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Chapter - The Structure of Atoms PPT-1

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The document summarizes the structure of atoms. It describes how atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge. The electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative charges is what holds individual atoms together. It then reviews the history of atomic models, including Lavoisier's law of conservation of mass, Dalton's atomic theory, the plum pudding model of JJ Thomson, and Rutherford's gold foil experiment which showed that atoms have a tiny, dense nucleus.

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Chapter - The Structure of Atoms PPT-1

Uploaded by

nabizadaabdullrahman
14 views17 pages
The document summarizes the structure of atoms. It describes how atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge. The electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative charges is what holds individual atoms together. It then reviews the history of atomic models, including Lavoisier's law of conservation of mass, Dalton's atomic theory, the plum pudding model of JJ Thomson, and Rutherford's gold foil experiment which showed that atoms have a tiny, dense nucleus.

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Chapter- The Structure of Atoms PPT-1

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The document summarizes the structure of atoms. It describes how atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge. The electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative charges is what holds individual atoms together. It then reviews the history of atomic models, including Lavoisier's law of conservation of mass, Dalton's atomic theory, the plum pudding model of JJ Thomson, and Rutherford's gold foil experiment which showed that atoms have a tiny, dense nucleus.

Copyright:

© All Rights Reserved
Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
14 views17 pages

Chapter - The Structure of Atoms PPT-1

Uploaded by

nabizadaabdullrahman
The document summarizes the structure of atoms. It describes how atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge. The electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative charges is what holds individual atoms together. It then reviews the history of atomic models, including Lavoisier's law of conservation of mass, Dalton's atomic theory, the plum pudding model of JJ Thomson, and Rutherford's gold foil experiment which showed that atoms have a tiny, dense nucleus.

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Chapter: The structure of Atoms

Today’s Topic:
Structure of the Atom
Learning Objective:
• Give idea about atom made up of.
• Describe the Rutherford model of the structure of an atom.
• Explain that electrons have negative charge, protons have positive
charge and neutrons have no charge.
• Explain that the electrostatic attraction between positive and
negative charge is what holds together individual atoms.
Recap:
The Periodic table of elements:
History of the Atom:
The first idea of Atom:
Investigating chemical reactions by Antoine Lavoisier:

• Antoine Lavoisier investigated the changes


that took place when two chemicals
reacted and formed a new compound.
• He found that the mass of product was
the sum of the masses of reactant
consumed, in every experiment. This is the
“law of conservation of mass.”
• It stated that matter is neither created nor
destroyed during a chemical reaction.
Dalton’s atomic theory:
The plum pudding atom:
The 'plum pudding' model of the atom
was proposed by JJ Thomson, who
had also discovered the electron.
According to this model, the atom is a sphere of
positive charge and negatively charged
electrons are embedded in it balance the total
positive charge. The electrons are like plums in
a pudding.
The Atom:
• The atom is made up of three main parts,
protons, neutrons and electrons.
• The number of protons determines the
identity of an element for example carbon
atoms have six protons whilst hydrogen
atoms have one, the number of protons in
an element is known as the atomic number.
• A large proportion of the atoms mass is concentrated in the nucleus.
Rutherford’s experiment investigating atomic structure:
• Ernest Rutherford's most famous
experiment is the gold foil experiment.
• A beam of alpha particles was aimed at a
piece of gold foil.
• Most alpha particles passed through the
foil, but a few were scattered backward.
• This showed that most of the atom is
empty space surrounding a tiny nucleus.
Ernest Rutherford and the atom:
The electrostatic charge inside the atom:
• Subatomic particles carry electric
charges. Electrons carry the negative
charge and protons carry the positive
charge in the nuclei of atoms.
• This differences in electrical charge
creates an electrostatic forces between
the nucleus and the electrons in the
atom.
• That electrostatic force of attraction
keeps each atom together.
Reference link:

https://youtu.be/8PRF-hrbAjk
https://youtu.be/IQ1h_gdVlHg
https://youtu.be/8PRF-hrbAjk
Quiz:

https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5f98c71b1ea7fc001b31fd88?source=q
uiz_share

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