1.

Menentukan Tebal Hujan Dan Durasi Hujan

Durasi (Menit) dan Tebal Hujan (mm)

Tahun
5 10 15 30 45 60 120 180 360 720 1440
2000 13.6 20.0 30.0 40.5 51.7 60.0 99.6 109.5 109.9 109.9 109.9
2001 17.0 21.3 30.0 47.7 60.0 68.9 72.1 75.4 104.4 119.9 119.9
2002 10.0 18.8 26.3 29.5 31.6 31.9 40.0 44.8 49.1 53.6 88.8
2003 20.0 30.0 40.0 69.4 66.2 86.8 107.0 118.0 130.0 133.5 139.8
2004 16.0 20.0 26.0 40.0 43.4 43.9 44.5 49.9 59.8 78.5 89.6
2005 10.0 21.0 27.5 35.9 42.3 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
2006 11.0 20.0 22.0 38.0 40.5 45.2 78.8 71.0 104.7 115.0 139.2
2007 14.3 15.0 26.0 38.5 38.5 38.5 42.2 43.6 47.5 64.4 87.5
2008 14.0 18.0 26.0 30.0 32.7 43.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
2009 12.5 20.0 40.0 50.0 80.0 116.0 124.4 126.0 128.6 128.6 128.6
2010 13.0 17.6 19.0 44.0 46.4 46.8 47.0 52.0 56.8 67.3 302.0
2011 15.0 25.0 40.0 45.8 51.6 55.3 58.2 58.4 63.2 66.3 78.8
Jumlah 166.40 246.70 352.80 509.30 584.90 686.30 813.80 848.60 954.00 1037.00 1384.10
Rerata 13.87 20.56 29.40 42.44 48.74 57.19 67.82 70.72 79.50 86.42 115.34
Stdv 2.927715 3.815628 7.062191 10.6 14.2 23.7 28.6 30.2 33.0 32.4 66.2

Durasi Tebal Hujan Rerata 2 2

No. X = log t Y = log d XY X Y
t d
1 5 13.87 0.69897 1.14197 0.79820 0.48856 1.30410
2 10 20.56 1.00000 1.31299 1.31299 1.00000 1.72394
3 15 29.40 1.17609 1.46835 1.72691 1.38319 2.15604
4 30 42.44 1.47712 1.62779 2.40445 2.18189 2.64971
5 45 48.74 1.65321 1.68790 2.79046 2.73311 2.84901
6 60 57.19 1.77815 1.75733 3.12480 3.16182 3.08822
7 120 67.82 2.07918 1.83134 3.80768 4.32299 3.35379
8 180 70.72 2.25527 1.84952 4.17118 5.08625 3.42073
9 360 79.50 2.55630 1.90037 4.85791 6.53468 3.61140
10 720 86.42 2.85733 1.93660 5.53350 8.16435 3.75041
11 1440 115.34 3.15836 2.06199 6.51250 9.97525 4.25179
Jumlah 20.69000 18.57614 37.04058 45.03210 32.15913

Persamaan :
n
d=k .t
log d =log k +n log t

Persamaan Regresi Linier Sederhana :

Y = A +BX
Y =log d ; A=log k ; BX=n log t

N .∑ X i Y i −∑ X i .∑Y i
B=
N .∑ X i2−( ∑ X i) 2
11×37,0405−20,6900 ×18,5761
B= 2
11× 45,0321−20,6900
B=0,34345 ; n=B=0,34345

∑ Y i −B . ∑ X i
A=
N
18,5761−0,3434 ×20,6900
A=
11
 A=1,04275 ; k =11,03441

N . ∑ X i Y i−∑ X i . ∑ Y i
R= 1 /2
[ {N . ∑ X i
2
−( ∑ X i ) }{ N . ∑ Y i −( ∑ Y i )
2 2 2
}]
11× 37,0405−20,6900 ×18,5761
R=
[ {11× 45,0321−( 20,6900 ) }{11× 32,1591−( 18,5761 ) }]
1/ 2
2 2

R=0,95631

Persamaan :
d=k .t
n
; log d =log k +n log t

k t n d
11.03441 5 0.34345 19.1782
11.03441 10 0.34345 24.33298
11.03441 15 0.34345 27.96876
11.03441 30 0.34345 35.48631
11.03441 45 0.34345 40.78859
11.03441 60 0.34345 45.02445
11.03441 120 0.34345 57.1263
11.03441 180 0.34345 65.66198
11.03441 360 0.34345 83.31085
11.03441 720 0.34345 105.7035
11.03441 1440 0.34345 134.1148

2. Uji Chi-Kuadrat
Persamaan :
x 2=∑ [ ( O−E )2 / E ]

Tebal Hujan (mm) 2 2

Durasi (O-E) (O-E) /E
O E
5 13.86667 19.17820 28.21234 1.47106
10 20.55833 24.33298 14.24798 0.58554
15 29.40000 27.96876 2.04844 0.07324
30 42.44167 35.48631 48.37698 1.36326
45 48.74167 40.78859 63.25138 1.55071
60 57.19167 45.02445 148.04104 3.28801
120 67.81667 57.12630 114.28400 2.00055
180 70.71667 65.66198 25.54989 0.38911
360 79.50000 83.31085 14.52258 0.17432
720 86.41667 105.70345 371.98018 3.51909
1440 115.34167 134.11483 352.43155 2.62783
Jumlah 17.04274

3. Intensitas Hujan
Pergitungan intensitas curah hujan pada tabel tebal hujan.
 No. Durasi Tebal Hujan Perhitungan I (mm/jam)
1 5 13.87 60 / 5 x 13.87 166.40
2 10 20.56 60 / 10 x 20.56 123.35
3 15 29.40 60 / 15 x 29.40 117.60
4 30 42.44 60 / 30 x 42.44 84.88
5 45 48.74 60 / 45 x 48.74 64.99
6 60 57.19 60 / 60 x 57.19 57.19
7 120 67.82 60 / 120 x 67.82 33.91
8 180 70.72 60 / 180 x 70.72 23.57
9 360 79.50 60 / 360 x 79.50 13.25
10 720 86.42 60 / 720 x 86.42 7.20
11 1440 115.34 60 / 1440 x 115.34 4.81

2 2 2
I √t
2
t I It I It log t log I log t.log I (log t) √t I√t
5 166.40 832.00 27688.96 138444.80 0.6990 2.2212 1.55252 0.48856 2.2361 372.08 61914.40
10 123.35 1233.50 15215.22 152152.23 1.0000 2.0911 2.09114 1.00000 3.1623 390.07 48114.76
15 117.60 1764.00 13829.76 207446.40 1.1761 2.0704 2.43499 1.38319 3.873 455.46 53562.43
30 84.88 2546.50 7205.18 216155.41 1.4771 1.9288 2.84910 2.18189 5.4772 464.93 39464.40
45 64.99 2924.50 4223.56 190060.01 1.6532 1.8128 2.99701 2.73311 6.7082 435.96 28332.47
60 57.19 3431.50 3270.89 196253.20 1.7782 1.7573 3.12480 3.16182 7.746 443.00 25336.18
120 33.91 4069.00 1149.78 137973.01 2.0792 1.5303 3.18178 4.32299 10.954 371.45 12595.15
180 23.57 4243.00 555.65 100016.94 2.2553 1.3724 3.09514 5.08625 13.416 316.25 7454.82
360 13.25 4770.00 175.56 63202.50 2.5563 1.1222 2.86872 6.53468 18.974 251.4 3331.06
720 7.20 5185.00 51.86 37339.20 2.8573 0.8574 2.44992 8.16435 26.833 193.23 1391.55
1440 4.81 6920.50 23.10 33259.25 3.1584 0.6818 2.15329 9.97525 37.947 182.37 876.46

4. Hubungan Intensitas Hujan Terhadap Durasi

1) Rumus Talbot
Persamaan :
a
I=
( t+b )

∑ ( ¿ ) .∑ ( I 2 ) −∑ ( I 2 t ) .∑ ( I )
a= 2
n . ∑ ( I ) −( ∑ ( I ) )
2

37919 ,50 ×73389 , 51−1472302 ×697 ,15

a=
11× 73389 ,51−486020 , 54
a=5467,387

∑ ( I ) . ∑ ( ¿ )−n .∑ ( I 2 t )
b= 2
n . ∑ ( I ) −( ∑ ( I ) )
2

697 ,15 × 37919 ,50−11×1472302 , 94

b=
11× 73389 ,51−486020 , 54
b=31,87507

a
I=
( t+b )
 5467,387
I=
( t+31,875 )

2) Rumus Sherman
Persamaan :
a
I= b
(t)

2
∑ ( log I ) . ∑ ( log t ) −∑ ( log t . log I ) . ∑ ( log t )
log a= 2 2
n. ∑ ( log t ) −( ∑ ( log t ) )
17,4458× 45,0321−28,7984 ×20,6900
log a=
11× 45,0321−428,0759
log a=2,8209
a=662,064

∑ ( log I ) . ∑ ( log t )−n . ∑ ( log t . log I )

b= 2 2
n . ∑ ( log t ) −( ∑ ( logt ) )
17,4458 × 20,6900−11× 28,7984
b=
11× 45,0321−428,0759
b=0,6565

a
I=
( t )b
662,064
I = 0,6565
(t )

3) Rumus Ishiguro

Persamaan : I = a/ (√t + b) ..........................(iii)

a = 3876.208 73389.51 - 282373.685 697.15 = 272.7217

11 73389.51 - 486020.54

b = 697.15 3876.21 - 11 282373.68 = -1.25693

11 73389.51 - 486020.54

Subtitusikan ke dalam masing-masing persamaan menjadi :

 a 5467,387
I= =
( t+b ) ( t +31,875 )

a 662,064
I= =
( t )b ( t )0,6565

a 272,722
I= =
√t +b √ t+ (−1,256 )

Dari ketiga persamaan di atas maka, di dapatkan nilai I adalah sebagai beriktut :

t I (Talbot) I (Sherman) I (Ishiguro)

5 148.267859 230.138127 278.5317212
10 130.564262 145.99776 143.1346775
15 116.637427 111.874938 104.2491813
30 88.3617169 70.9725529 64.62142594
45 71.120421 54.3847386 50.02895793
60 59.508932 45.0244115 42.0280524
120 35.9992406 28.5631212 28.12281659
180 25.8047685 21.8873045 22.4287281
360 13.9518625 13.8851283 15.39344724
720 7.27166956 8.80861272 10.66323391
1440 3.71457276 5.58811242 7.433051857

Selanjutnya harus diadakan pemeriksaan mengenai rumus yang paling cocok digunakan.
Harga-harga I dari rumus (i),(ii),(iii) yang didapat dengan menggantikan harga-harga t
Talbot Sherman Ishiguro
t I
I Devisiasi M [(s)] I Devisiasi M [(s)] I Devisiasi M [(s)]
5 166.40 148.267859 18.13 230.138127 -63.74 278.531721 -112.13
10 123.35 130.564262 -7.21 145.99776 -22.65 143.134677 -19.78
15 117.60 116.637427 0.96 111.874938 5.73 104.249181 13.35
30 84.88 88.3617169 -3.48 70.9725529 13.91 64.6214259 20.26
45 64.99 71.120421 -6.13 54.3847386 10.60 50.0289579 14.96
60 57.19 59.508932 -2.32 45.0244115 12.17 42.0280524 15.16
120 33.91 35.9992406 -2.09 28.5631212 5.35 28.1228166 5.79
180 23.57 25.8047685 -2.23 21.8873045 1.68 22.4287281 1.14
360 13.25 13.9518625 -0.70 13.8851283 -0.64 15.3934472 -2.14
720 7.20 7.27166956 -0.07 8.80861272 -1.61 10.6632339 -3.46
1440 4.81 3.71457276 1.09 5.58811242 -0.78 7.43305186 -2.63
∑ [(s)] -4.05 -39.97 -69.48
M [(s)] -0.368272307 -3.633915534 -6.316687075

Dari perhitungan nilai devisiasi ketiga rumus intensitas curah hujan ( Talbot, Sherman, dan
Ishiguro) rumus dengan devisiasi rata-rata M [(s)] terkecil, dapat ditentukan bahwa rumus
Talbot memberikan hasil yang optimum sebagai rumus intensitas hujan.
 Kurva Intensitas Hujan
300

250
Intensitas Hujan (mm/Jam)

200

150

100

50

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Durasi Hujan (menit)

Talbot Sherman Ishiguro