Structural Engineering

Semester: 5th, Branch: CE, CECA, Paper Code: PC/CE-502

Question Bank

Section-A

1) State Castigliano’s first theorem.

2) State Castigliano’s second theorem.
3) State Conservation Energy principle.
4) Derive Conservation Energy principle.
5) Explain principle of virtual work.
6) State the method of virtual work for truss.
7) Discuss sustainable development in performance of structure.
8) What makes a structure?
9) Write down the principles of stability, equilibrium of structure.
10) What is a structural engineer?
11) Write down the role & functions of engineer. Architect, user, builder.
12) What do the engineers design?
13) Write down the first principles process of design.
14) Discuss the Materials used for construction.
15) Write different types of Loads acts on the structure.
16) Define Dead load, Imposed load.
17) Define the IS codes for DL, LL, WL, Snow Load, & Earthquake Load.
18) Define partial safety factor & Load factor.
19) Explain the Behaviour and Properties of Concrete.
20) Explain the Behaviour and Properties of Steel.
21) What is characteristic compressive strength of concrete?
22) What is target mean strength?
23) Write the expression for modulus of elasticity of concrete?
24) What is durability of structure?
25) What is creep?
26) What is shrinkage?
27) What is ductility for steel?
28) Explain the stress strain curve of concrete with neat sketch.
29) Explain stress strain curve of mild steel with neat sketch.
30) What is brittleness of concrete?
31) What is proof stress?
32) What is maximum strain in concrete under compression and flexure?
33) What is Wind and Earthquake Loads?
34) Define Determinate and indeterminate structure.
35) How determinancy of truss is calculated?
36) Define Kinematic indeterminacy.
37) How Kinematic Indeterminancy is calculated?
38) Define compatibility.
39) Define Degrees of freedom.
40) Compare force method and displacement method of analysis.
41) Define carry over factor.
42) What is joint stiffness?
43) Define fixed end moment.
44) What is the distribution factor for the beam at wall supported and other is hinged?
45) Define distribution factor.
46) Derive the equation of slope deflection.
47) Write down the moment contribution at the end of beam in slope deflection method.
48) Write the relation between redundant and deflection matrix in flexibility/force method of
analysis.
49) Write the statement of zero force member for truss analysis.
50) Write the differences between two or three hinged arch.
51) Which one is indeterminate among two or three hinged arch?
52) Define horizontal thrust.
53) What type of load cable takes?
54) Define bridge components pier, abutment, deck, etc.
55) Derive the length of cable supported at same level.
56) Derive the length of cable supported at different level.
57) Define moving load.
58) State the first and second theorem of conjugate beam method.
59) State the first and second theorem of moment-area method.
60) Compare between Work-in-stress, Ultimate stress, and Limit state method.
61) Derive the expression for area of minimum tension reinforcement in beam.
62) Derive the equation of moment of resistance for reinforced concrete section in flexure.
63) Define doubly reinforced section.
64) Explain the types of shear failure mechanism with neat sketch.
65) Define nominal shear strength.
66) Derive the design steps for design of shear reinforcements.
67) Define flexural bond stress with expression.
68) Define anchorage or development bond stress with expression.
69) Define serviceability limit states.
70) Introduce different types of modification factor.
71) Define effective span and effective depth with neat sketch.
72) As per IS 456 define the span by depth ratio for continuous and simply supported slab,
cantilever beam, simply supported beam.
73) What is the Minimum percentage of reinforcement to be provided in the slab?
74) Define one way and two way slab.
 75) What is the Minimum percentage of reinforcement to be provided in the column, beam?
76) What is the maximum percentage compression of steel allowable in column?
77) Define slenderness ratio.
78) What is eccentric load?
79) Introduce the expression of design ultimate axially loaded of column.
80) Define tension member in steel design.
81) Introduce the type of connection available in steel design.
82) What is the gauge distance, pitch distance, edge distance?
83) Explain the steps for design the length of fillet weld in connection.
84) What is effective length of weld?
85) How size of the weld to be design for a joint?
86) What is rivet value or bolt value.
87) Explain different types of failure of joint with neat sketch.
88) How efficiency of the joint to be calculated?
89) When packing plate to be introduce in a connection?
90) What is gusset plate?
91) What is tack rivet or bolt?
92) Write down the expression for shear strength and bearing strength of rivet.
93) Write down the expression for tensile strength of plate.
94) Write the expression for cross sectional area calculation for different tension member
conncetion.

Section-B

Numerical

1. Determine the vertical deflection (displacement) of point C and the slope at the point C of
the beam shown in the figure. Take E = 200 Gpa and I = 150×106 𝑚𝑚6 .

2. The cross sectional area of each member of the truss as shown in the figure is A = 400
𝑚𝑚2 and E = 200 GPa.
 a) Determine the vertical displacement at joint C if a 4 KN force is applied to the
truss at C.
b) If no load acts on the truss, what should be the vertical displacement of joint C if
member AB were 5 mm too short?

3. Determine the displacement at D of the beam as shown in the figure. Take E = 200 Gpa,
I = 4×105 𝑚𝑚4 .

4. Find the statically determinancy/indeterminancy of the following structures.

5. Find the determinancy/indeterminancy of the following trusses.

6. Determine the deflection at points B and C of the beam shown in Fig using moment area
theorem. Values for the moment of inertia of each segment are indicated in the figure. Take
E = 200 GPa.

7. Determine the slope at point C of the beam in Fig. using moment area theorem. Take E =
200 GPa, I = 60x106mm4.

8. Determine the maximum deflection of the steel beam shown in Fig. using conjugate beam
method. The reactions have been computed. Take E = 200 GPa, I = 60x106mm4.
9. Determine the reaction at the roller support B of the beam shown in Fig. using force method
analysis. EI is constant.

10. Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown in Fig. using slope deflection
method. EI is constant.

11. Determine the moments at each joint of the frame shown in Fig. using slope deflection
method. EI is constant.
12. Determine the moments at each joint of the frame shown in Fig. using slope deflection
method. The supports at A and D are fixed and joint C is assumed pin connected. EI is
constant for each member.

13. Determine the internal moments at each support of the beam shown in Fig. by Moment
Distribution method. EI is constant.

14. Determine the internal moments at the supports of the beam shown in Fig. by moment
distribution method. The moment of inertia of the two spans is shown in the figure.

15. Determine the moments at each joint of the frame shown in

Fig. by moment distribution method. EI is constant.
16. A three hinged parabolic arch hinged at supports and at the crown has a span of 24 m and
a central rise of 4m. It carries a concentrated load of 50kN at 18m from left support and a
uniformly distributed load of 30 kN/m over the left half portion. Determine the moment,
thrust and radial shear at a section 6m from left support.
17. A three hinged circular arch hinged at the springing and crown points has a span of 40m
and a central rise of 8m. It carries a uniformly distributed load 20kN/m over the left-half
of the span together with a concentrated load of 100kN at the right quarter span point. Find
the reactions at the supports, normal thrust and shear at a section of 10m from left support.
18. A circular arch to span 25m with a central rise 5m is hinged at the crown and springing. It
carries a point load of 100kN at 6m from left support. Calculate
The reactions at the supports,
The reactions at crown,
Moment at 5m from left support.
19. A three hinged semi-circular arch of radius R carries a uniformly distributed load of
intensity w per unit length over its entire horizontal span. Determine the reactions of
supports and maximum bending moment in arch.
20. A cable of span 120m and dip 10m carries a load of 6kN/m of horizontal span. Find the
maximum tension in the cable and inclination of the cable at support. Find the force
transmitted to the supporting pier if the cable passes over smooth pulleys on top of the pier.
The anchor cable is at 300 to the horizontal. Determine the maximum bending moment for
the pier if the height of the pier is 15m.
21. A light flexible cable 18m long is supported at two ends at the same level. The supports are
16m apart. The cable is subjected to uniformly distributed load of 1kN/m of horizontal
length over its entire span. Determine the reaction developed at the support.
22. A cable is suspended from the points A and B which are 80m apart horizontally and are at
different levels, the point A being 5m vertically higher than the point B and the lowest point
in the cable is 10m below A. the cable is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of
30kN/m over horizontal span. Determine the horizontal and vertical reactions at each end
and also the maximum tension in the cable.
23. A cable of span 100m has its end at heights 8m and 15m, above the lowest point of the
cable. It carries a uniformly distributed load of 10kN/m per unit horizontal run of the span.
Determine the horizontal and vertical reactions at the support. What is the length of the
cable?
24. A simply supported beam has a span of 15m. Uniformly distributed load of 40kN/m and
5m long crosses the girder from left to right. Draw the influence line diagram for shear
force and bending moment at a section 6m from left end. Use these diagrams to calculate
the maximum shear force and bending moment at this section.
25. Four point loads 8, 15, 15 and 10kN have centre to centre spacing of 2m between
consecutive loads and they traverse a girder of 30m span from left to right with 10kN load
lending. Calculate the maximum bending moment and shear force at 8m from left support.

26. A train of concentrated loads shown in fig moves from left to right on a simply supported
girder of span 16m. Determine the absolute maximum shear force and bending moment
developed in the beam.

27. Draw the influence line diagram for bending moment at a point 10m distant from the left-
hand abutment on a bridge girder of span 25m as shown in fig and find the maximum
bending moment at the point due to series of wheel loads 100kN, 200kN, 200kN, 200kN,
200kN at centre to centre distance of 4m, 2.5m, 2.5m, and 2.5m. The loads can cross in
either direction, 100kN load leading in each case.
28. Determine (approximately) the reactions at the base of the columns of the frame shown in
Fig. using the portal method of analysis.

29. Determine (approximately) the internal moment at A caused by the vertical loading.

30. Use the portal method of analysis and draw the moment diagram for girder FED.
31. Determine (approximately) the reactions at the base of the columns of the frame shown in
Fig. The columns are assumed to have equal cross-sectional areas. Use the cantilever
method of analysis.

32. A reinforced concrete beam of rectangular section 300 mm wide × 650 mm deep is reinforced with
4 bars of 25 mm diameter at an effective depth of 600 mm. Calculate the neutral axis depth and
estimate the safe moment of resistance of the section adopting M25 grade concrete and Fe415
HYSD bars.
33. Design shear reinforcements in a beam of rectangular section having a width of 300mm
and effective depth of 600mm. The ultimate shear at section is 100 kN. Use fck=20 N/mm2
and fy=415 N/mm2. The beam is reinforced with 4 bars of 25mm diameter in tensile zone.
Design shear strength of concrete τc as 0.45 N/mm2.
34. A reinforcement cantilever beam of rectangular section 300 mm wide by 600 mm deep is built into
a column 500 mm wide as shown in fig.. The cantilever beam is subjected to a hogging moment of
215 KN-m at the function of beam and column. Design suitable reinforcements and check for
required anchorage length. Adopt M-20 grade concrete & Fe-415 HYSD bars check whether the
section is under reinforced or over reinforced.
35. A doubly reinforced concrete cantilever beam of rectangular section 250 mm wide by 500 mm
effective depth is reinforced with 3 bars of 20 mm diameter on the tension face and 2 bars of 16
mm diameter at the compression face at an effective cover of 50 mm. The beam spans over 6 m.
Using Fe415 HYSD bars check for the serviceability limit state of deflection using the empirical
method.

36. Design a singly reinforced concrete section of clear span 4 m which is simply supported on wall of
width 200 mm subjects to act live load of 6 KN/m. Consider M-20 grade concrete & give the
reinforcement detailing ( Assume suitable section)
37. Design a cantilever beam of clear span 3 m supported at its one end of the pillar of width 400 mm
supposed to act live load of 20 KN/m. Consider material property as M-20 grade concrete & Fe-
415 HYSD bars. Also design development length, deflection, check & reinforcement details.
38. Design a slab for an office building with following data:
I. Size of floor is 4m by 6m (clear distance)
II. Edge condition: one long edge discontinuous.
III. Materials used: M-20 grade concrete and Fe-415 HYSD bars
IV. α x= 0.067 (-ve) and 0.051 (+ve)
V. α y= 0.037 (-ve) and 0.028 (+ve)
39. Design the reinforcements in a column of size 400mm by 600mm subjected to an axial load of 2000
kN. The column has an unsupported length of 3m and is braced against sidesway in both directions.
Adopt M-20 grade concrete and Fe-415 HYSD bars.
40. Determine the strength of double cover butt joint to connect two flat 200 F12. The thickness
of each cover plate is 8 mm. Flats have been joints by 9 rivets in chain riveting at a gauge
of 60 mm & edge distance 40 mm. What is the efficiency of the joint adopt working stress
in rivet? Shear stress for power driven rivet =100 N/mm2. Bearing stress for power driven
rivet =300 N/mm2 & strength of plate in tension =0.6fy.
41. Fig shows a joint in the lower chord of a roof truss. Design the riveted connection if the
permissible stress in shear, bearing & tension in plate are 80, 250, & 150 N/mm2
respectively.

42. A tie member 75 mm X 8mm is to transmit a load of 90 kN. Design the fillet weld and
calculate the necessary overlap.
43. A tie member of a roof truss consists of 2 ISA 90mm  60mm 12mm. The tie member is
subjected to pull of 250 kN. The angles are connected either side of a gusset plate of 10mm
thick. Design the welded connection.
44. Find out the safe load that can be transmitted by fillet welded joint shown in fig. The size
of weld is 6mm.
45. The main tie of a roof truss consists of ISA 150 X 115 X 8 mm and is connected to a gusset
plate by 18 mm diameter rivets. Find out the maximum load it can carry.
46. Design an unequal angle section to act as a tie member 1.56m long in a roof truss if it is to
carry an axial load of 120 kN. Use: (i) hand-driven rivets at joints, and (ii) fillet weld at
joints.