for Business

Senior
Quarter
Ethics
Highand
2School
/ Social
Week(ABM)
1Responsibility
AND RESPONSIBILITIES
ACCOUNTABILITIES
ENTREPRENEURS OF
4
 LESSON RESPONSIBILITIES AND
ACCOUNTABILITIES OF ENTREPRENEURS
1
TO EMPLOYEES, GOVERNMENT,
CREDITORS AND SUPPLIERS

OBJECTIVES:
K: Identify the responsibility and accountability of
entrepreneurs to employees, government, creditors and
suppliers;
S: Discuss the responsibilities and accountabilities of
entrepreneurs to employees, government, creditors and
suppliers; and
A: Appreciate the importance of the responsibilities of
entrepreneurs to employees, government, creditors and
suppliers

I. WHAT HAPPENED

Pre-Activity
Put yourself in a work place either you are a housekeeper in a beach resort, a service
crew in a fast-food chain or any work you have known. Write your responsibilities as an
employee and the responsibilities of the employer in this covid-19 disease pandemic. Write
your answer in your activity notebook.
 II. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

KEY TERMS!

Responsibility – refers to the duty or obligation to satisfactorily perform or complete a task

(assigned by someone, or created by one’s own circumstances) that one must fulfill, and
which has a consequent penalty
for failure.
DISCUSSION
Accountability – is the obligation to demonstrate that work has been conducted in
compliance with agreed rules and standards or to report RESPONSIBILITIES and
ACCOUNTABILITIES of ENTREPRENEURS fairly and accurately on performance
results vis To Employees, Government, Creditors and Suppliers-à-vis mandated roles
and/or plans.An entrepreneur is one who organizes, manages and assumes the risk
of an enterprise. An entrepreneur should be aware of the ethics and social

DISCUSSION
RESPONSIBILITIES and ACCOUNTABILITIES of ENTREPRENEURS
To Employees, Government, Creditors and Suppliers

An entrepreneur is one who organizes, manages and assumes the risk of an enterprise.
An entrepreneur should be aware of the ethics and social standard follow them.

A. Employee
Employees are the true assets of an organization. They are the ones who contribute
effectively towards the success of every business so, in return entrepreneur has
responsibilities and accountabilities to fulfill for the safety and welfare of their employees.
The following are the responsibilities and accountabilities of an entrepreneur to his/her
employees.

1. Pay Wages/Salaries and Taxes

The company should have an attractive compensation packages to attract more
potential talents who can be a help in achieving organization’s long-term goals.
Entrepreneurs have the responsibility to pay their employees of their business at least
the minimum hourly wage in their locality. Wages/salaries should always be on time and
without delay so as the employees can meet their individual obligations thus, motivates them
to stay and do well in the business.

2. Assignment of Right Jobs

Taking into consideration the technical and the educational background of the employees in
assigning them to the job where they are good at or aligned with their skills and abilities.
Mismatching of jobs with employee’s qualification is discouraged.
However, companies don’t mean to place employees in the wrong position… but it
happens
 Rapid growth
 Sudden vacancies
 And other demands can prompt employees to make rushed hiring decisions.

3. Create and Maintain an Ergonomic (the study of people in their working environment)
Workplace
What is the goal of this?
The goal is to eliminate discomfort and risk of injury due to work.
Entrepreneurs must also make employees aware of areas in their business that have a
high risk for injury and train their employees in safety procedures to minimize the risk of
injury. Working environment that are properly ventilated and illuminated improve
employee’s performance, their health and well-being.

4. Facilitate Employees’ Compensation Insurance

When injuries occur through no fault of their employees, it’s their responsibility to file
a claim with their employees’ insurance provider.
Businesses must treat their injured employee with respect and file the claim without
attempting to cause a delay in processing or attempt to deter (to prevent someone from
doing something by making it difficult for that person to do it) the worker from filing a
claim at all.

5. Support Career Development

Career development is providing support and encouragement for employees to
enhance their skills and capabilities as an employee. Provide a human resources development
system that supports the careers of employees, a self-development support program, and
transfer opportunities for willing employees.

6. Train and Educate Employees

How does training and development improve employee’s performance?

Training and development

Acquisition of new knowledge and skills through the professional and personal development
of employees is a pre-requisite and a guarantee of business’s success. Professional
development also includes dialogues with colleagues, peer mentoring and peer collaboration
for achieving business goals.
 Every individual wants to develop. So, the responsibility of the entrepreneur is that he
should make all possible efforts for the individual development of the employees and may
impartially provide those equal opportunities for that. These opportunities include imparting
(give) education and training, give timely promotions, transfers at the right time and their
participation in the management of the business, etc.

7. Enforce Anti-Discrimination Law

What are the anti-discrimination laws in the Philippines?
The Bill of Rights in the 1987 Constitution guarantees equal protection for every
Filipino, and prohibits discrimination of persons based on ethnicity, race, religion or
belief, political inclination, social class, sex, gender identity, gender expression (how a
person publicly expresses or presents their gender, this include behavior and outward
appearance such as dress, hair, make-up, body language and voice), civil status and medical
condition.

Employees cannot be disadvantaged, dismissed, or not given employment for any

reasons mentioned. Any problems or issues that arise with guests or colleagues from overseas
may require involvement of embassies, government agencies, local cultural groups, or
diplomatic services to help resolve them.

8. Respect Human Rights

Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the
world, from birth until death. They apply regardless of where you are from, what you
believe or how you choose to live your life. Through this, the section 11 of Article II of
the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines declares that the State values
the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights.

Why it is called a HUMAN right?

They are called humans rights because they are universal. Whereas nations or
specialized groups enjoy specific rights that apply only to them, human rights are the rights to
which everyone is entitled-no matter who they are or where they live-simple because they are
alive.

Why human right is important?

Human rights are needed to protect and preserve every individual’s humanity, to
ensure that every individual can live a life that is worthy of a human being.

Business operations are interrelated with a wide range of people and societies
throughout the world, and implements and enforces a code of conduct that fosters respect for
human rights.

9. Give rewards and Benefits

Reward employees fairly and attractively, in line with the prevailing conditions on the
local market. Gather data from the labor market on a regular basis, ensuring that reward
structures remain competitive. Employees are more likely to strive in their work if there is
anticipated reward, they’ve value, such as salary increase, bonus, and promotion, rather than
if there is none.
It is also mandated in the Labor Code of the Philippines that entrepreneur should pay
fringe benefits such as PhilHealth, Social Security, PAG-IBIG, taxes out of employees’
wages/salaries for each employee working in their business.
Recognition boosts esteem and morale in which employees feel important, satisfied,
and inspired. Recognizing employees for accomplishments can be an important reason for
employees to stay.
Providing these benefits motivate many employees to stay and do well in the business.

Why is it important to have benefits?

Benefits are important aspect of human resource management as it helps the workforce
going. These compensations keep the workforce motivated to achieve more. It helps the
organization award its employees on the basis of their performance and helps them excel at
every venture they undertake.

10. Give security of Employment

The entrepreneur should provide employment security to the employees of his
organization, which will cause the sense of satisfaction among them and they will work with
full interest, dedication, and commitment and will feel free from the apprehensions of losing a
job and will have the higher degree of faith in the employer.

B. GOVERNMENT
In Business, the responsibilities of entrepreneurs towards the government,
professional institutes, and other business institutions are very essential. The government sets
the targets for the balanced and rapid economic development of the country.
Responsibilities and accountabilities of entrepreneurs to the government are:
1. Compliance of government rules
The rules framed by the government for business should be fully complied with. The
entrepreneur should follow the laws regarding obtaining licenses for a specific business,
running of the business, price identification and even production of goods and services.

2. Payment of Taxes
The government imposes various types of taxes, like
 income Taxes (a tax levied on the wages, salaries, dividends, interest and
other income a person earns throughout the year),
 sales tax (is an additional amount of money you pay based on a
percentage of the selling price of goods and services that are purchased),
 excise tax (is a tax on the production, sale, or consumption of a
commodity in the country)
Why does the government impose excise tax?
Excise taxes are sometimes used to discourage the sale of goods that the
government thinks are harmful to the public health like cigarettes, alcohol,
and high pollutant gasoline.
  tariff duties - a tax levied by government on the value including freight and
insurance of imported products.
 wealth tax – is imposed on an individual’s net wealth or the market value of
their total owned assets minus liabilities.
IS WEALTH TAX AND INCOME TAX SAME?
They are both a form of direct tax. Income tax is levied on the income
or profits of the person whereas wealth tax is levied on the assets owned by
individuals.

on the entrepreneur and business, for raising financial resources. Entrepreneurs should
honestly pay these taxes.

3. Not to correct the Government Machinery (or to conduct business in accordance with
government policies)
The Machinery of the Government or MoG is the interconnected structures and
processes of government, such as the functions and accountability of departments in the
executive branch.

The National Government is the entire machinery of the central government, as

distinguished from the different forms of local governments. Local government is the
political subdivisions established by or in accordance with the Constitution.

The government appoints the officers to implement its policies. The social
responsibility of the entrepreneur is that he may not correct the government officers and
employees for getting wrong favors or some Anti-social purposes.

4. Not to Seek Political Patronage by Unfair Means

The responsibility of the entrepreneurs is that they do not seek political patronage by
providing undue economic help to any political party or politicians during elections. By
giving anti-social activities with political patronage hits the democratic values.

It is the responsibility the entrepreneur not to seek for any political support
through provision of unnecessary economic help to any political party or politicians
especially during elections.

5. Cooperate with Government for Economic Development

The government sets the targets for the balanced and rapid economic development of
the country. For that, the entrepreneur should provide cooperation to the government by
proper utilization of available resources in accordance with the government targets.

For example, the Philippine government aims to increase employment for retrenched
employees (an act of the employer of dismissing employees because of losses in the
operation of the business) during the health crisis.
C. Creditors
A creditor is an entity (person or institution) that extends credit by giving another
entity permission to borrow money intended to be repaid in the future.
Various plans are prepared for development and expansion of the business and for that
various projects are also formulated. For their completion, capital is the foremost
requirement, which is fulfilled through loans from the individuals, Financial Institutions and
Banks.

Responsibilities and accountabilities of Entrepreneur towards creditors are:

1. Obtain Loans on Reasonable Conditions
Some certain conditions are required to be fulfilled to obtain any type of loan. These
conditions should be reasonable, both for the creditors and the business organization.

2. Follow Mortgage ( an agreement between you and the lender that gives the lender the
right to take your property if you fail to repay the money you’ve borrowed plus interest)
Rules
The creditors provide loans in secured and unsecured forms. If the creditor has
provided the secured loan on the mortgaged property, the entrepreneur should follow the rules
of mortgaged property.

3. Follow Business Ethics

Both the entrepreneurs and creditors should follow the business ethics in providing
loans and in repayment of loans. The loan procedures should be honestly complied with.

4. Proper Utilization of Debt Capital

Loans are obtained for particular objectives. Hence, entrepreneurs should utilize the
loan amount only for the desired objectives. The loan amount should not be utilized by small
entrepreneurs for unproductive activities. Not only that, but loan capital should also be
invested only for objectives and projects specified for the loans. Loan capital should be
utilized with the utmost economy.

5. Regular Payment of Installment and Interest

The entrepreneurs should pay loan installments and interest regularly, according to
repayment conditions. If installments and interests are not paid timely, the loan burden goes
on increasing and it also has an adverse effect on the reputation of the business organization.

D. Suppliers
The services of the suppliers are also important for any business because they supply
raw materials, machinery, labor, and other materials. Without hem, the smooth operation of
the business is quite difficult.
Entrepreneurs’ responsibilities and accountabilities towards their suppliers are the
following:

1. Pay fair prices of goods at a reasonable time

The entrepreneurs should pay reasonable prices for the materials purchased from the
suppliers. Often, the farmers provide cotton, sugarcane, and jute etc. to various industries, for
use as raw materials. However, the Industrialists pay them very low prices for these
commodities.
Entrepreneurs should pay reasonable prices for this type of raw material.
The responsibility of the entrepreneurs is that payment to the suppliers may be made in time
so that they may not have to face financial difficulties and may carry out their operations
efficiently and smoothly.

2. Inform about Changes in Market

The entrepreneurs have the responsibility to provide regular information to the
suppliers regarding changes happening in the demand of the commodities in domestic or in
foreign markets. So that the suppliers may make necessary changes in their manufacturing
projects, according to the requirements.

3. Give guarantee of Minimum Price

The entrepreneurs should give the guarantee of minimum prices to the suppliers so
that they may feel assured about the certainty of the price and may continue to maintain their
will power.

4. Provide technical Advice

The entrepreneur has the responsibility to provide technical assistance to the suppliers
for the production of a new and substitute or replaces supplies/commodities. The
entrepreneurial organizations and Institutions and suppliers together should short research
projects.

5. Inform Suppliers of Future Developments

The Entrepreneur should provide information about possible future development to
the suppliers so that they will be aware of these circumstances, thus, develop and become
capable of increasing their resources so as to meet the increasing demand in the future.
6. Promote Healthy Competition
The entrepreneur should not encourage unhealthily and hostile (unfriendly)
competitions among the suppliers, for the sake of obtaining goods from them at the minimum
price, only healthy competition should be encouraged. Besides, encouragement should be
provided to individual suppliers and institutional suppliers.

REMEMBER KEY IDEAS!

A. Responsibilities of an Entrepreneurs to his/her Employees:
 • Pay wages/salaries and taxes
• Assignment of right jobs
• Create and maintain an ergonomic workplace
• Facilitate employees’ compensation insurance
• Support career development
• Train and educate employees
• Enforce anti-discrimination law
• Respect human rights
• Give rewards and Benefits
• Give security of employment
B. Responsibilities of an Entrepreneurs to the Government:

• Compliance of government rules

• Payment of Taxes

• Not to correct the government machinery

• Not to seek political patronage by unfair means
• Cooperate with government for economic development

C. Responsibilities of an Entrepreneurs to their creditors:

Obtain loans on reasonable conditions. Follow mortgage rules

• Follow business ethics

• Proper utilization of debt capital • Regular Payment of Instalment and Interest

D. Responsibilities and Accountabilities of an Entrepreneur to their

Suppliers:

• Pay fair prices of goods at a reasonable time

• Inform about changes in market

Give guarantee of Provide technical advice minimum price

• Inform suppliers of future developments
• Promote healthy competition

LESSON
RESPONSIBILITIES AND ACCOUNTABILITIES
2
OF ENTREPRENEURS
 OBJECTIVES:

K: Distinguish the responsibilities and accountabilities

of business;

S: Discuss the responsibilities and accountabilities of

business; and
A: Apply the importance of business responsibilities
and accountabilities in every business organization.

INTRODUCTION

This module focuses on the responsibilities and accountabilities of entrepreneurs towards to

consumers, general public, and other stakeholders. An enterprise must earn profits for its own
survival, for expansion, for bearing the risks and finally for the prestige of its management.
But profit cannot be the sole objective of the entrepreneur. It is a means and not an end ( ends
or goals, are what we aim to do, and means are what we use to do what we aim to do.
Our means are the things we use and the actions we take to create our ends. The
purpose of an end or goal is not to achieve some imagined or desired future, but rather
to resolves some present challenge) and ( something you do in order to achieve
something else, for example going to college is just a means to an end, a way to get a
better job). No enterprise can last long unless along with earning profits, it continues to
fulfill its obligations to the society. The ultimate objective of every enterprise has to be the
good of the people. Business must be run by the people through the people and for the
people.
An entrepreneur must take risks with his or her own capital in order to sell and deliver
products and services while expending greater energy than the average business person in
order to innovate. According to H.R. Brown, an entrepreneur, today, has an obligation
‘to pursue those policies, to make those decisions or to follow those lines of action which
are desirable, in terms of the objectives and values of the society. The entrepreneur,
therefore, has to include his social obligations and social values as inputs into the decision
and action process, along with organizational, economic, technological and other relevant
values and variables. According to Koontz O’ Donnell “Social responsibility is the personal
obligation of everyone as he acts for his own interests, to assume that the rights and
legitimate interests of all others are not impugned (credibility).”

DISCUSSION
According to Earnest Dale, “the manager sees himself as an arbiter (a person who settle
dispute or has ultimate authority in a matter) among the many interests of ‘public’
affected by the business, the stockholders, the employees, the suppliers, the general public
 and the consumers. It is his duty to divide the returns from the business equitably by
providing a ‘fair’ return to the shareholders, ‘fair’ working conditions and pay for the
employees or ‘fair’ prices to the suppliers and customers and to make the business, in
general, an asset to the local community and the nation.” The most important social
obligation of an entrepreneur is to reconcile and balance the various conflicting interests in
the best possible manner.

Responsibilities and Accountabilities of Entrepreneurs

(as cited in Jerusalem , Palencia & Palencia , 2017)

A. Responsibilities and Accountabilities to the Consumers

A business cannot work without the consumer. The survival and growth of a business
depend on consumer satisfaction, service, and support. The commercial organization should
win the confidence of the customers. This is possible by sharing a positive attitude towards
customers and fulfilling social responsibilities towards them.

1. Ensure Quality of Products and Services

Your responsibility is to offer customers the highest quality in your products and services
provide the best care and never lie to get a sale. A good entrepreneur is honest and gives a
good price/benefit. Never use marketing to deceive or sell false expectations. Quality goods
should be produce and supplied. Distribution system should make goods easily available “to
avoid artificial scarcities and after-sales service should be prompt”. Buying capacity and
consumer preferences should be taken into consideration while deciding the manufacturing
policies.

2. Ensures Consumer’s Health and Safety

A key consumer issue is the quality and safety of products. Customer’s need clear
instructions for safe product use, including assembly and maintenance. To avoid customer
harm and danger, anticipate potential risks of your product and services in the design stage
and throughout the product lifecycle, from R&D to manufacturing, storage, and distribution,
use and disposal, reuse and recycling. Whether or not legal safety regulations exist, products
should be safe for their intended use and if misused in a way that can be foreseen.

3. Provide Free Training

The commercial organization should arrange to train the customers either free or for a free.
It must be in the case of computers, etc.
4. Be Fair with Prices
The customer should not be cheated by charging high prices. It is unethical to charge
customers with a higher price than the suggested. Thus, fair price converts customer into a
permanent customer.
5. Be Honest in Advertising and Marketing
The customers want to know the facts, features, advantages, side-
effects, etc., of the product. The advertisement conveys this information. Thus, the company
must see the advertisement is not being misleading and it must be done by providing the true
and actual information.

6. Be Honest in Dealings
Never lie to your customers. It is foolish to cook false stories. You will be caught. In
today’s world, where information is just a click away, everyone does his/her through research
before purchasing something. You will lose respect in front of them. If you can’t deliver
something, please mention it clearly. They might not invest in that particular product but
believe me, would definitely come back to you in near future just because you were honest,
and guided them correctly. It is pointless to badmouth your competitors.

7. Attend to Complaints
The consumer complaints must be attended immediately. When major issues, occur,
employ a system for making decisions on steps and measures to take while placing top priority
on not convincing the customers.

8. Service Even After Sales

The company is expected to provide after sale service for maintenance of goods during the
period of warranty. Efficient and effective after sale service helps to establish a good
relationship between the customers and the company.

9. Respect Customer’s Time

Respect your customer’s time. Do not decide the time and venue as per your availability and
comfort. If the customer wants to meet you at 6 in the evening, make sure you are there on
time. Neither arrives too early nor too late. Do not keep your customers waiting. Do not
forget that there are several options available in the market. Your loss is someone else’s gain.

10. Treat Customers’ well

Treat your customers as kings and do not think of them only when you have a pressure to
meet your targets within the stipulated time frame. Understand that a customer buys your
products or services only when he/ she trusts your brand and most importantly believes in you.
Understand the needs and requirements of your clients. Find out as to why they need a
particular product and how your product would benefit them. You need to build a strong
relationship with your customers for them not only to remain your loyal clients but also bring
more people along with them. It is the responsibility of the organization to give correct
suggestions and feedbacks to customers. Avoid making false promises and commitments
which you yourself know are difficult to fulfill.
B. Responsibilities and Accountabilities to the General Public
To maintain a positive public image and attract new clients, a company must
understand its corporate responsibilities to the public. Ultimately, any business has
responsibilities to the public.

1. Be Fiscally (appropriate spending of money) Responsible

One of the actions prompted failure of companies such as Enron and Adelphia occurred when
executives gave themselves loans using company funds, according to RR Donnelley. While it
can be disappointing to consumers that companies need legislation to be fiscally responsible, it
would be naïve to allow company executives to keep raiding corporate bank accounts for their
own needs. When a company is caught up in scandal caused by executive greed, it can be
fiscally fatal for that company. That is why a company need s to enact and enforce guidelines
for its own that agree with the law but also apply specifically to the company, to avoid misuse
of company funds. There is a bond of trust between a consumer and a company that is broken
when fiscal fraud occurs. This goes for public or private companies.

2. Consider public Input

A company should be able to operate under its own rules and ideals, but a company should
also take into account the input of its customers to remain competitive, according to the
World Bank Institute’s reported titled “Public Policy for Corporate Social Responsibility.” A
company should reach out to its customers and benefit from the insight of what customers are
looking for in products improvements.
A company that creates an advisory board of a cross-section of its target audience gathers
recommendations on how to keep in touch with the customer base and how to improve the
company’s public image. It is the responsibility of the company to remain accountable to its
customers; otherwise, the company will lose its customers and cease to exist.

3. Community Oriented
A company exists because of the customers it serves and the community in which it is
located. The community provides most of the employees for the company, and the
community provides all the public services the company enjoys, such as electricity and
firefighting protection. In some cases, companies are given breaks on their utilities and taxes
in order to entice (attract or tempt by offering pleasure or advantage) them to establish a
location within the community. The company has a responsibility to give back to the
community that supports it with tax breaks and a labor force. When there is a community
event, the company should contribute volunteers, money, or something that would support
the event. The company should use local suppliers as it can help to support local businesses.

C. Responsibilities and Accountabilities to Other Stakeholders

1. Actively protecting the Environment

a. Comply with Environmental Legislation

• Comply with the Clean Air Act of 1999
• Store waste safely and securely, make sure it is treated appropriately,
ensure it is collected.
 • Manage your business waste for recycling by segregating it prior to
collection.

b. Dispose waste properly

• Appropriate steps should be taken in prevent environmental pollution,
and to preserve ecological balance.

c. Recycle
• Business is required to separate the following forms of commercial waste
for re-cycling: paper, card, plastic, metals, and glass.
d. Conserve and Protect Biodiversity
• Biodiversity refers to all species of plants and animals, including any
genetic variations within those species and the complex ecosystem
they live in.
e. Prevent and remedy damages to environment
Every year there are thousands of cases of damage to environment covering:
• damage to species and habitat
• damage to water
• risks to human health from contamination of land
g. Use Scarce Natural Resources Sparingly
Scarce natural resources should be used very carefully at these are depleting at
a very fast rate.

2. Operating with an Ethical Supply Chain

Stakeholders are increasingly aware of life-cycle issues with business supply

chains and are insisting on ethical sourcing of materials. For a jewelry company, this
can mean taking steps to ensure that you are not purchasing “blood diamonds”, which
are jewels from mines operated in near slave-like conditions and that fund brutal
warlords.
Large coffee buyers are increasingly sourcing their coffee from farms that
have been certified to operate sustainably by paying workers a living wage and avoid
clear- cutting rainforests and other forms of habitat destruction.

EVALUATION/POSTTEST
Test I. Direction. Read the given selection and answer the question written below.

Starbucks

Every Starbucks bar counter has a barista who is expert in preparing coffee. A Starbucks
barista is trained in grounding coffee beans, brewing, and serving fresh coffee. He/ She
should know all the regular customers of the store by name and remember their coffee
preferences. He/ She must also be able to pour coffee with one hand and whipped cream
with the other while talking with the customer. This is what later on called the Starbucks
experience. This is a unique way of serving coffee while building a more personal
relationship with patrons.

Today, Starbucks is the number one provider of not only the finest coffee-drinking
experience in the world, specifically in 24,000 stores in 70 countries. True to its mission, “to
inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time.”
Starbucks continue to meet this goal by creating value and satisfaction for its customers.

Based on the reading above, answer the following briefly:

1. How did Starbucks evolve from a coffee bean roaster to a café?

2. What customer need did the owner of the Starbucks seek to meet with the changes he
made in Starbucks?
3. List down the social responsibilities and accountabilities that the Starbucks Company
shows to their customers, general public, and to other stakeholders.

Rubrics in Essay

Focus Content Organization

5 Sharp, distinct Substantial, specific, and or Sophisticated arrangement of

controlling point made illustrative content with evident and/or
about the topic with content, demonstrating subtle transitions.
evident awareness strong
development and
sophisticated ideas

4 Apparent point made Sufficiently developed Functional arrangement of

about the content with adequate content that sustains a
topic with sufficient elaboration or explanation logical order with some
awareness of topic evidence of transitions.

3 No apparent point but Limited content with Confused or inconsistent

evidence of a topic inadequate elaboration or arrangement of content with or
explanation without attempts at transition.