Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) is a fluid state of

CO2 where it is heated and held at or above its critical
temperature and pressure. In this supercritical phase,
CO2 exhibits properties and behaviors between that of a
liquid and a gas. In particular, supercritical CO2 possesses
liquid-like densities with gas-like diffusivity, surface tension
and viscosity.
When CO2 exceeds temperatures of 87.9°F (31.1°C) and is

subjected to pressures above 1071 psi (7.39 MPa), it enters
the supercritical phase. This phase of CO2 is commonly used
as a solvent in chemical extraction processes due to its high
solubility, low toxicity and minimal net effect on the
environment.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is the process of

separating one component (the extractant) from another (The matrix) using supercritical fluids as the
extracting solvent
It is based on the principle that solubility in supercritical fluid increase dramatically with increasing
density, and different solutes have different solubility at the same condition.
 Strip unwanted material from a product (e.g. decaffeination)

 Collect a desired product (e.g. essential oils).
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is the process:
1. Extraction chamber filled with plant seeds or leaves

2. Pump forces co2 in a liquid super critical state into the extractor chamber.
3. The super critical carbon dioxide acts as a solvent with the plant material, dissolving the desired
compound it contains.
4. The (scCO2) carries the oil particles through a release valve into a separator.
5. In the separator, the pressure is lower and co2 is separated from the oil, and recycled into the
co2 tank to be used again in a closed loop system.
6. The oil waxes and resins come down from the separator into a collection vessel for further
purification.
Extraction: Supercritical CO2 is used as a solvent to extract essential oils, flavors, fragrances, and other
natural compounds from plant materials. It is a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to
traditional solvents such as hexane.
1. Food processing: Supercritical CO2 is used to decaffeinate coffee and tea, as well as to remove fat
from food products such as potato chips. It is also used to sterilize food products, such as spices and
herbs.
2. Extraction: Supercritical CO2 is used as a solvent to extract essential oils, flavors, fragrances, and
other natural compounds from plant materials. It is a safer and more environmentally friendly
alternative to traditional solvents such as hexane.
3. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): sCO2 can be used in carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems to
capture carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and other industrial processes. The captured
CO2 can then be compressed and injected into geological formations for long-term storage.
4. Pharmaceutical manufacturing: Supercritical CO2 is used to purify and isolate pharmaceutical

compounds. It is also used to prepare drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles and
microparticles.
5. Cleaning: Supercritical CO2 is used as a cleaning agent in the electronics and aerospace industries. It
is effective in removing particles and contaminants without damaging delicate components.
6. Polymerization: Supercritical CO2 can be used as a solvent or reaction medium for the
polymerization of monomers such as styrene, ethylene, and propylene. The use of supercritical CO2
can enhance the rate of polymerization , improve the polymer properties and can be used as a
solvent to modify the surface properties of polymers. This technique can be used to improve the
adhesion of polymers to other materials, enhance the wettability of polymers
Overall, sCO2 has a wide range of applications and is being increasingly studied and utilized in various
industries for its unique properties and potential benefits.
Regenerate response
Among various working fluids, supercritical carbon dioxide attracts more attention due to its unique
advantages

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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) is a fluid state of

When CO2 exceeds temperatures of 87.9°F (31.1°C) and is

Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is the process of

 Strip unwanted material from a product (e.g. decaffeination)

Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is the process:

1. Extraction chamber filled with plant seeds or leaves

4. Pharmaceutical manufacturing: Supercritical CO2 is used to purify and isolate pharmaceutical

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