NCM 119: NURSING LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT

(LECTURE)
PROF. CONSTANTINO MENDOZA
PLANNING

PLANNING 3. Planning is an intellectual process

 is deciding in advance what to do, how to 4. Planning involves choices and decision
perform a particular task, when to perform making
it, and who is to do it 5. Planning is continuous process
 Is a process for accomplishing purpose 6. Planning is all pervasive
 Is the most basic and fundamental activity 7. Planning is designed for efficiency
of the management process 8. Planning is flexible
 The term is also used to describe the PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
formal procedures used in such an
endeavor, creation of documents diagrams, 1. The principle of passion
meeting to discuss the important issues to 2. The principle of creativity
be addressed, the objectives to be met and 3. The principle of influence
the strategy to be followed. 4. The principle of timing
2 ATTITUDES TO PLANNING 5. The principle of priorities
 We need to be prepared for what may lie 6. The principle of flexibility
ahead. 7. The principle of teamwork
 Our future is shaped by consequences of TYPES OF PLANNING
our own planning and actions.
STRATEGIC PLANNING/ LONG- RANGE
ESSENTIALS OF PLANNING PLANNING
1. Clearly define the target/ goal o is a process in which an organization's
- It should be set by a person having leaders define their vision for the future
authority
and identify their organization's goals and
- The goal should be realistic
- It should be specific objectives.
- Acceptability o The process includes establishing the
- Easily measurable sequence in which those goals should be
2. Identify all the main issues which need to be realized so that the organization can reach
addressed. its stated vision.
3. Review past performance.
5 STEPS OF THE STRATEGIC PLANNING
4. Decide budgetary requirements. PROCESS
5. Focus on matters of strategic importance.
1. Determine your strategic position.
6. What are the requirements and how will they be
met. 2. Prioritize your objectives.
7. What will be the length of the plan and its 3. Develop a strategic plan.
structure 4. Execute and manage your plan.
8. Identify shortcomings and gaps
5. Review and revise the plan.
9. Strategies for implementation
TACTICAL PLANNING
10. Review periodically
CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANNING o Is the process of taking the strategic plan
1. Planning is goal oriented and breaking it down into specific, short
2. Planning is looking ahead term actions and plans.

DEGRACIA, JOHN NOEH D. BSN 4-E

 NCM 119: NURSING LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT
(LECTURE)
PROF. CONSTANTINO MENDOZA
PLANNING

o is a written outline of the specific actions  Hold a planning session or retreat to gather
you're going to take to address a problem input and shape the vision statement
or achieve a goal.  The leader should share information, lead
o Tactics are actions that are necessary to the process and shape the vision statement
carry out the strategies.  Draft the vision statement
o Strategies can be a combination of a  Communicate and reinforce the vision to
number of tactics with the involvement of the staff
several different people, working together  When creating a vision, it is important to
towards reaching a common goal. consider simplicity
 It should clearly present certain key values
ELEMENTS OF PLANNING in describing and defining the organization
I. ORGANIZATIONAL VISION, MISSION,  It should not be complex that is difficult to
PHILOSOPHY, GOALS & OBJECTIVES communicate/ understand
ORGANIZATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
ORGANIZATIONAL VISION  describes how you operate, what you offer
and how you are organized to meet your
 is described in terms of being 'an ideal
goals.
and unique image of the future‘
 can serve as a roadmap for organizations,
 Is a general statement encompassing the
helping leader/manager and employees
direction an agency/ organization wants
understand the goals and values they are
to take and the desired end result once it
continually working towards.
gets there
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
ORGANIZATIONAL MISSION
o Basically they are the same except that
 also known as a mission statement, is a
brief, broad statement about an goals are broaden and objectives are more
organization's goals and how it intends to specific
meet those goals. o Goals are the desired outcomes of the
organization’s activities.
 It can also be the reason why an
o Objectives tend to be precise, measured
agency/organization exist.
actions, with time for completion
STEPS TO PROMOTE THE VISION OF AN
ORGANIZATION
II. FORECASTING
 Educate staff about what a vision is and
why it is important o It is a technique that uses historical data as
 Develop a process to involve all staff in inputs to make informed estimates that are
creating the vision predictive in determining the direction of
future trends.
 Ask for specific input from the various
groups within the organization III.BUDGETING

DEGRACIA, JOHN NOEH D. BSN 4-E

 NCM 119: NURSING LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT
(LECTURE)
PROF. CONSTANTINO MENDOZA
PLANNING

o is a process of overseeing and tracking  You’re able to cut out activities

income and expenses. counterproductive to your
o Is a financial tools for planning, managing organization’s success.
and controlling scarce resources to  Cutting inefficient costs can allow you to
accomplish the goal and objectives of the redirect spending that assists in your
organization in a cost efficient and organization’s advancement.
effective manner CONS OF ZERO-BASED BUDGETING
TYPES OF BUDGETING  More time-consuming
1. Incremental Budgeting  Might not be able to adequately
 It is a type of a budgeting process that is measure their needs for the entire year.
based on the idea that a new budget can  The process might not include fixed
best be developed by making only some costs
marginal changes to the current budget.  If your organization is large, it might be
 Advantage: Simplicity, Consistency and too costly and require too much
operational stability, Funding stability, commitment from other departments to
Reduces internal rivalry. be a realistic method.
 Disadvantages: Promotes unnecessary BUDGET
spending, Discourages innovation, Fails
 is a spending plan based on income and
to account for changes and external
expenses. In other words, it's an
factors.
estimate of how much money you'll
2. Zero-base Budgeting/ Fixed Budgeting make and spend over a certain period of
 is a budgeting technique in which all time, such as a month or year.
expenses must be justified for a new TYPES OF BUDGET
period or year starting from zero,
MANPOWER/ PERSONNEL BUDGET
versus starting with the previous budget
and adjusting it as needed. o This includes the wages, salaries and
 A zero-based budget involves you other monetary benefits paid to a
allocating all of your money to different regular institutional employees.
categories. CAPITAL EXPENDITURE BUDGET
PROS OF ZERO-BASED BUDGETING o This includes purchase of land, building
 The budget is distributed in the most and major equipment.
efficient manner — based on current OPERATING BUDGET
needs, rather than past trends. o This includes the cost of supplies, minor
 You can easily turn zbb into a equipment, repair, maintenance and
repeatable process baked into the other expenses and trainings.
culture of your organization.
PURPOSE OF BUDGETING
 You have true control over how much
 Provide a forecast of revenues and
cost you cut.
expenditures
DEGRACIA, JOHN NOEH D. BSN 4-E
 NCM 119: NURSING LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT
(LECTURE)
PROF. CONSTANTINO MENDOZA
PLANNING

 Enable the actual financial operation of

the business to be measured against the
forecast
BARRIERS IN PLANNING
 Inability to plan/ inadequate planning
 Lack of commitment to the planning
process
 Inferior information
 Focusing on the present at the expense
of the future
 Too much reliance on the organization’s
planning department

DEGRACIA, JOHN NOEH D. BSN 4-E