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Bai Giang - C1 - Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanic

This document discusses linear elastic fracture mechanics and stress concentration factors. It defines stress concentrators as geometric irregularities that increase stress. Stress concentration factors are used to quantify the stress increase near geometric features like holes. Examples are provided to calculate stress concentration factors for different hole geometries and to identify the critical section of a loaded bar based on stress concentrations.

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22 views6 pages

Bai Giang - C1 - Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanic

This document discusses linear elastic fracture mechanics and stress concentration factors. It defines stress concentrators as geometric irregularities that increase stress. Stress concentration factors are used to quantify the stress increase near geometric features like holes. Examples are provided to calculate stress concentration factors for different hole geometries and to identify the critical section of a loaded bar based on stress concentrations.

Uploaded by

LHP
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11/2/2021

Linear elastic
fracture mechanics

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CÁC GIẢ THUYẾT


- Môi trường đồng nhất (homogeneous/ homogène); đẳng hướng
(isotropic/isotrope); đàn hồi tuyến tính (linear elastic / élastique linéaire)
 chỉ cần môđun Young (E) và hệ số poisson (v). Tồn tại vùng biến dạng
dẻo rất nhỏ khi xày ra rạn nứt
- Bỏ qua các lực do gia tốc và thể tích (không xem xét phá hủy động –
dynamic rupture / rupture dynamique)
- Giới hạn trong mô phỏng 2D: ứng suất phẳng (plane stress / contrainte
plane); biến dạng phẳng (plane strain /déformation plane); biến dạng
ngoài mặt phẳng (déformation anti-plane)

MODE I&II: 2D DEFORMATION PLANE


MODE I: ??? (GiỮA TẤM DÀY) / CONTRAINTE PLANE (-->
TẤM MỎNG HOẶC GẦN BỀ MẶT NGOÀI
MODE II: ??? TẤM DÀY)
MODE III: ??? MODE III: 2D ANTI-PLANE DEFORMATION

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Geometric irregularities (changes in cross-sections)


are a must in most of machine components:
shoulders for bearings, key slots for mounting gears
and pulleys, threads, and splines. Any change in
cross-section alters the stress distribution and
increases the stress.

Discontinuities are called stress


raisers and areas where they occur
Stress distribution near a hole in a are called stress concentration
plate loaded in tension.

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2 Stress concentration factor

Definition

“nominal stress” are generally calculated


using net section!
Stress distribution near a hole in a
plate loaded in tension.

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Example

Stress distribution near a hole in a


plate loaded in tension.

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2 Stress concentration factor


CASE: Plate with an Elliptic Symmetric Hole

Assumption (Inglis): influence of the plate boundary


is negligible
 • b << h

h • a << w
2a
2a a b2
K t  1  1 2 
b  a
2b radius of curvature at the
tip of the major axis

 
a
a  b  K t  2 sharp crack

due to the geometry of the hole


“Stress concentration”
does not have any material properties associated with
(A hole in either aluminum or PVC will have a same stress -
  0    Kt    independent of the material!)
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2 Stress concentration factor

ONLINE CALCULATION_STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTORS


https://www.efatigue.com/constantamplitude/stressconcentration/

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2 Stress concentration factor


Example
1. A large panel requires a hole of a certain size in it. To keep the stress
concentration under a uniaxial load to a minimum, would you want to
put in a round hole with radius of 1 cm, or an elliptical hole with major
axis of 1 cm and minor axis of 0.5 cm?

SOLUTION:

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2 Stress concentration factor


Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

R 1.25mm d 5mm

100N 100N
D1 = 15mm D2 = 10mm

t=2mm

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2 Stress concentration factor


Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

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2 Stress concentration factor


Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

SOLUTION:

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2 Stress concentration factor


Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

SOLUTION:

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