MARU 310/320

DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT

Technical Manual

VOLUME I
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION,
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

SECTION 1
GENERAL INFORMATION

MOPIENS, INC.
Intentional Blank Page
 MARU 310/320 DME
Technical Manual
Volume I, Section 1

Table of Contents
SECTION 1. GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 1-1
1.1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ......................................................................................................... 1-5
1.2.1. General......................................................................................................................................... 1-5
1.2.2. TRANSMITTER ............................................................................................................................ 1-7
1.2.3. RECEIVER ................................................................................................................................... 1-8
1.2.4. MONITOR .................................................................................................................................... 1-9
1.2.5. POWER SUPPLY ....................................................................................................................... 1-10
1.3. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 1-12
1.3.1. System Overview ........................................................................................................................ 1-12
1.3.2. Duplexer Unit, DPX ................................................................................................................... 1-15
1.3.3. Receiver Unit, RXU .................................................................................................................... 1-18
1.3.4. Transponder Control Unit, TCU ................................................................................................ 1-20
U

1.3.5. Transmitter Unit, TXU................................................................................................................ 1-23

1.3.6. Low Power Amplifier, LPA ......................................................................................................... 1-26
1.3.7. High Power Amplifier, HPA........................................................................................................ 1-29
1.3.8. Monitor Unit, MON .................................................................................................................... 1-32
1.3.9. Radio Frequency Generator Unit, RFG ..................................................................................... 1-35
1.3.10. Local Control Unit, LCU............................................................................................................ 1-38
1.3.11. AC to DC Converter Unit, AC/DC ............................................................................................. 1-41
1.3.12. DC to DC Converter Unit, DC/DC ............................................................................................ 1-44
1.3.13. Backup Battery ........................................................................................................................... 1-46
1.3.14. Remote Control Monitor Unit, RCMU ....................................................................................... 1-47
1.3.15. Remote Monitor Unit, RMU ....................................................................................................... 1-49
1.3.16. Local/Remote Maintenance Monitoring System, LMMS/RMMS ................................................ 1-51

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List of Figures
Figure 1-1 MARU 310/320 DME System Cabinet .............................................................................. 1-2
Figure 1-2 Remote Control Monitoring Unit, RCMU.......................................................................... 1-4
U

Figure 1-3 Remote Monitoring Unit, RMU ......................................................................................... 1-4

U

Figure 1-4 MARU 310/320 DME System Block Diagram ................................................................ 1-13
Figure 1-5 MARU 310/320 DME System Cabinet Front View ......................................................... 1-14
Figure 1-6 DPU Front View ............................................................................................................... 1-15
Figure 1-7 DPU Block Diagram......................................................................................................... 1-16
Figure 1-8 DPDT Coaxial Switch ...................................................................................................... 1-17
Figure 1-9 RXU Front View............................................................................................................... 1-18
Figure 1-10 RXU Block Diagram ...................................................................................................... 1-18
Figure 1-11 TCU Front View ............................................................................................................. 1-20
Figure 1-12 TCU Block Diagram....................................................................................................... 1-20
Figure 1-13 TXU Front View ............................................................................................................. 1-23
Figure 1-14 TXU Block Diagram ...................................................................................................... 1-24
Figure 1-15 LPA Front View .............................................................................................................. 1-26
Figure 1-16 LPA Block Diagram........................................................................................................ 1-27
Figure 1-17 HPA Front View.............................................................................................................. 1-29
Figure 1-18 HPA Block Diagram ....................................................................................................... 1-30
Figure 1-19 MON Front View ............................................................................................................ 1-32
Figure 1-20 MON Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 1-32
Figure 1-21 RFG Front View ............................................................................................................. 1-35
Figure 1-22 RFG Block Diagram ....................................................................................................... 1-36
Figure 1-23 CSP Front View .............................................................................................................. 1-38
Figure 1-24 LCU Block Diagram....................................................................................................... 1-39
Figure 1-25 AC/DC Front View ......................................................................................................... 1-41
Figure 1-26 AC/DC Block Diagram................................................................................................... 1-42
Figure 1-27 DC/DC Front View ......................................................................................................... 1-44
Figure 1-28 DC/DC Block Diagram .................................................................................................. 1-44
Figure 1-29 Backup Battery Subrack Front View .............................................................................. 1-46
Figure 1-30 RCMU Front View ......................................................................................................... 1-47
Figure 1-31 RCMU Block Diagram ................................................................................................... 1-47
Figure 1-32 RMU Front View ............................................................................................................ 1-49
Figure 1-33 RMU Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 1-49
Figure 1-34 Startup Screen ................................................................................................................. 1-51
Figure 1-35 Main Screen .................................................................................................................... 1-52
Figure 1-36 Transponder Screen ........................................................................................................ 1-53
Figure 1-37 Monitor Screen ............................................................................................................... 1-54

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Section 1. GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1. INTRODUCTION

This document provides brief technical information about MARU 310/320 Distance Measuring
Equipment.

Figure 1-1 shows the system cabinet of MARU 310/320 DME.

MARU 310/320 DME is fully compliant with ICAO Annex 10 and EUROCAE ED-57 minimum
performance specification.

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Figure 1-1 MARU 310/320 DME System Cabinet

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The key features of MARU 310/320 DME are as follows:

Compact Design

Full dual high-power transponder, dual monitor and dual backup batteries are included in a
standard 19” rack cabinet.

Hot-swappable Plug-in Units

Most of the system hardware components are line replaceable units, which are designed to
be hot-swappable plug-in modules. Therefore operators can replace a live unit without
powering off, and this makes it easier to carry out routine preventive maintenance service.

Modernized microprocessor-based digital control

All the system functions are monitored and controlled by high performance 16/32-bit
microcontrollers. Most of the pulse waveforms are electronically synthesized using state-
of-art direct digital synthesis technology.

Long design life & durability

Minimum 15 years of design life through normal and regular maintenance

Designed to operate on 24hours a day and 365 days per year basis
Protection from EMC radiation, high voltage, etc.

Self Diagnostics

The Built-In Self Test Equipment (BITE) function is included to check the integrity of
system operation.

Full Local and Remote Control/Monitor

By using high performance microprocessor based control/monitor circuitry, full local and
remote monitoring is possible with detailed system status including each LRU status.

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Figure 1-2 shows the remote control monitoring unit, RCMU.

Figure 1-2 Remote Control Monitoring Unit, RCMU

Figure 1-3 shows the remote monitoring unit, RMU

Figure 1-3 Remote Monitoring Unit, RMU

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1.2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

1.2.1. General

1.2.1.1. Standard Compliance

ICAO Annex 10, Chapter 3, paragraph 3.5

EUROCAE ED-57

1.2.1.2. System Performance Characteristics

Aircraft handling capacity: 200 interrogators

Accuracy: total system error < ±0.2 NM, at distances of from 0 to 370 km (200NM)

Operating Frequency Range: 960 MHz – 1,215 MHz band

Coverage: Nominal Line of Sight up to 200NM;
Dependent upon site location, terrain, and aircraft altitude

System Reply Delay: 50 us, nominal for X channel, 56 us, nominal for Y channel
Adjustable from 35 us to 75 us
Reply Delay Stability: -10 dBm to -81 dBm: ±0.5 us, -81 dBm to -91 dBm: ±0.8 us
Reply Efficiency: better than 70%; up to 200 aircraft and at -91 dBm of receiver input level

1.2.1.3. Physical Dimensions

System cabinet
1,922 mm (Height) x 600 mm (Width) x 600 mm (Depth), 180 kg (Weight)

1.2.1.4. Environmental Conditions

Operating Temperature: -10°C ~ 55°C Indoor Equipment

-40°C ~ 70°C Outdoor Equipment

Relative Humidity:95% (temperature up to 35°C)

60% (temperature up to 55°C)

Operating Altitude: up to 4,500m (15,000ft)

Wind Load: up to 160 km/h

1.2.1.5. Reliability

MTBF > 5,000 hours for dual system

MTBO > 10,000 hours for dual system
MTTR < 30 minutes, typical

1.2.1.6. Power Consumption

MARU 310 – 190 W (cold-standby mode) / 230 W (hot-standby mode) or less

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MARU 320 – 450 W (cold-standby mode) / 700 W (hot-standby mode) or less

Without battery charging current.

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1.2.2. TRANSMITTER

1.2.2.1. Frequency Range

962 MHz – 1,213 MHz, 1MHz channel spacing

1.2.2.2. Frequency Stability

± 0.001% (±12 kHz @ 1.2 GHz)

1.2.2.3. Channels

252 (1X - 126X, 1Y - 126Y)

1.2.2.4. Pulse Rise Time

2.5 μs ± 0.5 μs

1.2.2.5. Pulse Duration

3.5 μs ± 0.5 μs

1.2.2.6. Pulse Decay Time

2.5 μs ± 0.5 μs

1.2.2.7. RF Pulse Spectrum

Per ICAO Annex 10, Paragraph 3.5.4.1.3

1.2.2.8. Pulse Pair Spacing

X Channel: 12 μs ± 0.1, measured between 50% amplitude point of pulse pair

Y Channel: 30 μs ± 0.1, measured between 50% amplitude point of pulse pair

1.2.2.9. Peak Power Output

MARU 310 – 100 W, nominal

MARU 320 – 1,000 W, nominal
No re-adjustment or tuning for frequency change
Peak Power Stability: not differ more than 1dB for any constituent pulses of any pair of pulses

1.2.2.10. Pulse Repetition Rate

700 pp/s – 5,400 pp/s

1.2.2.11. Spurious Radiation

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Lower than -80 dB of peak output power during intervals between individual pulses
Lower than -40 dBm/kHz at out-of-band 10 to 1,800 MHz, excluding 960 to 1,215MHz

Any CW harmonic of the carrier frequency on any DME channel < -10 dBm

1.2.2.12. IDENT signal

Characteristic conforms to ICAO Annex 10, Paragraph 3.5.3.6

Pulse rate: 1,350 ± 25 pp/s

1.2.3. RECEIVER

1.2.3.1. Frequency Range

1,025 MHz – 1,150 MHz, paired with transmitter frequency as per para. 3.5.3.3.3, ICAO annex 10
Interrogation frequency appropriate to the assigned DME channel

1.2.3.2. Frequency Stability

± 0.001% (±12 kHz @ 1.2 GHz)

1.2.3.3. Transponder Sensitivity

Better than -91 dBm for 70% reply efficiency

Equivalent to -103 dBW/m2 in a typical installation

1.2.3.4. Dynamic Range

Power density between -103 dBW/m2 and -22 dBW/m2 at transponder antenna

1.2.3.5. Sensitivity Variation

Lower than 1 dB for transmission rate variation between 0% and 90% of the maximum
Lower than 1 dB for variation in interrogation pulse pair spacing by up to ±1%

1.2.3.6. Automatic Load Limiting

Activated when transponder loading exceeds 90% of the maximum transmission rate
Sensitivity reduction range wider than 50 dB

1.2.3.7. Noise Generated Response Pulse Pair

Less than 5% when interrogated at -103 dBW/m2 to produce a transmission rate equal to 90% of
maximum transmission rate

1.2.3.8. Receiver Bandwidth

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Such that the transponder sensitivity level does not deteriorate by more than 3 dB when the total
receiver drift is added to an incoming interrogation frequency drift of ±100 kHz total.
Sufficient to maintain system the accuracy condition as in 3.5.4.2.6.2 of ICAO Annex 10

1.2.3.9. Off Channel Rejection

Signals with 900 kHz or more offset within the receiver dynamic range does not trigger the
transponder

1.2.3.10. Recovery Time

The minimum sensitivity level is recovered within 3 dB of the normal value within 8 μs of the
reception of a signal between 0 dB and 60 dB above minimum sensitivity level
This is maintained no matter whether the echo suppression is enabled or disabled.

1.2.3.11. Spurious Suppression

Higher than 80 dB for IF frequency spurious

Higher than 75 dB for image frequencies and all other spurious within 960 MHz to 1,215 MHz

1.2.3.12. Echo Suppression

Short Distance Echo Suppression (SDES): Echo pulses that occur between the pulses of a valid
interrogation pair will not affect the reply timing by more than 0.15 μs
Long Distance Echo Suppression (LDES): If enabled, echo pulses that fall after the dead time
(60 μs) interval are suppressed. The duration for LDES can be set between 0 μs and 300 μs.

1.2.3.13. Reply Dead Time

60 μs, nominal
Adjustable from 40 μs to 180 μs in steps of 1 μs

1.2.3.14. Pulse Pair Decoder Characteristics

Nominal value for pulse pair spacing: 12 μs for X channel, 36 μs for Y channel
Any pulse pair with a spacing of ±1 μs or less from the nominal value is accepted with less than
1dB of sensitivity variation.
Any pulse pair with a spacing of ±2 μs or more from the nominal value and with any signal level
up to -10dBm is rejected.

1.2.4. MONITOR

1.2.4.1. Configuration

Dual independent monitor with interrogation pulse generator

Test interrogation signal generator with adjustable output frequency in 100 kHz step
‘AND’ mode or ‘OR’ mode

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1.2.4.2. Executive Monitor Parameters

Transponder delay: ±1 μs
Transmitted power output: -3dB
Receiver sensitivity: -6dB
Pulse spacing: ±1 μs
Frequency variation: Synthesizer PLL locking range
Pulse width: ±0.5 μs
Reply efficiency: < 70%
Pulse repetition frequency: < 700 pp/s
IDENT signal: missing or incorrect condition
Alarm limits adjustable in steps of 1/10th of the tolerance

1.2.4.3. Maintenance Monitor Parameters

Monitor self-test
LRU status
Power supply voltage levels
History logging
Antenna VSWR

1.2.4.4. Test Interrogation Signal

Output Frequency: Adjustable from 1025 MHz to 1150 MHz in step of 100kHz
Output Level: Adjustable from -100dBm to -25dBm in steps of 1dB
Output PRF: Adjustable from 100 pp/s to 4,800 pp/s

1.2.5. POWER SUPPLY

1.2.5.1. Configuration

Dual redundant AC/DC converter

Dual redundant DC/DC converter
Parallel battery backup/charging capability
Standard 65AH maintenance-free battery can sustain the system up to 4 hours

1.2.5.2. AC/DC Converter

Input voltage: AC 110V/220 V ±20%, nominal

Input frequency: 47 Hz ~ 63 Hz
Output voltage: 27 V, nominal
Built-in Over Voltage Protection
Built-in Over Current Protection
Built-in Over Temperature Protection

1.2.5.3. DC/DC Converter

Input voltage: 27V, nominal

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Output voltage: 50V, nominal

Built-in Over Voltage Protection
Built-in Over Current Protection
Built-in Over Temperature Protection

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1.3. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1.3.1. System Overview

The MARU 310/320 DME comprises two DME/N transponders, two independent monitors and
two AC/DC power supplies with backup batteries.

The transponders can be configured as dual system capable of working as main and standby. Any
of the system can be designated as main. The other automatically works as standby. The
changeover between the main and standby can be either initiated by an operator command or
automatically by the monitor system when an executive alarm condition is detected.

The monitors can be configured such that both monitors are monitoring the main transponder
simultaneously or such that one monitor is monitoring the main transponder and the other is
monitoring the standby transponder. When two monitors are monitoring the main transponder,
they can be configured either in ‘AND’ mode or in ‘OR’ mode for a changeover or a complete
shutdown in the event of failure.

The two power supplies work in parallel sharing load currents in normal condition. When one of
the power supplies fails, the other power supply continues to provide enough power for the dual
system with “no break’ operation.

The power supplies also charge the backup batteries. When the mains power is interrupted, the
backup batteries supply the power for the system with “no-break” operation.

Figure 1-4 shows a simplified system block diagram of MARU 310/320 DME with dual
transponder and dual monitor configuration.

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Figure 1-4 MARU 310/320 DME System Block Diagram

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Figure 1-5 shows a front view of the system cabinet and location of each unit.
For single transponder configuration, unnecessary slots are covered with blank panels.

Figure 1-5 MARU 310/320 DME System Cabinet Front View

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1.3.2. Duplexer Unit, DPX

1.3.2.1. Overview

Figure 1-6 shows a front view of DPU and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-6 DPU Front View

Figure 1-7 shows the block diagram of DPU.

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DPU Module
RF Board TX1 Couple(-60dBc)
(From LPA1 or HPA1) Circulator (To Front panel)
TX1 Coupler

DME
Tuneable BPF
RVSDET1 Antenna
BW=4MHz
(To RXU1)
RX1 3dB Hybrid FWDDET1
Coupler FWDDET2
(From RF1/2) INT1 RVSDET2 DPDT
Arrestor
INT2 (To CNT Board) Switch
RX2
(To RXU2)
Tuneable BPF
BW=4MHz Switch Control Sig.
Dummy
Switch Status Sig.
Load
TX2 Coupler

(From LPA2 or HPA2) Circulator TX2 Couple(-60dBc)

(To Front panel)

DPU Module
CNT Board
Switch Control Sig. RVSDET1 RVSPWR_TXP1
Switch Control & Switch Status Sig.
Changeover FWDDET1 FWDPWR_TXP1
Command Sig. (To DPDT Switch) Buffer
Control
Status & Command FWDDET2 FWDPWR_TXP2
(From LCU/MON)
Signal
(To TCU/MON) RVSDET2 RVSPWR_TXP2
(To MON1/2)
+24V +5V
DC/DC +15V
GND Converter -15V
GND

Figure 1-7 DPU Block Diagram

1.3.2.2. Function

The DPU provides the following functions:

System changeover transfer with configurable AND/OR mode

System shutdown
Output power level measurement
Injection of DME test interrogation signal for MON.

1.3.2.3. Description

The transmit signal coming out of the LPA (MARU 310) or HPA (MARU 320) is isolated from
receive signal by a circulator. The output signal from the circulator is fed to DPU module, which
contains directional couplers and power detector circuitries. Finally the output is changeover
controlled by DPDT and live output is fed to the antenna via a lightning arrester and standby
output is fed to a dummy load.

The receive signal coming through the reverse of the transmit path is isolated from transmit signal
by a circulator and fed to the receiver unit, RXU via a tunable BPF. The tunable filter is adjusted
for selected station channel frequency.

The DPU module contains a 30 dB directional coupler, a 20 dB directional coupler and a 3 dB

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hybrid coupler. The 30dB directional coupler is for sampling transmitter signal output and the 20
dB directional coupler along with the 3 dB hybrid coupler is used for injecting test interrogation
signal from MON/RFG.

Power detector for measuring RF power output level comprises RF schottky barrier diodes and OP
amp buffers.

The control board contains circuitry for controlling transponder changeover and system shutdown.
Signals indicating executive alarm conditions from two monitors are fed to the control board. As
two monitors vote for changeover, AND mode or OR mode can be selected. Also bypass control
input disables transponder changeover and system shutdown even when alarm conditions are
detected.

DME
TX1 / RX1 path Antenna
DPDT Switch
C1-2-LIS
Switch Control Sig.

DPU Arrestor
Dummy
Module Load

Switch Status Sig.

TX2 / RX2 path

Figure 1-8 DPDT Coaxial Switch

The Double-Pole-Double-Throw (DPDT) switch is a RF coaxial relay with two pair of RF ports.
The DPDT coaxial relay actually switches the RF signal path across the antenna for active
transmitter and the RF dummy load for standby transmitter. The relay drive signal is fed the
control board under control of MON.

On the front panel of DPU, three indicator LEDs and two SMA test ports providing RF sample of
transmitter output.

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1.3.3. Receiver Unit, RXU

1.3.3.1. Overview

Figure 1-9 shows a front view of RXU and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-9 RXU Front View

Figure 1-10 shows the block diagram of RXU.

Figure 1-10 RXU Block Diagram

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1.3.3.2. Function

The RXU provides the following functions:

Detection and recovery of incoming interrogation pulse pair

Discrimination of ON channel and OFF channel
Adjusting receive sensitivity

1.3.3.3. Description

The RF down converter converts received RF signal with frequency range between 1025 MHz
and 1150 MHz into 63 MHz intermediate frequency signal. The received signal from DPU is fed
to a high dynamic range double balanced mixer and filtered by LC band pass IF filter. The local
oscillator signal is a CW signal with the frequency same as that of transmitter and supplied from
the TXU.

The Variable RF attenuator attenuates the received signal to desensitize the receiver in case the
load level is over a threshold point by a control of TCU. The attenuation range is from 0 dB to 80
dB.

The signal from the attenuator is fed to a channel filter and gets divided into by a two-way divider.
One output of the two-way divider is fed to a logarithmic detector. The output of the log detector
is fed to TCU.

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1.3.4. Transponder Control Unit, TCU

1.3.4.1. Overview

Figure 1-11 shows a front view of TCU and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-11 TCU Front View

Figure 1-12 shows the block diagram of TCU.

Figure 1-12 TCU Block Diagram

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1.3.4.2. Function

TCU provides the following functions:

Sampling and quantization of received signal

Decoding of received pulse pair
Generation of system delay
Echo suppression
Generation of pulse modulation signal
Measurement and adjustment of reply pulse pairs
Generation of squitter pulse pairs and IDENT pulse pairs
Load limiting by controlling receiver sensitivity
Generation of station frequency for both transmitter and receiver

1.3.4.3. Description

In the heart of the TCU, two large scale field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and a high-
performance 16/32-bit microcontroller are comprised.

The log video signal of received pulse pair is fed via buffer to a high speed analog-to-digital
converter, which digitize each video sample of input pulse pair. The stream of digitized video
signals are queued onto a FIFO and numerically processed to evaluate the pulse pair coding. All
the processing logic is built into a FPGA 1. When valid interrogation pulse pair is detected, a
trigger pulse is generated at the point 50% amplitude.

The trigger pulse is fed to the other FPGA and causes it to initiate a reply pulse generation after
fixed time delay. The reply pulse is generated by using combination and sequential digital logic
circuitry.

The pulse modulation signal is a Gaussian shape pulse signal. It is numerically synthesized and
converted to an analog pulse through a digital-to-analog converter.

The echo suppression is provided under control of the second FPGA.

Measurements of reply pulse pair is done by sampling the transmit signal from the LPA or HPA.
The sampled pulse signal is digitized by an analog-to-digital converter. The stream of digitized
data samples are processed in similar way as the MON does and measured parameters are used to
complement output pulse shape.

The squitter signal is a pulse pair with random interval, transmitted even in no interrogation signal
is present. The squitter signal is generated in the FPGA 1 and its pulse repetition is programmable
via the microcontroller on the TCU.

The IDENT signal is also generated in the FPGA 1 and its Morse code keying is controlled by
TCU software.

The TCU monitors the load level of received interrogation pulse pairs. If the load level is
increased beyond a preset threshold level, the TCU lowers the control voltage supplied to the
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attenuator in the DPU, so as to desensitize the receiver responding range and eventually limits
load level.

The TCU provides the serial setup data for the phase locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizers of
both transmitter and receiver with the station frequency.

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1.3.5. Transmitter Unit, TXU

1.3.5.1. Overview

Figure 1-13 shows a front view of TXU and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-13 TXU Front View

Figure 1-14 shows the block diagram of TXU.

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TPLL_DATA, TPLL_CLK, TPLL_EN

From TCU
To TCU
TPLL_LD

1 2 3
PLL Drive
TCXO
Module Amplifier To Front Panel
FREQ
-20dBm(CW)

6 To MON
FREQ FD
DET 1.5Vpp at 1KΩ

To RXU
4 5 7 2Way Local
AGC +4dBm(CW)
Splitter &
Attenuator
AGC

TXU AGC

To TCU
TXU_RF_ON
8 9 11
Final Coupler
RF Switch &
Amplifier
Detector To LPA
TXU OUT
+22dBm(Peak Power)

To Front Panel
TXU ENV
3Vpp at 1KΩ
10
Rectangular
Shape Pluse From TCU
Pulse_MOD
Modulation
Circuit
12
+24V +5V
DC/DC
Converter
GND GND

Figure 1-14 TXU Block Diagram

1.3.5.2. Function

TXU provides the following functions:

Generation of transmit carrier reference signal

Pre-scaling the reference signal for use with frequency monitoring
Binary modulation of transmit signal
Providing the local oscillator signal for the RXUr
Providing automatic gain control to maintain constant output power level

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1.3.5.3. Description

TCXO
generates a stable reference frequency for the PLL frequency synthesizer

PLL frequency synthesizer

synthesizes CW signal with a station frequency from the reference signal from the TCXO.

Driver amplifier
The output signal from the PLL frequency synthesizer is amplified to -20dBm, a level to drive the
final amplifier

AGC attenuator
The transmit carrier signal should be regulated by an AGC circuit to maintain stable amplitude.
The attenuator is used to control amplitude of the transmit signal. The AGC control signal is
generated by converting detected sample of output signal into a dc signal. A two-way power
splitter, RF schottky diodes and OP amp circuitry are used for this purpose.

Frequency detector
To monitor integrity of the station frequency, a sample of generated transmit signal is prescaled by
1/80 and fed to a TCU, which measures the station frequency by counting the number of pulses
per unit time.

RF Switch
RF switch is used to modulate the CW input signal with rectangular pulse shape. This is done by
switching on/off the input signal in sync with the modulation signal.

Final amplifier
The final amplifier amplifies the input signal from the drive amp to a 100W of peak power.

Coupler & Detector

The signal from the final amplifier is supplied to either DPU or HPA through a directional coupler.
The directional coupler samples a small amount of RF energy and RF schottky diode detects the
RF signal envelope.

DC/DC converter
A built-in DC-to-DC converter takes +24V DC input and converts it into multiple DC voltages,
including +5V, ±15V and +10V needed for each circuitry.

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1.3.6. Low Power Amplifier, LPA

1.3.6.1. Overview

Figure 1-15 shows a front view of LPA and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-15 LPA Front View

Figure 1-16 shows the block diagram of LPA.

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Figure 1-16 LPA Block Diagram

1.3.6.2. Function

The LPA provides the following functions:

Amplification of transmit signal up to a level of 100W peak.

Pulse modulation of transmit signal
Monitors internal temperature
Detection of RF output level

1.3.6.3. Description

The input signal to LPA is amplified through four stages of RF amplifier up to +52dBm peak.
Total power gain is 30 dB with ±1 dB of tolerance. The first stage of amplifier is driven by a
GaAs FET and operated as class A. The reset of the stages are driven by RF bipolar junction
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transistors and operated as class C.

Gaussian shape pulse modulation is applied onto first three stages of amplifiers. The current flow
to each drain/collector is modulated by the modulation signal, which has a Gaussian shape with
rectangular pedestal.

The final output signal is fed to a isolator for protection against possible mismatching and the
resulting reflected power.

Proper protection against possible damage from absence of negative bias supply voltage is
provided. Also inside temperature is monitored with a digital temperature sensor, whose output is
fed to TCU.

RF output signal is sampled by a 35 dB directional coupler for envelop detection and for a BITE.
A schottky barrier diode and op amps are used for envelop detection and BITE functions.

A DC/DC converter is built into the LPA. The DC/DC converter takes +24V input supply and
generates necessary voltages including +10V, ±15V, and ±5V. Also a hot-swap controller is built
around the DC/DC converter circuits. The +50V DC input is supplied from an external DC/DC
converter.

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1.3.7. High Power Amplifier, HPA

1.3.7.1. Overview

Figure 1-17 shows a front view of HPA and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-17 HPA Front View

Figure 1-18 shows the block diagram of HPA.

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Figure 1-18 HPA Block Diagram

1.3.7.2. Function

HPA is equipped only in MARU 320 DME, which is 1 kW output version. The HPA provides the
following functions:

High-power amplification of DME response signal

Additional Gaussian shape pulse modulation
Adjustment of power output
Monitoring of inside temperature
Detection of RF output power

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1.3.7.3. Description

The HPA takes input of peak power 44.5 dBm from the output of LPA and amplifies it with
maximum gain of up to 17.5 dB. To maintain stable constant amplitude, a sample of output power
is detected and fed back to TCU for digital control of output amplitude.

The HPA comprises two stages of amplification. The first stage is driven by a bipolar transistor
operating as class C. Besides the modulation in LPA, additional pulse modulation is applied to the
first stage of HPA. The final stage is driven by four transistors combined in parallel operating as
class C.

Like LPA, the final output signal is fed to a isolator for protection against possible mismatching
and the resulting reflected power.

Supervisory circuits similar to that of LPA are provided including a digital temperature sensor for
monitoring inside temperature and a directional coupler, an envelop detector and op circuits for
detecting RF output power.

A built-in DC/DC converter takes +24V input and generates necessary voltages including +10V,
±15V, and ±5V. Also a hot-swap controller is built around the DC/DC converter circuits. The
+50V DC input is supplied from an external DC/DC converter.

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1.3.8. Monitor Unit, MON

1.3.8.1. Overview

Figure 1-19 shows a front view of MON and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-19 MON Front View

Figure 1-20 shows the block diagram of MON.

Figure 1-20 MON Block Diagram

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1.3.8.2. Function

MON provides the following functions:

Measurement including reply delay, spacing, duration, and rising/decay time of reply pulse
pair
Monitoring of transponder and test interrogation RF signal generator (RFG)
Detection and monitoring of IDENT code output
Monitoring of receiver sensitivity
Generation of modulation signal for RFG
Measurement of RFG interrogation signal
Built-In Self Test

1.3.8.3. Description

MON is built around a high performance microcontroller with large scale FPGA and a number of
analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters.

Most of the measurement and evaluation functions are built into the FPGA hardware, so that
software operation does not affect stability and integrity of the MON functions.

Programmable alarm limits are loaded into the FPGA registers and hardware comparison logic
circuits provide transponder changeover / shutdown signal in case of an alarm condition persists
for a preset period of time.

All the measurement results and monitored status information is collected by the microcontroller
and presented to operator via LCU.

The monitor causes an alarm to be indicated on all the local and remote monitoring equipments
and automatically transfers to standby transponder if the transponder delay differs from the
normal value (50 μs for X channel, 56 μs for Y channel) by 0.5 μs or more

Also, the monitor can be configured to cause an alarm when the following conditions arise:
a) a fall of 3 dB or more in transponder transmitted power output
b) a fall of 6 dB or more in the minimum transponder receiver sensitivity
c) the spacing between the first and second pulse of the transponder reply pulse pair differs from
the normal value by 1 μs
d) variation of the transponder receiver and transmitter frequency beyond the control range of
the reference circuit

Primary parameters are those parameters which, if outside specification, may be the cause of false
guidance or a degradation of accuracy. Other monitored parameters are defined as secondary.

Primary parameters are the reply delay and the pulse pair spacing.

When a primary alarm is detected, the system initiates a changeover to standby transponder if the
standby transponder is with no primary alarm. If the standby transponder is with a primary alarm,
the system initiates a complete shutdown.
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When a secondary alarm is detected, the system initiates a changeover to the standby transponder
if the standby transponder is with no alarm. Otherwise, no further action other than alarm
indication is taken.

The time that any of the conditions and malfunctioning enumerated above can persist before an
executive action of a transfer or a complete shutdown takes place is adjustable by software from 0
up to 10 seconds.

In any cases, the transponder is not triggered more than 120 seconds per second for either
monitoring or automatic frequency control purposes, or both.

Failure of any part of the monitor itself automatically produces the same results as the
malfunctioning of the element being monitored.

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1.3.9. Radio Frequency Generator Unit, RFG

1.3.9.1. Overview

Figure 1-22 shows a front view of RFG and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-21 RFG Front View

Figure 1-22 shows the block diagram of RFG.

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RPLL_DATA, RPLL_CLK, RPLL_EN

From MON
To MON
RPLL_LD

1 2 3 To Front Panel
PLL Drive FREQ
TCXO -20dBm(CW)
Module Amplifier

6
FREQ To MON
DET FD
1.5Vpp at 1KΩ

4 5 Splitter 7 RF Switch
AGC
& &
Attenuator
AGC AMP

8
Rectangular
RFG AGC Shape Pluse From MON
Modulation RFG_PULSE_MOD
Circuit

To MON
RFG_RF_ON
9 Gaussian 11 12 Gaussian
Variable To DPU
Modulation Modulation RFG OUT
Attenuator +30 ~ -70dBm
AMP1 AMP2
(Peak Power)

To Front Panel
RF SAMPLE
Sampling값: -25dB
From MON
RFG_ATT1
RFG_ATT2
10
Gaussian
Shape Pluse From MON
Modulation RFG_GAU_MOD
Circuit
13 +5V
+24V
+15V
DC/DC +10V
Converter
-15V
GND
GND
From MON
RFG_BITE
Figure 1-22 RFG Block Diagram

1.3.9.2. Function

RFG provides the following functions:

Generation of RF signal for the monitor interrogator

Amplification of the test interrogation signal
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Self monitoring of test interrogation signals

1.3.9.3. Description

TCXO
generates a stable reference frequency for the PLL frequency synthesizer

PLL frequency synthesizer

synthesizes CW signal with a station frequency from the reference signal from the TCXO.

Drive amplifier
The output signal from the PLL frequency synthesizer is amplified to -20dBm and fed to the AGC
attenuator.

AGC attenuator
The transmit carrier signal should be regulated by an AGC circuit to maintain stable amplitude.
The attenuator is used to control amplitude of the transmit signal. The AGC control signal is
generated by converting detected sample of output signal into a dc signal. A two-way power
splitter, RF schottky diodes and OP amp circuitry are used for this purpose.

Frequency detector
To monitor integrity of the station frequency, a sample of generated transmit signal is prescaled by
1/80 and fed to a TCU, which measures the station frequency by counting the number of pulses
per unit time.

RF switch
RF switch is used to modulate the CW input signal with rectangular pulse shape. This is done by
switching on/off the input signal in sync with the modulation signal.

Gaussian shape pulse modulator/ amplifier

The rectangular pulse modulated interrogation signal is modulated by two stages of Gaussian
shape modulators. Between two stages of Gaussian shape modulator, a variable attenuator is
inserted.

Variable attenuator
The programmable variable attenuator is located between two Gaussian shape pulse modulators.
The variable attenuator is controlled by MON for measuring receiver sensitivity.

DC/DC converter
A built-in DC-to-DC converter takes +24V DC input and converts it into multiple DC voltages,
including +5V, ±15V and +10V needed for each circuitry.

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1.3.10. Local Control Unit, LCU

1.3.10.1. Overview

The LCU is located behind the Control Status Panel, CSP. CSP can be open from the front and can
be flipped down for accessing the embedded LCU.

Figure 1-23 shows a front view of CSP and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-23 CSP Front View

Figure 1-24 shows the block diagram of LCU.

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Figure 1-24 LCU Block Diagram

1.3.10.2. Function

LCU provides the following functions:

Data exchange mediation between TCU 1/2, MON 1/2, LMMS, RMMS and RCMU
Monitoring of LPA and HPA inside temperature
Control of cooling fans
Monitoring of AC/DC and DC/DC status
Monitoring of shelter environment
User interface using built-in CSP
Providing a real time clock
Audio alerting and providing IDENT keying sound

1.3.10.3. Description

The LCU is made up of a high performance 32-bit microprocessor with necessary glue logic,
memory, serial communication controllers and peripheral devices.

A 32-bit microprocessor with 4 built-in serial communication controllers, MPC860 is the core
controller for the LCU. One of its serial controllers, SCC1 is used as an Ethernet controller for
connecting with a TCP/IP based RMMS/LMMS.

SCC2 is used as a RS-232C controller for debug terminal. SCC3 and SCC4 are used as RS-232C
controller for communicating with MON1 and MON2 respectively. SMC1 and SMC2 are also
used as RS-232C controller for communicating with TCU1 and TCU2 respectively.

Three external 16C2550 dual UART controllers are used for remote communication with RCMU,
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RMU or RMMS via modem or direct line.

Temperature sensors and cooling fans and other supervisory sensors are connected to the LCU via
general purpose input/output interface.

Two analog-to-digital converters for monitoring AC/DC or DC/DC power supply are provided.

Electrically isolated by using opto-couplers IDENT keyer and equipment status output interface
are provided for collocation with other navaids equipment, such as VOR and ILS.

For direct access to the system control and status info from the front panel of the system cabinet, a
graphic LCD and a keypad are directly interfaced to the microcontroller of the LCU.

For audio alerting of alarm conditions, a loud speaker is enclosed inside the LCU housing. This
speaker is also used for audio monitoring of IDENT keying and the LCU has a tone generator for
it.

A secure digital card (SD card) interface is provided for history logging.

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1.3.11. AC to DC Converter Unit, AC/DC

1.3.11.1. Overview

Figure 1-25 shows a front view of AC/DC and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-25 AC/DC Front View

Figure 1-26 shows the block diagram of AC/DC.

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Figure 1-26 AC/DC Block Diagram

1.3.11.2. Function

AC/DC converter provides the following functions:

Generation of DC 24V from AC mains power input

Charging of backup batteries
Protection of backup batteries
Supervisory monitoring of output voltages and currents

1.3.11.3. Description

The AC/DC is made up of commercial off-the-shelf SMPS modules, backup battery charger and
surrounding supervisory circuits. The HWS1500-24 module is at the heart of the AC/DC and
generates +24V DC voltage with maximum current of 70A.
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The battery charger circuit provides charging current for the backup batteries. Proper protection
for backup battery is provided to avoid over-discharging.

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1.3.12. DC to DC Converter Unit, DC/DC

1.3.12.1. Overview

Figure 1-27 shows a front view of DC/DC and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-27 DC/DC Front View

Figure 1-28 shows the block diagram of DC/DC.

Figure 1-28 DC/DC Block Diagram

Function

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DC/DC Converter provides the following functions:

Generation of +50V DC voltage

Supervisory monitoring of output voltages and currents

1.3.12.2. Description

The DC/DC converter is also made up of commercial off-the-shelf DC/DC converter modules.
Two PAH300S24-28 DC/DC converter modules are used in series to produce +50V DC voltage.

Proper protection against over-voltage and over-current and supervisory monitoring circuitry is
provided for BITE.

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1.3.13. Backup Battery

1.3.13.1. Overview

Figure 1-29 shows a front view of back battery subrack and location in the system cabinet.

Figure 1-29 Backup Battery Subrack Front View

1.3.13.2. Description

The backup battery provides emergency backup electricity when AC power input is discontinued.
The backup battery is composed of four maintenance-free lead-acid batteries. Two of the batteries
are wired in series to produce +24V respectively. The batteries are contained in two lower
subtracts of system cabinet.

On the front panel cover of each battery subrack, a circuit breaker switch is installed to isolate the
batteries from the system electrics and gets cut-off in case of over current flows.

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1.3.14. Remote Control Monitor Unit, RCMU

1.3.14.1. Overview

Figure 1-30 shows a front view of RCMU.

Figure 1-30 RCMU Front View

Figure 1-31 shows the block diagram of RCMU.

UART RS232 RS232 /1, RS232/2

UART Clock : Driver
ROM 14.7456MHz
MPU DATA MODEM
Socket Modem1
Buffer
Buffer
Main Clock :
29.4912MHz

SRAM RS232
UART RS232
SCC1 Driver

Buffer
RS232 RS485/1, RS485/2
UART Driver

EPLD RS232 (Not Used)

RS232 Driver
DVOR Status
Microprocessor Part

Communication Part

Alarm Sound Speaker out DATA Buffer

Graphic LCD KEY & LED +5V SMPS
Amp

Buffer
R-CSP Power [+5V]
Alarm Sound
R-CSP I/F

Figure 1-31 RCMU Block Diagram

1.3.14.2. Description

The RCMU has the same front panel control as the CSP on the system cabinet. Most of the
functions that are provided with the CSP are also supported with RCMU except some of the
functions that are inherently local.

The RCMU is connected to the LCU through a two-wire leased-line or a dial-up line using built-in
high speed modem that is capable of exchanging data at a rate of up to 33,600bps. Optionally, the
RCMU supports two RS-232C interfaces for direct connection to the main system cabinet at short
distance using a RS-232C cross cable or external data links such as wireless data modem.

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Up to two slave remote monitoring units (RMU) can be connected to the RCMU via a pair of RS-
485 compatible balanced lines.

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1.3.15. Remote Monitor Unit, RMU

1.3.15.1. Overview

Figure 1-32 shows a front view of RMU.

Figure 1-32 RMU Front View

Figure 1-33 shows the block diagram of RMU.

TXD RS485_TXD
RS485 Driver
RXD U301 RS485_RXD Alarm Sound Speaker out
Amp
RS485 Driver
14.7456MHz
Main Clock :

Alarm Sound

MPU LED Control

Sink Driver LED Bar
U300 U400 LED400~LED405

LED Drive

+5V SMPS

KEY Input Silence Lamp Test

KEY KEY Power [+5V]
Microprocessor Part
Key Input

Alarm Sound

Figure 1-33 RMU Block Diagram

1.3.15.2. Description

The RMU provides simple monitoring functions only.

An 8-bit microcontroller is employed for the RMU. The RMU is housed in a small box with a
dedicated power supply. A number of LED indicators placed on the front of the RMU shows brief
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status of the system. In addition a loud speaker is contained in the RMU to provide audible alert.

The RMU can be connected to the LCU directly through RS-232C or RS-422/485 interface or
connected to a RCMU through the same communication link.

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1.3.16. Local/Remote Maintenance Monitoring System, LMMS/RMMS

1.3.16.1. Overview

Figure 1-34 shows the startup screen of LMMS/RMMS.

Figure 1-34 Startup Screen

Figure 1-35 shows the main screen layout of LMMS/RMMS.

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Figure 1-35 Main Screen

Figure 1-36 is a screenshot of LMMS/RMMS transponder screen.

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Figure 1-36 Transponder Screen

Figure 1-37 is a screenshot of LMMS/RMMS monitor screen.

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Figure 1-37 Monitor Screen

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DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT

Technical Manual

VOLUME I
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION,
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

SECTION 2
INSTALLATION

MOPIENS, INC.
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Table of Contents

Section 2. INSTALLATION................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1.1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.............................................................................. 2-1
2.2. INSTALLATION ................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3. INSTALLATION SITE SELECTION ..................................................................... 2-2
2.4. EQUIPMENT SITE LOCATION ........................................................................... 2-3
2.5. UNPACKING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING .......................................................... 2-3
2.6. INSTALLATION CABLES .................................................................................... 2-4
2.6.1. Rack Wiring Diagram ( RF Cable, rear view, including wiring number ) ....... 2-5
2.6.2. Detail wire description (RF cable) ................................................................. 2-6
2.6.3. Rack Wiring Diagram ( Signal Cable, rear view, including wiring number ) 2-12
2.6.4. Detail wire description(Signal cable) ........................................................... 2-13
2.6.5. Caution (before wiring cables)..................................................................... 2-19

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Section 2. INSTALLATION

2.1. INTRODUCTION

2.1.1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

At every site, strict attention should be paid to safety regulations issued by the local
authorities.

2.1.1.1. General Rules

ƒ To avoid accidents, the following safety rules should be observed.

ƒ Do not consume alcohol in any form on the installation site.
ƒ Anyone under the influence of alcohol will not be tolerated on the installation site.
ƒ Wear protective goggles and safety gloves when working on batteries. Keep rinsing water,
soda, and several cleaning cloths on hand.
ƒ Wear sturdy shoes, safety gloves, and safety helmets.
ƒ Remove protruding nails, strips, etc. immediately.
ƒ Always check ladders and planks carefully before use.
ƒ Do not tread on protruding plank sections.
ƒ Never leave objects on scaffolding or ladders.
ƒ Erect sturdy scaffolding and frames and always test them thoroughly before using them.
ƒ Test and check electrical devices and extension cables before you use them.
ƒ Remove fuses before working on the mains.
ƒ Wear protective goggles when sanding or drilling.
ƒ Sand off burr from chisels and punches.
ƒ Test striking tools for tightness of fit.
ƒ Do not put pointed or sharp objects into work clothing pockets.
ƒ Remove jewelry such as chains and rings when working on building sites, especially when
working with electrical devices.
ƒ Always keep escape routes clear.
ƒ Every employee on an installation site should know the following.
ƒ Where the First Aid box is kept.
ƒ The telephone number of the nearest casualty doctor and eye specialist.

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ƒ Where the fire extinguisher is kept.

ƒ The location of hazardous areas on the way to the work place or at the work place itself.
ƒ When the shelter (equipment room) is unoccupied, it should be locked.

2.2. INSTALLATION

ƒ To install the beacon, you must perform the following procedures.

ƒ Select and prepare the site.

ƒ Remove equipment from shipping containers.

ƒ Make connections (typical installation), specifically, ground the equipment, connect the
power supplies, connect the antenna, and make the input/output (I/O) connections

ƒ Depending on the beacon configuration selected and the options used, it may be necessary
to connect the facility to the associated equipment or to other equipment.

2.3. INSTALLATION SITE SELECTION

The location for the distance-measuring equipment (DME) installation is determined by the
responsible Civil Aviation Authority according to international air traffic regulations.

The selection of the DME location also depends on nearby obstacles and clearance and, when
located in the terminal area, runway configuration; e.g., overrun, clearway, stopway.

The following site selection guidelines are only general recommendations. The final site
decision should be made locally, prior to, and during installation. The guidelines are
computed with formulas that take into account the terrain, obstacles, and other unique
considerations of the location.

The installation location is determined by a surveyor-supervised site survey. Mopiens can

provide an engineering consultant on site for this survey.

The DME installation location depends on the following conditions:

ƒ Terminal area beacon

DME (substituting or enhancing MARKER functions) placed with instrument landing system
(ILS) equipment

Stand-alone

DME with unidirectional antenna on its own mast and equipment installed into a suitable
shelter. The area is dependent on clearance and runway configuration.

ƒ En route beacon

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With or without associated very-high-frequency omnidirectional radio range (VOR)

equipment (external zone site and normally far away from terminal area)

2.4. EQUIPMENT SITE LOCATION

The ground beacon may be installed in a control room or inside a shelter that complies with
the environmental temperature, humidity, and etc. The equipment has the following overall
dimensions.

ƒ Height: 1922 mm

ƒ Width: 600 mm

ƒ Depth: 600 mm

The equipment requires the following clearances.

ƒ If rear access is required, there must be at least 24 inches between the rear part of the
beacon and the wall and any piece of equipment.

ƒ A minimum of 24 inches between the top of the beacon and the ceiling of the control room
or the shelter to leave space for the external connection cables and to allow access to the
antenna connector and to the antenna probes connectors.

ƒ A minimum of 4 feet between the front of the beacon and the wall and any other piece of
equipment to allow the operator to open the front door.

The base must be able to support the total weight of the equipment--about 400 pounds (200
kilograms), including the optional modules, within the range of dynamic stress envisaged for
the equipment.

The beacon does not normally need securing; however, if it is to be secured to the base, use
four M12 bolts.

2.5. UNPACKING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING

The equipment should be unpacked as soon as possible to ensure that it is complete and intact.
If it is to be stored, the storage facility must be dry. Refer to section 4 for the appropriate
temperature range specified in the technical data.

The DME beacon and modules will be packed according to national and international
standards. The packing procedure may vary according to shipping method and destination.

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2.6. INSTALLATION CABLES

RF cable list)
No. Unit Description Concerning cable number
1 TXU / RXU Local signal R20, R21
2 Rack Top / MON Antenna coupling signal R10, R11
3 Rack Top / DPU TX/RX Antenna Port(duplex) R24
4 RFG / DPU RFG output signal R14, R15
st
5 RXU / DPU RXU 1 received signal R12, R13
6 TXU / LPA TXU output signal R18, R19
7 LPA / HPA LPA output signal R16, R17
8 HPA / DPU HPA output signal R22, R23

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2.6.1. Rack Wiring Diagram ( RF Cable, rear view, including wiring number )

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2.6.2. Detail wire description (RF cable)

2.6.2.1. R10 cable (Top ANT. MON2 connect to RXU2)

2.6.2.2. R11 cable (Top ANT. MON1 connect to RXU1)

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2.6.2.3. R12 cable (RXU2 IN connect to DPU RX2)

2.6.2.4. R13 cable (RXU1 IN connect to DPU RX1)

2.6.2.5. R14 cable (RFG2 output connect to DPU INT2 )

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2.6.2.6. R15 cable (RFG1 output connect to DPU INT1 )

2.6.2.7. R16 cable (LPA2 OUT connect to HPA2 IN)

2.6.2.8. R17 cable (LPA1 OUT connect to HPA1 IN)

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2.6.2.9. R18 cable (TXU2 OUT connect to LPA2 IN )

2.6.2.10. R19 cable (TXU1 OUT connect to LPA1 IN )

2.6.2.11. R20 cable (TXU2 connect to RXU2)

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2.6.2.12. R21 cable (TXU1 connect to RXU1)

2.6.2.13. R22 cable (HPA2 OUT connect to DPU TX2)

2.6.2.14. R23 cable (HPA1 OUT connect to DPU TX1)

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2.6.2.15. R24 cable (Rack Antenna Port connect to DPU ANT.)

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2.6.3. Rack Wiring Diagram ( Signal Cable, rear view, including wiring number )

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2.6.4. Detail wire description(Signal cable)

2.6.4.1. S100 cable

2.6.4.2. S101 cable (AC input)

2.6.4.3. S102 cable (Input DC Voltage : GND, Connect to Power Amplifier Backboard )

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2.6.4.4. S103 cable (Input DC Voltage : GND, Connect to Power Amplifier Backboard )

2.6.4.5. S104 cable (Main DC Voltage : GND)

2.6.4.6. S105 cable (Main DC Voltage : +27V )

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2.6.4.7. S106 cable (Battery1 Voltage : GND)

2.6.4.8. S107 cable (Battery1 Voltage : +24V)

2.6.4.9. S108 cable (Battery2 Voltage : GND)

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2.6.4.10. S109 cable (Battery2 Voltage : +24V)

2.6.4.11. S110 cable (Back board to Back board : Data & Power source)

2.6.4.12. S111 cable (Back board to Back board : Data & Power source)

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2.6.4.13. S112 cable (LCU / DPU signal connection)

2.6.4.14. S113 cable (LCU signal connection)

2.6.4.15. S114 cable (DPU signal connection)

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2.6.4.16. S115 cable (Rack Top signal connection)

2.6.4.17. S116 cable (Rack Top signal connection)

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2.6.5. Caution (before wiring cables)

WARNING
Before connecting the cables, check that the mains
lead is not connected to AC power and the battery
leads are not powered. On the external electrical
switchboard, the breaker used for the mains and
battery must be OFF.

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DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT

Technical Manual

VOLUME I
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION,
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

SECTION 3
OPERATION

MOPIENS, INC.
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Contents

Section 3. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................3-1
3.1. RMMS/LMMS ...................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1. RMMS/LMMS overview .................................................................................. 3-1
3.1.2. Software installation......................................................................................... 3-2
3.1.3. Communication connection............................................................................... 3-6
3.1.4. Log-in ........................................................................................................... 3-10
3.1.5. Main Window ................................................................................................ 3-12
3.1.5.1. Main Window description ................................................................................3-12
3.1.5.2. Menu bar ..........................................................................................................3-16
3.1.6. Transponder Window description .................................................................... 3-17
3.1.7. Monitor Window ............................................................................................ 3-26
3.1.7.1. Explanation of Monitor Window .....................................................................3-26
3.1.7.2. Monitor Menu ..................................................................................................3-29
3.1.8. Log Data Management Window ...................................................................... 3-31
3.1.8.1. Explanation of log data management window .................................................3-31
3.1.8.2. Log data management ......................................................................................3-32
3.1.8.3. Measured item record ......................................................................................3-33
3.1.9. Program Menu ............................................................................................... 3-35
3.1.9.1. File Menu .........................................................................................................3-35
3.1.9.2. Window Menu .................................................................................................3-35
3.1.9.3. Calibration Menu .............................................................................................3-36
3.1.9.4. Tool Menu........................................................................................................3-37
3.2. CSP .................................................................................................................... 3-40
3.2.1. Summary of CSP ........................................................................................... 3-40
3.2.2. Appearance of CSP ........................................................................................ 3-40
3.2.2.1. Control & Mute ...............................................................................................3-40
3.2.2.2. TXP Lamp .......................................................................................................3-40
3.2.2.3. MON Lamp......................................................................................................3-41
3.2.3. Features of CSP ............................................................................................. 3-42
3.2.3.1. Quick Menu .....................................................................................................3-51
3.2.3.2. Alarm Menu .....................................................................................................3-53
3.2.3.3. Transponder .....................................................................................................3-63
3.2.3.4. Monitor ............................................................................................................3-73
3.2.3.5. System .............................................................................................................3-82
3.2.3.6. Power Supply .................................................................................................3-106
3.2.3.7. Information ....................................................................................................3-109

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List of Table

Table 3-1 PC Specification for MARU 310/320 RMMS/LMMS SW installation....................3-2

Table 3-2 Rights by User Level ...............................................................................................3-10
Table 3-3 Basic Status Display of Transponder .......................................................................3-17
Table 3-4 Displayed Contents at Operation Frequency ...........................................................3-18
Table 3-5 Operation Frequency Setup Range ..........................................................................3-19
Table 3-6 Displayed Contents at IDENT .................................................................................3-20
Table 3-7 Displayed Contents at Echo Suppression ................................................................3-21
Table 3-8 Displayed Contents at Squitter Pulse Rate ..............................................................3-22
Table 3-9 Basic Monitor status ................................................................................................3-27
Table 3-10 Log data save Format ............................................................................................3-32
Table 3-11 Contents of csv file ................................................................................................3-34
Table 3-12 Control & Mute buttons.........................................................................................3-40
Table 3-13 TXP Lamp .............................................................................................................3-41
Table 3-14 MON Lamp ...........................................................................................................3-41
Table 3-15 Main Menu ............................................................................................................3-42
Table 3-16 List of Notification Messages ................................................................................3-44
Table 3-17 Bypass Menu> submenus ......................................................................................3-51
Table 3-18 Quick Menu> submenus ........................................................................................3-52
Table 3-19 Alarm> submenus ..................................................................................................3-53
Table 3-20 Alarm > Transponder 1 / 2 > items ........................................................................3-55
Table 3-21 Alarm > Monitor 1 / 2 > items ...............................................................................3-56
Table 3-22 Alarm > Presence Detect > items ..........................................................................3-58
Table 3-23 Alarm > System > items ........................................................................................3-60
Table 3-24 Alarm > Power Supply > items..............................................................................3-61
Table 3-25 Alarm > Environment > items ...............................................................................3-62
Table 3-26 Transponder > Submenus ......................................................................................3-63
Table 3-27 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Submenus....................................................................3-65
Table 3-28 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Operation FREQ > items ............................................3-66
Table 3-29 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > IDENT > Items ...........................................................3-67
Table 3-30 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Echo SUPP > items .....................................................3-68
Table 3-31 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Power > items .............................................................3-69
Table 3-32 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > DC/DC > items ...........................................................3-70
Table 3-33 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Sys CONFIG > items ..................................................3-71
Table 3-34 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Pulse rate >items .........................................................3-72
Table 3-35 Monitor> Submenus ..............................................................................................3-73
Table 3-36 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > Submenus.........................................................................3-75
Table 3-37 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > Status >items ....................................................................3-76
Table 3-38 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > IDENT Code > item.........................................................3-78
Table 3-39 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > TXP1 Report > items .......................................................3-79
Table 3-40 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > TXP1 Limits > items........................................................3-80
Table 3-41 System > Submenus ..............................................................................................3-82
Table 3-42 System > Save & Restore > items .........................................................................3-84
Table 3-43 System >System Control > items ..........................................................................3-85

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Table 3-44 System > Changeover Mode> items ......................................................................3-86

Table 3-45 System > Changeover > submenus ........................................................................3-87
Table 3-46 System > Changeover > MON 1 / 2 CHOV Report menu> items .........................3-88
Table 3-47 System > Changeover > Manual CHOV Report > items .......................................3-89
Table 3-48 System > Fan Control > items ...............................................................................3-90
Table 3-49 System > Fan Control > Fan Status > items ..........................................................3-91
Table 3-50 System > Fan Control > Fan Auto/Manual Select Mode > items ..........................3-92
Table 3-51 System > Fan Control > CFG MAN Fan Mode > items ........................................3-93
Table 3-52 System > Fan Control CFG Auto Fan Mode > items ............................................3-94
Table 3-53 System > DC/DC control> items ...........................................................................3-95
Table 3-54 System > Presence Detect > items .........................................................................3-96
Table 3-55 System > Temperature > items ..............................................................................3-98
Table 3-56 System > Environment > submenus ......................................................................3-99
Table 3-57 System > Environment > CFG ENV > items ......................................................3-100
Table 3-58 System > Audio > items ......................................................................................3-101
Table 3-59 System > VOR Interface > items .........................................................................3-102
Table 3-60 System > LCU Configuration > submenus..........................................................3-103
Table 3-61 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG ETH Port> items ...............................3-104
Table 3-62 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG COMM Port> items ..........................3-105
Table 3-63 Power Supply items .............................................................................................3-106
Table 3-64 Power Supply > PSU Status > items....................................................................3-107
Table 3-65 Power Supply > PSU Measurement > items........................................................3-108
Table 3-66 Information > submenus ......................................................................................3-109
Table 3-67 Information > DATE & TIME > items ................................................................ 3-111
Table 3-68 Information > Date & Time > System Date >items ............................................. 3-112
Table 3-69 Information > Date & Time > System Time > items ........................................... 3-113
Table 3-70 Information > LCU > items ................................................................................. 3-114
Table 3-71 Information > TCU1 / 2 > items .......................................................................... 3-115
Table 3-72 Information > MON1 / 2 > items......................................................................... 3-116
Table 3-73 Information > RMU1 / 2-LCU > items................................................................ 3-117

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List of Figures

Figure 3-1 MARU 310/320 Software Installation Initiation Window .......................................3-2

Figure 3-2 MARU 310/320 Software Installation Window .......................................................3-3
Figure 3-3 Program Installation Directory Selection Window ..................................................3-3
Figure 3-4 Program Menu Folder Selection Window ................................................................3-4
Figure 3-5 Program Installation Progress Window ....................................................................3-4
Figure 3-6 Program Installation Finish Window .......................................................................3-5
Figure 3-7 Communication Connection Window ......................................................................3-6
Figure 3-8 Communication Setup Window ...............................................................................3-7
Figure 3-9 Communication Setup Add Window........................................................................3-8
Figure 3-10 Login Window .....................................................................................................3-10
Figure 3-11 Main Window.......................................................................................................3-12
Figure 3-12 Transponder Status ...............................................................................................3-13
Figure 3-13 Monitor Status......................................................................................................3-13
Figure 3-14 Site Information ...................................................................................................3-14
Figure 3-15 Unit status ............................................................................................................3-14
Figure 3-16 Active/Standby Status of HPA and LPA ...............................................................3-15
Figure 3-17 DPU Status Indication ..........................................................................................3-15
Figure 3-18 Menu bar ..............................................................................................................3-16
Figure 3-19 Transponder Window ...........................................................................................3-17
Figure 3-20 Transponder status ...............................................................................................3-17
Figure 3-21 Figure Changeover Window ................................................................................3-18
Figure 3-22 Operation Frequency Status .................................................................................3-18
Figure 3-23 Channel setup window .........................................................................................3-19
Figure 3-24 IDENT signal displayed .......................................................................................3-19
Figure 3-25 IDENT Setup .......................................................................................................3-20
Figure 3-26 Echo Suppression Status ......................................................................................3-20
Figure 3-27 Echo Suppression Control Window .....................................................................3-21
Figure 3-28 Power Control ......................................................................................................3-21
Figure 3-29 Transponder Power Control window ...................................................................3-22
Figure 3-30 Squitter Pulse Rate ...............................................................................................3-22
Figure 3-31 Squitter / Equalizer Pulse setup window ..............................................................3-23
Figure 3-32 Squitter Pulse Rate ...............................................................................................3-23
Figure 3-33 Transponder Delay setup window ........................................................................3-24
Figure 3-34 Transponder On/Off status ...................................................................................3-24
Figure 3-35 Transponder On/Off setup window ......................................................................3-25
Figure 3-36 Basic Monitor Window ........................................................................................3-26
Figure 3-37 Monitor status displayed ......................................................................................3-26
Figure 3-38 MON Normal/Bypass mode setup window .........................................................3-27
Figure 3-39 Changeover window ............................................................................................3-28
Figure 3-40 measured value displayed ....................................................................................3-28
Figure 3-41 Alarm limits setup window ..................................................................................3-29
Figure 3-42 History Log Window............................................................................................3-31
Figure 3-43 File menu .............................................................................................................3-35

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Figure 3-44 Window Menu......................................................................................................3-36

Figure 3-45 Calibration menu..................................................................................................3-36
Figure 3-46 Tool menu ............................................................................................................3-37
Figure 3-47 The front of CSP in MARU 310/320 system .......................................................3-40
Figure 3-48 Main Screen composition ....................................................................................3-42
Figure 3-49 Main Screen .........................................................................................................3-43
Figure 3-50 Main Menu...........................................................................................................3-44
Figure 3-51 TCU1 Power Off message ...................................................................................3-46
Figure 3-52 Alarm silence retracted message ..........................................................................3-46
Figure 3-53 Set value applied message ...................................................................................3-46
Figure 3-54 Changeover Confirm Message .............................................................................3-47
Figure 3-55 Setup Screen – String ...........................................................................................3-47
Figure 3-56 Setup Screen – Integer .........................................................................................3-49
Figure 3-57 Setup Screen – Decimal Number .........................................................................3-49
Figure 3-58 Setup Screen – Selection ......................................................................................3-50
Figure 3-59 Bypass Menu........................................................................................................3-51
Figure 3-60 Quick Menu .........................................................................................................3-52
Figure 3-61 Alarm menu..........................................................................................................3-53
Figure 3-62 Alarm menu map ..................................................................................................3-54
Figure 3-63 Alarm > Transponder 1/2 > ..................................................................................3-55
Figure 3-64 Alarm > Monitor 1/2 > .........................................................................................3-56
Figure 3-65 Alarm > Presence Detect > ..................................................................................3-58
Figure 3-66 Alarm > System > ................................................................................................3-60
Figure 3-67 Alarm > Power Supply >......................................................................................3-61
Figure 3-68 Alarm > Environment > .......................................................................................3-62
Figure 3-69 Transponder menu................................................................................................3-63
Figure 3-70 Transponder menu map ........................................................................................3-64
Figure 3-71 Transponder > TXP1/2 > .....................................................................................3-65
Figure 3-72 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Operation FREQ > ....................................................3-66
Figure 3-73 Transponder> TXP1 > IDENT >..........................................................................3-67
Figure 3-74 Transponder> TXP1/2 > Echo SUPP > ................................................................3-68
Figure 3-75 Transponder > TXP1 > Power > ..........................................................................3-69
Figure 3-76 Transponder > TXP1 > DC/DC > ........................................................................3-70
Figure 3-77 Transponder > TXP1/2 > Sys CONFIG > ............................................................3-71
Figure 3-78 Transponder > TXP1/2 > Pulse rate > ..................................................................3-72
Figure 3-79 Monitor menu ......................................................................................................3-73
Figure 3-80 Monitor menu map ...............................................................................................3-74
Figure 3-81 Monitor > MON1/2 > ..........................................................................................3-75
Figure 3-82 Monitor > MON1 > Status > ................................................................................3-76
Figure 3-83 Monitor > MON1 > IDENT Code .......................................................................3-78
Figure 3-84 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > TXP1/2 Report > ............................................................3-79
Figure 3-85 Monitor > MON1/2 > TXP1/2 Limits > ..............................................................3-80
Figure 3-86 System menu ........................................................................................................3-82
Figure 3-87 System menu map ................................................................................................3-84
Figure 3-88 System > Save & Restore > .................................................................................3-84
Figure 3-89 System > System Control > .................................................................................3-85

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Figure 3-90 System > Changeover > .......................................................................................3-87

Figure 3-91 System > Changeover > MON 1/2 CHOV Report ...............................................3-88
Figure 3-92 System > Changeover > Manual CHOV Report > ...............................................3-89
Figure 3-93 System > Fan Control > .......................................................................................3-90
Figure 3-94 System > Fan Control > Fan Status > ..................................................................3-91
Figure 3-95 System > Fan Control > Fan Auto/Manual Select > ............................................3-92
Figure 3-96 System > Fan Control > CFG MAN Fan Mode > ................................................3-93
Figure 3-97 System > Fan Control > CFG Auto Fan Mode > .................................................3-94
Figure 3-98 System > DC/DC control .....................................................................................3-95
Figure 3-99 System > Presence Detect > .................................................................................3-96
Figure 3-100 System > Temperature > ....................................................................................3-98
Figure 3-101 System > Environment > ...................................................................................3-99
Figure 3-102 System > Environment > CFG ENV > ............................................................3-100
Figure 3-103 System > Audio > ............................................................................................3-101
Figure 3-104 System > VOR Interface > ...............................................................................3-102
Figure 3-105 System > LCU Configuration > .......................................................................3-103
Figure 3-106 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG ETH Port >....................................3-104
Figure 3-107 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG COMM Port > ...............................3-105
Figure 3-108 Power Supply menu .........................................................................................3-106
Figure 3-109 Power supply menu map ..................................................................................3-106
Figure 3-110 Power Supply > PSU Status > ..........................................................................3-107
Figure 3-111 Power Supply > PSU Measurement > ..............................................................3-108
Figure 3-112 Information menu .............................................................................................3-109
Figure 3-113 Information menu map ..................................................................................... 3-110
Figure 3-114 Information > Date & Time > .......................................................................... 3-111
Figure 3-115 Information > Date & Time > System Date > .................................................. 3-112
Figure 3-116 Information > Date & Time > System Time > ................................................. 3-113
Figure 3-117 Information > LCU > ....................................................................................... 3-114
Figure 3-118 Information > TCU1/2 > .................................................................................. 3-115
Figure 3-119 Information > MON1/2 >................................................................................. 3-116
Figure 3-120 Information > RMU1/2 -LCU > ...................................................................... 3-117

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Section 3. INSTALLATION

3.1. RMMS/LMMS

3.1.1. RMMS/LMMS overview

RMMS (Remote Maintenance Monitoring System) or LMMS (Local Maintenance

Monitoring System) is a program that enables users to monitor or control MARU 310/320
system on PCs. The RMMS/LMMS can be directly connected through the use of LCU (Local
Control Unit) and serial cables and remotely accessed through the use of modems.

The RMMS/LMMS controls the status of TX and reads the values measured on MON to
display them on the monitor of a PC. The information is the same as what is displayed on the
CSP (Control Status Panel) of the MARU 310/320 system.

Representative status information displayed on the PC monitor is as follows.

ƒ Alarm measured in each unit
ƒ Plug-in status of each unit
ƒ Measured main parameters of DVOR signal
ƒ Control of main parameters of DVOR signal
History log

Main functions of each window are as follows.

ƒ Log-in window: It is a user authentication window to control the MARU 310/320 System.
Only authenticated users can control the system by entering a user account and a password.
Only status reference is allowed in communication connection without log-in.
ƒ Main window: It has been designed to view major parameters among values measured by
the MARU 310/320 System and conveniently figure out fault status in the unit. The unit
where alarm occurred is indicated as red, and if the unit is clicked, it switches to the
window of the unit or displays information on the unit.
ƒ TX window: It controls the signal of MARU 310/320 Transponder. It can control general
signals such as frequency setup and output power setup and provides functions for antenna
tests.
ƒ MON window: It displays parameters measured in MON unit and can set up the range of
alarms with regard to measured items.
ƒ History log window: LCU saves alarm occurrence status of the values measured in MON
and information on the Transponder control item changed in MSG. The log data are save
not only in LCU but also in a local folder of a RMMS/LMMS PC, and history log window
displays log records saved in the LCU and the PC. Inquiry can be made by date or in order

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of the latest record.

ƒ System window: It provides such general control items required to operate the system as
Changeover, System reset, Fan control and System sound setup.

3.1.2. Software installation

A PC should have following specifications to install MARU 310/320 RMMS/LMMS

software.

Table 3-1 PC Specification for MARU 310/320 RMMS/LMMS SW installation

Distinction Specifications
System IBM Compatible PC : Desktop or Laptop
CPU Intel Pentium 800MHz or Higher
Memory Minimum 512MB RAM
HDD Minimum 20GB (15GB free disk space)
Operating System Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/Vista

RMMS/LMMS software is installed in accordance with following procedures.

1) If you insert a RMMS program CD into a PC, following installation initiation window
appears. If the installation initiation window does not appear automatically, execute
‘Setup.exe’.

Figure 3-1 MARU 310/320 Software Installation Initiation Window

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2) If following installation window appears, click [Next>] button.

Figure 3-2 MARU 310/320 Software Installation Window

3) The following window is to select a program installation directory. Default installation

directory is ‘C:\Program Files\MOPIENS\MARU 320\’. If you want to change the
installation directory, click [Browse…] button, and if you do not want to change the directory,
move to the next step by clicking [Next>] button. Unless it is a special case, do not change
the default installation directory.

Figure 3-3 Program Installation Directory Selection Window

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4)If the following window appears, enter the name of a program folder to be registered in the
Windows start menu and then click [Next>] button. Unless it is a special case, do not change
the name of the folder.

Figure 3-4 Program Menu Folder Selection Window

5)If the following program installation progress window appears, the program is installed.

Figure 3-5 Program Installation Progress Window

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6) If the installation of the program is completed, the following window appears. If you click
[Finish] button, the installation of the program is finished.

Figure 3-6 Program Installation Finish Window

If the installation of the program is completed, MARU 310/320 icon is made on the Windows
start menu and the background window.

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3.1.3. Communication connection

If the program is executed, it tries to access the MARU 310/320 System according to
previous connection setup record. If the connection is successfully made, the right to use the
program is Level 1 that only allows users to inquire values set and measured in the MARU
310/320 System. If the MARU 310/320 System needs to be controlled, click [LOGIN] button
on the menu on the left to log in as a Level 2 user or higher. The following figure is the
window where communication connections are being tried.

Figure 3-7 Communication Connection Window

Setup
If the program is used for the first time after installation or if you want to change existing
setup, cancel connection by clicking [Cancel] button and then change the setup into a new
one that fits installation environment.

Retry
[Retry] button is used to try connecting again in the same setup if connection has failed.

Cancel
[Cancel] button is used to stop connecting.

Exit
[Exit] button is used to cancel all activities and close the program.

The following figure is a window where communication is set up through the use of [Setup]
button.

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Figure 3-8 Communication Setup Window

Add
If you click [Add] button, a window to set up a new communication appears.

Change
If you select an item to be changed among communication setup items and then click
[Change] button, a window to change communication setup appears.

Delete
If you select an item to be deleted among communication setup items and then click [Delete]
button, the pertinent item is deleted.

Connect
If you select an item to be used among communication setup items and click [Connect]
button, connection is tried as set up.

If you click [Add] button, the following window appears. The [Change] window is the same
as [Add] window, but the [Name] cannot be changed.

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Figure 3-9 Communication Setup Add Window

Name
It is the name of an installation site that an operator arbitrarily sets up. It is used as the name
of the folder to save MON measure values and history log stored in the RMMS/LMMS. If
you did not change the installation folder at a time of program installation, MON measure
values and history log data are saved in ‘C:\Program Files\MOPIENS\MARU 320\<Name>’
folder

Port
Select communication port.

Baud rate
Select communication speed.

Site
Select the location where the program is installed. Select either [Local] or [Remote]. If you
selected [Remote], the following [Modem] is activated to enable modem setup.

Modem Line Type

Choose either [Leased Line] or [Dialup]. If you choose [Dialup], the following [Telephone
number] is activated to enable entry of modem telephone number for destination.

Telephone number

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Enter modem telephone number to be connected.

Modem Initialization command

Enter model control command in the AT Command format. Since it aims to test a modem,
leave it as a blank space.

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3.1.4. Log-in

If the connection is successfully made, the program moves to the main window. At that time,
it is a level 1 security status that only allows users to inquire the MARU 310/320 System. If
you need to control the MARU 310/320 System, you must log in again as a level-2 user or
higher. You can log in as a higher-level user by clicking [LOGIN] button on the menu on the
left of the program.

Security levels range from level 1 through level 3, and the level 3 is the highest. The security
level, ID, password are saved in the LCU unit of the MARU 310/320 System.

Figure 3-10 Login Window

Security level
It is divided into followings in accordance with the security level of RMMS/LMMS system
operators, and functions are limited by level.

Level 1: It is possible to inquire Main window, MON window, TX window and System.
Level 2: It is possible to control Main window, MON window, TX window, TX control,
MON control and Changeover.
Level 3: It is possible to manage Main window, MON window, TX window, TX control,
MON control, Changeover, History Log data and create/delete user account.

The following indicates access rights by user level.

Table 3-2 Rights by User Level

Window Item Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

Main window Main Status Inquire ○ ○ ○

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MON Window Inquire ○ ○ ○

MON window MON operation mode setup × ○ ○
MON alarm range setup × ○ ○
TX Window Inquire ○ ○ ○
TX window
TX setup value change × ○ ○
Window Inquire ○ ○ ○
Fan Control × ○ ○
System window
System switching × ○ ○
System Reset × ○ ○
History Log View ○ ○ ○
Log window
History Log Delete, Backup × × ○
Account Create × × ○
ETC
Account Delete × × ○

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3.1.5. Main Window

The Main Window appears after a successful connection to the system. It displays a figure
that is very similar to the actual system configuration, that a user can view the entire system
at a glance.

3.1.5.1. Main Window description

Figure 3-11 Main Window

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TXP operating information

Figure 3-12 Transponder Status

Operating status of TXP is shown.

MON operating information

Figure 3-13 Monitor Status

Operating status of MON is shown.

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Site Information

Figure 3-14 Site Information

Operating Channel and IDENT is displayed.

Rack status information

The rack model indicated in the Main Window looks similar to the actual configuration of the
MARU 310/320 System. If you click each unit, information on the unit is displayed, and
especially in cases of MON and TCU, it moves to the pertinent information window. If any
alarm occurs at a unit, the unit turns red, and the unit looks black when removed.

The figure below shows the unit status indication.

Normal Alarm Unplugged Off

Figure 3-15 Unit status

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HPA and LPA unit in Standby status are indicated in gray-tinted colors as shown below.

Active/Normal Standby/Normal Standby/Alarm

Figure 3-16 Active/Standby Status of HPA and LPA

The LED of the currently active TXP in the DPU is turned on.

Figure 3-17 DPU Status Indication

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3.1.5.2. Menu bar

Figure 3-18 Menu bar

The menu bar is located at the left side of the program window, and the function of each part
is described as follows.

Screen switching buttons

If you click a window switching button, it moves to the pertinent window.
Login/Logout button
To get higher authority, a user needs to log-in to the system by clicking the login button.

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3.1.6. Transponder Window description

You can read and set values of the Transponder of the system at the Transponder Window. If
you place the mouse cursor on a controllable item, the shape of the cursor turns hand shaped.
Items where the shape of the cursor doesn’t change are uncontrollable items.

Figure 3-19 Transponder Window

Transponder status

Figure 3-20 Transponder status

[Status] item displays the current status of the selected Transponder. Indicated contents are
explained below.

Table 3-3 Basic Status Display of Transponder

Item Display content Remarks

Status Active Green

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Standby Yellow
Unplugged Black

Clicking the status display area, a Changeover pop up window appears.

Figure 3-21 Figure Changeover Window

Figure 3-22 Operation Frequency Status

Displayed items show the Channel number, currently set operation frequency and PLL status.

Table 3-4 Displayed Contents at Operation Frequency

Item Contents Remarks

Channel 1 ~ 125, X/Y
Operating Frequency 960 ~ 1215 MHz
Normal Green
PLL Status
FAIL Red

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Clicking the operation frequency area, a window appears in which you can setup the channel.

Figure 3-23 Channel setup window

When the channel is changed, corresponding Reply Frequency and Interrogation Frequency
are automatically set. Clicking [Send] button, the Reply Frequency value is sent to the TCU,
and the Interrogation Frequency value to the MON.

Table 3-5 Operation Frequency Setup Range

Item Range Step Unit

Operating Frequency 960 ~ 1215 1 MHz

IDENT

Figure 3-24 IDENT signal displayed

It indicates the status of IDENT Signal Setup.

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Table 3-6 Displayed Contents at IDENT

Item Displayed contents Remarks

IDENT Code Identifier 2 to 4 letters
Independent White
Associated, Master Green
IDENT Mode
Associated, Slave Yellow
Test mode Red (continuously high tone)
ON White
IDENT Keying
OFF Black

If you click IDENT frame area, IDENT Setup window appears. It looks as follows.

Figure 3-25 IDENT Setup

Echo Suppression/Dead Time Setup

Figure 3-26 Echo Suppression Status

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Short Distance Echo Suppression, Long Distance Echo Suppression and Dead Time are
displayed.

Table 3-7 Displayed Contents at Echo Suppression

Item Displayed Contents Remarks

SDES On / Off / Time usec
LDES On / Off / Time usec
Dead Time usec

Clicking the area opens a pop up window where you can set values.

Figure 3-27 Echo Suppression Control Window

Power Control
Present power of Transponder is displayed.

Figure 3-28 Power Control

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Clicking Power Control area, a pop up windows appears where you can change the value.

Figure 3-29 Transponder Power Control window

Squitter Pulse Rate

Squitter Pulse rate and Equalizer Pulse On/Off are displayed.

Figure 3-30 Squitter Pulse Rate

Table 3-8 Displayed Contents at Squitter Pulse Rate

Item Displayed Contents Remarks
Squitter Pulse On / Off / ppps pp/s
Equalizer Pulse On / Off
Clicking an area opens a pop up window where you can set values of Squitter /Equalizer Pulse

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Pulse and Equalizer Pulse.

Figure 3-31 Squitter / Equalizer Pulse setup window

System Configuration
System Delay of Transponder is displayed.

Figure 3-32 Squitter Pulse Rate

Clicking the area, a pop up window where you can set System Delay appears.

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Figure 3-33 Transponder Delay setup window

Transponder On/Off
On/Off status of DC/DC and Transponder is displayed.

Figure 3-34 Transponder On/Off status

Clicking the area, a pop up window where you can set Transponder and DC/DC On/Off
appears.

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Figure 3-35 Transponder On/Off setup window

Powers on DC/DC and LPA/HPA are controlled by DC/DC On/Off, and all units excluding
MON and RFG are controlled by Transponder On/Off.

Transponder Menu

Right-clicking Transponder window, two items below appears.

Write to EEPROM

The present set values at Transponder are saved at TCU EEPROM.

Print…
The present set values at Transponder are printed.

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3.1.7. Monitor Window

3.1.7.1. Explanation of Monitor Window

Parameters and status measured at Monitor are displayed.

Figure 3-36 Basic Monitor Window

Status Display

Figure 3-37 Monitor status displayed

[Status] item displays the present status of Monitor. The status can be Normal, Bypassed, or
Unplugged. A Normal state is shown blue, a Bypassed yellow, and Unplugged black. [TXP1]
and [TXP2] display the state of the corresponding Transponder whether they’re Active or
Standby.

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Table 3-9 Basic Monitor status

Item Indication Remarks

Normal Green
Status Bypassed Yellow
Unplugged Black
Active Green
TXP1, TXP2
Standby Yellow

Clicking [Status] creates a window where you can switch MON mode. MON1 and MON2
mode is changed from Normal/Bypass to the opposite by clicking the MON mode switch.

Figure 3-38 MON Normal/Bypass mode setup window

Clicking [TXP1] or [TXP2] area creates a window for Transponder Changeover. If you want
to run Changeover, click [Changeover].

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Figure 3-39 Changeover window

Indication of measured values

Items measured from MON are indicated in horizontal bar as below. The white indicator
expresses the measured value visually, and the number in the bar is the measured value. If the
indicator is located in the red section, it means that MON is at the alarm state. At this
situation, the whole horizontal bar blinks in red and warns of the alarm.

Figure 3-40 measured value displayed

The authorized operator can set the maximum and minimum values of normal state. Wave the
cursor over the horizontal bar, and the arrow-shaped cursor turns hand-shaped. Left-clicking
at this time, a window where you can setup the alarm threshold is created.

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Figure 3-41 Alarm limits setup window

Input the lower and upper limit of normal states of TXP1 and TXP2. After setting values,
press [Send] button to apply those values to MON. If the set limits are correctly applied, you
will see ‘Success’ at the lower part of the window, otherwise ‘Fail’ will shown up.

3.1.7.2. Monitor Menu

Right-clicking at Monitor window, five items below appears.

Refresh
MON status query message is sent to LCU, and the values are refreshed.

Write to EEPROM
The present set values at Monitor are saved at MON EEPROM.

Bypass Mode…
A window where you can set up Normal/Bypass mode is created.

Print…
The present set values at Monitor are printed.

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Changeover
The system runs Changeover.

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3.1.8. Log Data Management Window

Various events data of MARU 310/320 system are saved at the flash memory SD card inside
LCU unit. RMMS/LMMS also saves the data of events (which occurs during it is connected
to the system) at the setup directory of the RMMS/LMMS PC. At History Log Window, you
can inquire about the log data at LCU, save the received log data at the local directory of PC,
and print them.

3.1.8.1. Explanation of log data management window

Figure 3-42 History Log Window

Inquiring about LCU log data

If you want to search for the recent records, Check [Recent records] item, and select the
number of recent log records you want, and then click [Get Log] button. You can cancel the
inquiring by clicking [Cancel] button.

To get logs of a specified date, check [Date] item, and select the date you want, and then
click [Get Log] button. You can cancel the inquiring by clicking [Cancel] button likewise.

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Save as…

The present displayed History Log on the window is saved as a file at the RMMS/LMMS PC.
The saved file can be opened at a text editor (like ‘Notepad’), and can be also read instantly
by clicking [Load…] button.

Load…

History log files saved at the RMMS/LMMS PC are loaded.

Print…

The present history log displayed on the window is printed.

Log Data Indication

No: The number of data.

Date: The date when the event occurred.
Time: The time when the event occurred.
Unit: The unit where the event occurred.
User: For a control event by a user, the logged-in user’s name is indicated. For an alarm
event, empty.
Type: ALARM’ for an alarm event, ‘CONTROL’ for a control event.
Description: Description of the event.

3.1.8.2. Log data management

Log data save format

History log is saved at LCU and RMMS/LMMS for the following format. The ‘date’ item is
omitted at RMMS/LMMS, for the log file is named as the corresponding date.

Table 3-10 Log data save Format

Data Time unit User type Description

2007-07-11 10:44:16 MON 1 ALARM Pulse Spacing Alarm(12usec)
2007-07-11 10:44:16 MON 1 ALARM Pulse Duration Alarm (28.2%)
2007-07-11 10:44:16 MON 2 ALARM Pulse Decay Alarm(NO IDENT)

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2007-07-11 10:44:25 TCU 1 CONTROL SDES ON.

2007-07-11 10:44:28 MON 1 ALARM 30Hz AM Alarm Cleared.
2007-07-11 10:44:31 MON 2 ALARM 30Hz AM Alarm Cleared.

RMMS/LMMS Log Data saving directory

When the RMMS/LMMS is running, the log data is saved at the following directory.

z Example of the Filename: 20050710.log

z Save Directory:
C:\Program Files\Mopiens\MARU 320\<Site Name>\Log
‘Site Name’ is the name of the connection configuration.

Recorded Events

Events recorded at the log data are as below.

z Log-in/Log-out
z Control
z Alarm defined by the system.
z Changeover

3.1.8.3. Measured item record

RMMS/LMMS also saves items measured at MON as a text file at regular intervals. The text
file can be loaded by a text editor or a spread sheet (like ‘MS Excel’). The file name is in the
form of <MON#>_<YYYYMMDD>.csv.

z Example of Filename : MON1_20050710.csv.

z Save Directory :
C:\Program Files\Mopiens\MARU 320\<Site Name>\Monitor

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The following items are recorded at a csv file.

Table 3-11 Contents of csv file

Item Remarks
Time Recorded time
TXP1 Frequency
TXP1 System Delay
TXP1 Pulse Spacing
TXP1 Pulse Duration
TXP1 Pulse Rising Time
TXP1 Pulse Decay Time
TXP1 Pulse Efficiency
TXP1 Forward Peak Power
TXP1 Reverse Peak Power
TXP1 IDENT Code
TXP2Frequency
TXP2 System Delay
TXP2 Pulse Spacing
TXP2 Pulse Duration
TXP2 Pulse Rising Time
TXP2 Pulse Decay Time
TXP2 Pulse Efficiency
TXP2 Forward Peak Power
TXP2 Reverse Peak Power
TXP2 IDENT Code
Interrogation Pulse Spacing
Interrogation Pulse Duration
Interrogation Pulse Rising Time
Interrogation Pulse Decay Time
Interrogation Pulse Rate
Cause of Changeover Cause of changeover
Active Transponder Transponder number in active state

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3.1.9. Program Menu

Using items at the menu which is located at the upper part of the program provides you
additional functions to operate MARU 310/320 system. The menu is composed of the
following items.

3.1.9.1. File Menu

File
Save Parameters
Load Parameters
Print…
Print Setup…
Exit

Figure 3-43 File menu

Save Parameters
Set values of Transponder and Monitor are saved as a file.

Load Parameters
The saved file of set values is loaded to be applied.

Print…
Set values of Transponder and the received values from Monitor are printed.

Print Setup…
Set up for the printer.

Exit
The program is closed.

3.1.9.2. Window Menu

Window
Main Window
Transponder1
Transponder2

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Monitor1
Monitor2
System
History Log

Figure 3-44 Window Menu

Clicking an item will guide you to the corresponding window. It has the same function with
the Menu Bar.

3.1.9.3. Calibration Menu

Calibration
MON Calibration…
TXP Calibration…

Figure 3-45 Calibration menu

MON Calibration…

Measured values at MON are adjusted by using an accurate measuring instrument. (TBD)

TXP Calibration…

Set values of Transponder are adjusted. (TBD)

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3.1.9.4. Tool Menu

Tool
Monitor >> MON Operation Mode...
csv file saving interval
Average number

Transponder >> Changeover

Shutdown Active TXP
Shutdown Standby TXP

System >> System reset

Time Synchronization
Automatic Logout Time
Clear shutdown status

Account Management…
PC Alarm Sound Mute
Show Alarm Popup Window

Figure 3-46 Tool menu

Monitor >>

MON Operation Mode…

Mode of a MON is changed from Normal/Bypass to the opposite.

csv file saving interval

Interval to save measured values at MON at the PC is set.

Average Number
The number of measurements at MON to get the average is set.

Transponder >>

Changeover

Run Changeover.

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Shutdown Active TXP

Active Transponder is Shutdown.

Shutdown Standby TXP

Standby Transponder is Shutdown.

System >>

System Reset

The system is reset.

Time Synchronization

The time of LCU, RMMS/LMMS PC are synchronized.

Automatic Logout Time

If no action at LMMS occurs for a specified time, LMMS automatically logs-out and the
control authority is handed over to RMMS. The specified time, automatic log-out time is set.

Clear Shutdown Status

Clear the system status when shutdown. You can get the same result by switching MON
mode to Bypass and then Normal.

Account Management

Users’ accounts can be created and deleted, and users’ passwords can be changed.
Information for user accounts is stored at LCU. Accessible only for level 3 user.

PC Alarm Sound Mute

If checked, even when an alarm rises, alarm sound is suppressed.

Show Alarm Popup Window

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If checked, when an alarm rises, a pop up window to inform an alarm is created.

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3.2. CSP

3.2.1. Summary of CSP

CSP (Control Status Panel) provides an interface with which the operator can get the
information of the system and control the system without external equipments(like
LMMS/RMMS.)

3.2.2. Appearance of CSP

The figure below shows the external appearance of CSP in MARU 310/320 system.

Figure 3-47 The front of CSP in MARU 310/320 system

3.2.2.1. Control & Mute

In CSP, 7 Buttons are used to control the system. Functions of those are as follows.

Table 3-12 Control & Mute buttons

Button Function
The window moves from the initial window to the main menu window. If it
MENU
was in a submenu, it moves to the upper menu.
LOCAL Control of the system is changed from Local/remote to the opposite.
CHOV Transponder Changeover.
, Move the selection to the left/right.
SET (Select) Select, or complete the set up.
MUTE Stop the alarm sound.

3.2.2.2. TXP Lamp

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There are 3 Transponder Lamps for each TXP.

Details of each lamp are as follows.

Table 3-13 TXP Lamp

Classification Color Description

MAIN GREEN Lighted when TXP is in Active state.
Lighted when the TXP is in Standby state (connected to dummy
STDBY ORANGE
load.)
FAULT RED Lighted when the TXP is shutdown, or an error has occurred.

3.2.2.3. MON Lamp

There are 3 MON Lamps for each MON.

Details of each lamp are as follows.

Table 3-14 MON Lamp

Classification Color Description

NORMAL GREEN Lighted when MON is in Active state.
BYPASS ORANGE Lighted when MON is Bypassed.
ALARM RED Lighted when an error has occurred.

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3.2.3. Features of CSP

The CSP menu is composed of the main screen and 7 menus.

At the main screen, basic information of the system measured at MON is displayed. Those
are Reply Efficiency, Pulse Rate, Reply Delay, Pulse Spacing, Pulse Duration, Pulse Rise
Time, Pulse Decay Time, FWD Peak Power and RVS Peak Power.

Main Screen

Quick Menu Alarm Transponder Monitor System Power Information

Supply

Figure 3-48 Main Screen composition

Table 3-15 Main Menu

Menu Description
Bypass Menu To select MON active or bypass.

To avoid inconvenience, shortcuts to frequently used items can be created at Quick

Quick Menu
Menu. A user can easily add or delete his/her own user menu.
Alarm status of each unit and BITE are displayed. Alarm menu is composed of
Alarm Transponder1, Transponder2, Monitor 1, Monitor 2, Presence Detect, System, Power
Supply, and Environment menu.
Transponder Frequency of the system and general signal configuration can be set up.
Monitor Values measured at MON1,and MON2 are displayed.
System configuration can be saved and recovered. Changeover, antenna control, Fan
control, and system status inquiry are available. System menu is composed of Save &
System
Restore, System Control, Changeover, Fan Control, Presence Detect, Temperature,
Environment, Audio, VOR Interface, and LCU Configuration.
Power Supply Status and measured current/voltage values of Power Supply units are displayed.

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Menu Description
Bypass Menu To select MON active or bypass.

Basic information of each unit is displayed. Date and time information of the system is
Information
also displayed.

Main Screen Display

Important parameters measured at MON1 and MON2 are displayed on the Main Screen. Also,
the present time and the present control mode (remote/local) are displayed at the upper part
of the CSP LCD.

List of the important parameters measured at MON1 and MON2 are as below.

„ Reply Efficiency
„ Pulse Rate
„ Replay Delay
„ Pulse Spacing
„ Pulse Duration
„ Pulse Rise Time
„ Pulse Decay Time
„ FWD Peak Power
„ RVS Peak Power

Initial Main Screen of CSP LCD looks as below.

MARU 310 2008-00-00 00:00:00 TX1 LOC

MON1 MON2
Reply Efficiency 0.0% 0.0%
Pulse Rate 000pp/s 000pp/s
Reply Delay 00.0us 00.0us
Pulse Spacing 00.0us 00.0us
To enter menu press MENU

Figure 3-49 Main Screen

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Clicking [MENU] button will guide you to the Main Menu. Clicking [MENU] button again,
it returns to the initial Main Screen.

Figure 3-50 Main Menu

At the Main Menu, you can use ( , ) buttons to move, and select a menu with [SET]
button. Clicking [MENU] button in a submenu will take you to the upper menu.

Notification Message

When you control the system or read status of the system through CSP, a Notification
Message may appear to inform you about the current status or about your actions.

Below are presented various events in which a Notification Message is displayed.

Table 3-16 List of Notification Messages

Notification Message Description

MENU LEVEL Error!! Wrong menu access.
Parameter value was applied A new set value applied.
Parameter value was save A new set value saved.
Parameter value was reloaded A new set value reloaded.

Time to keep pressing the CSP Changeover button to

Press during x sec do changeover changeover
Changeover command sending failed! Cannot changeover
ID code is null value! ID Code is not set.
Alarm silence applied Alarm silence applied
Alarm silence does not effect Alarm silence retracted

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Notification Message Description

Local user is controlling the system under control of
Under control of REMOTE user remote user.
Auto change to REMOTE control Control moves to remote user
Communication failure occurred! Communication error with TCU1, TCU2, MON1, MON2
TCU1 removed! TCU1 removed
TCU2 removed! TCU2 removed
TCU1,2 removed! TCU1 and TCU2 removed
TCU1 communication error! Communication error with TCU1
TCU2 communication error! Communication error with TCU2
TCU1,2 communication error! Communication error with TCU1 and TCU2
MON1 removed! MON1 removed
MON2 removed! MON2 removed
MON1,2 removed! MON1 and MON2 removed
MON1 communication error! Communication error with MON1
MON2 communication error! Communication error with MON2
MON1,2 communication error! Communication error with MON1 and MON2
MON unit is activated! MON activated
System is shutdown state! System shutdown
Can not know TX ACT state! Active Transponder is not identified
Sending log data to user (REM/LOC) Log data is being sent to Remote/Local user
User menu is full! Max user menu is 16 16 max user menu is full
User menu is null! No user menu to delete
Can’t edit menu. Refer to manual! Set up unavailable
System is processing Ground Error Check!! GEC is working

The following figures are examples of Notification Messages.

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Figure 3-51 TCU1 Power Off message

Figure 3-52 Alarm silence retracted message

Figure 3-53 Set value applied message

Confirm Message

If the menu requests a user to select YES or NO according to setup value at a time of control
through CSP, the Confirm Message is displayed.

Below are presented various menus in which Confirm Messages are displayed.

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Quick Menu > add a user menu

Quick Menu > delete a user menu
System>System Control>TX1 ON/OFF select
System>System Control>TX2 ON/OFF select
System>System Control>System Reset
System>System Control>Clear Shutdown State
System>Changeover>Run Changeover
System>LCU Configuration>Lamp Test

The following figure is an example of the Confirm Message.

Figure 3-54 Changeover Confirm Message

Setup Screen – String

String Setup screen appears when a string value is to be set through CSP.

Figure 3-55 Setup Screen – String

Actions for CSP buttons are as follows

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, : Changing a character
MENU : Moving left. If the cursor is leftmost, it returns to the previous menu canceling
the setup.
SET : Moving right. If the cursor is on the ‘ ’(space), the set up is completed.

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Setup Screen – Integer

Integer Setup screen appears when an integer value is to be set through CSP.

Figure 3-56 Setup Screen – Integer

Actions for CSP buttons are as follows

, : Changing the number

MENU : It returns to the previous menu canceling the setup.
SET :The set up is completed.

Setup Screen – Decimal Number

Decimal Setup screen appears when a decimal number value is to be set through CSP.

Figure 3-57 Setup Screen – Decimal Number

Actions for CSP buttons are as follows

, : Changing the number

MENU : Moving left. If the cursor is leftmost, it returns to the previous menu canceling
the setup.
SET : Moving right. If the cursor is rightmost, the set up is completed.

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Setup Screen – Selection

Selection Setup screen appears when you have to select value among several choices.

Figure 3-58 Setup Screen – Selection

Actions for CSP buttons are as follows

, : Changing the selection

MENU : It returns to the previous menu canceling the setup.
SET : The set up is completed.

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3.2.4. Bypass Menu

Users can make to set MON to Active mode or Bypass mode by this menu..

Figure 3-59 Bypass Menu

. Initial submenus of Bypass menu are as follows

Table 3-17 Bypass Menu> submenus

Submenu Description
MON1 Bypass Set MON1 to Active or Bypass.
MON2 Bypass Set MON2 to Active or Bypass.

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3.2.4.1. Quick Menu

Users can make shortcuts (user quick menu) at Quick Menu for their own convenience. User
quick menus can be instantly added or deleted by users.

Figure 3-60 Quick Menu

Initial Quick menu is composed of Add Menu and Delete Menu. The number of submenus
may increase if any user quick menu is added. Initial submenus of Quick menu are as follows.

Table 3-18 Quick Menu> submenus

Submenu Description

Add Menu Add a user quick menu

Delete Menu Delete a user quick menu

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3.2.4.2. Alarm Menu

Alarm menu displays system alarm and BITE result of each unit.

Figure 3-61 Alarm menu

Submenus of Alarm menu are as follows.

Table 3-19 Alarm> submenus

Submenu Description
PLL Status, LPA Status, HPA Status, DC/DC Status, RXU BITE, Power,
Transponder1, 2 Duration1, Durtaion2, Decay1, Deacay2, Rising1, Rising2, PulseLevel1,
PulseLevel2, PRF and Spacing displayed.
MON Sensitivity, TXP1 Measurement, TXP2 Measurement, RFG Measurement,
Monitor1, 2
IDENT code, Ant Delay, Space,PLL status and EXTROM status displayed.
Presence Detect Installation status of each unit is displayed (installed/removed).
Automatic Shutdown status, TCU1/TCU2/MON1/MON2 communication status,
System EEPROM Status, LPA1/LPA2/HPA1/HPA2 Temperature, Fan condition and
whether the space for Log Data is enough are displayed.
AC supply condition, installation status and module condition of AC/DC1,2 and
Power Supply
DC/DC1,2 and battery switch status are displayed.
With sensors for temperature/fire/intrusion detection are set, information by each
Environment
sensor is displayed.

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Transponder 1 PLL Status LPA Status HPA Status DC/DC Status

Alarm
Transponder 2 RXU BITE EEPROM

TXP1 Delay TXP2 Delay TXP1 Space TXP2 Space

Monitor 1
TXP1 DUR TXP2 DUR TXP1 Rising TXP2 Rising
Monitor 2
TXP1 Decay TXP2 Decay TXP1 EFFI TXP2 EFFI

TXP1 PP/S TXP2 PP/S TXP1 FREQ TXP2 FREQ

MON TXP1 FWD TXP2 FWD RFG PLL

Sensitivity PWR PWR

IDENT Code EEPROM

Presence SD CARD FAN TX1 HPA TX1 LPA

Detect
TX2 HPA TX1 LPA TCU1 TCU2

TXU1 TXU2 RXU1 RXU2

MON1 MON2 RFG1 RFG2

AC/DC1 AC/DC2 DC/DC1 DC/DC2

BAT1 BAT2

System Automatic TCU1 TCU2 MON1

Shutdown Communication Communication Communication

MON2 LPA1 LPA2

CSP Operation
Communication temperature Temperature

HPA1 HPA2 FAN Full Log Data

Temperature Temperature

Power Supply AC/DC1 AC/DC2 DC/DC1 DC/DC2

Battery1 Battery2

Environment Shelter Door Fire detect

Figure 3-62 Alarm menu map

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Transponder 1 and Transponder 2

Alarm>Transponder 1/2 menu displays BITE results and alarm status of the pertinent
Transponder.

Figure 3-63 Alarm > Transponder 1/2 >

Substances displayed at Alarm>Transponder 1/2 menu are as follows.

Table 3-20 Alarm > Transponder 1 / 2 > items

Item Displayed contents Description

PLL Status Normal / FAIL PLL status
LPA Status Normal / FAIL LPA status
HPA Status Normal / FAIL HPA status
DC/DC Status Normal / FAIL DC/DC status
RXU BITE Normal / FAIL RXU BITE status
EEPROM Normal / ALARM EEP status

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Monitor 1 and Monitor 2

Alarm>Monitor 1/2 menu displays the status of alarm which rises when the value measured
in the pertinent Monitor exceeds the limit.

Figure 3-64 Alarm > Monitor 1/2 >

Substances displayed at Alarm>Monitor 1/2 menu are as follows.

Table 3-21 Alarm > Monitor 1 / 2 > items

Item Displayed contents Description

MON Sensitivity Normal / FAIL MON status
TXP1 Delay Normal / ALARM TXP1 Delay status
TXP2 Delay Normal / ALARM TXP2 Delay status
TXP1 Space Normal / ALARM TXP1 Space status
TXP2 Space Normal / ALARM TXP2 Space status
TXP1 DUR Normal / ALARM TXP1 Duration status
TXP2 DUR Normal / ALARM TXP2 Duration status
TXP1 Rising Normal / ALARM TXP1 Rising status
TXP2 Rising Normal / ALARM TXP2 Rising status
TXP1 Decay Normal / ALARM TXP1 Decay status
TXP2 Decay Normal / ALARM TXP2 Decay status
TXP1 FWD PWR Normal / ALARM TXP1 Forward Power status
TXP2 FWD PWR Normal / ALARM TXP2 Forward Power status
TXP1 EFFI Normal / ALARM TXP1 Efficiency status
TXP2 EFFI Normal / ALARM TXP2 Efficiency status
TXP1 PP/S Normal / ALARM TXP1 PP/S status
TXP2 PP/S Normal / ALARM TXP2 PP/S status

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TXP1 FREQ Normal / ALARM TXP1 Frequency status

TXP2 FREQ Normal / ALARM TXP2 Frequency status
IDENT Code Normal / ALARM IDENT Code status
RFG PLL Normal / ALARM RFG PLL status
EEPROM Normal / ALARM ROM status

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Presence Detect

Alarm>Presence Detect menu displays installation status of units of the system.

Figure 3-65 Alarm > Presence Detect >

Substances displayed at Alarm>Presence Detect menu are as follows.

Table 3-22 Alarm > Presence Detect > items

Item Displayed contents

SD CARD Installed / REMOVED
FAN Installed / REMOVED
TX1 HPA Installed / REMOVED
TX1 LPA Installed / REMOVED
TX2 HPA Installed / REMOVED
TX2 LPA Installed / REMOVED
TCU1 Installed / REMOVED
TCU2 Installed / REMOVED
TXU1 Installed / REMOVED
TXU2 Installed / REMOVED
RXU1 Installed / REMOVED
RXU2 Installed / REMOVED
MON1 Installed / REMOVED
MON2 Installed / REMOVED
RFG1 Installed / REMOVED
RFG2 Installed / REMOVED
AC/DC1 Installed / REMOVED
AC/DC2 Installed / REMOVED

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DC/DC1 Installed / REMOVED

DC/DC2 Installed / REMOVED
BAT1 Installed / REMOVED
BAT2 Installed / REMOVED

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System

Alarm>System menu displays the alarm status issued from the entire system.

Figure 3-66 Alarm > System >

Substances displayed at Alarm>System menu are as follows.

Table 3-23 Alarm > System > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Automatic Shutdown Normal or SHUTDOWN Automatic Shutdown

CSP Operation Normal or FAULT States of CSP
TCU1 Communication Normal/FAIL/REMOVED Communication error between LCU and
TCU1
TCU2 Communication Normal/FAIL/REMOVED Communication error between LCU and
TCU2
MON1 Communication Normal/FAIL/REMOVED Communication error between LCU and
MON1
MON2 Communication Normal/FAIL/REMOVED Communication error between LCU and
MON2
EEPROM Status Normal or FAULT States of EEPROM
LPA1 Temperature Normal or FAULT States of LPA1
LPA2 Temperature Normal or FAULT States of LPA2
HPA1 Temperature Normal or FAULT States of HPA1
HPA2 Temperature Normal or FAULT States of HPA2
Fan Normal or FAULT States of Fan
Full Log Data Normal or ALARM Space for Log Data is enough/not
enough.

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Power Supply

Alarm>Power Supply menu displays alarms issued from PSU. If AC is not supplied,
AC/DC1/2 is indicated as ‘----’.

Figure 3-67 Alarm > Power Supply >

Substances displayed at Alarm>Power Supply menu are as follows.

Table 3-24 Alarm > Power Supply > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

AC/DC1 Normal/FAULT/---- AC/DC1 status display

AC/DC2 Normal/FAULT/---- AC/DC2 status display
DC/DC1 Normal/FAULT DC/DC1 status display
DC/DC2 Normal/FAULT DC/DC2 status display
Battery1 ON or OFF Battery1 status display
Battery2 ON or OFF Battery2 status display

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Environment

Alarm>Environment menu displays alarms sensed in the shelter.

Figure 3-68 Alarm > Environment >

Substances displayed at Alarm>Environment menu are as follows.

Table 3-25 Alarm > Environment > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Shelter Door OPENED or CLOSED Shelter Door status

Fire Detect FIRE DETECTED! or Fire detecting sensor status
NORMAL

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3.2.4.3. Transponder

Transponder menu provides setup for power, frequency and other general configurations of
Transponder.

Figure 3-69 Transponder menu

Submenus of Transponder menu are as follows.

Table 3-26 Transponder > Submenus

Submenu Description
TXP1 Status inquiry and parameter setup for Transponder 1
TXP2 Status inquiry and parameter setup for Transponder 2

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TXP1
Operation
Channel
FREQ
TXP2

IDENT IDENT Code IDENT Mode TX IDENT

Keying

Echo Supp SDES Function LDES Function

SDES Duration LDES Duration

Power Gaussian

DC/DC DC/DC

Sys Config System Delay Dead Time

Pulse rate Squitter Equalizer Squitter Pulse

Function Function

Figure 3-70 Transponder menu map

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TXP1 and TXP2

Transponder>TXP1/2 menu displays Transponder1/2 values and provides setup for

configurations. If a TCU is not installed, the pertinent submenus are not accessible.

Figure 3-71 Transponder > TXP1/2 >

Submenus of TXP1/2 menu are as follows.

Table 3-27 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Submenus

Submenu Description
Operation FREQ Operation frequency set
IDENT IDENT code set
Echo SUPP Echo suppression set
Power Power set
DC/DC DC/DC on/off control
SYS CONFIG System delay, Dead time set
Pulse rate Squitter Function, Equalizer Function, Squitter Pulse

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TXP1 / 2 > Operation FREQ

Transponder>TXP1/2>Operation FREQ menu provides Channel setup. If a communication

error occurs at the pertinent TCU, items are indicated as ‘----’.

Figure 3-72 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Operation FREQ >

Substances displayed or set at Transponder>TXP1/2>Operation FREQ menu are as follows.

Table 3-28 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Operation FREQ > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Channel X or Y mode
Operation frequency
1 ~ 126 channel

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TXP1 / 2 > IDENT

Transponder>TXP1/2>IDENT menu provides setup for IDENT Code, IDENT mode and
On/Off of TXP IDENT keying. If a communication error occurs at the pertinent TCU, items
are indicated as ‘----’. If the TCU is not installed, status display value on the right is not
displayed.

Figure 3-73 Transponder> TXP1 > IDENT >

Substances that can be set at Transponder>TXP1/2>IDENT menu are as follows.

Table 3-29 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > IDENT > Items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

IDENT Code A~Z 3 or 4 English letters
IDENT Mode INDEPENDENT, One of the 4 IDENT modes
Associated,MASTER
Associated,SLAVE
TEST
TX IDENT Keying On / Off

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TXP1 / 2 > Echo SUPP

Transponder>TXP1/2>Echo SUPP menu provides setup for SDES/LDES Function and

SDES/LDES Duration. If a communication error occurs at the pertinent TCU, items are
indicated as ‘----’. If the TCU is not installed, status display value on the right is not
displayed.

Figure 3-74 Transponder> TXP1/2 > Echo SUPP >

Substances that can be set at Transponder>TXP1/2>Echo Supp menu are as follows.

Table 3-30 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Echo SUPP > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

SDES Function On / Off Short distance echo suppression on/off
LDES Function On / Off Long distance echo suppression on/off
SDES Duration 0 ~ 75 us SDES duration setup
LDES Duration 0 ~ 75 us LDES duration setup

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TXP1 / 2 > Power

Transponder>TXP1/2>Power menu provides setup for the Gaussian pulse output. If a

communication error occurs at the pertinent TCU, items are indicated as ‘----’. If the TCU is
not installed, status display value on the right is not displayed.

Figure 3-75 Transponder > TXP1 > Power >

Substances that can be set at Transponder>TXP1/2>Power menu are as follows.

Table 3-31 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Power > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Gaussian 0 ~ 120W (MARU 310)
Output setup
0 ~ 1.2KW(MARU 320)

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TXP1 / 2 > DC/DC

Transponder>TXP1/2>DC/DC menu provides DC/DC On/Off control. If a communication

error occurs at the pertinent TCU, or if the TCU is not installed, the menu is not accessible.

Figure 3-76 Transponder > TXP1 > DC/DC >

Substances that can be set at Transponder>TXP1/2>DC/DC menu are as follows.

Table 3-32 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > DC/DC > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

DC/DC On / Off DC/DC On/Off control

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TXP1 / 2 > Sys CONFIG

Transponder>TXP1/2>Sys CONFIG menu provides setup for System Delay and Dead Time.
If a communication error occurs at the pertinent TCU, or if the TCU is not installed, the menu
is not accessible.

Figure 3-77 Transponder > TXP1/2 > Sys CONFIG >

Substances that can be set at Transponder>TXP1/2>Sys CONFIG menu are as follows.

Table 3-33 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Sys CONFIG > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

System Delay 0 ~ 75 us System delay setup
Dead Time 0 ~ 75 us Dead time setup

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TXP1 / 2 > Pulse rate

Transponder>TXP1/2>Pulse rate menu provides setup for Squitter Pulse On/Off, Equalizer
Pulse On/Off and the number of Squitter Pulse. If a communication error occurs at the
pertinent TCU, items are indicated as ‘----’. If the TCU is not installed, status display value
on the right is not displayed.

Figure 3-78 Transponder > TXP1/2 > Pulse rate >

Substances that can be set at Transponder>TXP1/2>Pulse rate menu are as follows.

Table 3-34 Transponder > TXP1 / 2 > Pulse rate >items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Squitter Function On / Off Squitter Pulse On/Off
Equalizer Function On / Off Equalizer Pulse On/Off
Squatter Pulse 700 ~ 1500 ppps Number of Squatter Pulse

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3.2.4.4. Monitor

Monitor menu displays values measured in MON1/2 and provides setup for the alarm limits.

Figure 3-79 Monitor menu

Submenus of Monitor menu are as follows.

Table 3-35 Monitor> Submenus

Submenu Description
MON1 Monitor 1 setup and status display
MON2 Monitor 2 setup and status display

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MON1 TXP1 Delay TXP2 Delay TXP1 Space TXP2 Space

Status
TXP1 DUR TXP2 DUR TXP1 Rising TXP2 Rising
MON2
TXP1 Decay TXP2 Decay TXP1 EFFI TXP2 EFFI

TXP1 PP/S TXP2 PP/S TXP1 FREQ TXP2 FREQ

MON TXP1 FWD TXP2 FWD

Sensitivity PWR PWR RFG PLL

IDENT Code EEPROM

IDENT Code

TXP1 Report Pulse Rise Pulse Decay FWD Peak

Time Time Power
TXP2 Report Pulse Duration Frequency
Reply Reply Rate
Efficiency
Pulse Spacing Reply Delay

TXP1 Limits Reply Delay Reply Delay

Pulse SPC UP Pulse SPC LO
UP LO
TXP2 Limits
Pulse Decay Pulse Decay FWD Power FWD Power
UP LO UP LO

Pulse DUR UP Pulse DUR LO Reply Rate UP Reply Rate LO

Reply EFFI UP Reply EFFI LO Pulse Rise UP Pulse Rise LO

Frequency UP Frequency LO

Figure 3-80 Monitor menu map

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MON1 and MON2

Monitor>MON1/2 menu displays measured values and status from each MON and provides
alarm limits setup. If the pertinent MON is not installed, the menu is not accessible.

Figure 3-81 Monitor > MON1/2 >

Submenus of Monitor>MON1/2 are as follows.

Table 3-36 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > Submenus

Submenu Description
Status Normal/Alarm of the measured values
IDENT Code Decoded IDENT Code
TXP1 Report TXP1 status display
TXP2 Report TXP2 status display
TXP1 Limits TXP1 normal range
TXP2 Limits TXP2 normal range

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MON1 / 2 > Status

Monitor>MON1/2>Status menu displays measurement value alarm of Monitor and self-

diagnosis alarm status. If a communication errors occur in the pertinent MON, it is indicated
as ‘----’.

Figure 3-82 Monitor > MON1 > Status >

Substances displayed at Monitor>MON1/2>Status menu are as follows.

Table 3-37 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > Status >items

Item Displayed contents and Description

range

MON Sensitivity Normal / FAIL MON Sensitivity display

TXP1 Delay Normal / ALARM TXP1 Delay display
TXP2 Delay Normal / ALARM TXP2 Delay display
TXP1 Space Normal / ALARM TXP1 Space display
TXP2 Space Normal / ALARM TXP2 Space display
TXP1 Durat Normal / ALARM TXP1 Duration display
TXP2 Durat Normal / ALARM TXP2 Duration display
TXP1 Rising Normal / ALARM TXP1 Rising display
TXP2 Rising Normal / ALARM TXP2 Rising display
TXP1 Decay Normal / ALARM TXP1 Decay display
TXP2 Decay Normal / ALARM TXP2 Decay display
TXP1 Fwd Pwr Normal / ALARM TXP1 Forward Power display
TXP2 Fwd Pwr Normal / ALARM TXP2 Forward Power display
TXP1 EFFI Normal / ALARM TXP1 Efficiency display
TXP2 EFFI Normal / ALARM TXP2 Efficiency display

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TXP1 PP/S Normal / ALARM TXP1 PP/S display

TXP2 PP/S Normal / ALARM TXP2 PP/S display
TXP1 FREQ Normal / ALARM TXP1 Frequency display
TXP2 FREQ Normal / ALARM TXP2 Frequency display
IDENT Code Normal / ALARM IDENT Code display
RFG PLL Normal / ALARM RFG PLL status display
EEPROM Normal / ALARM EEPROM display

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MON1 / 2 > IDENT Code

Monitor>MON1/2>IDENT Code menu displays IDENT Code. IDENT Code is displayed at

the menu. If a communication errors occur in the pertinent MON, it is indicated as ‘----’.

Figure 3-83 Monitor > MON1 > IDENT Code

Substances displayed at Monitor>MON1/2>IDENT Code menu are as follows.

Table 3-38 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > IDENT Code > item

Item Displayed contents and range Description

IDENT Code A~Z 3 or 4 English letters

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MON1 / 2 > TXP1 Report and TXP2 Report

Monitor>MON1/2>TXP1 Report menu displays TXP1 related measured values, and

Monitor>MON1/2>TXP2 Report menu displays TXP2 related measured values. If a
communication errors occur in the pertinent MON, items are indicated as ‘----’.

Figure 3-84 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > TXP1/2 Report >

Substances displayed at Monitor>MON1/2>TXP1 Report menu are as follows.

Table 3-39 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > TXP1 Report > items

Item unit Description

Reply Delay Reply Delay measured

Pulse Spacing Reply Pulse Spacing measured
Pulse Duration Reply Pulse Duration measured
Pulse Rise Time Reply Pulse Rise Time measured
Pulse Decay Time Reply Pulse Decay Time measured
FWD Peak Power W Transponder Forward Peak Power
measured
Reply Efficiency % Reply Efficiency measured
Reply Pulse Rate pp/s Reply Pulse rate measured
Frequency MHz Frequency in MHz

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MON1 / 2 > TXP1 Limits and TXP2 Limits

Monitor>MON1/2>TXP1 Limits menu provides set up for the range of normal values of
TXP1, and Monitor>MON1/2>TXP2 Limits menu provides set up for the range of normal
values of TXP2.

Figure 3-85 Monitor > MON1/2 > TXP1/2 Limits >

Substances that can be set at Monitor>MON1/2>TXP1/2 Limits menu are as follows.

Table 3-40 Monitor > MON1 / 2 > TXP1 Limits > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Reply Delay UP 0 ~ 100 Reply Pulse Delay upper limit setup
Reply Delay LO 0 ~ 100 Reply Pulse Delay lower limit setup
Pulse SPC UP 0 ~ 100 Reply Pulse Pair Spacing upper limit setup
Pulse SPC LO 0 ~ 100 Reply Pulse Pair Spacing lower limit setup
Pulse DUR UP 0 ~ 10 Reply Pulse Duration upper limit setup
Pulse DUR LO 0 ~ 10 Reply Pulse Duration lower limit setup
Pulse Rise UP 0 ~ 10 Reply Pulse Rise upper limit setup
Pulse Rise LO 0 ~ 10 Reply Pulse Rise lower limit setup
Pulse Decay UP 0 ~ 10 Reply Pulse Decay upper limit setup
Pulse Decay LO 0 ~ 10 Reply Pulse Decay lower limit setup
FWD Power UP 0 ~ 1000 W Reply Pulse Forward Peak Power upper limit
setup
FWD Power LO 0 ~ 1000 W Reply Pulse Forward Peak Power lower limit
setup
Reply EFFI UP 0 ~ 100 % Reply Efficiency upper limit setup
Reply EFFI LO 0 ~ 100 % Reply Efficiency lower limit setup
Reply Rate UP 0 ~ 8000 pp/s Reply Pulse rate upper limit setup
Reply Rate LO 0 ~ 8000 pp/s Reply Pulse rate lower limit setup

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Item Displayed contents and range Description

Frequency UP 9000.0000 ~ 1270.0000 MHz Frequency upper limit setup
Frequency LO 9000.0000 ~ 1270.0000 MHz Transponder Frequency lower limit setup

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System

System menu displays unit presence detect and environment status and provides saving and
restoring setup values, switching system control authority, controlling the system, and setup
for LCU operating configurations.

Figure 3-86 System menu

Submenus of System menu are as follows.

Table 3-41 System > Submenus

Submenu Description
Save & Restore Saves and restores setup value for each unit
Control authority change, reset, shutdown initiation, automatic logout time
System Control
setup
Changeover Mode Changeover Alarm time setup, MON operation mode setup
Changeover Changeover related setup
DC/DC control DCDC On/Off control
Fan Control Fan related setup
Presence Detect Presence Detect display
Temperature System temperature display
Environment Environment monitoring status display
Audio Audio related setup
VOR Interface VOR interface setup
LCU Configuration LCU operating configurations setup

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Save & Save & Restore Save & Restore Save & Restore Save & Restore
System Restore LCU TCU1 TCU2 MON1

Save & Restore

MON2

System Control LOCAL/REMO TX1 ON/OFF TX2 ON/OFF HOT/COLD

TE select Select Select Select

Clear Shutdown AUTO Change Changeover

System reset
State Time Time

Changeover CHOV Alarm Operation

Mode Time Mode

RUN MON1 CHOV

Chageover rpt
Changeover
MON2 CHOV Manual CHOV
rpt rpt

FAN Control FAN status

FAN
auto/manual
select

Config Manual
Mode

Config Auto FAN ON

Mode Temperature

DC/DC control DC/DC1 DC/DC2

Presence SD CARD FAN TX1 HPA RFG1

Detect
TX1 LPA TX2 HPA TX2 LPA RFG2

TCU1 TCU2 TXU1 TXU2

RXU1 RXU2 MON1 MON2

AC/DC1 AC/DC2 DC/DC1 DC/DC2

BAT1 BAT2

Temperature System TEMP SHDN TX1 HPA TX1 LPA

Overheat On/Off
TX2 HPA TX2 LPA

Environment Shelter TEMP Shelter door Fire detect Config

Envirnment

Audio ID Sound System Sound

VOR Interface Operation Line IDENT Line

LCU Config ETH Config COMM LAMP Test

Configuration Port Port

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Figure 3-87 System menu map

Save & Restore

System>Save & Restore menu provides saving or restoring set values of each unit. If the
pertinent unit is not installed, it the submenu is not accessible.

Figure 3-88 System > Save & Restore >

Substances that can be set at System>Save & Restore menu are as follows.

Table 3-42 System > Save & Restore > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Save & Restore LCU NO OPERATION Saving or restoring LCU parameters

Save & Restore TCU1 SAVE PARAMETER Saving or restoring TCU1 parameters
Save & Restore TCU2 RELOAD PARAMETER Saving or restoring TCU2 parameters
Save & Restore MON1 Saving or restoring MON1 parameters
Save & Restore MON2 Saving or restoring MON2 parameters

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System Control

System>System Control menu provides setup for system control authority, system reset,
shutdown status initiation and automatic logout time for remote users.

Figure 3-89 System > System Control >

Substances that can be set at System>System Control menu are as follows.

Table 3-43 System >System Control > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

LOCAL/REMOTE Select LOCAL / REMOTE System control authority setup

TX1 On/Off select ON/OFF TX1 ON/OFF select

TX2 On/Off select ON/OFF TX1 ON/OFF select

HOT/COLD select HOT/COLD HOT/COLD select

Clear Shutdown State YES / NO Shutdown status initiation

AUTO Change Time 1 ~ 600 min LOC -> REM auto change time

Changeover Time At once ~ 3sec Set changeover time by press CSP key
System Reset YES / NO Run system reset

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Changeover Mode
System>Changeover Mode menu provides setup for Changeover alarm time and MON
operation mode.

Fig. 2-1 System > Changeover Mode

Substances that can be set at System>Changeover Mode menu are as follows.

Table 3-44 System > Changeover Mode> items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

CHOV Alarm Time 1 ~ 60 second Automatic Changeover Time
Operation Mode AND / OR Mode Monitor AND / OR Mode

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Changeover

System>Changeover menu provides manual Changeover and displays Changeover reports.

Figure 3-90 System > Changeover >

Submenus of Changeover menu are as follows.

Table 3-45 System > Changeover > submenus

Submenu Displayed contents and range Description

RUN Changeover YES NO Run manual Changeover

Table 3-51
Report of previous automatic Changeover
MON1 CHOV report
by MON1

Table 3-51 Report of previous automatic Changeover

MON2 CHOV report
by MON2
Manual CHOV report Report of previous manual Changeover

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Changeover > MON1 CHOV Report and MON2 CHOV Report

System>Changeover>MON1/2 CHOV Report menu displays the cause of automatic

Changeover. If no automatic Changeover was run, it is indicated as ‘----’.

Figure 3-91 System > Changeover > MON 1/2 CHOV Report

Substances displayed at System>Changeover>MON 1/2 CHOV Report menu are as follows.

Table 3-46 System > Changeover > MON 1 / 2 CHOV Report menu> items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

TX1->TX2
Changeover Status Changeover direction
TX2->TX1
Changeover Date Date of Changeover
Changeover Time Time of Changeover
TXP1 Shutdown Status None/OCCURRED TXP1 Shutdown status
TXP2 Shutdown Status None/OCCURRED TXP2 Shutdown status
Reply Delay Error None/OCCURRED Reply Delay status
Pulse Spacing Error None/OCCURRED Pulse Spacing status
FWD Power Error None/OCCURRED FWD Power status
Frequency Error None/OCCURRED Frequency status
Pulse Rate Error None/OCCURRED Pulse Rate status
IDENT Code Error None/OCCURRED IDENT Code status

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Changeover > Manual CHOV Report

System>Changeover>Manual CHOV Report menu displays information on manual

Changeover. If no manual Changeover was run, it is indicated as ‘----’.

Figure 3-92 System > Changeover > Manual CHOV Report >

Substances displayed at Manual CHOV Report menu are as follows.

Table 3-47 System > Changeover > Manual CHOV Report > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

TX1->TX2
Changeover Status Changeover direction
TX2->TX1
Changeover Date Date of Changeover
Changeover Time Time of Changeover
LOCAL, REMOTE1,
Control Type Control Type indication
REMOTE2, CSP
User Information KeyPad, Viewer User information

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Fan Control

System>Fan Control menu displays Fan status and provides control on the Fan.

Figure 3-93 System > Fan Control >

Substances displayed or set at System>Fan Control menu are as follows.

Table 3-48 System > Fan Control > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Fan Status Normal/ALARM Fan operating status

Fan Auto/Manual Select AUTO/MANUAL Fan mode selection
Config Manual Mode On / Off Fan On/Off control
-55 ~ 125°C Auto mode configurations (temperature)
Config Auto Mode
setup

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Fan Control > Fan Status

System>Fan Control>Fan Status menu displays the alarm and operating status of the installed
Fan.

Figure 3-94 System > Fan Control > Fan Status >

Substances displayed at Fan Status menu are as follows.

Table 3-49 System > Fan Control > Fan Status > items

Item Displayed contents and Description

range

Fan Alarm Normal / FAIL Fan alarm

Fan Status ON / OFF Fan operating status

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Fan Control > Fan Auto/Manual Select

System>Fan Control>Fan Auto/Manual Select menu provides Fan operating mode switching.

Figure 3-95 System > Fan Control > Fan Auto/Manual Select >

Substances that can be set at System>Fan Control>Fan Auto/Manual Select menu are as
follows. .

Table 3-50 System > Fan Control > Fan Auto/Manual Select Mode > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Fan MODE AUTO/MANUAL AUTO/MANUAL mode setup

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Fan Control > CFG MAN Fan Mode

System>Fan Control>CFG MAN Fan Mode menu provides switching the Fan on/off when
the Fan is at manual mode.

Figure 3-96 System > Fan Control > CFG MAN Fan Mode >

Substances that can be controlled at CFG MAN Fan Mode menu are as follows.

Table 3-51 System > Fan Control > CFG MAN Fan Mode > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Fan On/Off ON / OFF Fan operating control

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Fan Control > CFG Auto Fan Mode

System>Fan Control>CFG Auto Fan Mode menu provides setup for Fan auto mode
configurations.

Figure 3-97 System > Fan Control > CFG Auto Fan Mode >

Substances that can be set at System>Fan Control>CFG Auto Fan Mode menu are as follows.

Table 3-52 System > Fan Control CFG Auto Fan Mode > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Fan Operation TEMP -55.0 ~ 125.0 Fan operating temperature setup

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DC/DC control
System>DC/DC menu provides On/Off switching of DC/DC.

Figure 3-98 System > DC/DC control

Substances that can be controlled at System> DC/DC menu are as follows.

Table 3-53 System > DC/DC control> items

Item Displayed contents and Description

range

DC/DC1 ON / OFF DC/DC1 operation

DC/DC2 ON / OFF DC/DC2 operation

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Presence Detect

System>Presence Detect menu displays installation status of units of the system.

Figure 3-99 System > Presence Detect >

Substances displayed at System>Presence Detect menu are as follows.

Table 3-54 System > Presence Detect > items

Item Displayed contents Description

SD CARD Installed/REMOVED SD CARD installation

Fan Installed/REMOVED Fan installation
TX1 HPA Installed/REMOVED TX1 HPA installation
TX1 LPA Installed/REMOVED TX1 LPA installation
TX2 HPA Installed/REMOVED TX2 HPA installation
TX2 LPA Installed/REMOVED TX2 LPA installation
TCU1 Installed/REMOVED TCU1 installation
TCU2 Installed/REMOVED TCU2 installation
TXU1 Installed/REMOVED MON1 installation
TXU2 Installed/REMOVED MON2 installation
RXU1 Installed/REMOVED RXU1 installation
RXU2 Installed/REMOVED RXU2 installation
MON1 Installed/REMOVED MON1 installation
MON2 Installed/REMOVED MON2 installation
RFG1 Installed/REMOVED RFG1 installation
RFG2 Installed/REMOVED RFG2 installation

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AC/DC1 Installed/REMOVED AC/DC1 installation

AC/DC2 Installed/REMOVED AC/DC2 installation
DC/DC1 Installed/REMOVED DC/DC1 installation
DC/DC2 Installed/REMOVED DC/DC2 installation
BAT1 Installed/REMOVED BATTERY1 installation
BAT2 Installed/REMOVED BATTERY2 installation

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Temperature

System>Temperature menu displays HPA and LPA temperature and provides setup for the
overheat temperature to shutdown the system.

Figure 3-100 System > Temperature >

Substances displayed or set at System>Temperature menu are as follows.

Table 3-55 System > Temperature > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

System Overheat -55.0 ~ 125.0 Overheat temperature setup

TEMP SHDN ON/OFF On / Off Auto shutdown by overheat setup
TX1 HPA -55.0 ~ 125.0 / TX1 HPA temperature display
REMOVED/NONE (NONE for MARU 310)
TX1 LPA -55.0 ~ 125.0 / TX1 LPA temperature display
REMOVED
TX2 HPA -55.0 ~ 125.0 / TX2 HPA temperature display
REMOVED /NONE (NONE for MARU 310)
TX2 LPA -55.0 ~ 125.0 / TX2 LPA temperature display
REMOVED

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Environment

System>Environment menu displays status of sensors at the Shelter, and provides sensor
installation setup.

Figure 3-101 System > Environment >

Submenus of System>Environment menu are as follows.

Table 3-56 System > Environment > submenus

Submenu Displayed contents and range Description

Shelter TEMP -55.0 ~ 125.0 /

Shelter temperature display
----
Shelter Door OPENED/CLOSED/ Shelter door display
----
Fire Detect NONE/FIRE/---- Shelter fire detection display
CONFIG Environment Sensor installation setup

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Environment > CFG ENV

System>Environment>CFG ENV menu provides setup for TEMP, Door and Fire sensor
installation.

Figure 3-102 System > Environment > CFG ENV >

Substances that can be set at System>Environment>CFG ENV menu are as follows.

Table 3-57 System > Environment > CFG ENV > items

Item Displayed contents Description

TEMP Sensor NONE/INSTALLED Temperature sensor installation setup
Door Sensor NONE/INSTALLED Door sensor installation setup
Fire Sensor NONE/INSTALLED Fire sensor installation setup

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Audio

System>Audio menu provides audio-related setup for the system.

Figure 3-103 System > Audio >

Substances that can be set at System>Audio menu are as follows.

Table 3-58 System > Audio > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

ID Sound FROM TCU1 ID sound setup

FROM TCU2
FROM MON1
FROM MON2
FROM ACTIVE TCU
OFF
System Sound ON / OFF System sound On/Off setup

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VOR Interface

System>VOR Interface provides setup for Interfaces if it operates in connection with the
VOR system.

Figure 3-104 System > VOR Interface >

Substances that can be set at System>VOR Interface menu are as follows.

Table 3-59 System > VOR Interface > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Operation Line SOURCE/SINK Operation Line setup

IDENT Line SOURCE/SINK IDENT Line setup

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LCU Configuration

System>LCU Configuration menu provides communication setup and CSP lamp test.

Figure 3-105 System > LCU Configuration >

Submenus of System>LCU Configuration menu are as follows.

Table 3-60 System > LCU Configuration > submenus

Submenu Displayed contents and range Description

Config ETH Port LCU Ethernet communication setup

Config COMM Port LCU communication setup
Lamp Test YES/NO Run Lamp Test

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LCU Configuration > CONFIG ETH Port

System>LCU Configuration>CONFIG ETH Port menu provides setup for LCU Ethernet
communication configurations.

Figure 3-106 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG ETH Port >

Substances that can be set at System>LCU Configuration>CONFIG ETH Port menu are as
follows.

Table 3-61 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG ETH Port> items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

IP address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx IP address setup

Subnet mask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Subnet mask setup
Gateway xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Gateway setup
LMMS IP xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx LMMS IP setup

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LCU Configuration > CONFIG COMM Port

System>LCU Configuration>CONFIG COMM Port menu displays communication status of

LCU and provides setup for the communication configurations.

Figure 3-107 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG COMM Port >

Substances displayed or set at System>LCU Configuration>CONFIG COMM Port menu are

as follows.

Table 3-62 System > LCU Configuration > CONFIG COMM Port> items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

LOCAL COMM BAUD 300 ~ 115200 bps LCU Local communication Baudrate setup
REM1 COMM BAUD 300 ~ 115200 bps REM1 communication Baudrate setup
REM2 COMM BAUD 300 ~ 115200 bps REM2 communication Baudrate setup
REM1 Line Type RS-232 REM 1 Line Type setup
LEASED LINE
DIAL-UP
REM2 Line Type RS-232 REM 2 Line Type setup
LEASED LINE
DIAL-UP
REM1 MODEM Status CONNECTED REM1 Modem connection status display
DISCONNECTED (N/A for RS-232)
N/A
REM2 MODEM Status CONNECTED REM2 Modem connection status display
DISCONNECTED (N/A for RS-232)
N/A
REM1 MODEM BAUD 300 ~ 115200 bps REM1 modem comm. Baudrate display
REM2 MODEM BAUD 300 ~ 115200 bps REM2 modem comm. Baudrate display

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3.2.4.5. Power Supply

Power Supply menu displays the status and output voltage/currents of PSU units.

Figure 3-108 Power Supply menu

Submenus of Power Supply menu are as follows.

Table 3-63 Power Supply items

Submenu Description
PSU Status AC/DC, DC/DC, battery status display
PSU Measurement AC/DC, DC/DC, battery voltage/current display

Figure 3-109 Power supply menu map

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PSU Status

Power Supply>PSU Status menu displays AC/DC, DC/DC and battery status.

Figure 3-110 Power Supply > PSU Status >

Substances displayed at Power Supply>PSU Status menu are as follows.

Table 3-64 Power Supply > PSU Status > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Normal / UNPLUGGED /
AC/DC1 module status
AC/DC1 Module ---- / MODULE FAIL /
If no AC supply, indicated as ‘----‘
INPUT FAIL
Normal / UNPLUGGED /
AC/DC2 module status
AC/DC2 Module ---- / MODULE FAIL /
If no AC supply, indicated as ‘----‘
INPUT FAIL
Normal / UNPLUGGED / DC/DC1 status
DC/DC1 Module
FAIL
Normal / UNPLUGGED / DC/DC2 status
DC/DC2 Module
FAIL
Normal / UNPLUGGED /
Battery1 Battery1 status
FAIL
Normal / UNPLUGGED /
Battery2 Battery2 status
FAIL

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PSU Measurement

Power Supply>PSU Measurement menu displays output voltage and current values of
AC/DC, DC/DC and battery units.

Figure 3-111 Power Supply > PSU Measurement >

Substances displayed at Power Supply>PSU Measurement menu are as follows.

Table 3-65 Power Supply > PSU Measurement > items

Item unit description

DC/DC1+50V Voltage V DC/DC1 +50V Voltage measured

DC/DC1 +50V Current A DC/DC1 +50V Current measured
DC/DC2 +50V Voltage V DC/DC2 +50V Voltage measured
DC/DC2 +50V Current A DC/DC2 +50V Current measured
AC/DC1 +27V Voltage V AC/DC1 +27V Voltage measured
AC/DC1 +27V Current A AC/DC1 +27V Current measured
AC/DC2 +27V Voltage V AC/DC2 +27V Voltage measured
AC/DC2 +27V Current A AC/DC2 +27V Current measured
Battery1 +27V Voltage V Battery1 +27V Voltage measured
Battery1 +27V Current A Battery1 +27V Current measured
Battery2 +27V Voltage V Battery2 +27V Voltage measured
Battery2 +27V Current A Battery2 +27V Current measured

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3.2.4.6. Information

Information menu displays the date and time of the system and basic information of each unit.

Figure 3-112 Information menu

Submenus of Information menu are as follows.

Table 3-66 Information > submenus

Submenu Description
DATE & TIME Setup and display of system Date & Time
LCU LCU information and SD card capacity display
TCU1 TCU1 information display
TCU2 TCU2 information display
MON1 MON1 information display
MON2 MON2 information display
RMU1-LCU RMU1-LCU information display
RMU2-LCU RMU2-LCU information display

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Date & Time System date System time Boot-Up date Boot-Up time
Information

LCU Unit version Software Serial number Unit ID

version

SD Card Total SD Card Free

Size Size

TCU1 Unit version Software Serial number Unit ID

version

TCU2 Unit version Software Serial number Unit ID

version

MON1 Unit version Software Serial number Unit ID

version

MON2 Unit version Software Serial number Unit ID

version

RMU1-LCU Unit version Software Serial number Unit ID

version

RMU2-LCU Unit version Software Serial number Unit ID

version

Figure 3-113 Information menu map

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DATE & TIME

Information>DATE & TIME menu provides setup of the system date and time and displays
the boot-up date and boot-up time of the system.

Figure 3-114 Information > Date & Time >

Substances displayed or set at Information> DATE & TIME menu are as follows.

Table 3-67 Information > DATE & TIME > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

System Date yyyy-mm-dd System date setup

System Time hh:mm:ss System time setup
Boot-up Date yyyy-mm-dd System boot-up date display
Boot-up Time hh:mm:ss System boot-up time display

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DATE & TIME > System Date

Information>DATE & TIME>System Date menu provides system date setup.

Figure 3-115 Information > Date & Time > System Date >

Substances that can be set at System Date menu are as follows.

Table 3-68 Information > Date & Time > System Date >items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

System Date 20yy-mm-dd System date setup

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DATE & TIME > System Time

Information>DATE & TIME>System Time menu provides system time setup.

Figure 3-116 Information > Date & Time > System Time >

Substances that can be set at System Time menu are as follows.

Table 3-69 Information > Date & Time > System Time > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

System Time hh:mm:ss System time setup

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LCU

Information>LCU menu displays LCU information.

Figure 3-117 Information > LCU >

Substances displayed at LCU menu are as follows.

Table 3-70 Information > LCU > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Unit VER Vxx.xx LCU HW version

S/W VER Vxx.xx.xxxx LCU SW version
S/N xxxx Serial Number
Unit ID LC Unit name
SD Card Total Size xxxx KB SD Card capacity display
SD Card Free Size xxxx KB SD Card available capacity display

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TCU1 and TCU2

Information>TCU1/2 menu displays TCU information.

Figure 3-118 Information > TCU1/2 >

Substances displayed at TCU1/2 menu are as follows.

Table 3-71 Information > TCU1 / 2 > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Unit VER Vxx.xx TCU HW version

S/W VER Vxx.xx.xxxx TCU SW version
S/N xxxx Serial Number
Unit ID T1 / T2 Unit name

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MON1 and MON2

Information>MON1/2 menu displays MON information.

Figure 3-119 Information > MON1/2 >

Substances displayed at MON1/2 menu are as follows.

Table 3-72 Information > MON1 / 2 > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Unit VER Vxx.xx MON HW version

S/W VER Vxx.xx.xxxx MON SW version
S/N xxxx Serial Number
Unit ID N1 / N2 Unit name

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RMU1-LCU and RMU2-LCU

Information>RMU1/2-LCU menu displays RMU information.

Figure 3-120 Information > RMU1/2 -LCU >

Substances displayed at RMU1/2 – LCU menu are as follows.

Table 3-73 Information > RMU1 / 2-LCU > items

Item Displayed contents and range Description

Unit VER Vxx.xx RMU HW version

S/W VER Vxx.xx.xxxx RMU SW version
S/N xxxx Serial Number
Unit ID RM1 / RM2 Unit name

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DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT

Technical Manual

VOLUME I
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION,
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

SECTION 4
MAINTENANCE

MOPIENS, INC.
Intentional Blank Page
 MARU 310/320 DME
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Volume I, Section 4

Table of Contents

Section 4. MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................... 4-1

4.1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................4-1
4.4.1. General ......................................................................................................................4-1
4.4.2. Design ........................................................................................................................4-1
4.4.3. Control and Monitoring .............................................................................................4-1
4.4.4. Fault Isolation ............................................................................................................4-2
4.4.5. Maintenance Planning ...............................................................................................4-2
4.2. Standards and Tolerances.......................................................................................................4-3
4.3. Periodic Maintenance ............................................................................................................4-4
4.4. Routine Tests .........................................................................................................................4-6
4.5. Routine maintenance .............................................................................................................4-7
4.5.1. Cleaning .....................................................................................................................4-7
4.5.2. Other Checks .............................................................................................................4-7
4.5.3. Antenna Installation Inspection .................................................................................4-7
4.5.4. Standby Operation Test ..............................................................................................4-8
4.6. Maintenance operation procedures using external instruments ...........................................4-10
4.6.1 Necessary Tools and Instruments.............................................................................4-10
4.6.2. Output Power Measurement ....................................................................................4-10
4.6.3. Pulse Shape, Pulse Spacing, and Reply Delay .........................................................4-13
4.6.4. Transponder Frequency Measurement .....................................................................4-15
4.6.5. Pulse Spectrum ........................................................................................................4-16
4.6.6. Transmission Rate....................................................................................................4-16
4.6.7. Monitor Interrogation - Pulse Shape, Pulse Spacing, and Peak Pulse Level ...........4-16
4.6.8. Power Supply Measurements...................................................................................4-17
4.6.9. Verification with Diagnostic Function .....................................................................4-18
4.6.10. Output Power Adjustment........................................................................................4-18
4.6.11. Monitor Detector Calibration Procedure .................................................................4-18
4.6.12. Transmitted Power Calibration Procedure ...............................................................4-19

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Volume I, Section 4

Section 4. MAINTENANCE
4.1. INTRODUCTION

4.4.1. General

This section provides all the information you will need to maintain MARU 310/320
Distance-Measuring Equipment (DME) ground equipment. It provides standards and
tolerances, maintenance requirements, required test equipment, performance check
procedures, information supporting station flight check, alignment and adjustment procedures,
and procedures for identifying and replacing faulty modules. It also provides procedures for
using external instruments (oscilloscopes, DVM, etc.) to confirm essential system parameters.

NOTE

Any procedures that are not part of normal

preventive maintenance should be used only at the
discretion of skilled maintenance personnel.

4.4.2. Design

The MARU 310/320 design includes state of the art techniques and parts that minimize the
equipment maintenance needs and maximize its life span:
ƒ Digital circuits and microprocessor-controlled transponders reduce periodic
maintenance requirements.
ƒ The main parameters are kept at their preset values for the life of the system, which
reduces drift from temperature variations and aging.
ƒ High-precision microprocessor-controlled monitors check the radiated signal and, if a
failure occurs, switch over to the standby transmitter or completely shut down the
system; consequently, the system does not emit faulty signals. Each monitor is a
completely programmable DME instrumentation set capable of performing all the tests
and checks required for routine maintenance and automatic diagnostics.
ƒ Built-in-test-equipment (BITE) simplifies maintenance tasks.(Module structure)
The advantage of this design is that your periodic maintenance intervals can be long and can
include a minimum of measurements.

4.4.3. Control and Monitoring

Since the equipment is not typically controlled by a local operator, we have designed it to be
easily monitored and controlled by a personal computer (PC). An operator can use the PC
keyboard and display, locally or remotely, to measure and control the main parameters of the
DME transponder and to perform built-in tests.

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4.4.4. Fault Isolation

The modules themselves offer the fastest method for identifying faults. Each module has a
light-emitting diode (LED) that is green during normal operation and red during failure.
Consequently, an on-site operator can very rapidly assess the status of the modules by
checking to make sure none of their LEDs are red. An off-site operator can troubleshoot
with the equipment’s built in DIAGNOSTIC function, which tests the modules and displays
the names of any that are faulty.
If one of the modules is faulty, it can be quickly and easily replaced since all the modules are
plug-in types and are easily accessed from the front of the cabinet.

4.4.5. Maintenance Planning

Plan your preventive maintenance activities according to local regulations. This section
provides recommendations for initial preventive maintenance schedules and activities.
Once you have confirmed that the system is stable, you can extend the maintenance intervals.

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4.2. Standards and Tolerances

The standards and tolerances for the MARU 310/320 are listed in below.

Parameter Lower Limit Standard Upper Limit

Reply delay Standard minus 0.2 Assigned at commissioning Standard plus

μs 0.2 μs
Reply coding Standard minus 0.1 Assigned at commissioning Standard plus
μs 0.1 μs
Reply efficiency 70% 95% ...
Transmitter power -3.0 dB of standard Assigned at commissioning ...
Radiated power -3.0 dB of standard Assigned at commissioning ...
Transmitter pulse rate 80 pulse pairs per Assigned at commissioning ...
second (PP/S) 700-5400 PP/S
below minimum
Transmitter pulse rise time 1 μs 1.5 μs 3 μs
Transmitter pulse width 3 μs 3.5 μs 4 μs
Transmitter pulse fall time 1 μs 1.5 μs 3 μs
Ident cycle time 25 s 30 s 35 s
Transmitter frequency -0.001% Nominal channel frequency +0.001%
50 / 27V DC Power supply 48 V 50 V 52 V
(MARU 310/320) 25 V 27 V 29 V
5 V supply(internal of unit) 4.75 V 5.00 V 5.25 V
-5V supply(internal of unit) -5.25 -5V -4.75V
15 V supply(internal of unit) 14.25 V 15.00 V 15.75 V
-15 V supply(internal of -15.75 V -15.00 V -14.25 V
unit)
AC supply 195 VAC 220 VAC 265 VAC

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4.3. Periodic Maintenance

Each parameter of the transponder on antenna is measured in real time by the monitor(s).
The monitors incorporate BITE to verify all aspects of system performance. These
instruments are constantly verified by their own self-checks, the monitor integrity check, for
example. So failures are detected automatically. If a monitor fails, it will shut itself off
and generate a failure message.

Performance checks and periodic maintenance for the MARU 310/320 DME should be
initially performed properly. Many performance checks consist of running preprogrammed
tests and comparing the results to previously recorded data.

The frequency of periodic maintenance can be reduced according to operator's requirements,

environmental conditions, and the practical experience collected over time.

Every parameter to be measured is associated with the corresponding limits according to

Annex 10, Doc. 8071 Part III DME International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
specifications, the standards and tolerances in paragraph 5.2, and manufacturer's data in
section 4.

The built-in tests are performed using a local or remote PC.

The parameters measured with the EXECUTIVE MONITORING and ROUTINE CHECK
programs may be viewed using the CHECKS menu.

In addition to the standard tests, the skilled operator may use the CONFIGURABLE
MEASUREMENT tests to create special tests (not provided by the system) necessary to
perform particular checks.

Before starting every maintenance procedure, it is useful to analyze any possible alarm or
warning condition which may have occurred from the last maintenance intervention so as to
perform more accurate controls on the parameters that show signs of degradation.

At the end of the maintenance procedures, print the last Routine Check and the data relating
to every measurement performed; compare them to the previous data and to the data obtained
upon installation.

The operator should test both transponders and should use the diagnostic function
(DIAGNOSTIC TEST) to do a final test on both of them.

For the shelter, air conditioner, and emergency battery (if applicable), observe the
manufacturer's maintenance recommendations.

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Procedure Initial Performance Interval* Comments

Routine tests Monthly Perform locally or remotely
using PC
Transponder frequency Annually Performed at DME facility
measurement
Power supply measurements Annually Performed at DME facility
Monitor operation, transfer, and Semiannually Performed at DME facility
shut-down performance
Operate station on standby Semiannually Performed at DME facility
batteries
Other general checks and Semiannually Performed at DME facility
maintenance

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4.4. Routine Tests

Routine performance tests verify the proper performance of the DME transponder and
monitor and should be part of periodic maintenance. All limits should conform to the
tolerances in table 5-1 or those dictated by local regulations. All tests must pass.

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4.5. Routine maintenance

WARNING

To avoid an electrical shock, make sure that the

equipment is turned off before you do any routine
maintenance.

4.5.1. Cleaning

Clean the outside and inside of the shelter, if necessary.

Clean the inside and outside of the equipment cabinet when necessary.

Always use a vacuum cleaner to avoid transferring dirt to DME cabinet during the cleaning.

CAUTION

Use only anti-static brushes and dusters. Also, use

only a soft cloth; do not use corrosive and abrasive
substances.

The CSP front panel may be damaged by some

types of cleaning chemicals. To remove dirt from
the CSP panel, moisten a cloth with ethyl alcohol,
glycol, or clean water and remove dirt.

Only dust the subassemblies in conjunction with the necessary removal of a subassembly and,
even then, only if you can see dust on them. If you dust them, use a vacuum cleaner if you
can; otherwise use a soft brush. During such operations, it is essential to observe all
precautionary measures for static-sensitive semiconductors.

4.5.2. Other Checks

Inspect all components to ensure that there is no damage, corrosion, or evidence of

overheating. Verify that all components are securely mounted and that all electrical
connections are secure.

4.5.3. Antenna Installation Inspection

Thoroughly inspect the antenna installation (mast, antenna cables and connectors, power
cable, and obstruction lights) for damage caused by corrosion or by rodents, termites, or other
pests. The frequency of inspections depends on the site’s environment.

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Make sure all RF cable connections (internal and external) are tight.

4.5.4. Standby Operation Test

These procedures provide for checking the station batteries and correcting any deficiencies
that may be found and should be performed as part of periodic maintenance.

WARNING

Flooded batteries generate an explosive gas under

normal operating conditions. Take care to avoid
creating sparks that could ignite this gas. Ensure
that no tools or other metal objects can fall onto the
batteries or otherwise contact the batteries and
cause a short. Batteries contain a very corrosive
electrolyte that can cause serious injury to the skin
and eyes. Wear proper protective clothing and eye,
hand, and face protection when working with the
batteries.

ƒ Inspect each battery and verify it has no bulges, cracks, or other deformations. Replace
any defective batteries.

ƒ Check all battery terminal connections and verify they are tight and corrosion-free.

ƒ Check that batteries are clean and corrosion free. If necessary, remove dust or dirt by
wiping with a water-moistened cloth. If there is electrolyte on the surface of a sealed
battery, the battery has failed and should be replaced. If there is electrolyte on the outer
surfaces of a flooded battery, neutralize it with a solution made up of 1/2-pound baking
soda in 1 quart of water (0.22-kilograms measurements soda/liter water). Initially, this
solution will bubble. The electrolyte is neutralized when bubbling no longer occurs when
fresh solution is applied. When electrolyte is neutralized, wipe battery clean with a
water-moistened cloth. Dry battery with a dry clean cloth.

ƒ Using a digital multimeter or equivalent, measure the voltage across all batteries. This
voltage should be approximately 27 volts DC. Record this voltage.

ƒ Divide the voltage recorded in step d by 4 and record this voltage.

ƒ Measure and record voltage across each battery. The voltage across each battery should
be the voltage recorded in step e ±0.2 volts DC.

ƒ Turn off the AC power and record the time.

ƒ Measure and record voltage across the battery supply.

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ƒ Measure and record the voltage across the battery supply. This voltage should be no less
than 0.2 volts DC less than the voltage recorded in measured level. If battery supply fails
this check, measure and record voltage across each battery. Replace the battery that is
causing the drop in voltage. Charge the new battery and repeat.

ƒ Turn on the AC power.

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4.6. Maintenance operation procedures using external instruments

These paragraphs show you how to externally verify some of the important measurements
made using test equipment built in to the DME. These procedures can be used as part of
preventive maintenance or at the discretion of the maintenance technician.

NOTE

Some of the following maintenance procedures

interrupt normal operation of the DME. Follow
local regulations to notify air traffic control
authorities before removing a DME from service.

4.6.1 Necessary Tools and Instruments

This is a list of test equipment required for site level maintenance of the DME. You may
use equivalent test equipment.
You may also need screwdrivers, pliers, and wrenches. A 5/16-inch, 5-inch-pound torque
wrench is recommended for tightening the SMA cable connector nuts.
In addition to the material supplied with the beacon (tool kit and extender board), the
following measuring instruments are required.
ƒ PC (lap/palm top or standard PC), cable connection, startup disk, printer, adapter
connectors
ƒ Oscilloscope, dual or four vertical channels, at least 60 MHz BW, type (Tek 2235A or
PM3050)

ƒ Multimeter (input 1 MΩ impedance)

ƒ Peak power meter (E4416A, EPM series) and a series of precision attenuators (± 1 dB) 10
dB/5 W, 20 dB/1 W, 30 dB/1 W (or directional coupler) or Bird wattmeter (digital RF
model 4391 with elements: 1000J, 250J, 100J, 25J)
ƒ Frequency counter up to 2 GHz ( or 5315A-H10-003, Tek CMC251)
ƒ Spectrum analyzer up to 2 GHz

4.6.2. Output Power Measurement

4.6.2.1. On Dummy Load Procedure

NOTE

This test will allow the on antenna transponder to

continue normal operation (dual systems only).

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ƒ Perform the EXECUTIVE MONITORING or Routine Check on transmitter (TRX) in

dummy load (Maintenance Environment).
ƒ Verify and record the peak power value.
ƒ connect a wattmeter to the Antenna port. If a peak power meter is used, attach the probe
to the relay using a 30-dB precision attenuator or 40 dB precision attenuator. If you use a
Bird wattmeter, install the wattmeter with a short cable. You must put a RF load on the
output of the wattmeter.

CAUTION

Do not set the beacon to OPERATING when the

antenna or dummy load is not connected.

ƒ Set the beacon to operating and read the measured power.

ƒ Verify that the value read is equal to the value recorded by internal monitor(s) (±20
percent).
ƒ At the end of the measurements, take note of the values concerning both transponders and
restore the initial connections.

4.6.2.2. On-Antenna Procedure

NOTE

This test will take the system off the air during
instrument connection.

ƒ Connect test equipment as shown in figure 4-1 for the Bird-type peak power meter set up .
ƒ Perform the EXECUTIVE MONITORING or Routine Check at Peak Power Output
measurement on TRX in dummy load (Maintenance Environment).
ƒ Verify and record the peak power value.
ƒ Switch off the beacon.
CAUTION

Do not set the beacon to OPERATING when the

antenna or dummy load is not connected.

ƒ Set the transponder to be measured to operating and read the value by the instrument.
ƒ Verify that the value read is equal to the value recorded by internal monitor(s)
ƒ At the end of the measurements, take note of the values concerning both transponders and
restore the initial connections.

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to ANTENNA
PEAK POWER
METER Heliax
(BIRD Model 4391 type) 1/2" cable
Use with TWO Plug-In ELEMENTS
as appropriate:
FORWARD HIGH Power - 1000J
Plug-in REVERSE LOW Power - 100J
ELEMENTS
FORWARD LOW Power - 250J
Antenna connector REVERSE LOW Power - 25J

Cable assembly, RF, 30 cm

RG214 - N male

MARU 310/320

Figure 4-1 Output Power Test on Antenna Procedures - Test Set-up (Bird 4391)

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4.6.3. Pulse Shape, Pulse Spacing, and Reply Delay

This procedure allows the operator to measure the pulse shape and pulse spacing of the
transmitter output. The operator can also measure the system reply delay. The procedure
uses a dual channel oscilloscope and is not as accurate as the technique used in the monitor.

ƒ Adjust the time base and trigger to allow the interrogations on channel one and the replies
on channel two to be displayed on the screen.
ƒ To enter the maintenance mode. Select checks and then configurable measurement. Set
up the configurable measurement screen as follows.

1. Rise Time. Examine the pulses on channel two of the oscilloscope. Set the
oscilloscope time base to 1 or 2 μs. To measure the rise time, measure the time for the
leading edge of the pulse to transition from 10 percent of its peak value to 90 percent of
its peak value.
2. Duration. Examine the pulses on channel two of the oscilloscope. Set the
oscilloscope time base to 1 or 2 μs. To measure the duration, measure the time between
the 50 percent point of a pulse rise time and the 50 percent point of the pulse fall time.
3. Decay Time. Examine the pulses on channel two of the oscilloscope. Set the
oscilloscope time base to 1 or 2 μs. To measure the fall time, measure the time for the
trailing edge of the pulse to transition from 90 percent of its peak value to 10 percent of
its peak value. See the Figure 4-2 Typical Transmitter Pulse Shape.
4. Pulse Spacing. Examine a pulse pair on channel two of the oscilloscope. To
accurately measure the pulse spacing, measure the time between the 50 percent point of
the pulse rise time of the first pulse and the 50 percent point of the pulse rise time of the
second pulse. See the Figure 4-3 Pulse Spacing Measurement.
5. Reply Delay. Channel one shows the interrogation pulses. Channel two shows the
transmitter pulses. Set the oscilloscope time base to 10 or 20 μs. Accurately measure
the time from the 50 percent point of the leading edge of the first constituent pulse of the
first pulse pair on channel one to the 50 percent point of the leading edge of the first
constituent pulse of the first pulse pair on channel two. See the Figure 4-4 Reply Delay
Measurement (X Channels)
6. Verify that the values read on the scope are equal (±5 percent) to the values measured by
the monitors. The monitor measures these parameters in the routine check. The
readings from the routine check should be consistent with the tolerances in paragraph 4.2.

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Figure 4-2 Typical Transmitter Pulse Shape

Figure 4-3 Pulse Spacing Measurement

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Figure 4-4 Reply Delay Measurement (X Channels)

4.6.4. Transponder Frequency Measurement

This procedure measures the DME transponder frequency. The frequency source used by
the transmitter and receiver is located in the receiver module.
ƒ Connect PC to DME Top Interface panel RS-232 connector(or Ethernet ).
ƒ Log on. Use Commands to turn beacon one off.
ƒ Connect frequency counter to the FREQ connector of TXU Unit.
ƒ Frequency counter should indicate station assigned carrier frequency ±0.001 percent.
ƒ Disconnect adapter, cable, and frequency counter.
ƒ Replace transmitter.
ƒ Restore the system to normal operation.
ƒ Log off.

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4.6.5. Pulse Spectrum

4.6.5.1. Procedure

ƒ Go to maintenance mode. This will bypass the monitor to keep the transmitter on the air.
Connect the spectrum analyzer to the coaxial cable coming from one of the two antenna
probes (remove the cable from its connector on top of the equipment cabinet).
ƒ Use a 30 to 100 kHz/div bandwidth and select the beacon frequency for the spectrum
analyzer. Position the spectrum lines on the raster center of the instrument display and
adjust the signal peak level so that it touches the first top line of the raster.
ƒ Verify that, with FREQUENCY SPAN equal to 0.5 MHz/div, all the spectrum lines at a
frequency greater than the beacon frequency ±2 MHz are attenuated by at least 60 dB for
MARU 320 and 50 dB for MARU 310 with respect to the beacon frequency peak level, at
raster center.
ƒ Verify that, with FREQUENCY SPAN equal to 0.2 MHz/div, all the spectrum lines at a
frequency greater than the beacon frequency ±0.8 MHz are attenuated by at least 47 dB for
MARU 320 and 37 dB for MARU 310 with respect to the beacon frequency peak level, at
raster center.
ƒ At the end of the measurements, take note of the values concerning both transponders and
restore the initial connections. Exit maintenance mode.

4.6.6. Transmission Rate

ƒ Perform the executive monitoring on antenna and/or the Routine Check.

ƒ Verify the transmission pulse rate value comes within the limits indicated in paragraph 4.2.
ƒ Set the counter to read the frequency values in the low frequency range (<100 kHz) and to
count the pulses. Because of the random nature of DME output pulses, the frequency
counter will not display a constant value. The reading will be effected by aircraft
interrogations. Do not use a value measured during a DME identification period. The
counter reading will increase during the DME identification period. Divide the frequency
counter reading by two to get the frequency of pulse pairs (as read by the monitor).
ƒ Read the value given by the instrument and verify that the reading (divided by two) is
approximately the same as that displayed on the executive monitor screen.

4.6.7. Monitor Interrogation - Pulse Shape, Pulse Spacing, and Peak Pulse Level

The external trigger input of the oscilloscope is connected to monitor test point
Channel one of the oscilloscope is connected to test point (RFG envelop port) of Backplane
to enter the maintenance mode.

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This method is not as accurate as the technique used in the monitor. The results obtained
using the scope will typically be within ±5 percent of the readings displayed by the monitor.
ƒ Rise Time. Examine the pulses on channel one of the oscilloscope. Set the
oscilloscope time base to 1 or 2 μs. To measure the rise time, measure the time for the
leading edge of the pulse to transition from 10 percent of its peak value to 90 percent of its
peak value. Record this time.
ƒ Duration. Examine the pulses on channel one of the oscilloscope. Set the oscilloscope
time base to 1 or 2 μs. To measure the duration, measure the time between the 50 percent
point of a pulse rise time and the 50 percent point of the pulse fall time. Record this time.
ƒ Decay Time. Examine the pulses on channel one of the oscilloscope. Set the
oscilloscope time base to 1 or 2 μs. To measure the fall time, measure the time for the
trailing edge of the pulse to transition from 90 percent of its peak value to 10 percent of its
peak value. Record this time.
ƒ Pulse Spacing. Examine a pulse pair on channel one of the oscilloscope. To accurately
measure the pulse spacing, measure the time between the 50 percent point of the pulse rise
time of the first pulse and the 50 percent point of the pulse rise time of the second pulse.
Record this time.
ƒ Verify that the values read on the scope are equal (±5 percent) to the values measured by
monitors (using the routine check).

4.6.8. Power Supply Measurements

ƒ Measure the +5 volt, -5 volt, +15 volt, and -15 volt levels using the test points on the
power supply module. See table of paragraph 4.2. for tolerances. For a dual system,
perform measurement on both power supply modules.
ƒ Measure the AC input voltage. The voltage should be measured at the terminal where AC
power comes into the cabinet.
ƒ Measure the output of the AC-DC converter(+27V using LRU & Power Amplifier)

WARNING

Dangerous voltage (220 V AC) exists within the

DME system. Contact with this voltage can cause
personnel injury or death.

ƒ The DC bus voltage can also be measured using the + and – test points on the AC/DC
module. Chassis ground can be used as a reference.
ƒ Measure the output of the DC-DC converter ( +50V using Power Amplifier )

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4.6.9. Verification with Diagnostic Function

The diagnostic test is the last operation to be performed and is used to check both
transponders.
If this verification and previous inspections and controls confirm good beacon operating
conditions, all beacon mechanical and electrical components as well as its software can
operate correctly. With regard to the software, it should be noted that most of its functions
have been verified during the measurements described in this section.
To run the Diagnostic software, place the DME in maintenance.

4.6.10. Output Power Adjustment

The MARU 310/320 (here 310 is removed HPA unit) output power is set in the factory and is
confirmed to be correct at the frequency for which the DME is ordered. It may be necessary
to adjust the output power if the DME frequency is changed.(range is between 25% to 125%
of rating power ) For this procedure, it is necessary to measure the output power with a peak
power meter.

ƒ To perform this procedure, log on to the DME using GUI software. Enable the
maintenance mode. Set transponder to standby. When in the maintenance mode, Select
transmitter 1 or 2. This will cause the DME to fill in the Power Level Reference table
with the data stored in transmitter.
ƒ Select the channel for which the power is to be adjusted.
ƒ The power at a 100-watt setting and the power at a 50-watt setting (3-dB attenuation) can
be adjusted.(case. MARU 310) The numbers that are entered do not correspond to an
absolute output power. If the measured power is too high, reduce the number entered.
If the measured power is too low, increase the number.
ƒ The transmitter will turn off briefly. When it turns back on, it will be using the new
power settings. If the power output needs further adjustment, repeat the steps above.

4.6.11. Monitor Detector Calibration Procedure

The MARU 310/320 uses a detector circuit in the monitor assembly to measure the peak
transmitter power. This power measurement is one of the executive monitor parameters.
The peak power is normally calibrated on the station frequency at the factory. If you change
the transponder frequency (channel) or replace a monitor, you may have to recalibrate the
detector. Use the following procedure.
ƒ Determine the actual power output of the DME as follows:
1. Note the peak power reading on the other monitor; if it is known to be correct, it may be
used as a reference.
2. The procedures may be used for measuring the actual power output.

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ƒ Log on to the DME using GUI software.

ƒ Select Monitor 1 power adjust or Monitor 2 power adjust. Select modify.
ƒ If the indicated power is too high, decrease the adjustment number. If the indicated
power is too low, increase the adjustment number.
ƒ Select OK on the Power Adjustment Screen and OK on the configuration screen.
ƒ Exit the configuration screen. Turn on the transmitter.
ƒ Check the peak power reading on executive monitor screen. If further adjustment is
required, repeat above

4.6.12. Transmitted Power Calibration Procedure

The MARU 310/320 uses a detector circuit in the monitor assembly to measure the
transmitted power. This power is measured using a signal from the DME antenna. This
signal level must be about 30 dB below the output level from the transmitter (100 or 1000
watts). This power measurement is one of the executive monitor parameters. The
transmitter power is normally calibrated on the station frequency at the factory. If you
change the transponder frequency (channel) or replace a monitor, you may have to recalibrate
the detector. The detector will have to be calibrated as part of the installation process to
compensate for the actual losses from the cables used from the antenna to the DME cabinet.
Use the following procedure.
ƒ Log on to the DME using GUI software. Configure the DME for normal operation.
ƒ Go to Checks and Executive Monitoring on Antenna.
ƒ Use the control function to turn off both transmitters.
ƒ Select monitor cable loss, then modify. Enter the monitor cable loss. Select OK.
Select antenna cable loss, then modify. Enter the antenna cable loss. Select OK.

NOTE
The cable losses may be calculated based on the
actual cable used.

ƒ Select Antenna Probe Coupling. Use this to raise or lower the transmitted power (on the
executive monitor screen). The transmitted power should be set to the cabinet output
power (100 or 1000 watts) reduced by the loss in the antenna cable.
ƒ Select OK on the configuration screen.
ƒ Exit the configuration screen.

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Etc. Waveform)

Figure 4-5 Waveform on Test Point

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DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT

Technical Manual

VOLUME I
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION,
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

SECTION 5
TROUBLESHOOTING

MOPIENS, INC.
Intentional Blank Page
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Volume I, Section 5

Table of Contents

Section 5. TROUBLESHOOTING ........................................................................................ 5-1

5.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 5-1
5.2. Useful Information for Troubleshooting ............................................................... 5-3
5.3. Troubleshooting Procedures ............................................................................... 5-4
5.3.1. Diagnostics .................................................................................................... 5-4
5.3.2. Primary Voltages ........................................................................................... 5-4
5.3.3. Stabilized Power Supplies ............................................................................. 5-4
5.3.4. Input/Output System ...................................................................................... 5-4
5.4. Module Replacement Procedures ....................................................................... 5-6
5.4.1. LRU(Line Replace Unit) Module.................................................................... 5-6
5.4.2. DPU ............................................................................................................... 5-6
5.4.3. CSP( same as LCU) ...................................................................................... 5-6
5.4.4. FAN ................................................................................................................ 5-7
5.4.5. AC/DC ........................................................................................................... 5-7
5.4.6. Battery Shelf .................................................................................................. 5-7
5.5. Test Point Description (Unit) ................................................................................ 5-8
5.5.1. MON .............................................................................................................. 5-8
5.5.2. CSP ( same as LCU) ..................................................................................... 5-9
5.5.3. RFG ............................................................................................................. 5-11
5.5.4. DPU ............................................................................................................. 5-12
5.5.5. RXU ............................................................................................................. 5-13
5.5.6. TCU ............................................................................................................. 5-14
5.5.7. TXU ............................................................................................................. 5-15
5.5.8. LPA .............................................................................................................. 5-16
5.5.9. HPA (only MARU 320) ................................................................................. 5-17
5.5.10. AC/DC Converter ........................................................................................ 5-18
5.5.11. DC/DC Converter ........................................................................................ 5-20
5.5.12. Battery ......................................................................................................... 5-21
5.5.13. FAN ............................................................................................................. 5-22
5.5.14. Air Baffle ...................................................................................................... 5-23
5.5.15. Antenna ....................................................................................................... 5-24
5.6. Test Point Description(Rear backboard) ........................................................... 5-26
5.6.1. Unit Backboard ( Partial block , excluding Power Amplifier Backboard) ..... 5-26
5.6.2. T.P Description (Unit Backboard) ................................................................ 5-27
5.6.3. Power Amplifier Backboard (Partial block) .................................................. 5-28
5.6.4. T.P Description (P.A. Backboard) ................................................................ 5-29
5.7. Waveforms (Measure on Test Point) ................................................................. 5-30

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Section 5. TROUBLESHOOTING
5.1. INTRODUCTION
These paragraphs provide all the information you will need to detect and replace faulty
modules. The MARU 310/320 DME built-in test equipment makes troubleshooting easier.
If there are faulty modules, you will see failure messages identifying the modules. If both
of the transponders are shut down (dual system), you should first restore one of the two
transponders by removing the faulty module and replacing it with its counterpart from the
other transponder. This way you can quickly restore the beacon to service.

NOTE

Faulty modules should be repaired at an authorized

repair facility.

All technicians involved in troubleshooting should have a good knowledge of MARU

310/320 DME theory of operation and should be familiar with safety measures required to
prevent injury to maintenance personnel and damage to the beacon.

Replace the modules in the sequence indicated by the diagnostics. However, before you
replace any module, display all of the stored alarms or warnings that have occurred since the
last maintenance intervention.

The colored warning lights on the different modules have the following meanings.

Green light: Normally on—indicates the module or circuit is working normally.

Red light: Normally off—only comes on to indicate module failure.

Yellow light: Normally on—provides additional beacon operation status information.

These colors and conventions are also used for PC messages. WARNINGS, ALARM,
SHUT-DOWN, and HARD (primary alarm presence indication) messages are red. They
also flash to be easily seen even on a monochromatic screen. When the beacon is operating
normally, there are no red LEDs or PC messages.

Before you replace a module with a red LED on, reset it; a transient malfunction may have
activated a protection, which lit the LED.

Connections made with flat and coaxial cables and to passive, non-plug-in components are
highly reliable. You may check them last but do not overlook them.

WARNING

Use great care when working on the battery charger

power supply (AC/DC) unit rear part; it contains
dangerous voltage (220 VAC).

WARNING

Radio frequency voltage on RF power amplifier

modules output is hazardous.
The AC-DC modules contain the 220 VAC mains
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voltage and the corresponding 300 VDC rectified

voltage. The capacitors may remain charged for
several seconds after the modules are disconnected.
After removing these modules, wait for a few
minutes before touching the internal circuits.

CAUTION

To prevent the RF components from being damaged,

RF loads (antenna cable, 50 Ω loads) should always
be connected when the transponder is set to
OPERATING.

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5.2. Useful Information for Troubleshooting

The remote site procedures apply to the local site but not vice versa. The remote site is a
center or a control site situated far away from the place where the beacon is installed. The
local site is the place, near the antenna, where the beacon is installed. The two sites may be
a few meters or many kilometers apart.

Before you replace a module, set the beacon to off/stby.

The following items are required for local repairing operations.

Tool kit and spare fuses, supplied with the beacon

Digital voltmeter

Spare modules, especially those that are not redundant on the beacon such as the LCU and
associated facility interface.

IBM compatible PC (lap/palm top) with video, keyboard, 3.5-inch disk drive(or memory
stick), cable for connecting to the beacon, printer, and startup diskette.

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5.3. Troubleshooting Procedures

5.3.1. Diagnostics

Use the diagnostics to check the efficiency of the dummy loaded transponder by carrying out
a sequence of tests. Since the monitor(s) are used for the tests, they are checked before all the
other modules, along with the power supply modules. Any possible faults will be indicated
on the PC screen.

5.3.2. Primary Voltages

A local or remote operator may obtain only the information relating to the site where the
equipment is standing. The type of power provided to the beacon is clearly indicated on the
PC video (POWER:MAINS and POWER:BATT. messages). If the mains power fails, the
beacon will switch to battery power supply without interrupting its operation and the
POWER:BATT message will appear.

5.3.3. Stabilized Power Supplies

Remote Site. A faulty SMPS module in the AC/DC unit is indicated by the message AC-
DC FAULTY. The POWER:BATT message appears when there is no power from the mains
or when both AC-DC modules are faulty.

WARNING

Before removing the housing of the AC-DC module,

wait about 1 minute after turning off the AC supply
and removing the line connections. This will
allow time for the high voltage capacitors in the
AC-DC module to discharge, reducing the
possibility of shock.

Failures of the power supplies in the LPA, TXU, HPA units are indicated by warning
messages and may be confirmed by measuring the relevant DC voltages.

5.3.4. Input/Output System

The parts of the input/output (I/O) system that could contribute to system failures are listed
below, starting with the most probable.

ƒ I/O panel (connectors on top of the cabinet)

ƒ Interconnecting cables and connectors.

ƒ Diagnostics are based on checking the indications provided by the front panel of INC
module. Following are some of the more common cases.

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ƒ No indication or command possible. Probably a power failure: check the voltage (+5V)
of LCU module. If the measured value is +5V ±5 percent, the fault is probably on the LCU
board or the connection cable.

ƒ Green OPERATION indicator in LCU section switches off. Probable hardware or

software fault on LCU board; this condition is also caused by <4.7 volt power supplies.

ƒ Yellow WARNING indicator is on in LCU section. A hardware fault in circuit on LCU

board real time clock (RTC).

ƒ Red DATA COM indicator is on in MAIN STATUS section. Indicates no communication

between LCU unit and the equipment modules. This condition may be caused by faults
in the serial port circuit on LCU board or the interconnecting cables and connectors. It
may also be caused by a failure in the serial port of the transponder or monitor.

Before replacing the LCU board, perform the following tests.

ƒ Press the LAMP TEST button twice in the LCU section and verify that the indicators are
working properly.

ƒ Shut down all the equipment from the control panel; then switch it on again after a few
seconds.

ƒ Momentarily press the reset button on the CSP.

If the fault persists, replace the LCU board, since the failure is not caused by a transient fault
condition.

The INC board can be indirectly tested through the LAMP TEST. Also, verify that the
pushbuttons function properly. If the indications and commands are correct on the PC and
the corresponding indications are different on the INC module, there may be an INC board
fault or the configuration is incorrect.

Cable or connector faults are unlikely to occur. When they do, you can often spot where a
cable has been damaged.

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5.4. Module Replacement Procedures

All the modules may be removed and installed without removing power. The special design
of the connector that supplies power to each module prevents damage to the electronics.

The plug-in design and upper and lower extractors make replacement easy for every module
in the cardcage. To extract these modules, lift the extractors and pull the module out of its
guides. For some modules, it is necessary to press the cardcage locking mechanism while
withdrawing the module. To reconnect the module, reinsert it back in its guides, push it in,
and lower the extractors.

Several of the modules have jumper switches on their printed circuit boards. It is essential
to check that the switches or jumpers on the new PBA are set to the same positions as the
ones on the old module.

Modules with extractors do not require any special operations for their replacement.
However, you will need a screwdriver to replace the coaxial relay, DPU, and HPA unit.

For other modules, proceed as described below.

NOTE

Check that all the RF cables have been connected

correctly before switching the transmitter on again
and make sure that either the antenna or a dummy
load is connected.

CAUTION

To avoid damage to CCA and components, observe

electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions when
handling all DME subassemblies.

5.4.1. LRU(Line Replace Unit) Module

ƒ Extract or insert it when the transponder is not set to OPERATING with ejector
(Only Power Module ; LPA, HPA etc. )
ƒ Extract or insert it with ejector according guide-rail.
(Case Unit : TXU, RXU, RFG, TCU, MON, DC/DC, )

5.4.2. DPU

ƒ Disconnect the coax cables of Module rear panel.

ƒ Remove the four screws. (M6 volt)
ƒ Remove it with module handle.

5.4.3. CSP( same as LCU)

ƒ Release the two captive screw. ( turn counter clockwise )

ƒ Open the front panel
ƒ Remove the mainboard

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5.4.4. FAN

ƒ Release the two captive screws. ( turn counter clockwise )

ƒ Pull the module with module handle.
ƒ Remove it

5.4.5. AC/DC

ƒ Remove the four screws. (M6 volt)

ƒ Pull the module with module handle.
ƒ Remove it.

5.4.6. Battery Shelf

ƒ Remove the four screws. (M6 volt)

ƒ Pull the front door with module handle.
ƒ Remove the wire of battery cell.
ƒ Remove the two battery cell.(ES65-12)

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5.5. Test Point Description (Unit)

5.5.1. MON

5.5.1.1 LED

NO Color Signal Name Description

1 Green PWR Lighted when DC bias voltage supplied.
2 Red Fault Lighted when check BITE is faulty.
3 Green MON_TXD Tx Data transmitting status. ( to LCU )
4 Green MON_RXD Rx Data receiving status. (from LCU )

5.5.1.2 BNC

NO Signal Name Description

1 REPLY DET Reply Envelope signal of Transponder
2 INT ENV Interrogation Envelope signal of RFG

5.5.1.3 Etc.

ƒ RESET : Reset button

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5.5.2. CSP ( same as LCU)

5.5.2.1 Control & Silence

Button Function
The screen moves from the initial screen to the main menu screen. If
MENU
it was in a submenu, it moves to the upper menu.
LOCAL Control of the system is changed from Local/remote to the opposite.
C/O (Changeover) Transponder Changeover.
◀, ▶ Move the selection to the left/right.
SEL (Select) Select, or complete the set up.
SILENCE Stop the alarm sound.

5.5.2.2 Transponder Lamp

3 Transponder Lamps are attached to each transponder.

The details are as below.

Classification Colour Description

ACTIVE GREEN Lighted when TXP is in Active state.
Lighted when the TXP is in Standby state (connected to
STANDBY ORANGE
dummy load.)
Lighted when the TXP is shutdown, or an error has
FAULT RED
occurred.

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5.5.2.3 Monitor Lamp

3 Monitor Lamps are attached to each MON.

The details are as below.

Classification Colour Description

ACTIVE GREEN Lighted when MON is in Active state.
Bypassed ORANGE Lighted when MON is Bypassed.
ALARM RED Lighted when an error has occurred.

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5.5.3. RFG

5.5.3.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED(Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON
2 PLL FAIL O ON / OFF PLL Module Lock Fail LED (Red)
3 RF ON O ON / OFF RF output status LED (Green, modulation signal)

5.5.3.2 BNC

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 FREQ O RF(50Ω) Reply Frequency Monitoring (-20dBm, CW)
Sampling signal of RFG output signal
2 RF SAMPLE O RF(50Ω)
(Sampling level: -25dBc)

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5.5.4. DPU

5.5.4.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED(Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON
2 TX1 O ON / OFF Relay State LED for TX1 (Green)
3 TX2 O ON / OFF Relay State LED for TX2 (Green)

5.5.4.2 SMA Sample port

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 TX1 CPL O RF (50 ohm) TX1 monitoring Signal
-60dBc @ TX Output Power
2 TX2 CPL O RF (50 ohm) TX2 monitoring Signal
-60dBc @ TX Output Power

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5.5.5. RXU

5.5.5.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED(Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON

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5.5.6. TCU

5.5.6.1 LED

No Color Signal Name Description

1 Green PWR Lighted when DC bias voltage supplied.
2 Red Fault Lighted when check BITE is faulty.
3 Green TCU_TXD Tx Data transmitting status. ( to LCU )
4 Green TCU_RXD Rx Data receiving status. (from LCU )

5.5.6.2 BNC

No Signal Name Description

1 LOG VIDEO Logarithmic detector port of received signal
(Aircraft interrogation signal or BITE interrogation signal)
2 DEAD TIME Meature port of Dead Time Function

5.5.6.3 Etc.

ƒ RESET : Reset button

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5.5.7. TXU

5.5.7.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED(Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON
2 PLL FAIL O ON / OFF PLL Module Lock Fail LED (Red)
3 RF ON O ON / OFF RF output status LED (Green)

5.5.7.2 BNC

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 FREQ O RF(50Ω) Reply Frequency Monitoring (-20dBm, CW)
2 TXU ENV O Analog Envelope signal of TXU output
(pulse modulation )

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5.5.8. LPA

5.5.8.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED(Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON
2 LPA ON O ON / OFF RF output status LED (Green, modulation signal)

5.5.8.2 BNC

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 MOD O Analog Gaussian Shape Pulse Envelope signal (+3Vpp at
1KΩ)

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5.5.9. HPA (only MARU 320)

5.5.9.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED(Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON
2 HPA ON O ON / OFF RF output status LED (Green)

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5.5.10. AC/DC Converter

5.5.10.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 ACDC O ON / OFF AC/DC Converter status
FAULT LED(Red), Fault status is LED ON
2 DC POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED (Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON
3 AC POWER O ON / OFF AC ON LED (Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON

5.5.10.2 Power Switch

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 INPUT I S/W AC ON Power switch
(POWER S/W)

5.5.10.3 Adjust Volume(DC Output)

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 V ADJ. I Variable Resistor DC +27V (Turning level)

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5.5.10.4 Test Point port

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 +27V O Test Point About DC +27V Test Point
2 GND O Test Point Ground

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5.5.11. DC/DC Converter

5.5.11.1 LED

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 POWER O ON / OFF DC ON LED (Green), POWER ON status is LED
ON
2 ALARM O ON / OFF DC/DC Converter status
LED(Red), Fault status is LED ON
3 ON/OFF O ON / OFF DC output status (only DC +50V )

5.5.11.2 Test Point port

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 +50V O Test Point About DC +50V Test Point
2 GND O Test Point Ground

5.5.11.3 Power switch

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 INPUT I S/W DC ON Power switch(+50V)
(POWER S/W)

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5.5.12. Battery

5.5.12.1 Power switch

No Signal Name I/O Signal Type Description

1 Battery I S/W Battery ON Power switch ( about DC +24V)
(POWER S/W)

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5.5.13. FAN

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5.5.14. Air Baffle

5.5.14.1 Structure

Front View Right side View

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5.5.15. Antenna

5.5.15.1 Main specification

Antenna Parameter Antenna Performance

1. Type Omni-directional

2. Circularity ± 1 dB max on horizon

3. Frequency range 960 through 1215 MHz (no adjustments or tuning

required)
4. Array 8 radiator assy's (77.8" tall)

5. Polarization Vertically polarized

6. Gain, main beam 8 dB/iso, minimum

7. Gain, horizon 6 dB/iso, minimum

8. Main beam elevation location Between 2° and 5° above horizon

9. Slope (Vicinity of horizon) .44 dB/°, .05 V/V/°

10. Power Handling capability up to at least 10 kW peak RF power at 3% duty

cycle
11. Impedance 50 ohm nominal

12. VSWR not greater than 2:1 (960-1215 MHz) measured at

end of low loss cable not exceeding 5 feet in
length.

5.5.15.2 Connector

„ RF Connector (N-type Female 3Port)

Î Mainline Connector 1Port, Monitor Connector 2Port

„ MS(Military Standard) Connector

Î MS3112E8-3P (AC High 1wire, AC Neutral 1wire, Ground 1wire)
Î Obstruction light bias (Use AC line)

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5.5.15.3 Obstruction Light wiring diagram

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5.6. Test Point Description(Rear backboard)

5.6.1. Unit Backboard ( Partial block , excluding Power Amplifier Backboard)

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5.6.2. T.P Description (Unit Backboard)

No Name Description Destination

1 RPWR1 TX1 Reverse Power from DPU MON
2 RPWR2 TX2 Reverse Power from DPU MON
3 FPWR1 TX1 Forward Power from DPU MON
4 FPWR2 TX2 Forward Power from DPU MON
5 TX STATUS Active TX Path Status Information MON, TCU
6 TX ENABLE TX Path Output Enable Signal from DPU TCU
7 TX SHDN1 TX1 Shutdown Signal from DPU MON, TCU
8 TX SHDN2 TX2 Shutdown Signal from DPU MON, TCU
9 GAU HMOD2 Gaussian Modulation from TCU HPA2
10 GAU LMOD2 Gaussian Modulation from TCU LPA2
11 R LMOD2 Pedestal Modulation from TCU LPA2
12 R HMOD2 Pedestal Modulation from TCU HPA2
13 GAU HMOD1 Gaussian Modulation from TCU HPA1
14 GAU LMOD1 Gaussian Modulation from TCU LPA1
15 R LMOD1 Pedestal Modulation from TCU LPA1
16 R HMOD1 Pedestal Modulation from TCU HPA1
Detected Monitor Interrogation Signal Envelope from
17 RFG ENV MON
RFG
18 RFG PMOD Pedestal Modulation from MON RFG
19 RFG GM Gaussian Modulation from MON RFG
20 FD RFG PLL Frequency Detect MON
21 RX VIDEO Interrogation Signal LOG from RXU TCU
22 ONCH DET Detected Interrogation Signal from RXU TCU
23 REPLY T Reply Generation Trigger TCU
24 R TMOD Pedestal Modulation from TCU TXU
25 TXU FD TXU PLL Frequency Detect MON

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5.6.3. Power Amplifier Backboard (Partial block)

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5.6.4. T.P Description (P.A. Backboard)

No Name Description Destination

1 SENV HP50V 50 Voltage Watchdog Port LCU
2 DC/DC BITE Built In Test Equipment DC/DC
3 DC/DC EN Operation Signal from TCU DC/DC
4 +50V TXP-2 Check 50 Voltage Port DC/DC
5 GAU HMOD Gaussian Modulation from TCU HPA
6 HPA ENV Detected Reply Signal Envelope from HPA TCU
7 HPA BITE Output Test Signal from HPA TCU
8 RECT MOD Pedestal Modulation from TCU LPA
9 GAU MOD Gaussian Modulation from TCU LPA
10 LPA ENV Detected Reply Signal Envelope from LPA TCU
11 LPA BITE Output Test Signal from LPA TCU

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5.7. Waveforms (Measure on Test Point)

Figure 5-1 RFG Module – Waveform, X Mode

Figure 5-2 TX Path Module – Waveform, X Mode

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MARU 310/320
Distance Measuring Equipment

Technical Manual

Volume I
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION,
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
Copyright© 2006-2008 MOPIENS, Inc.
All rights reserved

This document contains copyrighted and proprietary information,

which may not be disclosed to others for any purposes without
written permission from MOPIENS, Inc.