Global Security

CONTEMPORARYWORLD.
GLOBAL
SECURITY
CONTENTS
WHAT IS GLOBAL SECURITY?
FACTORS OF HUMAN SECURITY
REALIST AND LIBERAL PERSPECTIVES OF

GLOBAL SECURITY
SYMMETRIC AND ASSYMETRIC GLOBAL

SECURITY
IMPACTS OF GLOBAL SECURITY
Get Started
WHAT IS GLOBAL
SECURITY?
Global security encompasses a

combination of military and
diplomatic actions undertaken by
countries and international bodies
like the United Nations and NATO to
guarantee shared safety and
stability.
CONCEPT OF GLOBAL
SECURITY
Chinese President Xi
Jinping has proposed
the Global Security
Initiative (GSI).
Core Concepts and Principles
of Global Security
1. Stay committed to the vision of

common, comprehensive,
cooperative and sustainable
security.
2. Stay committed to respecting the
sovereignty and territorial integrity
of all countries.
REFERENCES
https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjbxw/202302/t20230221_11028348.html
https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202302/1285925.shtml
https://www.rand.org/topics/global-
security.html#:~:text=Global%20security%20includes%20military%20and,ensure
%20mutual%20safety%20and%20security.
https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/national-security-versus-global-
security
FACTORS OF HUMAN
SECURITY
HUMAN SECURITY - "The protection of the vital core of all human lives in ways that
enhance human freedoms and human fulfilment. Human security means protecting
fundamental freedoms - freedoms that are the essence of life." (UNDP, 1994)
FACTORS OF HUMAN SECURITY

ECONOMIC SECURITY
Access to sustainable livelihoods, fair
employment, and economic
opportunities.
FOOD SECURITY
Access to sufficient, safe, and
nutritious food for a healthy life.
HEALTH SECURITY ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNITY
SECURITY SECURITY
Access to healthcare Protection from Fostering social cohesion,

services, medicines, environmental degradation, inclusiveness, and
vaccinations, and climate change, natural peaceful coexistence
disease prevention. disasters, and pollution. within communities.
POLITICAL SECURITY
Protection of human rights and
freedoms. Protection from political
repression, state violence, and
infringement on civil liberties
PERSONAL SECURITY
Protection of individuals from crime,
violence, human rights abuses, and
discrimination.
REFERENCES
https://www.un.org/humansecurity/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/h2.pdf
https://www.fao.org/3/W3613E/W3613E00.htm
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S096262980700039X?
via%3Dihub
https://www.slideserve.com/glynis/human-security-and-responsibility-to-
protect
PERSPECTIVES OF
GLOBAL SECURITY
REALISM VS LIBERALISM
Establishment of nation states

in the 16th century raised
issues about whether human
freedom and independence
was central or the
establishment of the state and
its survival was the primary
aim of political discourse
REALIST LIBERAL
State-Centric Decentralized
Cooperation and
Anarchy and Competition
Institutions
Balance of Power Balance of Principles
Military Power Human Rights
Power Transition Theory Democratic Peace Theory

LIBERALISM
Liberals believe that states can
cooperate to achieve common goals.
They emphasize the importance of
international institutions, treaties, and
norms in promoting cooperation and
mitigating conflicts.
Believe in peaceful change through
diplomacy, negotiation, and dialogue.
They argue that states can resolve
conflicts without resorting to war.
DEMOCRATIC PEACE THEORY
The Democratic Peace Theory states
that countries with liberal democratic
forms of government are less likely to
go to war with one another than those
with other forms of government.
Proponents of the theory draw on the

writings of German philosopher
Immanuel Kant and, more recently,
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson
REALISM
View global security as a
constant struggle for power and
resources in an anarchic system
A security dilemma occurs when
one state's efforts to enhance its
security lead to increased
insecurity for other states.
Conflict and war are inherent in
international relations due to the
competitive nature of states.
POWER TRANSITION THEORY
Power transition theory was originally
brought forward by Abramo Fimo Kenneth
Organski .
Its central claims are that the international

system is usually hierarchically ordered
with a dominant power at the top that
creates and sustains the international order
and that the risk of war is highest in a
situation when a dissatisfied rising power
has reached parity or even overtaken the
declining dominant power.
SYMMETRIC VS ASYMMETRIC
GLOBAL SECURITY
SYMMETRIC GLOBAL
SECURITY
A balance of power among
nations, where multiple
countries maintain relatively
equal military capabilities.
Characterized by a deterrence
strategy, where threat of
retaliation prevents aggression.
DETERRENCE STRATEGY
Deterrence is a strategy that seeks to prevent an actor
from taking specific action
SIGNIFICANCE DURING THE COLD WAR

Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)
The concept of MAD meant that both the United States and the
Soviet Union possessed massive nuclear arsenals that could inflict
devastating damage on each other.
SIGNIFICANCE DURING THE COLD WAR
CLEAR COMMUNICATION (THE RED PHONE)
The term "Red Phone" refers to a secure and direct communication

link established between the United States and the Soviet Union
during the Cold War. The official name of this communication
system was the "Washington-Moscow Hotline."
The purpose of the Red Phone was to provide a means of rapid and
reliable communication between the two superpowers to prevent
misunderstandings and reduce the risk of accidental nuclear
conflict.
ASYMMETRIC GLOBAL
SECURITY
Acknowledges that not all

actors are equal in terms of
power, and it focuses on
addressing security threats
from non-traditional or less
powerful actors, such as
terrorist organizations.
IMPACTS OF GLOBAL
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
~ SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE ~ GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS
MANAGEMENT
~ RESILIENCE OF VULNERABLE
~ CLIMATE STABILIZATION COMMUNITIES
(e.g., the Paris Agreement)
TERRORISM
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
~ INTERNATIONAL ~ DILUTION OF FREEDOMS
COOPERATION
~ COMPLEX ETHNIC AND
~ PREVENTION OF THE RELIGIOUS DYNAMICS
ATTACKS
HEALTH
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
~ IMPROVED PUBLIC HEALTH ~ RESOURCE DIVERSION
INFRASTRUCTURE ~ INEQUALITY IN ACCESS TO
~ ECONOMIC STABILITY RESOURCES AND VACCINES
QUIZ:
1.) What does I stands for in GSI?
2.) Who proposed the GLOBAL SECURITY INITIATIVE (GSI)?
3.) One of the core concepts and principles of GLOBAL SECURITY is to "Stay
committed to respecting the sovereignty and world peace of all countries."
(True or False).
4.) balance of power among nations, where multiple countries maintain

relatively equal military capabilities.
5. A perspective of global security that argues that states can
resolve conflicts without resorting to war.
6. One of the positive impacts of Global Security on Environment.
7. It is defined as the protection of the vital core of all human lives in

ways that enhance human freedoms and human fulfilment.
8-9. There are seven factors of Human Security, give two (2).
10. A strategy that seeks to prevent an actor from taking specific

action
11-12. What are the two theories relating to liberalism and realism?
13. One of the positive impacts of Global Security on Health.
14. Refers to a secure and direct communication link established

between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
15. One of the negative impacts of Global Security on Terrorism.

THANK YOU!
ANSWERS:
1. INITIATIVE
2. PRESIDENT XI JINPING
3. FALSE
4. SYMMETRIC GLOBAL SECURITY
5. LIBERALISM
6. SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT/CLIMATE STABILIZATION
7. HUMAN SECURITY
8-9. ECONOMIC SECURITY, FOOD SECURITY,

HEALTH SECURITY, ENVIRONMENTAL
SECURITY, COMMUNITY SECURITY,
POLITICAL SECURITY, PERSONAL SECURITY
10. DETERRENCE STRATEGY
11-12. POWER TRANSITION THEORY/DEMOCRATIC

PEACE THEORY
13. IMPROVED PUBLIC HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE/
ECONOMIC STABILITY
14. RED PHONE/WASHINGTON-MOSCOW HOTLINE
15. DILUTION OF FREEDOMS/ COMPLEX ETHNIC

AND RELIGIOUS DYNAMICS

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CONTEMPORARYWORLD.

WHAT IS GLOBAL SECURITY?

FACTORS OF HUMAN SECURITY

REALIST AND LIBERAL PERSPECTIVES OF

SYMMETRIC AND ASSYMETRIC GLOBAL

IMPACTS OF GLOBAL SECURITY

Global security encompasses a

1. Stay committed to the vision of

FACTORS OF HUMAN SECURITY

Access to healthcare Protection from Fostering social cohesion,

Establishment of nation states

Military Power Human Rights

Power Transition Theory Democratic Peace Theory

Proponents of the theory draw on the

Its central claims are that the international

SIGNIFICANCE DURING THE COLD WAR

The term "Red Phone" refers to a secure and direct communication

Acknowledges that not all

2.) Who proposed the GLOBAL SECURITY INITIATIVE (GSI)?

4.) balance of power among nations, where multiple countries maintain

6. One of the positive impacts of Global Security on Environment.

7. It is defined as the protection of the vital core of all human lives in

10. A strategy that seeks to prevent an actor from taking specific

13. One of the positive impacts of Global Security on Health.

14. Refers to a secure and direct communication link established

15. One of the negative impacts of Global Security on Terrorism.

8-9. ECONOMIC SECURITY, FOOD SECURITY,

10. DETERRENCE STRATEGY

11-12. POWER TRANSITION THEORY/DEMOCRATIC

14. RED PHONE/WASHINGTON-MOSCOW HOTLINE

15. DILUTION OF FREEDOMS/ COMPLEX ETHNIC

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