
Manjunatheshwara University, Sattur, Dharwad, Karnataka, India

Abstracts: delivery settings involves in hospitals, in birth centers

and at home.
The objective of the birth setting is to evaluate
patients and future expectations for pregnancy
and identification and management of risk Types of birth settings
1. Home birth
factors. In fact, it will improve in the
2. Hospital birth
reproductive health outcomes. Mother will be
3. Birthing chairs
assessed by skilled health care professionals
4. Birthing ball
during the Labour. Family can help to mother
and can be a part of that memorable event of
birthing process. Home birth-
Key point: Birth Setting Home birth is usual mode of birth in developing
countries .Under the supervision of nurse
midwives in well-planned settings.
Introduction
Planning
Choice of birth setting is Childbirth delivery
alternatives include assisted childbirth, natural a) Mother should be informed about risk and
be benefits.
unassisted childbirth, , and delivery by lower
b) Achieve a favorable home situation for
segment caesarian section. Childbirth birth and delivery
delivery settings involves in hospitals, in birth centers c) Educate child birth classes for mother and
family.
and at home.
d)
e) Fetal malpresentation, multiple gestation
Meaning of birth setting or prior LSCS are absolute
contraindication for home delivery.
It is the appropriate settings for giving birth under
f) Preparation of home birth plan.
the supervision and guidance of trained health
care personnel. g) Alternative Therapies should be used in
Choice of birth setting is Childbirth delivery home Birthing.
h) There should be availability of
alternatives include assisted childbirth, natural
transportation facilities.
unassisted childbirth, , and delivery by lower i) Emergency drugs and equipment and drugs
segment caesarian section. Childbirth should be available while planning home
delivery.
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Advantage of hospital birth :
Advantage :
 A mother is encouraged to be prepared to
1. Birth may be in physiologically in control the discomfort of labor through non
familiar situation. medication measures.
2. Discomfort throughout the labor can be  A mother is encouraged to be
prepared through non medicated knowledgeable about labor process
measures.  Skilled professionals during delivery
3. Family integrity can be maintained.
4. Mother is attended by skilled
professionals during the Labour. Birthing chairs-
5. Family can assist and in be a part of that
happy event and contact with ne born is  A birthing chair it is a device that is shaped
easily available.. to assist a mother in the physiological
6. Hospital may be less expensive. upright posture during Childbirth.
 It is intended to provide balance and
support.
Disadvantage :  If backless, it is known as a birth stool.
 Birthing chair are comfortable tool with a
 Extended high-risk cases are not
side away seat that allows a mother
immediately available.
comfortable position during labor.
 Continuous monitoring is not possible.
 The mother and support person may Advantages:
become exhausted because of
responsibility handled to them.  For maintaining a mother in semi fowler's
 Adequate equipment other than first line position ,a position that act with gravity
equipment is not available. and may speed the second stage of labor

Birthing Ball-

A birthing ball or labor ball is a large air–filled

Hospital birth- rubber ball that a mother can sit on during labor. A
birthing helps to decrease the period of first stage
 When labor is conducting in hospital called of labour and manage the labour pain. A mother on
hospital birth . a birthing ball may need a support person to keep
 Mother admitted to the labor ward during her steady.
latent phase in first stage of labor , medical A birthing ball may be especially useful during
back labor. Hospital policies on birthing balls vary,
interventions to accelerate labor and
in part because the balls provide a somewhat
childbirth should be avoided if maternal unsteady seat, Exerting on a
and fetal well-being are reassuring.
 For mother in the latent first stage of labor Advantage :
and their companions, clean, comfortable
waiting rooms should be available, with  Help to reduce back pain
space for mother to walk around, and easy  Progress the labour
access to clean, serviced toilets, and food  It strengthens the spine
and drinking water.  Produces a sense of comfort.

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POSITIONS FOR BIRTH- SQUATTING-

LEFT LATERAL POSITION: This is the great way to increase the pelvic
diameter of outlet. This position should not be used
The perineum can be viewed clearly and uterine until the head is not engaged.
action is effective but an assistant is required to
support the right thigh.

ALL FOUR POSITIONS-

STANDING UP POSITION-
It is a great position to help to get a break in
This is ideal position for labor and delivery the intensity of contraction. It is also helpful in
force of gravity naturally helps the baby to move posterior position.
down the pelvis.

LEAING FORWARD-

Leaning forward can help to take the pressure of

TAILOR SITTING- labor. This position is often a relaxing position in
labor particularly between contractions.
Tailor sitting is relaxing position. Again, this is an
upright position that allows the gravity to helping
in faciliting the labor.

LUDR SUITE-RECENT TRENDS-

The labor room is one of the most versatile rooms

in a hospital.
It is called a labor, delivery, and recovery room
(LDR).
This is the type of room that some hospitals and
almost all birth centers use for their care. During
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labor, the mother-to-be is shifted from one room to
the other for advanced Labor, delivery and then The Bradley method-
recovery.
It puts her at inconvenience, besides exposing her
The Bradley Method focuses on preparing the
to the risks of infection and injury.
mother for a natural childbirth coached by her
In LDRP, the mother-to-be is moved to the suite
partner. The emphasis is on being prepared for an
when her labor starts and she continues there
unassisted vaginal birth without medication. The
throughout. The beds turn into delivery tables
method is taught over 12 weeks along with reading
when labour progresses, and after delivery, she and
a workbook.
the baby continue to stay in the same room.
Midwives often recommend The Bradley Method
LDRP also offers individualized care.
preparation classes. In addition to learning ways to
reduce the pain of a vaginal birth, the method
ADVANTAGES OF LDRP SUITE:
teaches about nutrition and other aspects of natural
 Saves time
health.
 Less expensive
 Safer for patients Benefits:
 More family oriented
 More likely to keep up with change in The Bradley method is beneficial to prepare
health care parents for unassisted births.
 Alternative birthing center  It helps the couple be prepared with techniques
 Alternative birthing center is a health care to reduce the perception of pain and stay
facility staffed by nurse, nurse midwives, relaxed through a natural unmediated
childbirth.
Obstetricians, doulas for mothers in labor,
 It also teaches the couple about things they
who may be assisted by doulas and
need to know to take care of themselves as new
coaches. parents and what to expect when the infant
arrives.
ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF Lamaze methods-
BIRTH:
The Lamaze method is typically known for
WATER BIRTH- controlled breathing techniques but it includes a
number of comfort strategies that can be used
A water birth means the mother goes through some during labor. Breathing techniques increase
or all of the stages of childbirth in a portable tub relaxation and decrease the perception of pain. In
similar to a hot tub. The baby can be delivered addition to breathing, other information about
underwater or the mother can get out of the water preparing for childbirth is covered. Lamaze is
and deliver in a different position. taught in a series of classes attended by both the
mother and her partner, when possible. The
Benefits of water birth: Lamaze method doesn't explicitly encourage or
discourage medications, but seeks to educate
 Warm water is soothing, comforting and mother about their options so they can make a birth
relaxing. plan that suits their individual needs.
 The effect of buoyancy lesser mother’s
body weight.
Benefits :
 It promotes efficient uterine contraction
and improves blood circulation. Lamaze training prepares the mother and her
 Warm water seems to reduce the stress partner with a number of tools to use to get through
located in the body. labor and delivery naturally.
 Warm water causes the perineum to • The breathing and relaxation techniques reduce
relaxed reducing the incidence of perineal the perception of pain and keep labor moving
smoothly.
tear.
• The Lamaze courses help the couple be prepared
 Provides an environment similar to that of with what to expect over the first few days and
amniotic fluid. weeks together.
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Benefits :
Unassisted childbirth-
1. It reduces the risk of birth injury ex-
Unassisted childbirth is by definition a planned asphyxia, shoulder dystocia and fracture
process, and is thus distinct from unassisted birth 2. It prevents pelvic floor disorders ex-
due to reasons of emergency, lack of access to a
prolapsed or incontinence
skilled birth attendant, or other.

Types of unassisted child birth: Forceps delivery-

UNASSISTED WITH FRIENDS AND/OR A forceps delivery is a type of assisted vaginal
FAMILY- delivery. It's sometimes needed in the course of
vaginal childbirth. In a forceps delivery, a health
While unassisted childbirth does not include the care provider applies forceps an instrument shaped
use of medical personnel or birth attendants in a like a pair of large spoons or salad tongs to the
professional capacity, the birthing mother may still baby's head to help guide the baby out of the birth
wish to have other canal.
People present at her birth. This might include her
partner, close friends of the mother, the
Benefits :
grandparents to be, or other family members.
1. Delivery can be achieved faster.
SOLO BIRTH- 2. Rate of successful vaginal delivery is
higher compared to vacuum extraction.
Some mother chooses to give birth completely
3. The incidence of fetal scalp injuries such as
alone. They may retreat to a room alone at the time
of the birth and then bring their partner in cephalhematoma is lower following the
afterward; or they may remain entirely alone in use of forceps.
their home or another location.

FREEBIRTH-

Giving birth without any health care provider

supervision. Sometimes used synonymously with
"unassisted birth", and sometimes used to describe
any birth without medically licensed professionals Vacuum assisted delivery-
present, regardless of who else may or not be in
attendance in a supportive role. A vacuum extraction is done during the second stage
of labor i.e. the “pushing” phase when baby is very
Assisted birth- close to being delivered. (If baby’s head is too high in
the birth canal, then doctor will likely opt for a C-
Birth conducts with the help of any instrument or section.)
any sterile procedure called assisted birth . A vacuum-assisted delivery may be necessary if your
labor is prolonged and needs to be sped up
particularly if mother or babies are at risk for health
Example of assisted birth- complications during the delivery.

LSCS- lower (uterine) segment Caesarean Benefits :

section (LSCS) is the most commonly used type of 1. Vacuum extraction exposes the baby to
Caesarean section. Most commonly to deliver the less traction in comparison to
baby a transverse incision is made in the lower forceps delivery. ...
uterine segment above the attachment of the
urinary bladder to the uterus. 2. Easy of placement.
3. Less anesthesia is required.
4. Less injury to the mother's soft tissues.

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CONCLUSION

Greater availability of obstetric services will not alone

solve the problem of low institutional delivery rates.
This is particularly true for the use of private-for-profit
institutions, in which the distance to services does not
have a significant adjusted effect. In the light of these
findings a focus on increasing demand for existing
services seems the most rational action. In particular,
financial constraints need to be addressed, and results
support current trials of demand side financing in India.

References

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2. K park: Textbook of preventive and social

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3. Myles: textbook of midwifery: 16’th

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5. Bhasker Nima. Midwifery and Obstetrical

Nursing. Ed- 2nd (2016), Hardiya
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