Lesson 4 Graph

2.
3 GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION
“A picture paints a thousand words” is true to statistical graphs, because it summarizes a

hundred or even a thousand data. Graphs gives essential features not seen in tabular
presentations, like the shape of distribution and the spread of data. Graphs tell a story in
“pictures” rather than in words or numbers. The following are some of the common statistical
graph.
Pie Chart
It is a graph showing the differences in frequencies or percentages among categories of a
nominal or an ordinal variable. The categories are displayed as segments of a circle whose pieces
add up to 100 percent of the total frequencies. It looks like a slice of pizza.
Pie Chart of social media

Category
facebook
instagram
20.0% twitter
50.0%
30.0%
Bar Chart
The bar graph provides an alternative way to present nominal or ordinal data graphically.
It shows the differences in frequencies or percentages among categories of a nominal or an
ordinal variable. The categories are displayed as rectangles of equal width with their height
proportional to the frequency or percentage of the category.
1 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

Chart of SEX
20
15
Frequency
10
0
Female male
SEX
Histogram
It has a close resemblance to bar graph. The basic difference between the two graphs, the
bar graph is used categorical variable while the histogram is used in numerical variable, thus,
eliminates the spaces between the rectangles, giving it a solid appearance. See figure below.

ACTIVITY 5
ORGANIZING OF DATA by GRAPH
A. Refer to DATA FILE on page 4, do the following

1. Construct a bar graph for the variables gender and socioeconomic, respectively
2. Construct a histogram for quiz 1 and quiz 2
3. Construct a pie chart for residential address

Socioeconomic Residential Midterm Exam Scores in
Gender Group Address Age Statistical Methods
Quiz1 Quiz2
1 F H 1 18 75 77
2 F H 0 17 78 80
3 M L 1 16 60 65
4 F H 1 18 70 72
5 M L 1 18 62 65
6 M L 0 16 59 65
7 M H 1 16 65 75
8 F A 0 17 76 80
9 F A 1 17 77 78
10 M A 0 17 79 85
11 F H 1 18 80 90
12 F H 0 17 85 75
13 M L 1 16 63 88
14 M H 1 18 86 70
15 M L 1 18 64 70
16 M L 0 16 61 90
17 F H 1 16 89 88
18 F L 0 17 85 83
19 F L 1 17 79 84
20 M H 1 17 80 80
21 M A 1 16 75 80
22 M A 1 16 74 83
23 F A 0 17 82 84
24 F A 0 17 79 86
25 F H 0 18 80 75
26 M H 1 18 65 78
27 M H 0 17 67 80
28 F L 1 16 70 85
29 M L 1 18 85 90
30 F L 0 17 88 83
31 M A 0 16 80 82
32 F H 1 17 78 80
33 M H 1 18 70 85
34 F A 0 16 85 76
35 M L 1 17 76 85

RUBRIC FOR ORGANIZING DATA
Poor Fair Excellent
TABLES Table is not Table is appropriate but Table is appropriate

appropriate to the are not labeled (table and are properly
data. Tables are not number and title are labeled (table number
labeled (no table misplaced); some and title); all columns
number and title); columns have no have header; title is
some columns have header; title is not clear and consistent
no header; title is not clear and in consistent with the data
clear and in consistent with the gathered data
with the gathered.
GRAPHS Graphs are incorrectly Graphs are correctly Graphs are correctly
done; figure number done; figure number and appropriately
and title are not and title are not done; figure number
written; graph do not written; graph do not and title are not
show show written; graph show
percentages/frequency percentages/frequency percentages/frequency

Create a chart
1. Select the data for which you want to create a chart.
2. Click INSERT > Recommended Charts.
3. On the Recommended Charts tab, scroll through the list of charts that Excel recommends
for your data, and click any chart to see how your data will look.
If you don’t see a chart you like, click All Charts to see all the available chart types.
4. When you find the chart you like, click it > OK.

5. Use the Chart Elements, Chart Styles, and Chart Filters buttons, next to the upper-
right corner of the chart to add chart elements like axis titles or data labels, customize the
look of your chart, or change the data that is shown in the chart.

6. To access additional design and formatting features, click anywhere in the chart to add the
CHART TOOLS to the ribbon, and then click the options you want on the DESIGN and
FORMAT tabs.
Note: For Histogram, click CHART LAY-OUT, then select the layout that looks like a Histogram
(layout 8)
CONGRATULATIONS, you are done! Copy the graph to MS word.

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2.

“A picture paints a thousand words” is true to statistical graphs, because it summarizes a

Pie Chart of social media

1 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

2 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

A. Refer to DATA FILE on page 4, do the following

3 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

4 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

Poor Fair Excellent

TABLES Table is not Table is appropriate but Table is appropriate

5 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

1. Select the data for which you want to create a chart.

2. Click INSERT > Recommended Charts.

6 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

7 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

CONGRATULATIONS, you are done! Copy the graph to MS word.

8 |O r g a n i z i n g d a t a b y g r a p h Lynn Remo 2020

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