SHASHIKANT

Os Previous Years' Questions

1 Mark Questions

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Match the properties with the elements of 3d-series

(1) lowest enthalpy of atomisation

CBSE SOP 2024

(1) shows maximum number of oxidation states

(p) Sc

fqi Mn

Zn

(ii) transition metal that does not form coloured compounds

(s) Ti

() (i)-(r), (ii)-(q), (i)-(p)) (i)-(r). (1)-(s), (ii)-(p) (c) (i)-(p). (ii)-(q),

(i)-(r) (d) (i)-(s). (i)-(r), (iii)-(p) 2. The trend of which property is
represented by the following graph? CBSE SQP 2024

uu/snipe 15

A142

V Cr Mn Fe

(a) Ionisation enthalpy

(b) Atomic radii

(c) Enthalpy of atomisation (d) Melting point

3. Which of the following Cu2+ halide is not known?

(a) CuBry

(c) CuCl₂

(b) Cul₂ (d) CuF₂

CBSE 2023

4. In the two tetrahedral structures of dichromate ion

(a) 4 Cr-O bonds are equivalent in length.

) 6 Cr-O bonds are equivalent in length. (c) All Cr- O bonds are equivalent in
length (d) All Cr- O bonds are non-equivalent
CBSE 2023

5. Which of the following ions has the electronic configuration 346 ? (Atomic
number: Mn = 25. Co = 27, Ni-28) CBSE 2023

(a) Nj³

(c) Mn2

(b) Co (d) Mn

6. Which of the following transition metals does not shows variablc oxidation
state? CBSE 2023

(a) Ti

(b) Cr

7 MO, acts as an oxidising agent in alkaline medium When alkaline KMnO, is treated
with KI. odide ion is CBSE 2023 oxidised to

10

(b) 10 (di 10),

8. Which of the following ions has the maximum number of unpaired d-electrons? CBSE
2023

(c) Ti³

(b) V

(d) Sc

[Atomic number: Fe=26, V 23. Ti-22. Sc=21] 9. Which of the following

characteristics of the transition metals is associated with their catalytic
activity?

(a) Paramagnetic nature

(b) Colour of hydrated ions

(c) High enthalpy of atomisation

(d) Variable oxidation states

10. Which of the following transition metal shows +1 and 42 oxidation states? CBSE
2023

(b) Zn

(c) Sc

(a) Mn

11. The ions of metals of group 12 (Zn, Cd and Hg) have completely filled d-
orbitals and so they CBSE 2023
(a) behave like semiconductors (b) are very high melting points

(c) do not behave like transition metals

(d) behave like super conductors

12. KMnO, is coloured due to

(a) d-d transitions

() charge transfer from ligand to metal (c) unpaired electrons in d-orbital of

Mn(d) charge transfer from metal to ligand

(a) Sc. Ti. Mn (VV. Fe¹ 13. Which set of ions exhibit specific colours? (Atomic
number of Sc=21, Ti-22, V - 23, Mn = 25. Fe=26, Ni 28. Cu = 29 and Zn = 30) CBSE
SQP 2021 (b) Sc. Zn. Nit (d) Ti. Ti*. N

CBSE SQP 2023

14. Which of the following is the reason for zinc not exhibiting variable oxidation
state? CBSE SQP 2021

(a) Inert pair effect

(b) Completely filled 4-subshell (c) Completely filled 4s-subshell

CBSE 2023

Fe) Cu

ASIN

(bs

Assertion-Reason

Directions (Q. Nos. 16-19) In the following questions an Assertion (A) is followed
by a corresponding Reason (R) Use the following keys to choose the appropriate
answer. a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (c)
(A) is correct

and (R) is incorrect

(d) (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct.

Cu 16. Assertion (A) E² is positive (+034V)

. Reason (R) Copper has high A H and low A hyd Hᵒ.

CBSE 2023

17. Assertion (A) Zr and Hf have almost identical radii. Reason (R) Both Zr and Hf
exhibit similar properties.

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18. Assertion (A) Zinc is not regarded as a transition element

Reason (R) In zinc, 3d-orbitals are completely filled in its ground state as well
as in its oxidised state.

19. Assertion (A) Fe2+ acts as a reducing agent. Reason (R) Fe ³+ state is stable
due to 3d5 configuration.

CBSE 2023

CBSE 2023

Very Short Questions

20. Give reason

Transition metals and their compounds show catalytic activities. Delhi 2020

-8/14

21. Complete the following ionic equation. 3MnO + 4 H ³Mn²+ +44₂20

Delhi 2020

22. Write the formula of an oxo-anion of manganese (Ma) in which it shows the
oxidation state equal to its group number. Delhi 2017

23. Zn² salts are white, while Cu salts are coloured Ali India 2015

24. Why do transition elements show variable oxidation

Delhi 2014C

26 Which of following cations are cured solutions and why?

(At. no. Sc=21, V=23. Ti- 22. Mn-25)

27. Sc(21), is a transition element but Ca(20) is not Why?

Sc". V, Ti. Mn

Delhi 2013

28. Explain the following observation

All India 2012C

Most of the transition metal ions exhibit characteristic colours in aqueous

solutions. Delhi 2012

29. How would you account for the following?

Many of the transition ciements are known to form interstitial compounds. Delhi
2012

30. How would you account for the following? The EMM for copper is positive (0.34
V). Copper is the only metal in the first series of transition elements showing
this behaviour. HOTS; All India 2012
31. Assign reason for the following:

Copper (I) ion is not known in aqueous solution. All India 2011, 2010; Delhi 2011
32. Transition metals and their compounds generally exhibit a paramagnetic
behaviour. Give reason.

33. Cr is a strong reducing agent, whereas Mn with the same (d) configuration is an
oxidising agent. Give reason. Delhi 2011C

KEY IDEA

All India 2011

2+

First, find the electronic configuration of Cr2+, Cr³, Mn², Mn³. Then, compare them
to find the stability.

34. Explain the following observation:

The enthalpies of atomisation of transition metals are quite high. Foreign 2010

2 Marks Questions

35. Give reason.

(i) Ti³ is coloured, whereas Se aqueous solution. is colourless in

(ii) Cr² is a strong reducing agent Delhi 2020, All India 2021-22 (Term-11)

36. Write the balanced ionic equations showing the xidising action of acidified
dicromate (Cr.0) solution with (1) iron (Thion (11) son

All India 2020

(d) Mn

ons for the All India 2015C

LI 491 041 MI Co +1.97

(1) Which is a stronger reducing agent in aqueous medium, Cror Fe" and why?

(ii) Which is the most stable son in 2 oxidation state All India 2019 and why?

8. When MnO, is fused with KOH in the presence of ) 2019

KNO, as an oxidising agent, it gives a dark green compound (4). Compound (4)
disproportionates in acidic solution to give purple compound (B). An alkaline
solution of compound (B) oxidises KI to compound (C), whereas an acidified solution
of compound (B) oxidises KI to (D). Identify (4), (B). (Cand (D). Delhi

39. Complete and balance the following chemical equations.

(1) Fe²+ + MnO, +H*

(ii) MnO4+H₂O+I.
CBSE 2018

40. When chromite ore, FeCr₂O4. is fused with NaOH in the presence of air, a
yellow-coloured compound (4) is obtained, which on acidification with dilute
sulphuric acid gives a compound (B). Compound (B) on reaction with KCl forms an
orange coloured crystalline compound (C). and

(i) Write the formulae of the compounds (4), (B) (C).

(ii) Write one use of compound (C).

41. Complete the following chemical equation.

Dellhi 2016

(i) 8MnO4 +35,03 + H₂O

(ii) Cr₂O +3Sn²+ +14H*

->

→→

All India 2016

42. What are transition elements? Write two characteristics of the transition
elements.

Delhi 2015

43. What is meant by 'disproportionation"? Give an example of a disproportionation

reaction in aqueous Delhi 2015C, All India 2011 C solution.

44. Suggest reasons for the following features of transition metal chemistry.

(i) The transition metals and their

compounds are usually paramagnetic.

(ii) The transition metals exhibit variable oxidation Delhi 2015C

with oxalic acid W

reactions

46. Describe the oxidising action of potassium dichromate and write the ionic
equations for its reactions with (1) iodide and (ii) H₂S.

47. Why do transition elements show variable oxidation states" In 3d series (Sc to
Zn), which element shows the maximum number of oxidation states and why? Foreign
2015

48. Assign a reason for each of the following observations.

(i) The transition metals (with the exception of Zn, Cd and Hg) are hard and have
high melting and boiling points.

(ii) The ionisation enthalpies (first and second) in the first series of the
transition elements are Delhi 2014C found to vary irregularly.
49. Assign reason for each of the following. (i) Transition elements exhibit
paramagnetic behaviour.

(ii) Co²+ is easily oxidised in the presence of a strong ligands. Delhi 2014C

50. Account for the following.

(i) Mn 2+ is more stable than Fe²+ oxidation to +3 state.

states.

towards

(ii) The enthalpy of atomisation is lowest for Zn in first series (3d) of the
transition elements.

KEY IDEA

In part (ii) enthalpy of atomisation is related to the stability of crystal lattice

and strength of the metallic bond. Greater the number of unpaired electrons
stronger is the resultant bonding.

51. Describe the general trends in the following properties of the first series
(3d) of the transition elements.

(i) Number of oxidation states exhibited. (ii) Formation of oxo metal ions. Delhi
2014C

52. (1) Copper (I) ion is not known to exist in aqueous solutions.

Assign reasons for the following

(ii) Both O, and F, stabilise high oxidation states of transition metals but the
ability of oxygen to do so exceeds that of fluorine. All India 20140

Delhi 2014

All India 2015C

compounds All India 2014

54. Complete the following equations

() 2MnO, +55 +1GH

(in) Cr₂O + 2OH

Foreign 2014

55. How would you account for the following? (1) The highest oxidation state of a
transition metal usually exhibited in its oxide

(i) The oxidising power of the following three oxo-ions in the series follows the
order: vo; <Cr₂0 - MnO, Delhi 2014C

56. How would you account for the following? (1) Transition metals exhibit variable
oxidation
(ii) Transition metals and their compounds act as catalysts. All India 2013

57. Which metal in the first transition series (3d-series) exhibits +1 oxidation
state most frequently and why? Delhi 2013

58. Complete the following chemical equations.

(1) Cr₂02 +1 +H*→→→→→→→→

(ii) MnO, +NO₂ + H'

59. Explain the following observations. (i) Many of the transition elements are
known to form interstitial compounds.

Delhi 2012; All India 2012

(ii) There is a general increase in density from titanium (Z-22) to copper (229)
All India 2012

60. Explain each of the following observations. (i) With the same d-orbital
configuration (d), Cr is a reducing agent, while Mn is an oxidising agent

(1) There is hardly any increase in atornic size with increasing atomic numbers in
a series of transition metals. All India 2012

Assign reasons for each of the following

(1) Transition metals generally form coloured compounds.

(i) Manganese exhibits the highest

states.

7 among the 3d-series of

63. Explain giving a suitable reason for each of the following

() Transition metals and their compounds are

(i) Metal metal bonding is more frequent for the 1 and 54-series transition metals
than that for the All India 201

64. Complete the following reactions in the aqueous

(0) MnO, C,0; +H 6) Cro+H₂S+H*

65. Complete the following chemical equations.

(1) Fe +1

() Cro-H

66. Write balance chemical equations of two reactions in which KMnO, acts as an
oxidising agent in the acidic medium. Delhi 2011C

67. Explain the following observations.

(i) Generally, there is an increase in density of elements from titanium (Z-22) to

copper (Z-29) in the first series of transition elements. (ii) Transition elements
and their compounds are generally found to be good catalysts in chemical

reactions.

68. Explain the following observations.

(i) Transition elements generally form coloured compounds.

(ii) Zinc is not regarded as a transition clement Delhi 2010 Explain the

69. following observations

KEY IDEA

Foreign 2011

Delhi 2010

(i) Among the divalent cations in the first series of transition elements,
manganese exhibits the maximum paramagnetism, i

() Cu son is not known in aqueos solutions

All India 2010

First, find the electronic configuration of M electrons to know about paramagnetism

then pair

Foreign 2011

Most of the transition metal ions exhibit paramagnetic behaviour Delhi 2010C

71. Account for the following

(i) In the series Se to Zn. the enthalpy of atomisation of zine is the lowest.

(ii) Eº value for the Mn

Mn2 couple is much more positive than that for Cr³ Cr²

72. Describe the preparation of

Delhi 2010C

(1) potassium dichromate from sodium chromate and potassium chloride.

(ii) KMnO, from K. MnO,

Foreign 2010

03 Marks Questions

73. Account for the following.

(i) Ti(IV) is more stable than the Ti (II) or Ti(III). (ii) In case of transition
elements, ions of the same charge in a given series show progressive decrease in
radius with increasing atomic number.

(iii) Zinc is comparatively a soft metal, iron and chromium are typically hard.

(1) Why are fluorides of transition metals more stable in their higher oxidation
state as compared to the lower oxidation state? CBSE SQP 2022

(ii) Which one of the following would feel attraction when placed in magnetic field
Co²+, Ag*, Ti and Zn²+?

(iii) It has been observed that first ionisation energy of 5d-series of transition
elements are higher than that of 3d and 4d series, explain why?

75. On the basis of the figure given below, answer the following questions: CBSE
SQP 2022

M.PL 10 K->

CBSE SQP 2022

Re

Nb Mo

Ta

Ru

Hr

Os

2 Zr

Rh

Fe Co Po

Pt

Why do transition as of

melting point as compared to 4d-series

Mn

(in) In the third transition series, identify and name the metal with the highest
melting point

76. Give reasons for the following.

(i) Transition elements act as catalysts.

(ii) It is difficult to obtain oxidation state greater than two for copper.

(iii) CrO is basic but Cr.O is amphoteric.

77. Observed and calculated values for the standard electrode potentials of
elements from Ti to Zn in the first reactivity series are depicted in figure.

Standard electrode potential

38

74.

(i) Zn. Cd and Hg are soft and have low melting points.

79. Explain the method of preparation of sodium dichromate from chromite ore. Give
the equation representing oxidation of ferrous salts by dichromate ion. Delhi 2020

CBSE SQP 2021

0.5

-0.5

Cr Mn

CBSE SQP 2021

Fe Co Ni Cu Zn ◆ Calculated values

Observed values

Ti

Explain the following observations.

(1) The general trend towards less negative Eº values across the series.

(ii) The unique behaviour of copper.

(iii) More negative E° values of Mn and Zn. .

78. Give reasons

(a) Na₂Cr₂O, from Na CrO4 (b) K₂ MnO4 from MnO, (ii) Write the preparation of the
following.

80. Complete the following reactions.

(1) MnO₂ + KOH + 0₂

(ii) I+MnO; +HT

(iii) Cr.0²
Sn²+ =ii™

All India 2019

Delhi 2020

(u) Iron has higher enthalpy of atomisation than that of copper

(ii) Se" is colourless in aqueous solution whereas Ti' is coloured. CBSE 2018

82. (i) Complete the following equations

(a) 2MnO, +5SO 6H*

(b) Cr,06Fe 1411

(ii) Based on the data, arrange Fe2*, Mn2 and Cr2 in the increasing order of
stability of +2 oxidation state Ece -0.4V.E +1.5V. Mn/Mn =+0.8 V

CBSE 2018 C

83. Write the preparation of following. (i) KMnO, from K, MnO, (ii) Na₂Cro, from
FeCr₂O, (iii) Cr₂O from Cro

84. The magnetic moments of few transition metal ions are given below. CBSE SQP
2018

Metal ion Magnetic moment(BM)

Sc 3.

Cr 2

Ni 2+

CBSE 2018C

4.90 2.84

Ti "

0.00

1.73

(At no. Sc 21, Ti-22, Cr-Which of the given metal ions

habe 24, Ni-28)

(i) has the maximum number of unpaired electrons? (ii) forms colourless aqueous
solution? (iii) exhibits the most stable +3 oxidation state?

CBSE SQP 2018

85. Consider the standard electrode potential values (M2M) of the elements of the
first transition series. TI V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn -1.63-118 -0.90 -L18 -0.44 -028-
025 +034-0.76 Explain

tivalue for copper is positive.

(i) value of Mn is more negative as expected from the trend.

C is a stronger reducing agent than Fe

(ii) Complete the following equation Cro SHINO, >

CBSE SOP 2018

All India

87. (i) How would you account for the following"

(a) Highest fluoride of Mn is MrF, whereas the highest oxide is Mn ₂0,

(b) Transition metals and their compounds show catalytic properties

(ii) Complete the following equation.

3MnO₂ + 4H

88. From the given data of Evalues, answer the following questions.

Foreign 2015

0.91 Me Fe -0.44 0.28 Ni

(1) Why is EC value exceptionally positive?

(ii) Why is E value highly negative as (Mn (Mn) compared to other elements?

(iii) Which is a stronger reducing agent Cr2 or Fe2 ? Give reason. All India 2015

89. Assign suitable reasons for the following. (i) The Mn2 compounds are more
stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to their +3 state.

(ii) In the 3d-series from Sc (Z-21) to Zn (Z-30), the enthalpy of atomisation of

Zn is the lowest.

(iii) Sc" is colourless in aqueous solution, whereas Ti" is coloured. Foreign 2014

90. Complete the following chemical equations. (i) Cr₂0² +6Fe²+14H* →

(ii) 2Cro+2H*

(iii) 2MnO, +5C,0 +16H*

91. Explain

the following observations (1) The enthalpies of atomisation of transition elements

are quite high.

Delhi 2013
(ii) There occurs much more frequent metal-metal bonding in compounds of heavy
transition metals (i.c. 4d and d-series).

(iii) Me is much more resistant than Fe towards Delhi 2012

KMnO,

c) Cr₂OH.SH

Delhi 2011

93. How would you account for the following?

(1) Metal-metal bonding is more extensive in the 4d and 5d-series of transition

elements than 3d-senes

(n) Mn (III) undergoes disproportionation reaction easily

(i) Co (II) is casily oxidised in the presence of strong ligands Foreign 2011

94 Explain the following

(i) Cu' is not known in aqueous solution

(i) With same (di configuration, Cr(II) is reducing. whereas Mn(III) is oxidising.

(1) Transition metals in general act as good catalysts. Foreign 2011

95. Compare the stability of +2 oxidation state for the

elements of the first transition series. (Atomic number of Sc=21 to Cu = 29) Delhi
2011C

96. Describe the preparation of potassium permanganate from pyrolusite ore. Write
the ionic equation for the reaction that takes place between acidified KMnO
solution and iron (II) ions Delhi 2010C

97. Account for the following

(1) The enthalpies of atomisation of the transition metals are high.

(i) The lowest oxide of a transition metal is basic, the highest is amphoteric or
acidic.

(iii) Cobalt (II) is stable in aqueous solution but in the presence of complexing
agents, it is easily oxidised. All India 2010C

5 Mark Questions

98. (1) Account for the following.

(a) Zn³ salts are colorless while Ni³ salts are coloured

(b) Cr is (c) Transition metals and their compounds show catalytic activities

a strong reducing agent

(1) Write the sonic equation for the oxidising action of MnO, in acidic medium with

(a) Iion, and (b) Fe² ion

negative E

is highly positive

(c) Cu son is unstable in aqueous solution.

(1) Write the equations involved in the preparation of KMnO, from pyrolusite ore
(MnO, CBSE 2023

100. Answer the following

(1) Why are all copper halides known except that

copper todide

(1) Why is the E

y value for vanadium is

comparatively low?

(in) Why HCI should not be used for potassium permanganate titrations?

(iv) Explain the observation, at the end of each period, there is a slight increase
in the atomic radius of d-block clements.

(v) What is the effect of pH on dichromate ion solution? CBSE

101. (i) Account for the following.

(a) Mn shows the highest oxidation state of +7 with oxygen but with fluorine, it
shows the highest oxidation state of +4

(b) C² is a strong reducing agent. (c) Cu² salts are coloured, while Zn² salts are
white.

(ii) Complete the following equations.

(a) 2MnO, -4KOH + 0₂

(b) Cr₂014H* +61

All India 2015 102. The elements of 3d transition series are given as Sc Ti V Cr Mn
Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Answer the following.

(1) Write the element which shows maximum number of oxidation states. Give reason.
(ii) Which element has the highest melting point? (in) Which element shows only +3
oxidation state? (iv) Which element is a strong oxidising agent in +3 oxidation
state and why? Delhi 2015

CBSE 2023

103. (0) Complete the following equations

(a) Cr₂0 - 20H -

SQP 2023