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    Asia Vizcarra Matito
    The document provides an overview of Philippine literature across history, dividing it into six periods - pre-colonial, Spanish colonization, nationalist/revolutionary, American colonial, Japanese occupation, and contemporary. Each period is defined

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    Students Copy of Lesson 4 5

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    The document provides an overview of Philippine literature across history, dividing it into six periods - pre-colonial, Spanish colonization, nationalist/revolutionary, American colonial, Japanese occupation, and contemporary. Each period is defined

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    The document provides an overview of Philippine literature across history, dividing it into six periods - pre-colonial, Spanish colonization, nationalist/revolutionary, American colonial, Japanese occupation, and contemporary. Each period is defined

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    4 views36 pages

    Students Copy of Lesson 4 5

    Uploaded by

    Asia Vizcarra Matito
    The document provides an overview of Philippine literature across history, dividing it into six periods - pre-colonial, Spanish colonization, nationalist/revolutionary, American colonial, Japanese occupation, and contemporary. Each period is defined

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 36

    21st Century Literature from the Philippines and

    the World
    Objectives:
    At the end of the lesson, the students will be
    able to:
    a.Define Philippine Literature;
    b.Enumerate the literary periods of Philippine
    literature;
    c.Identify characteristics, literary forms and
    literary works on each period; and
    d. Compare and contrast literary works based on
    its themes, structures and elements.
    e. Share one’s insights about Philippine literary
    works through lesson activities.
    Philippine Literature
    Body of works, both oral and written created by
    those Filipinos who are native, naturalized or
    foreign born to share experiences of people living
    and relating to Philippine Society. It is composed
    or written in one of the Philippine Languages, in
    Spanish, in English and gradually in other
    languages as well.
    Literary Periods in Philippine Literature

    PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD (900BC-1564)

    A.Characteristics
    1. Based on oral tradition
    2. Crude on ideology and phraseology
    PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
    B. Literary Forms
    1. Oral Literature
    1.1 Riddles (Bugtong)- battle of wits among
    the participants
    Tigmo- Cebu
    Paktakon- Ilo-Ilo
    Patotdon- Bicol
    1.2 Salawikain (Proverbs)- wise saying that
    contain a metaphor used to teach as a food for
    thought.

    1.3 Tanaga- mono-rhyming heptasyllabic quatrain


    expressing insights and lessons in life. It’s more
    emotionally charged than the terse proverb and
    thus has affinities with the folk lyric.
    2. Folk Songs- it is a form of folk lyric which
    expresses the hopes and aspirations, the
    people's lifestyles as well as their loves.
    These are often repetitive and sonorous,
    didactic and naïve.

    2.1 Hele/Oyayi (Lullaby)


    2.2 Ambahan (Mangyan)- 7-syllable per line
    poem that are about human relationships and
    social entertainment.
    2.3 Kalusan (Ivatan)-work songs that depict the
    livelihood of the people.

    2.4 Tagay (Cebuano and Waray)- drinking song.

    2.5 Kanogan (Cebuano)- song of lamentation for


    those who passed away.
    3. Folktales

    3.1 Myths- explains how the world was


    created, how certain animals possess certain
    characteristics, why some places have
    waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora or
    fauna.
    3.2 Legends- explain the origin of
    things.

    Why Pineapple Has Eyes


    Legend of Maria Makiling
    3.3 Fables-used animal characters and
    allegory.

    3.4 Fantasy and Magical Story- deal with


    underworld characters such as “tiyanak”,
    “aswang”, “kapre”, “dwende” and others.
    4. Epic- according to Arsenio Manuel, these
    are “narratives of sustained length based on
    oral tradition revolving around supernatural
    events or heroic deeds”.
    Examples:
    Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocano)
    Kudaman (Palawan)
    Hinilawod (Panay)
    Darangen ( Maranao)
    II. SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD (1565-1863)

    A. Characteristics

    1. It has two distinct classification; religious


    and secular.
    2. Introduced Spanish language as the medium
    of communication.
    B. Literary Forms

    1. Religious Literature- religious lyrics written


    by ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish
    and Tagalog were included in early catechism and
    were used to teach Filipinos the Spanish
    language.
    1.1 Pasyon- long narrative poem about the
    passion and death of Christ. The most popular
    was “Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Cristong
    Panginoon Natin” by Aguino de Belen.

    1.2 Senakulo- dramatization of the pasyon,


    it shows the passion and death of Christ.
    2. Secular (non-religious) Literature

    2.1 Awit- colorful tales of chivalry made for singing


    and chanting.

    2.2 Korido- metrical tale written in octosyllabic


    quatrains

    Example:
    Florante at Laura by Francisco Baltazar
    2.3 Prose Narratives-written to prescribe proper
    decorum

    i. Dialogo Ejemplo
    ii. Manual de Urbanidad
    iii. Ejemplo
    iv. Tratado
    Examples:

    Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang Binibini na si Urbana


    at si Feliza by Modesto De Castro

    Ang Bagong Robinson (1879) by Joaquin Tuason


    III. NATIONALISTIC/ PROPAGANDA AND
    REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (1864-1896)

    A. Characteristics
    1. Planted seeds of nationalism to Filipinos.
    2. Language shifted from Spanish to
    Tagalog.
    3. Addressed the masses instead of the
    “intelligentsia”
    B. Literary Forms

    1. Propaganda Literature- reformatory in objective.

    1.1 Political Essays- satires, editorials and news


    articles were written to attack and expose the evils of
    Spanish rule.
    1.1.1 Diariong Tagalog- founded by Marcelo del
    Pilar
    1.1.2 La Solidaridad- whose editor-in-chief is
    Graciano Lopez-Jaena.
    1.2 Political Novel

    Examples:
    Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo – Jose
    Rizal’s masterpieces that paved the way to the
    revolution
    2. Revolutionary Literature- more propagandistic
    than literary as it is more violent in nature and
    demanded complete independence for the
    country.

    2.1 Political Essays


    2.1.1 Kalayaan- newspaper of the society,
    edited by Emilio Jacinto
    2.2 Poetry
    2.1.1 True Decalogue- Apolinario Mabini
    2.1.2 Katapusang hibik ng Pilipinas- Andres
    Bonifacio
    2.1.3 Liwanag at Dilim- Emilio Jacinto
    IV. AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD (1910-1945)

    A. Period of Apprenticeship (1910-1930)


    1. Filipino writers imitated English and
    American Models.
    2. Poems written were amateurish, which
    phrasing and diction is awkward and artificial.
    2.1 Short Stories
    Examples:
    Dead Stars ( Paz Benitez-Marquez)
    The Key (Paz Latorena)
    Footnote to Youth (Jose Garcia Villa)
    2.2 Novels
    Examples:
    Child of Sorrow- first novel written in
    English language by Zoila Galang.
    B. Period of Emergence (1945-1960)
    1. Highly influenced by Western Literary
    trends like romanticism and realism.
    2. Short story is the most prevalent literary
    form.
    3. Jose Garcia Villa earned the international
    title “Poet of the Century”.
    V. JAPANESE OCCUPATION PERIOD (1942-
    1960)

    A. War Years (1942-1944)


    1. Tagalog poets broke take away from
    Balagtas tradition and instead wrote in a
    simple language and free verse.
    2. Fiction prevailed over poetry
    Examples:
    Suyuan sa Tubigan (Macario Pineda)
    Lupang Tinubuan (Narciso Reyes)
    B. Period of Maturity and Originality (1945-1960)
    1. Bountiful harvest in poetry, fiction, drama
    and essay.
    2. Filipino writers mastered English and
    familiarized themselves with diverse techniques.
    3. Literary Giants appeared.
    3.1 Palanca Awards for Literature
    Jose Garcia Villa Gilda Cordero Fernando
    Nick Joaquin Bienvenido Santos

    3.2 National Artist Award


    Jose Garcia Villa
    Nick Joaquin
    VI. CONTEMPORARY/MODERN PERIOD
    (1960-PRESENT)
    1. Martial Law repressed and curtailed
    human rights including freedom of press.
    2. Writers used allegories and symbolism to
    drive home their message at the face of
    heavy censorship.
    3. Theater was used as a vehicle of protest
    such as PETA and UP Theater.
    4. From eighties onwards, writers continue to
    show dynamism and innovation.
    5. The new trends have been used and introduced
    to meet the needs and taste of the new
    generation. 21st Century learners are demanded
    to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and
    format of writing as well. New codes or lingos are
    used to add flavor in the literary pieces produced
    nowadays.
    Written Work 4
    Directions: Write a comparative essay about the two poems,
    “Ang Bayan Ko” and “Dearest Pearl of the Orient Seas”. Point
    out the similarities and differences of the two poems from
    different periods in terms of characteristics and literary form
    by providing lines from the two essays.
    Criteria:
    Content 25%
    Textual Evidence 15%
    Organization 10%
    Total 50%
    Performance Task 3
    Directions: Compile 2 poems and 2 short stories from different
    periods of Philippine literature, it will be a total of 24. Give a brief
    background of each literary work and share what you have learned
    and discovered about life of Filipinos in the past and in the present.

    Criteria
    Content: 40%
    Organization: 35%
    Originality: 25%
    Total 100%

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