EXP8

CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS LABORATORY
CEMB 1021
GUIDED REPORT SEM 2 2022/23

Experiment No :8
Experiment Title : Concrete compression test
Group members :
1. Abdullah Hussein
2. Hasif Mustafa
3. Karrar Al-mohammed
4. Kishyal Nathan
5. Mohamed Fahad
6.Mohamed Osama
7. Ahmed Abdulrahman
Marking scheme for guided lab report:
Assessment of PO4(a) – use research method for collecting data (Rubrics) [15 marks]:
No. Criteria Total Marks Given Marks
1 Formatting and grammar/ spelling. 3
2 Introduction and objective 3
3 Procedure 3
Results:
4 6
data, figures, graphs, tables, etc.
Overall marks for PO4(a) [15 marks]
Assessment of PO4(b) - analyze and interpret data (Rubrics) [25 marks]:

No. Criteria Total Marks Given Marks
1 Analysis 10
2 Discussion 10
3 Conclusion 5
Overall marks PO4(b) [25 marks]
1.0 Introduction
Compressive strength of concrete is the force in MPa that is
required to break a concrete cylinder that has been cured for 28
days. It is calculated by dividing the applied force in N, at total
failure by the cross section of the concrete cylinder in m2 (1 Pa = 1
N/m2 ). The design strength of concrete is assumed to have reached
when the concrete reached the age of 28 days. The strength of
normal concrete at 3, 7 and 14 days is about 40%, 60% and 75%
respectively of the 28 days strength. Compression tests are
performed for quality control and compliance with specification. In
many practical cases, tests should be used against the background
of experience. Compression test is a destructive test for concrete.
An indication of compressive strength of concrete may be
determined by a non-destructive test using rebound hammer. The
concrete specimens may be cast in steel or cast-iron moulds of cube
or cylinder. The cube size is 100mm x 100mm x 100mm. The cylinder
size is 150mm diameter by 300mm length.
2.0 Objective
The objective of this experiment is to determine the compressive
strength (also known as crushing strength) of concrete. Reference:
BS 1881: Part 108: 1983 (for cube) and BS 1881: Part 110: 1983 (for
cylinder); BS 1881: Part 111: 1983; BS 1881: Part 116: 1983; ASTM C470-
94; ASTM C192-90a.
3.0 apparatus
Concrete mixer, Shovel, Float and Measuring apparatus.
4.0 Materials
Basic Materials: 1. Ordinary Portland Cement 2. Clean water 3. Air-
dried fine aggregates (sand) that is free from any lumps 4. Air-dried
coarse aggregates of 20mm nominal size that is free from any lumps
Concrete Mix: 1. Proportion of cement: fine aggregate: coarse
aggregate = 1:2:4 2. Water / cement ratio of 0.45, 0.55 and 0.65
5.0 Problem statement
There are several reasons why testing of hardened concrete is
important: (1) test can investigate the fundamental physical
behavior of concrete such as elastic properties and strength
characteristics; (2) When physical laws are not fully understood
testing can simulateexpected conditions to evaluate performance;
(3) tests to determined physical material constants like the modulus
of elasticity; and (4) quality control. Common characteristics of
concrete like strength and durability should not be considered
fundamental material properties. Variables like specimen geometry
and preparation, moisture content, temperature, loading rate, and
the type of testing device will affect the mechanical behavior.
Therefore, when defining some mechanical property it is necessary
to specify the test used to determine the value. Also, there is no
unique relationship between mechanical properties obtained from
different test. In light of these restrictions, a series of "standard"
tests have been proposed. There are several organizations such as
ASTM, British Standards Institute (BSI), and the Canadian
Standards Association (CSA) which publish standards. Small
representative samples of concrete do not in any way guarantee the
quality of the concrete. Studies have shown that there is not a very
good correlation between strength of concrete determined by
ASTM standard tests and the strength of the concrete in the
structure. However, there are many reasons to continue standard
testing: (1) test help ensure proper batching and proportioning; (2)
provide statistical information on properties; (3) reveal problems
associate with the materials; (4) helps ensure high production
standards are maintained; (5) documented testing will help identify
any structural problems that arise; and (6) strength test may be
used as a guide for construction operations.
6.0 procedure
Preparation of Specimens: 1. Clean the concrete cylinder and cube
moulds. 2. Calculate the amount of cement, water, fine aggregate
and coarse aggregate that are needed for making the concrete mix.
3. Collect the required amount of cement, water, fine aggregate and
coarse aggregate in separate containers. 4. Pour the fine aggregate
and coarse aggregate into the mixer. Mix the aggregate thoroughly
by rotating the mixer. Pour the cement into the mixer and mix
thoroughly by rotating the mixer. Pour water into the mixer and
mix thoroughly by rotating the mixer. 5. Place the concrete mix into
the cylinder and cube moulds: a. Fill the moulds with concrete in
three (3) layers. b. Compact each layer with a vibrating hammer or
using a vibrating table or by not fewer than 35 strokes of a 25 mm (1
in.) square steel punner. c. Compaction is until full compaction is
achieved and without any segregation. (Or compact until the degree
of compaction of as placed concrete at site is achieved). d. Finish
the top of the moulds with a float. The top of cylinder specimens
must be carefully smooth finished since it will be in contact with
the platen of the testing machine. 6. Store the moulds undisturbed
for 24 + 4 hours at a temperature of 20 + 5 oC (68 + 9 o F) and a
relative humidity of not less than 90%. 7. Strip the mould and cure
the specimens in water at 20 + 2 oC (68 + 4 o F)
Testing of Specimens:
1. A specimen was placed at the center of the plate of the

compression machine.
2. The load on the specimen should be applied at a constant rate of

stress equal to 0.2 to 0.4 Mpa/s.
3. The speed of the movement of the head of testing machine has
to be increased to increase the rate of strain as failure is
approached.
4. The compressive strength was reported to the nearest 0.5 MPa or
50 psi.
7.0 Result
8.0 Discussion
1-However, we noticed from the previous procedure that
sample number 3 had a different stress from the other two
samples, which was due to the vibration processing.
2-To minimize the error of vibration processing, it would
be prudent to set a reasonable time limit for the specimen
of concrete to be processed for a particular period of time.
3-Overall the experiment was quite successful given the
result it passed the require strength of the test which is 15
MPa.
9.0 conclusion
In summary, if all other variables are held constant, the
compressive strength of concrete will be greater when
using fine aggregate with fewer fin particles, larger
maximum aggregate size, rounded shape, or lower / higher
density.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS LABORATORY

GUIDED REPORT SEM 2 2022/23

Experiment Title : Concrete compression test

Assessment of PO4(b) - analyze and interpret data (Rubrics) [25 marks]:

1. A specimen was placed at the center of the plate of the

2. The load on the specimen should be applied at a constant rate of

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