GG N II N TE

‘
.

mm:

K azwi n i

2 . B a d s ha h -
n a ma , of
’
Ab d u l -
H a mid
L ah or i m .

6 .
’
A ma l i S a lih
-
, of M uha mma d S a l ih

Ka mba
7 , Shah f ah mmm a of Mfihaflmad Sa d ik
-

Khafi

8 M a a lis u - s
j S a l a t in , of M u ha mmad
‘
“

S ha rif H a n a fi

g L u bbu t T a tfl arik h z H in d , Riki

’
of
‘ ’
- -
.

IU . Shah J a ba n ’
s just ice
l i e 1 1108 8 8
-
of S ha h j a han

HA P F Z P k pi S z- A fi a fg g
 PADS HAH N AM A -

OF

M U HAM M AD AM IN KAZWI N I

( T he a u th r of o t his work in his preface gives it t he t itl e

of P a d s ha h na ma , bu t l ik e
-
, several ot her hist or ie s of t he
h h h - na m
re ign o f S h ah j ah an , i t i s o f t e n cal l e d S a J a a n a, -

some t ime s more T a rik h i S ha h J a ba m

’

and sp ecifi ca l l y - -

Da h-sa l a T he fu l l name of t he au t hor is Mu ha mmad

.

Amin b in Abu -l H asan K azwini bu t he is f a mil iar l y ,

k nown as Amim a i K a zwini, Amina i

i
M u nshi or M irz a

Amina H e wa s t he first who received ord ers t o w rit e a

.

hist ory of t he reign of Shah J aha n T he ord ers were

.

iv e n, a s he t e l l s u s i n t he e ight h year of S hah J aha n

g , .

a n d he com l t t ed t his work comprisin g the hist or y of t he

p ,

first t en ye ars of th e re ign, a n d d ed icat ed i t t o Shah

a ha n in t he t wen t ie t h y ear of t ha t Emper or s re ign
'

J .

T he Au t hor in his pr eface says t hat he has d iv id e d

his work in t o a n I nt rod u ct ion, cont aining a n accou n t of
t he E mper or s l ife from his birth t o his accessio n ; a
’

D iscourse ( ma k a l a), comprising t he his t ory of t he (i n t

t en ye ars of his re ign ; a nd an Appe nd ix con t a in ing ,

n o t ice s of hol y a nd l e arned men physicia n s a nd poe t s

, .

H e al so me n t ion s his int en t ion of writ ing a se cond

v ol u me bringing d own t he hist ory t o t he t wen t ie t h yea r
'

of S hah j ab a n s reign B u t he d oes not a pp ea r t o ha ve

’
.

c a rried ou t his d e si n
g havin g prob abl y b een prevent ed
,

b his a ppoint ment t o a bu sy office , for Mu ha mmad

y
S al ih, in a shor t biogra p hy of t he a u t hor sa ys t ha t he ,

w a s t ra n sfe rred t o t he I nt el l igen ce D e par tmen t .

T his hist ory of Aminai K a zwini has bee n t he mod e l

u po n w hich most of t he hist orie s of S hah J aha n hav e
bee n formed .
’
Abd u l H a mid , t he a u t hor of t he
-

B a d sha h n a ma foll ow s it s arr angemen t , and al t hou h he

-
,
g
ma k e s no ack n owl ed g me n t of the f ac t , his work m
co

prise s t he me ma t t er
sa , an d d iff er s from it onl y in St yl e .

S ir H M E ll io t ’ s M S is a smal l fol io of 297

é
. . . s

bu t th
a
-

Libr r y of
Socie t y , a nd three co pies in the Brit ish

has bee n . ta knn

Asia t ic S ocie ty ) .
 B AD S HAH N AM A -

OF
’
AB DU L - HAM ID LAHO RI

f h i i’
'

(T his is a hist ory of fir s t t w e n t y y e t he

ar s o t e re
g r

compo se d A d ul a mi d L ah ori
'

of Sha h a ha n b b H
J y
.

L it t l e is k n own of t he a u t hor bu t M u ha mma d S al ih i n , ,

his A ma i i S a l ih informs u s t ha t Abd u l H amid w a s

’
’ -
-

ce l e bra t e d f or t he b e a u t y of his st yl e an d t ha t he d ied ,

in 1 06 5 A H ( 1 6 54 Abd u l H a mi d hims el f sa ys
’
-
. .

in his prefa ce t h at t he E mp eror d esired t o find a n a u

,

t hor who cou ld wr it e t he me moirs of his reign in t he

st y l e of Ab u l F azl s Ak ba r na ma ; t ha t he Abd u l
'
a nd
’ -
- -
,

H a mid ha d s t u d ie d and grea t l y a d mir ed Abu l F a zl s

,
’
-

l
st y e . H e was mme n d ed t o t he E mpe ror for t he
reco ,

w ork a n d w a s c a ll e d from P a t n a where he wa s l iving in

, ,

r e t ire me n t t o u n d er t a k e t he composit ion

, H is pa t ron .

wa s t he e xce ll e n t min ist er A ll ami S a d u ll a K ha n

’ ’
.

T he c on t e n t s of t he w ork a re : A P r e f ace in which ,

t he a u t hor d ed ica t e s his w ork t o S ha h J aha n A d escr ip .

t ion of t he E mper or s horoscope A c on cise a ccou n t o f

’
.

his a n cest ors commen cing w it h T imu r

, A brie f re vie w .

of t he proce e d ings of S ha h J ahan be fore his acce ssion t o

t he t hron e A d e t a il e d hist ory of t he first t w e n t y ve a t s
.

of t he re ign d iv id e d in t o t wo cycl es of t e n ye ar s e ach .

T he work compr ise s a l so a n e n u me ra t ion o f t he prince s

, .

of t he bl ood r oy al ; of t he n ob l e s o f t he C ou r t a rra n e d
g ,

a ccord in
g t o t he ir r e spec t iv e ra nk s from t hose comma nd ,

in g 9 00 0 t o t hose of 5 00 horse ; a nd an accou n t of t he

s ha ik hs l e a rned me n phy sic ia n s a n d poe t s who flou rish
, ,

e d d u rin
g t he pe riod e mbraced by t he hist ory .

T he B a d s ha h na ma is t he grea t au t horit y for t he

-

r e i n of Shah J a ha n
g -
Mu ha mmad Sal ih a you nger a nd
.
,

r iv a l wr it er spe ak s of t he a u t hor in t he hi he st t e rm
,
g ,
 ABD U -
L HA M ID LAH O RI

a nd K ha h K ha n
“
t he a u t ho r
,
of f t he M u n t a k ha bu
-

h b d hi h i f t h fi rs t t we n t y y e ars of
L u ba b, as ase s s t o ry o e

S hah j a ba n s re ign a l mos t ent ire l y on t hi s w ork T he

‘

’ .

j h a u t ho r s
’

i h w k i t e st l e
g r ea t e s t ob e c t o n t o t e or s y ,

w hich is o f t ha t a d u l t e ra t ed k in d i n t rod u ce d i n t o I n d i a
”2
a pp a r e n t l y b y t he b r o t h e r s Ab u l F azl a nd F a izi -
.

Abd u l H a mid w a s a s he himse l f st a t e s a professed a d

'
- ,
,

mire r a nd imit a t or of Abu l F al l s st yl e ; a nd w he n he is

’
-

l
d ea i g
n w it h a s u bj ec t d e ma n d in g h is e l oq u e n ce his st y le ,

is a s verbose t u rgi d a n d fu l some a s t ha t o f his ma s t e r

,
.

H a pp il y however he is n o t a l wa y s in a magn il oqu e nt

, ,

ve in bu t n ar ra t e s simpl e f ac t s in s impl e l a ngu a ge bl u r

,
,

re d o n l y by o cca sio n a l ou t br e a k s of his l ab ou r e d rhe t o ~

no

T he w o rk is most vol u min ou s , a nd for ms t wo

bu k y o u me s of
"
l v l t he B ib l io t h e c a I nd ica co n t a in i n g 1 6 6 ,

pa ges I t e n t e rs int o most mi nu t e d e t a il s of al l t he t ra n s

.

a c t io n s in w hich t he E mpe ror w a s e nga ge d t he p e n sio n s ,

a n d d ig n it ie s c on fer re d u p on t he v ario u s me mber s o f t he

r oy a l f a mil y t he t it l e s
,
gra n t e d to t he n obl e s t he ir ,

cha nge s of office ,

gme n t a t io n s of t he ir ma nsa bs
t he au .

and it giv e s l is t s o f a l l t he v a riou s pr e se n t s giv e n a n d

re ce ive d on pu bl ic occ a s ion s su ch a s t he ve r n a l e u in o x
q, .

t he ro y a l b ir t hd a y t he r oy a l a cce ssio n
, etc T hu s t he , .

w ork co n t ain s a gre a t a mo u n t of ma t t e r o f n o in t e r e st

t o a n y o ne b u t t he n obl e s a nd cou r t ie rs o f t he t ime .

B u t i t w ou l d n o t b e f a ir t o sa y t ha t it is fill e d w i t h t he se
t r ifl e s ; t he re is f a r t oo mu ch of t he m : b u t s t ill t he r e is
a sol id su bst r a t u m of his t orica l ma t t er from w hich t he ,

hist or y o f t his re ign ha s be e n d raw n by l a t e r w r it e rs .

M S S of t he B a d s ha h n a ma a re commo n a nd so me
.
-
,

fin e cop ies a re e x t a nt M orl ey d e scribe s o ne be l onging

.

t o t he R o y l Asia t ic S oc ie t y a s a most e xc e l l e n t speci

“
a

me n of t he O r ie n t a l a r t of cal igr a phy ” a nd C01 Le e s , .

sa ys : T he copy of t he se co nd part of t he B a d s ha h

2
C01 Le es .
, R 4 . . v ol . iii , N S . .
 B ADS HAHP N AM A

na me w hich has be en for t his e d it ion ( B ibl io t heca

u sed

I nd ica ) is t he finest M S I have e ver see n I t is wr it t en

. .

by M uhammad S a l ih K a mbu t he a u t hor of t he A ma l i

’
—
,

S a l ih, a nd be ars on t he margin t he au t ogr a ph of t he

E mpe ror S hah J a ha n ”
T he f ol l owin g E xt ract s ha ve
.

a l l be e n se l e ct e d :a n d t ra n sl a t ed by t he E d it or from t he
pr in t ed t ext )3 .

EX TRACTS
Phe E mpe ror J a ha n gir d ied
“
on

t he 28 t h S a fa r A H 1 03 7 ( 28 t h O c t ob e r
. . at t he ,

a e of fif t e i h t a rs a n d o n e mon t h sol ar re ck on ing

g y g y e
-
, .

P r in ce S ha hriy a r F rom h is w a n t of ca p acit y a n d in t e l l i

,

t e n ic k n a me o f N a s hu d a n i, ood for
“

g e n ce , h a d g o t h G - -

a n d w a s common l y k n ow n by t ha t a ppe ll a t io n ;
”
n o t hin
g
H e n ow c ast a sid e a l l ho n ou r a nd shame a nd bef ore ,

S ha h J a ha n ha d s t ar t ed (fr om t he D a k hin ) he re p ud i ,

a t e d h is a ll e gia n ce a nd w e n t off in ho t ha st e t o L a hore

,

t o a d v a n ce his ow n in t ere st s N u r Ma ha l w ho had be e n .

,

t he c a u se of mu ch st rife a n d con t en t ion n ow cl u ng t o ,

t he v a in id e a of re t a in in g t he re ins of
gov ern me n t in her
gra sp a s she ha d he l d t he m d u rin g t he re ign of t he l a t e
,

E mperor She w rot e t o N a shu d a n i a d v ising him t o col

.
-
,

l e ct a s ma n y me n as he cou l d a n d ha s t e n t o her , .

Ya mi nu d d au l a A saf Kha n a n d I rad a t K ha n w ho

-
,

a lw a s a c t e d t o e t he r d e t ermin e d t ha t a s S hah J aha n

y g ,

w as far w a y fr om Agra it w a s n ece ssa ry t o t ak e some ,

s t e p s t o pre v e n t d ist u rb a nce s in t he c it

y a nd t o ge t p os ,

se ssio n of t he prince s M u ha mma d D ara Shu k oh ,

Mu ha mma d Sha h Shu j a a n d Mu ha mmad Au ra n gzeb

’
, ,

T his a rt ic l e ha s be e n co mp
il ed by t he E d it or from
A bd u l H a mid s p re fa ce ,
’ ’
-
S ir H M E l l io t s no t es . .
’

M a r l ey s n o t ice in t he Ca t a l o ue of t he R o a l A sia t ic
’

g y
S o c ie t y , a n d Co l L e es a r t ic l e in t he j ou r na l o t he R o a l
’
.

f y
A s ia t ic S o cie t y v o l iii , N S
, . . . .

4
H is t it l e a ft er d ea t h was J a nna t ma k a n i -
.
 7
A BD U I -
. H M A ID LAHO RI

w ho w ere in t he f e ma l e a part men t s w it h N ur M aha l .

T he y t he refor e re so lved t ha t for so me fe w d a ys t hey

w ou l d ra ise to t he t hr o n e B u l ak i , t he son of K hu sr u ,

by N u r M a ha l s co n t riv a n ce had bee n pl aced w it h

’
w ho ,
,

N a shu d a n i bu t w ho ha d be e n p
-
,
u t u n d er t he cha rge of

I r ad a t K ha n by J a ha n gir w he n N a shu d a n i re t u rn ed t o -

L a hore from K a shmir ,

S o t he y pl a ce d B u l ak i on horseb a ck a n d wi t h , ,

a pa r t y o f me n in w hom t he y ha d f u ll c on fid e n ce t he y ,

co mme n ce d t he ir march , t a k in g c a re to k ee p on e d ay
a he a d of N u r- M a ha l
you n g prin ce s w er e As t he

no t sa fe w it h t he y re mov ed her from t he

N u r M a hal ,

r o a l p a l ace a n d t ook t he y ou ng prin ce s u n d e r t heir ow n

y ,

char e ; bu t w he n B u l a k i ha d be e n ra ise d t o t he t hron e

g .

t he y w ere pl a ce d in charge of S ad ik K ha n .

ACCE SSI O N OF S HAH JAHAN

S hah J a ha n a sce n d ed t he t hro n e
at Agr a on t he 18 t h Ju ma d a -
s sa n i, 1 03 7 A H (6 t h F e b
‘

. . .

w it h t he t it e l of Abu l - M u za ff a r S ha habu d d in -

M u ha m mad S ahib K ira n i -

sa n i .

REBE LLI O N OF j AJ H AR SI N C H
j a j har S ingh w a s son R aj a N
‘

of ar
S in gh D e o B u n d el a who rose in t o n ot ice by k il l in
g
,

S ha ikh Abu l F a zl t he ce l e br a t ed a u t hor of

-
, t he A k ba r
na ma , w he n J aha ngi r w as he ir a ppa ren t I n od ed i
e n ce t o or d ers from t he
S ha ik h w a s E mperor Ak bar , t he
ha st e ning t o Cou r t from t he D a k hin w it h a smal l escort .

J aha ngir w a s j e al ou s of t he Sha ik h’ s d e vo t ion t o his

f a t her a nd w as a ppre he n sive t ha t his a rr iv a l wou l
,
d in
t erefere w it h his o w n pl a n s So he in cit ed N ar Sin h
g
.

D e o t o k ill him a s he pa ssed t hr ou h his t errit or

g y T his
m
.

evil ind e d ma n from l u st of ol d pl aced a l ar e

-

g g forc e
,
,

of horse a n d foot in a mbu sh an d fe l l u p

on the S hia k h ,
.
T
e foll owers of
h
t he Sha ikh ad vi se d him t
o fl y a n d
s c a pe bu t he re fu sed a n d fel l in t he
ye ar 1 01 1 A H
e , ,
. .
 BADS HAH N AM A -

of J ahangir he
( 1602 Af t er t he acce ss ion
. t
o
t
t hrone , S in gh D eo r ose in t o favou r a nd d i st i nc
N ar
t i on

t hrou gh t his w ick ed d e e d B u t his ev il nat u re w as u n

.

p i d w d h d f t h
ab el t o he ar h is pr os e r t y a n t o ar s t e en o ,
e

re ign of J a ha ngir he bec a me d isaff ec t ed a nd oppressed ,

a l l t he za min d a rs in his n e ighbou rhood H e d ied t hree

or fou r mon t hs be fore J ah an gir a nd w a s su cceed ed by ,

his son J aj har S ingh T he w e a l t h a nd prope rt y w hich

.

N ar S in gh D e o had a ma sse d wit ho u t l abou r and wi t hou t

t r ou bl e u n se t t l ed t he min d of his wort hl ess su ccessor ,

J a j har a nd a t t he acce ssio n of S hah J ahan

,
he l ef t ,

t he ca p it al Agr a a nd proce e d e d t o U nd cha his s t rong

. .

hol d w here he set a bou t r a isin g forces st ren gt hening t he

, ,

f ort s p rovid ing mu n it io n s of w a r an d cl osin g t he road s

, .

A force w a s accord in gl y se n t a ga in st him u nd er t he com ,

man d of M ahaba t K ha n K ha n k han an ( T he I m eria l -

.
p
forces converged u on U n d cha a nd
p
) J aj har S ingh , .

having n o hope of e sca pe w a it e d u pon Kha n k ha nan .

-

a n d mad e his su bmission Ju st a t t his t ime int el l igence

.

a rr ive d t ha t Abd u l l a K ha n had t ak en t he fort ress of

’
-

I r ich ‘ which had been in t he possession of Jaj har S ingh

, .

S E CO N D Y EA R or T m: R E I G N . 1 038 A H . .
( 2ot h mac . 1628 . AD .
)
T he
y o f t he accession v
a n n i e r sar

wa s on t he l st of J u mad a s sa n i Aft e r t he d ea t h of -
.

J ahangir, a nd before t he a ccession of Shah Jahan, K han

j ahan Lod i e nt ered u pon a d anger ou s and d isl oya l
c ou rse .H e forme d an a l l ia n ce w it h N izamu I M u l k -
,

a nd ga v e u
p t o him t he B a l a ha t in t he D ak hin “ t he
g ,

re ve nue of which amou n t e d t o fift y five k ra rs of d a ms -

.

B u t S ip ahd ar Khan who he l d Ahmad na ar bravel and

g ,
y ,

l oyal l y refused t o surren d er t ha t c it Khan Jaha n su m

y . -

monad t o his presence a l l t he I mper ial servant s who were

6 5 mil es S E of G wa l ior
5
. .
.

p
K ha fi K ha n says t he t e m t a t ion was
,

six l acs of
pg
“
a od as — M u n ta k
. ha bu l L u ba bg
, -
 ’
A BD U - L H M A ID LAB O R !

m
pa rt s
al l f or ce a t B
He u rhan p ur u nd e r
l eft
in t hose . a s

i w l a t ed to
t he comma n d of S h
ik a n d a r D o t a n w o a s r e ,

him w hi e
,
l he h im se l f m arch e d w it h a l ar e force
g tc

M an d u w it h posse ssion of
t he in t e n t ion of t ak ing

w hich prov ince w as t he n u nd e r t he gover nmen t

,

M al w a ,

o f M ir Abd u r R a z zak w ho had rece iv ed t he t itl e of

’
-
,

M u zaffa r K ha n S ha h J a ha n procee d ed from Ahma d bad

.

by w a y of Ajmir t o Agra a n d t he re a sc e n d ed t he t hron e ,

T he n e w s of t his e ve n t a wak e n e d K ha n J a han a n d -

brou ht him t o a se ns e of his foll y a n d w ick e d n e ss

g
.

R aj a G a j S in gh R a j a J a i S ingh a n d o t her d ist ingu ishe d

, ,

R a jp u t s w ho ha d a ccomp a n ied him t o M a n d u par t ed ,

from him w he n t hey he a rd o f S hah J a ha n ha v in g a rriv ed

at Ajmir T here u pon K ha n J aha n w ro t e a l et t er of
,
-

con t r it ion an d ob e d ie n ce , in t he ho pe of ob t a in in g f or
giv e n e ss .

A roy a l fa r ma n w as se n t in a n swe r , informin g him

t ha t he w a s med in t he co n fir
gov ern orshi p o f t he D a k hin ,

a nd d ire c t in g him t o re t u r n a t o nce t o B u rha n pu r He .

t he n r e t ir ed from M a l w a t o B u rha n pu r a nd e ngaged in .

t he d u t ies of his office . But w he n i t w as re port ed t o t he

E mperor t ha t t he cou n t ry of B a l a gha t w hich Kha n
,

J a ha n had gi ve n t o N iz a mu l M u l k st ill re ma in ed in his - -

,

po sse ssion a n d ha d no t be e n recov ere d t he E mperor

, ,

a ppoin t ed M aha ba t K ha n t o t he governorship of t he

D akhin K ha n J aha n t he n re t u r n ed t o Cou r t T he E m
.
-
.

pe ror pa id l it t l e he e d t o t he r e port s a nd observa t ions

a bou t his im rop e r co nd u c t a nd for e i ht mon t hs passed
p g ,

n o re bu k e u p on him H e s t ill co n t in u ed mood

y and
.
.

d iscon t en t ed a n d re a d y t o l ist e n t o t he in cit e me n t s a nd

su
ggest io n s of mischie vou s me n O n e night Lashk ar i .

son of M u k hl is K ha n in a ma l iciou s mi schie f ma k in

g
, -
,

sp irit t ol d t he so n of K ha n J aha n t ha t he an d hi f
a t her
-
,
s
w er e t o be mad e prisoners on t he foll owi n
g d a y or t he
ne xt T he son t o l d his fa t her whose a pprehensio s
n
.
,

w e re inst a n t l
y aro u sed by t his mal iciou s re por t a n d he ,

k e p t cl ose t o his qu ar t ers wit h t w o t hous and Af han

g fol
 B ADS l l AH - N
‘
AM A

l owers . His M a j e st y a sk e d Ya min u d -

d a u l a Asa f K ha n
why K ha n J a ha n d id n o t a t t e nd t he d a r ba r
t he r e aso n
- .

a nd aft e r i nqu iry ha d been ma d e , it w a s a scer t a i n ed t ha t

he ha d fe a rs a nd su s picions , a nd he be gged for a l e t t er
u nd er E mp e ror s sign a t u re
t he
’
, forgiv in g him al l hi s
a n d re l ie v ing him from a l l his f ea rs
o ff e nce s
. T he
,

E mp e ror gra cio u sl y acce d ed t o his requ est a nd , se n t him

a k i n d l e t t e r u n d er his own ha nd H e t he n . ca me to

C ou r t a n d p a id his re spect s B u t For t u n e w a s a ggrie v ed ,

w it h him a n d so his perv erse t empe r pre ve n t e d him fr om

,

a pp re c ia t in g t he E mper or s k in d n ess
’

O n t he n igh t of S af a r 26 t he me n o f Ya min u d ,
-

d a u l a br o u ght in t he in t e ll ige nce t ha t K ha n J a ha n me d i -

a t e d fl i ht a n d he se n t t o in for m t he E mp e r or Aft e r
g .
,

t he first w a t ch of t he n ight K ha n J a ha n w it h his n e phe w ,

-
,

B a had u r a nd o t he r re l a t ion s a n d a d he re n t s be ga n his ,

flight As so on a s t he E mpero r w a s informed of i t he

. ,

se n t K hw a j a A b u l H a sa n a n d -
in pu rsu it of t he
f u git ive U n min d fu l o f t he small ness of t he ir own force
.

a nd t he n u mbe r s o f t he A fgha n s t he y fo ll ow e d t he m a nd ,

ov e r t oo k t he m in t he v icin it y of D holp u r T he fu git ives

7
.

sa w t he ir roa d of esca p e w a s c l ose d ; for t he w a t ers 01

t he C ha mba l w ere be for e t he m a n d t he fire of t he a v e n g

in g sw ord behin d S o t hey post ed t he mse lve s in t he

.

ru
gge d a nd d ifficu l t grou n d o n t he ba nk of t he r iv er ,

a nd , fe a r in g t o p erish in t he w a t e rs t he y re solv ed u po n ,

ba t t l e .
( Aft e r ma ny were k il l e d a n d wo u nd ed ) K ha n ,

J a ha n w it h his t wo son s a n d sev er a l foll ow ers re sol ve d

, ,

t o ha za rd t he pa ssa e of t he Cha mba l a l t hou h t he w a t e r

g g ,

was r u nn in
g high H e a nd his fol l ow e rs w ou nd e d a n d
, ,

u nw ou n d e d , in
gre a t pe r il an d wit h grea t exert ion .

succe e d e d in cro ssin g ove r t hu s e sca p ing from t he fire ,

o f b a t t l e a n d t he w at er s of t he st re a m M a ny horse s a nd .

mu ch b agga ge fe l l in t o t he ha n d s of t he roya l forces .

F
7
D ho l p
ur is a bou t t hirt y - ive f mil es fro m Agra ne a r
t he l e t f ba nk of t he Cha mba l ,
 10

AB D U - L A ID mu om
H M

f u git iv es, bu t o n re ach~

A pa rt y ga thered t o foll ow u p t he

h i v i w f n d t h a t i t c ou ld n ot
ing t he ba nk o f t e r er t a s o u ,

w i h b t n d n e n d ea vou r w a s ma d e t o
be crosse d t o u t o a s a a ,

coll e ct so me K h w a j a
.
Ab u l H asa n c a m e u
p - w h e n o ne

p
ah ar of t he d ay re ma ine d , an d af t er co n su t a t i on l it was
lv
re so ed t o st a y t here f or t he n ight , a nd r e st t he horses
wh i c h h a d m a d e a l on g a n d f a t igu e d ma rch B oa t s were .

co ll ect e d a nd
,
t he w hol e fo rce passe d o v er b e fore noo n

ne xt d a y a n d re comme n ced t he c has e

,
B u t t he fu gi t ive s .

pressed f orw ard w it h a l l hast e a nd t hre w t hemse lve s in t o ,

t he j un
gl e s Sof J aj ha r
ingh B u nd el a ,

Whe n t he t ra it or ( Kha n J a ha n ) e n t ered t he t e rr it ory

-

of J a j ha r S ingh B u n d e l a t ha t Chie f t a in w a s a bse n t in t he

,

D ak hin ; bu t his e ld es t son B ik r a majit w a s a t home a nd ,

se n t t he reb e l ou t of t he t errit ory by u n fr e qu en t e d ro ad s .

I f B irk r amajit had n ot t hu s f a v oured his esc a p e he ,

w ou d l ha v e be e n e it he rk il l ed He
t ak e n prison er or .

proce ed e d t o G on d w a n a a nd a f t er st aying t here some

,

t ime in d isa ppo in t men t a nd obscu r it

y he procee d ed by ,

w a y of B ir a r t o t he cou n t ry of B u rha n N izamu l Mu l k -

.

TH IRD Y EAR or THE RE IG N , 1 039 A H . .

( 16 29 AD .
)
2 l st On K hw a ja
t he R a ma z a n
Abu l H a sa n a n d a l t o e t her a bou t 8 000 horse w e r e
g
-
,

se n t t o e ffe c t t he co n u e st of N a s ik a nd T rimb ak
8
a nd
q ,

S a n ga mn ir I t w a s se t t le d t ha t t he K hw a j a w a s t o st a y
.

a t some su it a bl e po sit ion n e a r t he for t of Al a n 9 d ur in

g g
t he ra in y se a son u n t il he w a s jo in e d by S her K ha n from
t he prov in ce o f G u j a ra t w it h his prov in cial l e vies Af t er .

t he e n d o f t he r a in s he w a s t o ma rch b
y w a y of B agl a n a .

a nd ,t a k in g w i t h him some of t he za min d a rs of t he cou n

8
T hi s na me is he re wr it t e n, T ir ba ng bu t a ft e r
T ira mba k
”
wa rd s T r imba k ” T he r ea l na me is
“
or .

T ir a mba k or T r imba k . I t is a l it t l e west of N as ik .

here a ft er wa rd s
9
T he has
"
t ext L a l a ng " bu t
”
Al a ng .
 ll

BADS HAH N AM A -

t ry, ma k ehis way t o N asik T he Khwaj a marched fr om .

B urha n p ur. a nd i n eigh t d ays re ached t he vil l age of

n e ar t he for t of A l ang, a n d t here ha l t e d u n t i l
‘ o
D ho ya l i
t he rai ns shou l d ce ase Sher Khan , S u bad ar of G u j a
r a t , j oin ed wi t h me n, a nd t he Khw aj a se n t hi m
to a t t ack t he for t Of B at ora , in t he vici nit y of Cha nd or,
n e ar N as ik a nd T rimbak . S her Kha n ra v aged t he cou n «

t r y, an d re t u r ned with
gre a t poil s .

M U RD E R OF J AD U RA!

Jad u R ai, wit h his sons, gra nd

sons , and o t h er l
re a t ions hel d al t oge t her from t he I m
l overnme n t ma ma bs amou nt in
p eria G g to (per
son al ) and horse H e a l so had su nd ry jagirs in.

t he D akhin a s t a nk hwa h, so t hat he l iv ed in we al t h a nd

com f or t ; B u t he w as fickl e a nd u nf ai t hfu l a nd wen t w it h ,
.

his so ns and rel a t ions t o j oin t he N izam B u t t he N iza m .

w e ll k ne w his
perfid y, a nd resol ved t o pu t him in con
fineme n t .F or t his pu r pose t he N iza m arranged wit h
some of his se rva n t s t o se ize J ad u R ai a n d he su mmo n ed ,

him t o his prese nce A ccord ingl y J ad u a t t en d ed t he

.

C ourt wit h his f amil y T he a rmed me n w ho were in

.

conce al me n t su d d enl y a t t ack ed the m a nd k ill ed him his , ,

t wo sons Uj l a a nd R a hu a n d his
g gra nd son B as w a n t His. .

brot her J agd eo R a i wit h B aha d u r i his son his w ife a nd

j ,
-
,

t he o t he r who e sca ped fled from D a ul a t a bad t o S ind

ghar , n e ar
Jal na pu r , in v
t he ir na t i e cou n t r
y .

CAM P AIGN AGAIN ST I A

N Z M S H AH AN D KH AN JAHAN
-

(T ext , vol ,
i . p . 7 t h Rabi ’ u l a ww a l -
. Whe n t he
ra in s w er e ov er ,
’
Aza m Kha n a nd t he gre a t
nobl es w ho
wer e w it h him l ef t D e wal ga nw 1 2 where the y ha d rest e d
1°
A bou t ha l f wa be t wee n B u rha n
11
y
O r f a l na , ea s t of Au ra n a ba d
p
u r a nd N a sik

1”
g .

A bou t 6 0 mil es S o B u r ha n u r
f p
‘

.
.
 12

’
AB D U - L H M A ID w orn

marched t he rebe l
d t he rainy a nd a
gainst
“

ur ing se a son ,

r s ma rched om th e v icin it y of
a l so i
a ccord
n t o ord e fr
g
,

,
,

f f A l b w f B l na t ow ar d s N asik a n d
t he or t o a n g y a
y o a
g a

T r imb a k When he reached B agl a na , t he za minda r of

,

t ha t cou n t ry by n ame B a har ji me t him with fou r hu n

—
, ,

T he K hw a j a en t e red t he en emy s co u n t ry
’

d re d horse .

by w ay o f t he gha t of J a rahi H e f ou n d t ha t t he rev e nu e .

officers a nd ra i a t s had l eft t he ir v il l a ges a nd ha d t e t ir

~
y ,

ed in t o t he j u ngl es a nd hil l s . S o t he co u n t ry w a s d eso

sol d iers of t e r oy a l army
h
lat e , corn w a s d ear , a n d t he

w e re in w a n t of ne ce ssarie s . T he Khw a j a t he n se n t d e f

t ache d force s in t o t he hill s , an d l

a so in t o t he inhabit ed
c ou n t ry, a nd t he y r e t u rn e d from e ach r a id wit h ab u n

d a n ce of corn a nd ot her nece ss a rie s, ha vin g k illed or

t a k ing prisoners many of t he e ne my . T he B e N izaml

-
af

n ow a ppo in t ed M aha l d ar K ha n with a p ar t y o f horse

a nd f oot t o ve x t he r o a l arm
y y a t n ight wit h r ock e t s H e .

w a s a l so d irect e d t o a t t a ck t he p ar t ie s se n t ou t t o ga t her
f u e l a nd fod d er a n d t o carry off t he ir c a me l s a n d bu ll ock s
,

w he ne v e r he c ou ld ge t a chan ce S ha h n a wa z K han w a s ,
-

se n t aga in st t he se a ssa il a n t s, a nd he , mak in g a f orce d

march of t we n t y k os, a t t ack
ed t he m a nd
pu t t he m to
flight , and ret u rn e d w it h grea t pl u nd er . T he K hw a j a
K ha n z ama n a t t a ck th e en emy mp at
’
n ext se n t -
to s ca

S a nga mn ir . T his f or ce ma d e forced ma rche s , a nd rea ch

ed t he c a m p o f t he e n e my w ho d is p rse d a n d fle d t o t he
,
e
for t of Cha n d or .

At t he c ose l of t he t he ro
ya l ar my l eft it s
q u ar t e rs in D e w a l ga n w , a nd ma rched fort h ga in st t he
a

N iza m S hahis - and t he Afgha n s . On hea r ing of t his ,

M u k a rra b K ha n a nd t he o t he r r e be s l l e ft J a l n a pu r , w her e

13 “
N o wu l er T his is t he n ic k na me w hich
e

t he d uo

t hor inva r ia bl y u se s in f
re e rri n
g to N iza m S ha h ,
 A S HAH N AM A
B D -

t he y had p assed t he rainy seaso n, a nd ret rea t ed t oward s

i “
Aza m Khan bein g inf orme d of t heir re t r ea t
’

P a t hr . , ,

f ol l ow ed t hem march by ma rch When he reached t he .

v ill age of R ambhur i o n t he B an-ganga riv er he l ea rn t

, ,

t he N izam m ha d a scen d e d th e B al agha t

f
t ha t S l h - at

D ha rur ” a nd had t a k e n refu ge in the fort of t ha t pl ace

, ,

whil e K ha n-J aha n had no t ye t l e ft his qu art ers a t B ir .

Kha n j ahan having be en informed of t he moveme n t o f

-
,

t he I mperia l army cal l e d in a d e t achme nt w hich he ha d

,

se n t t o col l ect t he reve n u e s in t he d e pe nd encie s of B ir .

a nd a wa it ed t he arri va l o f re inforceme n ts from M uk ar

ra b K ha n who was a t D har u r Aza m Kha n co nce ive d
’
. .

t he d esign of a t t ack ing t he f orces of t he reb el Kha n be

f ore t he reinforceme n t s cou l d re ach him; so he ma rched
f rom R ambhu ri t o M a hga nw H ere he receiv ed a mes
.

sa e
g from S af shik a n Kha n R a l wi comma nd ant of t he
-
,

for t of B ir inf orming him t ha t Khan J ahan wa s a t

,
-

R aj a ur i t went y four ha s from M a chhl i ga nw empl oye d

,
- -
,

in d ividi ng t he spo il w hich his pred a t or y fol l owe rs had

o b t a in e d by pl u nd ering t he mer cha nt s a t K ehu n a n d
K iora i S ev eral d e t achme n t s which had been sen t ou t t o
,

ma k e col l ections had rej oined him a nd as he ha d heard ,

o f t he arri va l of t he I mper ial arm

y a t P a t hri he ha d ,

ad e u
phis mind t o move off a s soon as it came ne ar e r
t o B ir
‘

Az am Kha n l ef t a d e t a chme n t in charge of his c a mp

’

a t M a chhl i a nw t o foll ow him

g qu ie t l y whil e he marche d
Off a f t er night fall t o a t t ack t he rebel s
-
Fou r gba ris of .

night re mained when he rea ched P i al nir, six ha s from

p .

B ir w he n he d ire ct ed S a f shik a n Khan t o mak e a d e

,
-

mon st ra t ion wit h his force on Khan J aban s fla nk -

’
, so
t ha t he might t hink t his sma ll force t o be the whol e of

P u ma
14
B e t w ee n t he a nd G od ava ri r ivers, a bo u t
t hirt y mil es from t heir j u nct ion .

15
B ir a nd D haru r bo t h l ie t he roa d
on eas t of
A hma d na gar .
 |4

A B DU - L H M A ID LAH ORI

t he ro
y a l ar my , a nd r e fra in from mov ing a wa y . S af
r i d ge
shik a n Kha n d re w o u t his force u po n a
a ccord in
gl y
a bou t a ha s in fr on t of t he r e be l a r my which had t ak e n ,

post a t t he foot of t he hill s abou t fou r k os from B ir .

.

"
Az iz so n o f K ha n J ah a n a d va n ced t o a t t ack S af shi k a n
,
-
,
—

w it h a bod y of his f a t her s t ro ops a n d a t t his j u nct u re

’
,

’
Az a m K ha n came u p w it h t he ma in bod y o f t he roy a l
a rmy a n d Aziz w a s compe l l ed t o f al l ba ck in d isord er t o
’

, ,

his f a t her whom he in forme d t ha t t he force which ha d

,

h K a n s d iv ision a n d
h ’
fi rst show n i t sel f w a s S a f s ik a n -
,

t ha t t he w ho l e of t he r oyal a rmy w a s coming u p w it h

al l possibl e
ha st e .

K ha n j a ha n whe n he fou nd t ha t his re t re a t w as cu t

-
,

off d e t ermin ed t o fight it ou t

, B u t t he roy a l t roo ps .

f orced t he ir w a y t o t he t opof t he hill Khan J ahan se n t .

-

aw a y t he e l e pha n t l it t er w it h his w ome n t o S iu a nw ”

g -
,

a nd t he n ra l l ie d his t roo ps f or a st ru H e sent his

ggl e .

n e phe w B aha d u r in w hose cou ra ge a nd d aring he had

,

gr e a t con fid e nce aga in st B a had u r Khan and some ot hers

,

of t he roy a l a rmy w ho be ing few in n u mber w ere ve ry ,

,

h ard pressed T hey d i smou nt ed a nd resol v ing t o sell

.
, ,

t he ir l ive s d e a rl y t he
y k e pt u p a d es pera t e st r u ggl e a nd
, ,

sl e w ma n y o f t he e n e my B a ha d u r K ha n rece ived t wo .

wou nd s f rom ar row s one in his fa ce t he o t her in his , ,

sid e a n d se v e r al of his comra d e s we re sl a in "

, N ar ha r .

D a s a l so a n d
‘
man y R a ip u t s fe ll
, S ipa hd a r K han a nd .

w ho ha d mou n t ed t he hill on t he ri ht se e in g
J

o t hers ,
g ,

t he s t a t e of t he ba t t le t ook she l t er be hind a st one wa ll , .

a nd k e p t u p a d ischa rge of arrow s R a j a B iha r S ingh

'
.

B u n d e l a n ow c a me u p from t he r ight win

g t o su pport
.

B aha d u r Kha n H e j oin ed va l ia n t l y in t he st ru l e a nd

‘

gg

A bou t 40 mil es N E
15
of A hma d na a r
g .
,

O r a s t he a u t hor gra n d il o u e n t l
T he fie l d of ba t t l e ha vi n
q y e x resses it :
.

p
g be e n ma d e d a rk as n ight by
t he c l ou d s of d u s t his com a n ions
p cas t t he mse l ves l ik e
mot hs u p on t he fl a mes o f t he fire fl as hi
ng s wor -
 IS

B AB S K AH N AM A -

many his men were k il l ed

of Raj a J ai S ingh and ot he r .

r a j a s who were on a not her p art of t he bill ; a l so j oine d

in t he fight Azam Kha n n ext came u p in hast e a nd

'
.

o rd er ed a p art of t he l eft wing t o ad v a n ce At t his t ime . ,

when many of t he I mperia l officer s had fal l en and t he

'

resul t se emed d ou bt fu l , t he fa vou r o f H e a ve n fel l u pon

t he royal f orces T he il l st ar red B ahad u r observing t he

.
-
,

su ccessiv e arri val s of re inf orcement s for his a d v ersaries;

‘

l ost hear t a n d t u rned t o fle e wit h his Af ghans H is

m
, .
,

fa t her al so fled As t he d isco fit ed rebel s hu rrie d d ow n

.

t he bill t he y we re hara sse d b y showers of arrows a n d

,

bu l l e t s A bal l st ruck B aha d u r Khan, a nd he w as u nabl e

,

t o con t inu e his flight P ar a s R am, a servan t of Raj a

.

B ihar S ingh s came u pa n d d espat ched him w it h his d a g

’
,

ger ; t he n he cu t off his he ad and se nt it w ith his ring ,

horse a n d w ea pons t o R aj a B iha r S ingh who forwa rd e d

, ,

t he m t o Azam Khan T he Kha n ga ve t he horse t o t he

"
.

man who had sl ain B ahad u r t he r ing he sen t t o t he ,

E mpe ror, a nd t he he ad he ca u sed t o be se t u pas a war n

in g over t he gat e of B ir .

T he royal force s pur su ed t he fu git ives for t hree has ,

a nd p u t man y of t he m t o t he sword B u t as t he v ict ors

'

had bee n in t he sad d l e from t he first w a t ch in t he e ven

ing of on e d a y t o t he t hird w a t ch of t he n e x t d a y a n d ,

ha d ma rche d mo re t ha n t hir t y k os, me n a n d bea st s wer e

‘

b o t h w orn o u t a n d w e re u n a bl e t o go fu r t her
,
’
Aza m .

K ha n t he n ca ll ed a hal t t o a l l ow of a l it t l e re st a nd t o
, ,

give s t ra ggl ers t ime t o come u p .

K ha n J a ha n a n d his fol l owers whose horse s w e re

-
,

fr esh t ook a d v a n t a ge of t his t o improve t he ir d ist a n ce ;

,

bu t ’ Aza m K ha n se n t M u ha mma d D a k hn i a nd t he for ce s

,

t hat w ere in B ir t o ma in t a in t he pu rsu it an d he himse l f , ,

a ft er a brie f in t erv al fol l ow ed wit h t he ma in force Whe n

, .

K ha n J aha n l e arn t t ha t t he v ic t ors were in fu l l pu rsu i t

-

he re move d his l a d ie s from t he howda in which t hey ha d

been c a rried by a fe ma l e el e pha n t an d mou n t in g t he m ,

o n hor se s r od e aw ay w it h t he m D ar we sh M u hammad ,
 BADS HAH N AM A -

ba d , which he had bu il t ou t sid e of t he for t of D a ul a ta

ba d and arou nd which his ad herents had bu il t variou s
,
.

ho uses a nd ed ifices, a nd en t ered in t o t he for t itsel f .

K ha n aha n and D arya Kha n no l onger d eeming it saf e

j -
,

to r ema in L asur, w en t t o I r K a ht al a ha l f a ha s from:

at
-
,

D a ul a t ab ad a nd few d a ys l at er K han j aha n removed his

,
-

fa mi l y t o Au bashd ara, a pl a ce w it hin c over of D a ul at

a ba d D arya Kh a n, with a t hou sa nd Afghans, se para t e d
.

from Khan J aha n marched t oward s Cha n d or a nd t he

-
, ,

i h t he in t e n t ion of a t t ack ing

2°
h a t of C hal is a nw w t
g g
-
,

A nd ol an d Dhar a n G a n w -
.

T his mov e me n t be ing re por t e d t o t he E mpe ror, .

ppo in t e d Abd u l l a K han whom he had su m

’
he a -
.

mon ed from t he B al agha t t o a ct again st D ar ya ,

Kha n a nd ,se n t him ofi on t he l oth J u ma da l

-

a ww a l Kh an hadD arya r av a e d An d ol D har a n

.
g ,

ga n w , a nd su nd r
y o t her pl a ce s of t he P a y in gha t
-

of Chal is ga nw ; b u t on hea ring o f the a pproa ch of Abd u

’
-

Wa n t of rain
_

ll a Kha n he t ur ned ba ck t o t he B a l agha t .

a nd t he ra v a es of t he
g N iza m S ha his a nd Afgha n s had -
,

ma d e provisions v ery scare abou t D au l a t abad ; so Aza m

,

'

Kh a n did n ot d eem it pru d e n t t o ad va nc e in t ha t direc :

t ion , bu t t hou ght it p re fer a bl e t o march aga in s t M u k ar

ra b Kha n a nd B ahl ol who were a t D har u r a nd Amba ,

j oga i in which pl a n of opera t ions he wa s con firmed by

,

a from Y aminu d d au l a who wa s a t t

l e t t er ar - S o he , .

ma rched t oward s t he gha t by w ay of M a n ik d u d h -

.

( Aft er s ome f ight ing) t he r oya l forc es a sce n d ed t he gha t

a nd t ac k t he v il l age o f D a ma n ga u w , t we n t y ha s from —

Ahma d n agar N e t d a y t hey

x m. arched t o
J arnl t h ,
ir
21
in
t he N iza m S hahi t errit orie s
-
Lea ving a force t here . ,
'

he n e x t d a y proce ed ed t o T il a ngi T he ga rri son of t he .

for t t here had se t in ord er a nd o pe n ed fire u pon hi m . . .

B u t in t he cou rse o f o n e wa t ch he t ook it by assau l t ,

A bou t 25
2°
mil es E . o f Cha nd or , a nd t he sa me N . W
o f Aura nga ba d .

A bou t 30 mil es
“

2‘
SE . o f Au ra nga ba d .
 l8

’
AB D U - i. H u t u) L AB OR !

t he Wan j ara
” has fr om t he fort of Dharur
, t wel ve .

t hey f oririd t ha t M uk arrab Khan an d his

>
‘

conf ed era t es

had p a ssed d o n t he p w
ass of Anj an-d u d h, a nd ha d gon e
”
t o t he ne ighbourho od of B ir Azam Kha n the n se nt ‘

.
'

S ahu j i B honsl a t o t ak e
- possession of t he d istricts
a rou nd u nir an d S an amnir, whil st he himsel f wi t h
J g
t he ma in force, w e nt t hro u gh t he pa ss of Ail am t o t he
t own of B ir a nd proce ed ed from t hence t o P art ur, o n
,

t he bank o f t he river B u d na T he e nemy t hen fled

‘

. .

t oward s D a u l at abad Bu t Az am Kha n l earn t t ha t .

'

sc ar cit
y of provisions preven t ed t hem from r ema ining
in t ha t v icinit y a nd t ha t t hey had moved off t oward s
t he B a l agha t by way of Dharu r , H e t he n d e t ermined t o .

in t erce p t a nd a t t ack t hem B u t he f ound t ha t t he .

e ne m
y having pl aced
, t heir el e phant s and beggage in
t he fort of D harur had t he d esign of d escend ing t he
,

P a yin ghat S o he went t hrou gh t he pass of Anj a n

‘

-
.

d u d h, a nd en ca mp ed t hr ee has from D haru r

~
.

CAPTUR E OF T HE FO RT OF M AN S U R G AR
-

I n t he course of t he p as t year ,

B ak ir Khan had proceed ed t o th e pass of lt hera para , -

t w o ha s from Chha t ard a war T his is a very n arrow .

pass, be t wee n t he terri t ories of Ku t bu -l Mul k an d

O rissa, a nd a sma l l force of mus k e t eers and archers
might hol d it in securit y He ravaged t he cou nt r y .

rou n bu t when t he r a ins se t in he re t ired wit hou t ,

ma a ny a t t e mp t po n t he fort of M a nsur garh which

1 g u -

.
a sl aK u t bu l M ul k ’ s n a med
ve of -
, Man su r , had bu il t
a bou t f our ha s from Khera p ar a Af t er t he rains u nd e r
-
.
,
l
t he royal ord ers, he a a in marched t o Khera a
m
“

g -
p S he r
M u hammad
.
‘

a nd ot her officers of K u t bu l Mu l k
, -
, had

fi a l ed
l -
ia t he ma p
s
“
M an
jira .
 i9 '

A HAH N AM A
B DS -
'

l
col ect ed bout
a horse foot a nd hav ing
a nd ,

s t r e ngt he ned th e for t wit h gu n s mu sk e t s, and o t her ,

impl emen t s of w ar fare t hey mad e read y for ba t t l e

,
.

O n t he 8 t h J u ma d a l a wwal , B ak ir Kha n arrived i n t he

'
-

vicin it y of M ansur ga rh a nd fou nd t he e nemy d rawn

-
,

u
pn i a p l a in n o rt h e a s t o f t he-
for t T h e e ne my wer e .

u n abl e t o w it hst a n d t he a ssau l t of t he roy al forces bu t ,

brok e a nd fled F l u shed wit h vict ory B ak ir Kha n

. ,

re sol ved t o a t t ack t he for t N o tw it hst a nd ing a heavy

.

fire of ca n n on s a n d mu sk et s be a d va n ced t o t he b ase of ,

t he w al l s pl a n t ed his scal ing l ad d ers an d bega n t o a s

,
-
,
'

ce nd . T he ga rrison bein g d isma y ed t ook grass bet wee n ,

t he ir t ee th as is t he mann er o f t ha t cou n t ry
,
a nd begged ,

f or qu ar t er B ak ir Kha n al l owed t hem t o march ou t in

.

safe t y a n d t he n pl a ce d a ga rri son of hi s own in t he fort

,
.

F L I GHT OF K HAN JAH AN -

T he t errit ories of N izamu l Mu l k -

h ad su ff e red severel y fr om t he inroad s of t he Imperi al

f orces in pur su it of Khan J ah a n a nd mist rust and d iff er -

m
,

e nces had a rise n be t w ee n t he N iz a a nd Khan J aha n ; -

so t he l a t t er in con cert wit h D ar ya Khan, his c hief

,

a d her e n t s an d his rema in in g son s, re sol ved t o re t ire t o

,

t he P an j ab in ord e r t o seek t he me a n s of carr yin g on

,

h is in surrect ion a mong t he d isaffect ed Afghans of t hat

c ou n t r y S o he l ef t D au l at aba d a n d proceed ed t owar d s
.

M al w a T he Emperor by his saga cit y and foresight

.
, ,

ha d a n t icipat ed su ch a moveme nt and had sen t Abd u

r

’
,

a l l a Kh a n t o M al w a in ord er t o chast ise D ar ya Kha ri

,
\
.

Af t er D a rya Khan had ret u rned t o t he B al a ghat iAbd u

”

l l a Kh an w a s d irect ed t o wa it a t t he P ayin ghat an d t o -

,

ha st e n aft er D a ry a K han whereever he might he ar o f ,

him H a vin g g t in t el l ige nce of his mo vement s ’ Abd u

.

o ,

l l a K han w e n t a ft er him a n d re p or t e d t he fac t s t o t he

Cou rt .

O n t he 24t h Iu mad a l a w wa l t he E m eror

p ’ -
.

a pp oin t ed S a iyid Mu zaff ar K ha n t o su po rt Abd u l l a

p -
 20

"

AB D U - L su mo LAB O R !

Kha n ,
25 t h Ra bin l awwal he marched
and on t he
-
,

t oward s M al wa H e was d irect ed t o procee d by w a y bf

.

B ijagarh a nd t o cross t he N e rba d d a n e a r M a nd u

,
.

I f he fou nd Abd u l l a K ha n t here he w a s di re c t ed t o j o in

’ -
,

him H e ma rched wit h a l l spe ed ?

.
a nd crossed t he

N erba d d a a t Ak barpu r
’
Abd u l l a Khan ha ving heard .
-

t ha t K ha n -
J a ha n ha d crossed at D hara mpu r ,
23
he cro ss ed

th e ri er v at t he sa me ford a n d en camped a t Lon iha ra

,
.

T here he asc e rt a in ed t ha t o n t he 28 t h J u mad a- l a wwal ,

K ha n J a ha n ha d mov ed off H e t he n proce ed ed t o

-
.

D ipalpu r “ where he l earnt t ha t t he rebe l s w ere pl u n d er

,

ing t he n e ighbou rhood of U jj a in a nd he mar che d t o ,

u l a hi t hem
25
N in se arch of .

FOURTH YE XR or r m: REIGN , 1 040 A . H .

( 16 30 A . D .

)
F l ight of K ha n -
J a ha n
On t he 4 ih A bd u l l a Kha n re a ched
'
-
,

N d ia b i , a nd S a iy id M u za ff ar K ha n ha ving l e f t D i pal
,

pu r , r ea che d 5 t h o n his wa y t o M a n d i
M a n k od on t he ,

sor whe n he l e ar n t t ha t t he rebe l s had t u rn ed off t o t he

,

ri ht
g O n t he 6 t h he aga in ma rched a n d ca me t o T al
.
,

ga n w a n d on t ha t d a y A bd u l l a Kha n ca me u p from
’
-
,

t he re a r a nd j o in e d him T he re t he y he ard t ha t t he .

re be l s we re t e n /cos d is t a n t t he d a y before a nd had ,

moved off t ha t ver y mor n ing 8 0 th e y ha s t e n ed off in .

pu rs u it O n t he l ot h t he y e ncampe d a t Khil jipu r a nd

.
,

a sce rt a in e d t ha t t he re bel s we re mov in g t ow ard s S iron j .

T he royal for ces re a ched S ir onj o n t he 14 t h a n d fou nd

t ha t t he re bel s ha d come t here t wo d a s
y pre v iou sl y .

K hw aj a B a ba e Aft ab go t in t o t he cit y j u st before t he ir

-

a rr iv a l a nd j oin in
g K hwa j a Abd u l H a d i who was in
’
-
, ,

t he pl a ce bea t o ff t he re be l s, w ho o nl y su cce ed e d in ,

carr ying off fif t y of t he ro ya l e l e p ha n ts .

Z3
S . W . of M a nd u .

”B e t we e n M a nd u and U jja in
mil e
.
'

ou la i ow l e , 60 f tWa nd u
z r,
N N
u “
or
y N
.

s . o .
 21

B ADS HAHAWU KA

Khan - K ha n now fou nd the read s

j aha n a nd D arya
c l osed on a l l sid es a ai nst t hem E very d ay t ha t came
g .

t he y l ook e d u pon a s t he ir l as t so in t he ir d espa ir t hey .

,

proceed ed on t he right from S inrOj and e nt ered t he

‘

c ou n t r
y in t e nd ing t o pu sh o n t o K al pi,
of t he B u nd e l a ,

J a j har S ingh B u nd el a had incu rred t he roya l censure

b e ca u se his so n B ik r amaji t ha d\al l owed K ha n J a ha n o n -

his fl ight fro m A gra t o p ass t hrou gh his t err it ory a n d so

r e a ch t he D a k hin B ik r amaj i t t o a t on e for his fa u l t , a n d
.
,

t o re mov e t he d isgrace of his fa t her , w en t in pu rsu it of

the fu git ive s a n d on t he 17 t h came u p w it h t he rear

,

g u a rd u nd er D a ry a K ha n a nd a t t a ck ed it w it h gre a t ,

v igou r T ha t d oomed on e u n d e r t he int oxica t ion of

.
,

t e mer it y or of w in e d isd a in ed t o fly an d in his t u r n

, ,

a t t ack e d A mu sk e t bal l pierced his bra inl ess sk u l l and

.
-
,

his so n w a s a l so k il l ed T he B u n d el as a t ta ck ed him
.

u n d er t he impre ssion t ha t he w a s K ha n J aha n bu t t ha t ,

-
,

cra ft y on e ha s t e n e d fr om t he fie l d in a n ot he r di re ct ion .

B ik ra majit cu t off t he he ad of D arya K ha n a nd al so of ,

his son a n d sen t t hem t o Cou rt t hu s a t on in g for his

.
, .

former f a u l t N e arl y f ou r hu nd red Af gha n s a n d t wo

.

hun d red B u nd el as w ere sl a in in t he light F or t his .

ser v ice B ik r a majit rece ived t he t it l e of

J ag raj a nd w a s -
,

ad v an ced to t he d ignit y of pers ona l and

horse .

CAPT U RE OF FORT OF DH ARU R

T HE

Azam Khan ha ving a scen d ed t he

'

p a ss ofAn j a n d u d h
,
-
e n camped t hree k os from D harur .

H e t he n d ire c t ed M u l t a fit K ha n and ot hers t o mak e an

a t t a ck p
u on t he t own of D haru r a nd it s e t t a , where p
o n ce a wee k peo p l e from a l l par t s far a n d n e ar Were , ,

a ccu st omed t o me et for bu in T he f ort of

y g and se l l ing .

Dha rur w as ce l ebra t ed t hrou ghou t t he D ak hin for it s

s t r e ngt h a n d mu n it ion s of w ar I t was bu il t u pon t he
'

t OP of a rid ge a nd d ee p riv er s of d iflicul t passa e ra n

m g
,

r t wo sid e s of it I t w a s so secu re t ha t a n eff ort u p on

y
.
 22

"
’
A s nu- r . H M A ID m uo m ‘

it by t he ro ya l ar my was l ik e l y t o prove un su ccessf u l ;

so N I arha ma t K ha n w a s d irec t ed t o pl u nd er t he t own
’

e t t a , bu t no t t o ma k e a ny a t t e mp t u po n t he f or t
a nd
p :

T he garr ison b a me d ishe a r t e n ed a nd I CII I I S S

‘
‘

ress . ,

in t he ir O n t he 23rd j u ma d a s sa n i M ar ha ma t
d uty .
-

Kha n ma d e his wa y in wit h a par t y of me n a n d Op e ne d ,

t he w ick e t Azam K ha n t he n e nt e red wit h a l l his

’
.

officers a nd n e ar l y t w o t hou sa n d
, me n sca l ed t he w all s
a nd go t int o t he for t Al l t he v a st mu n i t io n s t he .
,

je we l s e t c became spoil of w ar
, .
.

D EATH OF KH AN -

j Af l AN LODI
T he u n ha ppy K ha n -

j a ha n w as gre a t l y d is
t r e sse d a nd d is ma yed by t he d ea t h of D ar y a K ha n .

H a ving no hope
v asion he fl ed a nd sou ght exce
p
t in e ,

o bsc u rit ; bu t t he ro a l f orce s p u rs ue d him cl ose l On

y y y .

t he 28 t h Iu mad a s sa n i o n arr ivin

g a t t he vill a ge o f
-
,

N imi, in t he c ou n t r of B ha nd er ,2 6 t he ro al my
y y ar

l ea rned t ha t K ha n J aha n w as a bou t e ight k os from t ha t

'

pl a ce T he l ong march t he y had ma d e a n d t he com

.
,

pa ny of ma n y me n who had been w ou n d ed in J a g ra j s

.. -
’

a c t io n pr eve n t ed t he royal force s fr om marching ver y

,

e a rl
y bu t t he y d re w n ear t o t he rebe l
, .

K ha n J a han on he ar in
g of t he ir a ppro a ch se n t o ff
-
,
,

some of his Afgha n s w hose horse s w ere k nock ed u

t he
,
p w it h ,

l it t l e bagga ge t ha t wa s l e ft ; w hil e he himse l f

, wit h
n e a rl
y a t ho u sa n d horse , pre pared t o e ncou n t er M u zaff a r
Kha n T he fight w a s shar p
gre a t v a l ou r w a s e xhibit ed
.

ma ny fe ll o n both sid es
,

a nd
Kha n Ja ha n was . -

wo u n d e d his son M ahmu d Was k il l

,
ed w it h ma n of his
foll owers a n d fu rt her re sist a nce w a y
,
s u se l e ss ; so he a a i n
fled B e ing ha rd press ed he w as ever g
y now and t he n
.
,

2“
T he t e xt ha s B a nd hu K ha fi K ha n vo l
ca l ls it
“
B ha nd m ” (
bu t a M S has B ha n d er
.
. i .
p 40) .

,
.
which is
g \ I t l ies N E of I ha nsi — Azu i Ahban
ri ht
'

p
’

vo l i
.
.
. -
.

505
. .

.
 2 3

BADS HAH N AM A -

b d l ph h b f o reac hin
ob gl i ed t o a a n on a n e e a n t , so t a t e re g
K al inj ar t we n t y el e pha n t s had fa ll e n in t o t he han d s o f
th e pu rsu er s, a n d som e w ere ca u g ht b y R a j a A m ar § l gh
n
B a n d her When Khan j ahan a pproached Kal i nj ar.
.
-

S aiyid Ahmad , t he comma nd an t of t ha t fort ress, came

o u t t o a t t ack him H e k il l ed sev eral men, and t ook
.
.

so me pr isoners H asan anothe r son of K ha n J ahan, was

. ,
- .

ma d e prisoner ; w it h hi m were ca pt u red t we n t y t wo of -

t he ro al w h i el e phan t s
ch Kha n J aha n had t a k en at -

y ,

S ironj Khan j ahan IOSt his t u gh and ba nner, and fl ed

.
-

with a han d ful of f ol l owers B y grea t exer t i on he .

t ra v e l l ed t we n t has t ha t d a y a nd re ached t he bord ers

y .
.

of S ahe nd a "
w he re he wa s t o e nd his mortal l ife .

Abd u ll a Kh a n B a had ur a nd S aiy id M u za fiar Kha n ;

’
-

pursu ed him cl ose l y wit h the ir forces in array .

K han J ahan was mu ch a ffl ict ed a t t he l oss of

- his
so ns an d fa it hfu l fol l owers
.
Al l hope of esca pe w a s cu t .

off ; so he t ol d his fol l owers t ha t he w as we ar y of l ife , .

t ha t he ha d r e a ched t he e nd of his ca re er an d t he re was ,

n o l onger a n y me a n s o f d e l iveran ce for him; he d e s ire d

t he refore t ha t e ve y ma n shou l d mak e off a s best he

r ,

c ou l d A fe w d e t ermin e d t o st a n d by him t o t he l as t
.
,

bu t ma n y fled T he ad va n ced forces o f t he roy a l army

.

u n d er M ad hu S ingh now ca me u p Kha n Ja ha n wit h .

-

h is son Aziz w ho w as t he d e ar est o f all , an d Aima l a nd

’

, ,

t he Afghan s who re ma in ed const a n t pl aced t he ir t wo

, ,

re ma in in mee t
g e l e phan t s in fro n t a nd a d va nce d to ,

Mu zaff ar Kha n T he y mad e t heir charge . a nd whe n ,

K ha n fou n d t ha t t he y we re d e t ermined t o t ak e
him he a l ight ed fro m his horse a nd fou ht d es a ra t el
,
g p y . .

I n t he mid st of t he s t ru ggl e M a d hu S in h pierced him

g
'

w it h a spe ar a n d be for e M u zaff a r Kha n cou l d come u

,
p «

p
2"
T he t a n k
‘
f
o S in d ra ha .
—
K hafl K ha n, vol . i
. .

44 . B l ochma n n gives t he n a me as “ S e hond a ” I t l ie s .

n or t h of K a l in a r on t he K e n
j Ain i Ahban , vol i p
’

.
— -
. .

5 05 .
 . 25

ADS HAH N AM A
B -

e n t e red t he t own , t o se cu r e t he el e phan t s be l onging t o

t he e ne my
which had been t a k en in t o
, t he d it ch of t he
f ort re ss S eve n el e pha n t s w ere seize d a nd brou ght ou t
. ,

a nd mu ch o t he r boot y w as se cu red Azam K ha n

’ '

pressed t he siege a nd t he t roo ps d rove zigzags2 9 u p t o

,

t he e d e o f t he d it ch in t hr e e pl a ce s a nd be an t o fil l
g g ,

it u p H e ra ise d a ba t t ery exa ct l y opp osit e t he ga t e o f

.

t he for t r ess, a t t he d ist a nce of an a rrow shot -

from t he

moa t H e t hen pu shed his zigza gs t o t he v e ry e d ge o f

.

t he moa t a n d t her e r a ise d a ba t t ery t o which t he me n

, ,

in t he S her H a j i3 0 fo u nd i t very d ifficu l t t o re pl y

- .

I t n ow became e v id en t t ha t Ad il K han t hrou gh

’
,

his t en d er years had , no re al power , bu t t ha t t he r e in ~

o f gov ern me n t w ere in l ve n a med D a u l a t

t he ha n d s of a s a ,

w ho ha d bee n ori gin a ll y a min st r e l ( k u l a w a n t) a n d ,

w ho m t he K in g s fa t he r I brahim Ad il ha d e n n o bl ed
’ ’
, ,

w it h t he t it l e o f D a u l a t Kha n a nd ha d pl a ce d in com ,

ma nd of t he fort ress of B ij a pu r T his u ngra t efu l in .

f a mou s fe ll ow a f t er t he d e a t h of I br ahim a ssu med t he

, ,

govern me nt
”
l
t it e h “
K a a s
w s K ha n a n d d e l iv ere d t he
,

o ver t o a mischie v ou s t u rbu l e n t bra hma n n a me d M u rari ,

P a nd it T his sa me D a u l a t p
. u t ou t t he e es of D arwesh
y
M u ha mmad t he el d e st son o f Ibra him Ad il K ha n by
,
’

t he d au ght e r of K u t bu l M u l k a nd d ema nd ed his -

,
'

d a u ght er in ma rria ge , t hu s br in ging to in fa my the n a me

and hon ou r his ind u lge n t pa t ron
of . T he Ad il - K ha n is
’

a nd t he N iz a m- S hahis had n ow ma d e co mmon ca u se a nd

w ere u n it ed .

T he siege of P ar e n d a ha d go ne on for a mon t h .

P rove n d er had t hrou ghou t b ee n d ifficu l t t o procu re a n d ,

n ow no gla ss wa s t o be fou n d w it hin t we n t y hos So .

,

2 ”“ K u cha sa la ma t f
-
e , wa ys o f sa e t y .

” T his is n ot a pp
T here was a S he r H aji
ro er na me .
-

a l so a t K a n d a ha r, a n d a t ma ny o t her l a ces I t is a p .
p
p a re n t ly a n a d va nce d work , a nd ro ba bl
y bea rs t he na me p
o f its inve nt or .
 26

’
AB D u- l . A ID
H M L AB O R!

Azam Kha n was Obl iged raise t he s iege , a nd to go to

’
to
A d il Kha n is re t re a t e d before Aza m
'

D ha rur . T he
’
-

K ha n , a nd he e n camped o n t he ba nk s of t he Wa nj ira .

N e x t d a y he ca p t u red t he t ow n a n d fort of B al n i, which

t he i nha bi t a nt s d fe nd e d in t he hope of rece iv ing assis t
e

a n ce Af t e r pl un d er ing t he pl a ce, he ma rched

.
to

M a nd u 3 1 a nd fr om M and u t o D haru r .

FAM IN E IN T HE DAK H I N AN D G UJ ARAT

D u ring y t he hpast
ad e ar no ra in

f a ll e n in t he t errit or ies of the B a l agha t a n d t he d rought ,

ha d be e n e s p ecia ll se v e re a bo u t D a u l a t a bad I n t he
y .

pre se n t ye ar al so t here ha d bee n a d eficiency in t he

bo rd er ing cou n t ries a nd a t o t al wa n t i n t he D ak hin a nd
,

G u j ar a t T he inha bit a n t s of t he se t w o cou n t ries were

.

re d u ce d t o t he d ires t ex t re mit y L ife w a s off e red for a

.

l oa f bu t none w ou l d bu y ; ra nk w a s t o be sol d for a

,
8 2

cak e bu t n on e car e d for it ; t he e v e r bou n t e ous ha nd w a s

,
-

n o w st re t che d ou t t o beg for food ; a n d t he fe e t which

had a l wa ys t rod d e n t he wa y of con t e n t me n t w al k ed a bou t

o nl i
y n se ch of sus e a nce
ar t n F or a l on g t ime . d og s
’

fle sh w a s sol d for goa t s flesh a n d t he pou nd ed bones

’
,

of t he d e a d w e re mixe d wi t h fl our a nd sol d When t his .

w a s d isco v e re d , t he se ll e rs we r e brou ght t o j ust ice .

D es t it u t ion a t l e n gt h re ache d su ch a p it ch t ha t me n
bega n t o d evo ur e ach o t her a n d t he flesh of a son w a s ,

pre ferre d t o his l ove T he nu mber s of t he d ying cau sed

.

obs t ru ct ion s in t he road s a nd e v er

y ma n whose d ire
,

su ff e rings d id n ot t ermin a t e in d e a th a nd who re t ained

t he power t o move w an d ered off t o t he t owns a nd

vil l a ges of o t her cou n t ries T hose l and s which had bee n
.

fa mou s for t heir fer t il it y a nd pl en t r e t a in ed

y now no
t race of
prod u ct iv e ness T he E mp eror in his gracio u s
.

S o in t he t ext ; bu t t he ma p
s
give no such na me
bet wee n P a re nd a a n d D haru r .

32 ”
l a ne ba na ne
“
.
 27

m sm u mm

k in dness and boun t y d irect ed p

t he official s of B u rha n u r.
b l ish sou p
Ahmad abad , a d n t h e co u n t r y o f S u ra t t o , es t a

m l l d l n er in he
kit chen s or
, a l s h o u ses , su c h a s a re c a e a g t
l an gu age of H in d u st a n , for t he be nefit of t he poor a nd
d est it u t e E v d a su ff i cie n t s ou p a n d b re ad w as
. e r
y y
pre pared t o sa t isfy t he wa n t s of t he hu ngry I t was .

fu rt her ord ered t ha t so l ong a s H is M a j est y rema i ned a t .

B u rha n pu r r u pe e s shou l d b e d ist r ibu t ed a mo g

n
t he d e se rv in g p oor ev e ry M ond ay, t ha t d a y be ing ( 1l
t ingu ished a bov e al l ot he rs as t he d ay of t he E mperor s
'

a ccession t o t he t hr on e T hu s, on t wen t y M ond a ys one

.

l a c of ru pee s w as giv e n aw ay in char it y Ahmad abad

.

ha d suff ered more severel y t ha n a ny ot her pl ace, a nd so

H is M aj est y ord ered t he official s t o d ist ribu t e
r u e e s a mon
p g t h e fa mine st rick en p eo pl e
-
W a n t of ra in
.

a n d d ear n ess of gra in ha d c au sed grea t d ist ress in ma n y

Ot her cou nt ries S o u nd er t he d irect ions of t he w ise a nd

.

e ne ro u s E mp eror t axe s a mou n t ing t o n ea rl y seven t y

g
l a cs of ru pee s w ere remit t ed by t he re v en u e offi cers — a
.

su m amou n t in g t o n e arl y g y k ra rs of d a ms, a n d

e i ht

a mou nt in
g t o one el even t h p ar t of t he w hol e reven u e
-
.

Whe n su ch re mission s were mad e from t he exchequ er .

it ma y be conce ived how gre a t were t he red u c t ions mad e

by t he n obl e s who he l d jagirs a nd ma nsa bs .

CAPTU RE OF T HE FORT OF S l T U N DA
S ipha d ar K ha n af t er , obt a ining

posse ssion of t
he fort of T al t am (by t he t reachery of t he

gar rison) l a id , to se i e
g S it u nd a3 3 by comma nd
o f t he
E mp er ior a nd pre ssed t he pl ace ve r S id i Ja mal
,
y hard .
,

t he gov ern or offe re d t o su rr e n d er on t erms w hich werc

,
‘

agree d t o ; so he a n d his f a mil

y came ou t a nd t he for t ,

passed int o t he posse ssion of t he Imperial ist s .

CAPTU R E or A DAHAR
K N

(p . N a siri K ha n had been pl a ced in co mmand of

A bou t
3“
fift y mil es N . E . fro m A u ra nga ba d .
 ’

A B nU - L A
H M ID L mo m

a forc e w it h i n st
,
r u c t io n s t o co n
q u e r t he k ing d o m of

v p d i t he fort of
T el inga n a H e r e so l e d .
u o n r e u c n
g
K a n d a har “ w hich w as exce ed ingl y st ron g a nd t he most
,
,

f amo u s o n e of t ha t cou n t ry I t w a s u n d er t he comma nd .

t he son of Ya k u t K hud a wa n d K han and w as

o f S ad ik ,
,

in f u ll st a t e o f pre para t ion O n t he 23rd J u ma d a l .

—

a ww a l he e n ca mpe d on e ha s fr om t he for t r ess N ext .

d a y he pre p ar ed t o a t t a ck t he t ow n o f K a n d a ha r ; bu t
be fore re a ching t he pl ace he was o ppo sed by S ar fara z
K ha n t he ge n era l co mma n d in g in t ha t cou n t ry w ho had
, ,

t ak en u a p osi t ion b e t w e en t he for t a n d t he t ow n a nd

p ,

havin g Covere d h is f ron t w it h ar t i l l er y , a w a it e d t he

a t t a ck . H e wa s prot e ct ed a so l by t he gu n s a n d mu sk et s
of t he f or t re ss . T he r oy a l my
ar a t t a ck e d wit h
grea t
v igou r d k ill ed a gre a t ma ny of t he e n emy
an S arf araz
"

, .

K ha n w it h a few foll owers fled t o t he N iza m S hahis -

.

Af t e r t his N a sir i Kha n p u shed o n t he siege R a nd a u l a .

,

Mu k a rrab K ha n , a nd ot her s wi t h a u n it e d force of

Ad il K ha n is a nd N iza m S ha hi s ca mp u p t o him
’
a t t ack
- -
,

in his t re nche s U n d ismay ed by t his fre sh e nemy he

.
,

bol d l y fac ed his a ssa il a n t s ; a nd a l t hou gh he had a l so t o

be a r t he fire o f t he g un s a nd mu sk e t s of t he fort re ss he ,

d e fe a t ed t hem w it h co nsid era bl e l oss a nd compel l ed ,

t he m t o f a ll back a d is t a n ce o f t hre e hos .

Ou t of t w en t
y - o ne min es w hich ha d bee n p
o e ne d .

six w ere co mpl e t e ; t hre e w e re charged w ith powd er , a nd

t hr e e Aza m
'

w e re k e t p in rese r e v .
’
K ha n , who had
ma rched to su pp or t N asiri K ha n ; now pproached
m
a , an d
N mee t him a nd t o bring hi
'

a s ir i K ha n w e n t fort h t o ,

to se e t he s pr i n in
g g of t he mine s a nd t he assa ul t u pon ,

t he f o t r e ss
r . T he ma t ch was appl ied t o t he t hr e e pi nes :
on e fa i l ed . bu t t he o t he r t wo brou ght d own t he wal l of
t he Sher H a ji w it h ha l f bast ion T he garri son k e t
p
-

a .

mil es
“
A bo u t se ve n t y - fiv e E of D ha ru r,
.
a nd
t we n ty -
fiv e S . W . of N a nd e r .
 29

B ADS HAH‘N AM A

bu t t he s t or mi ng par t ies p
re sse d on . T he con fl ic t ra ed
g .

f m mid
ro - d ay wa l l of t he
t ul su n se t ,fort ress bu t t he

w a s n ot sufficie n t l y l eve l l ed , a nd t he d e fe nd e rs k e p t u p
'

su ch a he av y fire t ha t t he a ss a il a n ts were forced t o r e t ire .

A t n ight t he t re nche s were carr ied forwa rd , a n d pre pa ra

t ion s w e r e mad e for fir i ng t he o t her mines T he ga r . .

r iso n saw t h a t t he pl ace mu s t fa ll , a n d mad e off ers

of su rre nd er w hich w ere acce p t e d
,
an d t he I mperi al
.

t roo ps t ook posse ssion of t he fort ress . T he siege had

l as t ed fo u r mon t hs a nd n in e t e e n d ay s , a n d t he pl ace fe l l
on t he 1 5 t h S ha w w a l

DE A I H
'

or T HE QU EE N ’
AI J YA BEGAM
O n t he 1 7 t h Zi l k a d a , 1040 d ied
’
-
,

N a w a b Al iy a B egam 3 5 in t he fort ie t h year o f her age

'
, ,

t o t he re a t grie f of he r hu sba nd t he E mpe ror S he

g .

ha d borne h im e ight so ns a nd six d a ught ers T he t hird .

chi ld a nd e l d est son w as M u hamma d D a ra S hu k oh t he ,

fort h M u ha mma d S ha h S hu j a the sixt h

, M u hamma d
A u ra ngzeb t he t e n t h M u rad, B ak hsh .

I A
N Z MS HAH
(p . A le t t er fr om S ipahd ar K ha n inf ormed t he
E mpe ror ho w Kha n fe e l ing t ha t his re lea se from
Fa t h , ,

co n fin e me n t b
y N iza m Sha h ha d be e n a ma t t er o f meces
s it , a n d t ha t he wou l d be imprison e d a a in a s soon a s
y g
his mast e r ’ s mind w a s a t e a se he ha d re so l ve d t o be ,

beforeha nd w it h him a nd had l a ced N iz a m S hah in

,
p
con fin e me n t , as Ambar ha d
his fab er
d on e M a l ik ’ “

before . Fa t h Kha n t he n a d d r e ssed a l et t er t o ,

Ya min u d d a u l a As a f K han , informing him t ha t he had

—

pl aced N iza m S ha h in con fin eme n t on accou n t of his

e v il cha ra c t e r a n d his en mit
y t o t he I mp erial t hro ne for ,

w hich a c t he ho ped t o re cei ve some mark o f favou r . _

O t he rw is e ca l l ed “ M u mt a z M a ha l
3 5
,
”
S he d ie d ih
c hil d bir t h K ha fi K ha n, vol i
—
459 . .
p . .
 30

’
AB Du- t . mu m u moru

In answer e w a s t oh
l d if h e w is he d t o p
t ha tr ov e h is

l d id h w l d f u ch a w or t hl ess
sinceri t y, he sho u r t e o r o s

a nd w ick ed b eing O n rec e i v

.
in g t hi s d ir ec t io n, P at
h
Kh h secr
a et l m a d e a
y w a y w it h N i za m S h a h , b u t ga ve

o u t t hat he had d ied a na t u ral d ea t h .

‘
He pl aced N izam

it s his su ccess r o . He re fact s t o t he I mp

port ed eri al
t he se

C ourt , a nd was d ire ct ed t o se nd t he j ewel s and val u

king an d his own el d est son as a host
'

abl es o f t he l at e ,

m mo x vs a c a m Amr K HAN
’

op usr .

M u ha mma d Ad il Khan (of B ij a ’

t hrough you t h; in expe r ie nce a nd e vil counsel l ors

pu r) , , ,

esp ecia ll y a sl av e n ame d D a u l a t (who ha d assumed t he

'
t it l eK hawasa Kha n ) had shown himsel f unf ait hfu l
of ,

t o t he I mp erial t hr on e a nd rega rdl e ss of t he al l egi ance ,

h i f a ther T h e E mpe ror commissioned Yamin u -d

p aid by s .

d au l a Asaf Khan t o arouse him from his negl igence and .

d isregard of his d u t y Asaf Kha n w as empowered t o .

d emand fro m him a r e t u rn t o obed ie nce and t he p

'

ay

ment of t ribut e 3 6 I f he agreed t o t hose t erms, he was

.

t o be l eft al one ; if n ot a s mu ch a s possibl e of his t er ,

rit ory w as t o be conqu e red , a n d t he rest l aid wast e .

A
YE R o r T HE R E I GN 1041 AH ( 16 3 1 AD )
‘ ‘
F l F l l -l , . . .

Ca mp
ai n
g a a ins t
g B ija p
ur

Asaf Kha n pro cee d ed on his exped it ion a nd .

arri ved a t N a nd er w he re he re ma in ed t wo d a y s
, T here .

he l eft t he mai n par t of his army a nd proceed ed express ,

t o t he fort of K a n d ahar w hich be in sp ect ed O ne st age , .

furt her on he came t o t he for t of B ha lk i ” O rd ers .

were given for t he red u ct ion of t he pl ace a nd e n tr e nch ,

ment s were comme nced bu t it wa s resol ved t o ht t empt ,

“
T he S ha h j a ha n na ma sa ys t ha t t he s urr e nd er
- -

f
o
t he for t of P a re n d a was t o be a lso re qu ired .

” T we nt -fives mil es N
y W of B id r . .
.
 3!

BAD S HAH N AM A -

t he ca p t ur e of t he pl a ce by escal a d e at night ; he gar

~T
_

r ison got n ot ice of t his . a nd v

e acu a t e d t he pl ace un d er
v
c o er o f d ar k ness Asa f Kha n t he n marche d t owar d s
.

K a l a n or a flour ishin g pl a ce bel ongin g t o Ad il Kha n

’ '

.
,

Whe n he arrive d a t S u l t a n pu r, n ear t he cit y of K u l bar ga ,

t he e n er a l in comma nd had t a k e n t he prin cip a l in habi

g
t a n t s in t o t he fort of Ku l barga which w a s w el l arme d ,

w it h gu ns mu sk e t s a nd o t he r inst r u me n t s of w ar
, ,
N ext .

d a y Az am K ha n u n d er t he d i rec t ion s of Asa f Kh a n ,

’
,

mad e a n a t t ack u pon t he t ow n a nd caried it n ot with , ,

s t a n d in g a he a vy fire from t he for t .

T he v ict ors pl u n d e red what ev er t hey cou l d l a y t he ir

h a n d s on a n d ca p t u red ma n y horses in t he d it ch of t he
‘

f o r tre ss .Asa f Kha n d id not d ee m it exp ed ien t t o

a t t emp t t he re d u c t ion of t he for t re ss a s it wou l d ha ve ,

be e n a d iffit u nd e rt a k ing a n d a ca u se of d e l ay ; so he

r et ired , a nd e nca mp ed n e ar t he r iv e r N a hnu ra T hen .

he a d v a n ced t o t he vic init y of B i j a pu r, a nd e n ca mpe d

o n t he bord ers o f a t a n k be t we en N a uras p “
ur a nd -

S hahpu r T he e ne my e v ery d ay came ou t of t he di t ch

.

i n t o t he pl a in a n d t her e wa s a w a rm
, in t ercha nge o f
a nd mu sk e t r y
'

r ock e t s arrows
, , B u t al t hou gh t he e n e my
.

k e p t u pa l so a he a vy fire from t he fort ifica t ion s, t hey w ere

regu l arl
y d riv e n back t o t he shel t er of t he wal l s
Asaf Kha n u se t o t ak e e very preca u t ion
d for t he
sa fe t y o f t he d e t a chme n t s which we n t ou t e ver
y d ay t o
c oll e c t fod d er bu t t he army was l ar ge a nd t he an imal s
,

nu merou s, so t his was no e as ma t t er

y .

T he e ne my were con st a n t l
y on t he al ert , a nd st ru ck
w he n ever t he y got a n o pport u nit y
At t he beginning .
“

a ma n na med Sha ik h B abir on e of the confid an t s of ,

K haw ass Khan , ca me ou t wit h o vert u re s of pe ace a n d

o ffers of t ribu t e ; bu t a s t he
y w ere n ot wort hy of t ru st ,

t he y w ere rej e ct ed Af t erward s Mu st afa K han

.
son ih -
,

"
T he t e xt has “
N u r-s i a r, bu t t he ind ex N a me s
y o f
correct s it .
 “
33

B DSA HAH N AM A -

a nd carried oil d i st a nt pl aces

t he T he provi
grain t o .

s ion s which t he army had b rou ght wit h it were al l

e xha u st ed a nd rai n had risen t o t he price of on e ru p ee

,
g
sink ing S i wa s
p er s ir . M e n a nd beast s w ere o t .

resol ved aft er co n su l t a t ion , t ha t the roya l army shou l d

,

r emov e from B ij a p u r in t o some be t t er su ppl ie d par t of

t he e n e m s cou n t r , t ha t t he I mp er ia l arm
y mi ght be
’
y y
re cr u it ed , a nd t he t erri t ory of t he e n e my be w a st ed a t
t he sa me t ime Wit h t his in t e n t ion t he roya l army
.

mar ched a l ong the ba nk of t he K ishan G an g3 9 t o R a i

ba gh a n d M iraj,“o t wo o f t he richest pl ace s in t ha t
cou n t ry ; Wherever t hey fou nd su ppl ies t he y re st e d ,

a nd p ar t ies were se n t ou t t o pl u nd er in a l l d ir ect ions .

On w h a t e ver roa d t hey w en t t hey k ill e d a n d mad e

prisoners a nd rav aged a nd l a id w a st e on J t h sid es
, .

From t he t ime of t he ir e n t ering t he t e rri t ories t o t he

t ime of t he ir d e pa r t u re t he y k e p t u p t his d e va st a t ion
a nd pl u n d er T he be st p ar t of t he cou n t ry w a s t rod d e n
.

u n d er a n d so t he fo rces had re cov ere d s t re ngt h a n d t he

, ,

t he r o a l a rmy p asse d b
r a in s w ere n e ar
y ,
y t he fort of.

Shol a pu r a n d d esce n d ed by t he p a sse s in t o t he I mperia l

,

t err it or ie s . me n of t he e nemy who had foll owed ,

t he m t o S hol a pu r t hen t u rn e d back t o B ij a pu r

, ,

R ET UR N OF T H E COUR T F ROM BU RH AN P UR TO AG RA
(T e xt vol i p
. . T he E mpe ror be ing t ired of his
. .

re sid e nce a t B u rha n pu r rt t o r e t u r n t o th e c a p it a l ;

,

so he se t ou t on t he 24 t h K a ma z an a nd arr ive d

t here on t he l st Zi l hijja 1041 A H -

, . .

Aff a irs in t he D ak hin had n ot be en ma n aged so we ll

a s t he
y ou ght t o ha ve been by Aza m K han ; so a man d a t e
’

89
T he K is t na or K ris hna .

“
M ira j is on t he l eft ba n k of t he K is t na , a bou t

t hir ty mil es E of K o l a p
ur R a ibagh is a bou t twent y five
. . .
-

mil es l ower t o t he S E , a n d on t he ot he r sid e of t he . .

ri ver .
 ’
Aa nu - i . ru mp u moru

was se nt M a haba t Kha n Kha n kha nan informing

to
-
,

him t ha t t he gove rn me n t of Kha n d e sh a nd t he D ak hin

had bee n conferred u pon him a n d he w a s d irect ed t o ,

mak e t he n e cessa r y pr e para t ions a s qu ick l y a s possibl e .

a nd st ar t from D e hl i t o me e t the Emperor and receive

Ya min u d d au l a As af K ha n w it h Az am
’
inst ruct ions .
- ,

K han a nd other n obles u nd er his comma nd w ere di rca ,

cd t o r et u rn t o Cour t .

C APTU RE OF T HE P ORT OF HU G H

(p U nd er l
B engal is ( d a r a k ai
’
. t he ru e of th e

B a nga liya n) a p art y of Fra nk mer chan t s, who ar e inhabi

t a nt s of S u nd ip ca me t ra d ing t o S a t ga nw
, O n e ha s .

a bov e t ha t pl ace t he y o ccu pie d some grou nd on t he ban

, k
of t he est u ary
“1
U nd e r t he pre t e nce t ha t a bu il d ing w a s
.

n ecessar y for t he ir t ra nsa ct ions in bu ying a nd sel l ing .

t hey e rect ed v
se eral Be ngal i
hou ses in
st y l e In t he .

c ou rse of t ime, t hrou gh t he ign ora nce and negl ige nce
o f t he rul ers of B e ngal t h ese E urop ea ns incre ased
, in
nu mber, and erec t ed l arge su bst a n t ial bu ildi n s which
g ,

t hey fort ified wit h ca n n ons, mu sk e t s, a n d other imp le

ments of war I n d u e cou rse a consid erabl e pl ace grew
.
,

u , which was k nown by t he n a me of t he P ort of H u h

p g .

O n one sid e of it was t he river and on t he other t hree ,

s id es w as a d i t ch fill ed fr om t he riv er E u ropean ship s .

u se d t o go u
p t o t he por t a nd a t rad e was est abl ished ,

t here T he mark e t s of S a t ga nw d ecl ined a nd l os t their

.

prosperity, T he vil lages a nd dist rict s of Hugl i were on

bot h sid es of t he river and t hese t he E uro pe ans m ,
g
possession of a t a l ow re n t S ome of t he inhabit an ts by .

force . and more by ho pe s of ga in t hey in fec t ed Wit h t heir ,

N azarene t eaching, a nd se nt t hem o ff in ship s t o Eur ope .

I n t he h0p e of an everl as t ing re w ard bu t in re al it y o t ,

an e x u isit e t ort ure

q t hey co nsol ed t he mse l ve s
, wit h

T he word use d is
“
k hu r an es t ua r
y, he re p
'
.
a

pa re nt l
y meaning a t id a l r iver .
 35

el itis m N an a
-

t he profit s oft he ir t rad e for t he l oss of re nt which arose

from t he removal of t he cu l t iv at ors . T hese hat efu l
pract ice s were not confined t o the l a nd s ,
t hey occu pied
.

bu t t hey se ized a nd carried off ever y one t hey cou l d l ay

t he ir ha n d s u p on al on t h e sid es of t he river
g .

T he se procee d ings h ad come u nd er t he not ice of t he

Emperor before his acce ssio n , a nd be r e sol v ed t o p ut
a n e n d t o t hem if ev er he a sce nd e d t he t hron e, t ha t t he

c oin age mi ht al wa s b ear t he st amp of t he gl oriou s

g y
d yna st y a n d t he pu l pit might be graced wit h it s k hu t ba
, .

Af t er his accession, he a pp oin t ed Ka siru Khan t o t he

gover nme n t of Be ngal , an d impressed u pon him t he
d u t y o f over t hrow ing t hese mischievou s p eo pl e He
.

w a s ord er ed , as so on as he a t t e nd ed t o t he n ecessar
y
d u t ies of his ext ensive province, t o set abou t t he ext er ‘

min a t ion of t he p ern iciou s int rud er s T roops were t o .

be sen t both by wat er a nd l an d , so t hat t his d ifficu l t

e n t e r pr ise mi ht be
g qu ickl y and e asil y accompl ished
K asim Kha n se t abou t mak ing his pre para t ions, and
h cl ose of t he col d sea son in Sha ban, 10 40 A H ,
’
at t e , . .

h e se n t hi s so n
’
I na y a t u u l l a w it h Al l ah Yar Khan , who
-

s t o be t he r eal comman d er of t he arm , an d se v era l

y
o t her n obl e s, t o efiect t he conqu e st of Hu gl i H e al so
.

se n t B ahad ur K a mbu a n a ct iv e a nd int e l l ige n t serv a n t

,

of his , w it h t he force u n d er his command , u nd er t he

p r e t e n ce of ta k i ng p osse ssion of t he K ha l isa l a nd s a t

M ak hsusa bad bu t reall y to j oin Al l ah Yar Khan a t t he

,

ro per t ime U nd er t he a pprehe nsion t ha t t he in fid el s,

p .

u pon ge t t ing in t el l ige nce of t he march of t he armies,

wou l d pu t famil ies on boar d ships, and so esca pe

t heir

from d e st ru ct ion t o t he d isa ppoin t ment of t he w arri ors

o f I sl am it was giv en ou t t hat t he forces wer e ma rching
,

t o a t t ack Hij l i Accord ingl y it was arranged t ha t Al l ah

.

Yar Kha n shou l d hal t a t B ard wa n, which l ies in the

d ire ct ion of H ij l i, u nt il he rece ived int e l l igen ce of
K hwa j a Sher and others , who had been ord ered to pro
 13 6

’
ABD U - r. HAM ID LAHO RI

ce e d in boa t s fro m Sr i p u r
“
t o cu t off t he r e t re a t of t
h e

h w h i ch i s.
f i rin gi s Whe n t h e fl o t il l a a rr iv e d a t M o a n a ,

m
.

A ll Kh w arch
a et a /ma
43
of t h e H u g h a h
,
Y a r a n a s t o

w it h a l l e x p e d i t i o n f r o m B a rd wa n t o H u gl i, a n d f a l
l
.

p rmed
u pon th e i n fi d e l s .
U o n b e in g i n o t ha t Khw a a
f j
S he r a n d h is c o m p a n io n s h ad a rri v e d a t t he d a hn a ,

Al l a h Yar Kha n mad e a forced march f rom B ar d w an , an d

in a n ight a nd d ay r e a che d t he vill a ge of

H al d ipu r ,

be t we e n S a t ga n w a nd H u gl i . At t he same t ime he was ,

j oin ed by B a ha d u r K amb u a r ri v e d from M akhsu

.

, w ho
sa bad , w i t h 5 00 horse a nd a l a rge f orce of inf a n t ry . T he n
he h ast e n ed t o t he pl ace wher e Khwaj a S he r ha d .

brou ght t he boa t s a nd be t w e e n Hu gh a n d t he se a in

,
,
.

a n ar r ow p art of t he r iv e r he formed a br id ge of boa t s ,

so t ha t ships cou l d no t ge t d ow n t o t he se a ; t hu s t he

flight of t he e n emy w a s prev en t e d .

O n t he 2md Zi l h ijja 10 4 1 t he a t t a ck w as mad e on

-
, ,

t he F ir in gis by t he bo a t me n o n t he rive r a nd by t he ,

f orces on l a n d A n in habit ed pl a ce ou t si d e of t he d it ch
.

w as t a k e n a n d pl u nd ered a nd t he occu pa n t s w ere sl ain

, .

D et a chme n t s w e re t he n ord e red to t he vill a ges a nd

pl aces on bo t h sid e s of t he riv er , so t ha t all t heChris

t ia n s fou nd t her e might be se n t to he ll . H av ing k ill ed
or ca p t u red al l t he in fid e l s , t he w arr ior s ca rri e d off t he

fami l ie s of t he ir boa t me n w ho w e re a l l B e n ga l is , F ou r .

thou sa n d bo a t me n w hom t he B e n ga l is ca ll ed
g mbz,
’

, h
t hen l e f t t he F irin is a n d
g j oin ed t he v ic t or iou s a rmy .

T his w a s a gre a t d iscou ra geme nt t o t he Chri st ia n s .

T he roy a l a rmy w as e n ga ged for t hr ee mon t hs a nd

a ha l f in t he sie e of t his st ron
g g pl ac e Somet imes t he .

infid el s fou ght some t ime s t hey ma d e o ver t u re s of pe ace

,
,

prot ra c t ing t he t ime in ho pe s of su ccou r from t heir

cou nt r yme n Wit h base t reachery t hey pre t end ed t o
. ‘

mak e prop O Sa l s of p ea ce a n d se n t n e ar l
y a l ac of ru pees
, .

‘2
S era m ore p .

Q y B e nga l i d a hra
43
.
, a la k e ,
 37

BAD S HAH N AM A -

as t ri bu t e , whil e at t he sa me me
ti t he y ord ered

w ho w e re in t he ir vice to p
o en fir e So
ni u sk e t e ers se r .

he av y w a s i t t ha t ma ny of t he t ree s of a grove in which

a l arge force of t he besie ge rs w as osted were p st rippe d

o f t he ir b ra n che s a nd l eav e s .

At l e ngt h t he besie gers sen t their pioneers t o work

u pon t he d it ch j u st by t he chu rch, where it wa s n ot so
,

bro a d a n d d ee p a s e l se w here T he re t hey d ug chann el s .

and d r e w off t he w at e r M ines were t he n d riven on

.

from t he t re n che s bu t t wo of t he se w e re d iscove red by

,

t he e n e my a n d cou n t e ra ct ed T he cen t re min e w as .

car r ie d u n d er an ifice w hich w as l ofit ier

ed an d st ron ge r

t ha n al l t he o t he r bu il d ings a n d whe re a
, l arge nu mber
of F iri n gis w e re T his w a s charge d a nd
st a t ion e d ,
t am

e 1 4 t h R abi u l aww a l t he b esie ge r s force s

’ ’

p ed . O n t h -

w ere d ra w n u p in fron t of t his bu il d ing in ord er t o ,

al l u r e t he e n e my t o t ha t p ar t Whe n a l a rge nu mbe r .

w er e assembl e d a he a vy fire w as o p e n ed ; a n d t he min e

m
,

w as fir ed T he bu il d in g w as b l own u p a n d t he
. any ,

in fid el s w ho ha d coll ect ed arou nd it w er e se n t fly in g in t o

t he a ir : T he w arr iors o f I sl a m ru shed t o t he a ssau l t 7 -

S ome o f t he in fid el s f ou nd t he ir w a y t o hel l by t he
w a t e r bu t some t ho u san d s su ccee d e d in ma k ing t he i r
.

w a y t o t he ships A t t his ju n ct u re K hw a ja S her ca me

.

u
pw it h t he boa t s a nd k il l ed ma ny of t he f ugit ives
. .

T he se foes of t he fa it h w e re afr a id l e st on e l arge .

ship, nearl y t w o t hou san d me n a n d w ome n

w hich ha d
a n d mu ch pr o p shou l d f a ll in t o t he ha n d s
'

e r t y on board ,

o f t he M u ha mma d a n s : so t he
y fired t he ma gaz m e an d

bl ew her u p . M a ny ot he rs
board t he who w ere on

g ha r bs se t fire t o t heir v essel s a n d t u rne d t he ir fa ces

'

t ow a rd s he l l O u t o f t he
. sixt y fou r l ar ge d in gas fif t v -
,

se ve n g hmbs a nd 20 0 ya l iy as on e ahra h an d t w o fa l ir as
'

e sca pe d f in con se qu e n ce of some fire from t he bu rnin

g
ship s hav in g fa l l e n u pon some bo a t s l ad en w it h o il ,

w hich bu rn t a w ay t hrou gh ( t he brid ge of boa t s) ho W

p
.

e ve r e sca p e d from t he w a t er a nd fire became a r isoner .

 38

A ID mo m
'

Aia - t . H M “

F r om begin ning of t he s iege t o t he

t he l
conc u s io n . me n
and wome n ol d a nd you ng al t oge t her
, , n e a rl
y or

t he e ne my we re k il l e d , be i ng e i t he r bl o w n u
p wit h
powd er d rown ed i n wa t er or p um t b
,
y fire N earl y , .

bra ve w a rr iors of t he I mpe ri al army o bt ain ed t he glor y

of mart yrd om . Ch rist ia n s of bot h sexe s were
t ak e n prisoners , a nd near ly inha bit a n t s of t he

ghbo u ring cou n t ry who ha d

ne i been k e p t in co n fin e

me n t by t hese t yr a n t s w ere se t at l iber t y .

S U RREN D ER OF T H E FO RT OF GAL N A
( T e xt v ol i p
, Af t er Fa t h K ha n son of M al ik
. . .
,

Amba r had p u t N iza m S hah t o d ea t h M a hmu d K ha n

’
, , ,

t he comma nd a n t of t he for t of G al n a re p u d ia t e d his ,

a u t ho ri t
y, a nd
pu t t he for t re ss in a st a t e of d e fe n ce ,

lv
in t e nd ing t o d e i er it o e r t o S a hu ji B honsl a , who v -
, un

mind ful of t he fa ou rs he ha d r ece i ed from t hev v Im

perial had st r a ye d fr om t he
t hron e , of obed ie nce pa t h .

a nd had p osse ssed hims el f of N asik T rimba k S a n gam , ,

n ir a n d
j u nir a s far as t he cou n t ry of K ok a n H e ha d
, .

got in t o his pow e r on e of the re l a t iv e s of t he l a t e N iza m

S hah who ha d bee n co n fin e d in o n e o f t he st ron gest
,

for tr e sse s in t he k ingd om a n d ra ised t he ba n ner of ,

ind e pe n d e n ce H e ( M a hmu d K ha n ) 4 4 w ished t o d e l i

.

v e r t he for t ove r t o him K ha n z a ma n w ho w a s a c t ing .

-
,
I

a s d e pu t
y o f his f a t he r in t he gov er n me n t of t he D a k hin ,

B irar a n d K ha nd e sh w hen he w as in formed of M ahmu d ,

K ha n s proceed ings wro t e t o M ir K a sim Kha n H ara wi ‘

’
, .

comma n d a n t of t he for t of Al ang, which is n e ar t o

G alna H e d irec t ed him t o e nd e avour b promises o f
y
.

I mper ial fa vo u r t o w in him over a nd pre ve n t the su r ,

re nd e r of t he for t ress t o S a hu i B hon sl a M ir K asim -

j .

co mmu nica t ed w it h Ma hmu d K han on t he j

su b ect , a nd
t he l a t t er invit ed t he M ir t o co me to him . Af t e r a oo
g d
“
T his see ms t o be t he s e ns e o f t he p
a ssage , bu t it is
o bs cu re .
 39 .

BADS HAH N AM A -

d eal of t al k M ahm u d Kh a
,
n a sse n t e d t o t h e p o sit ion ] a nd
in t he ho p e of re a t re w a rd d el iv er ed ov er t h e fo r t to
a g
t he r e presen t at ives of t he E mperor . .

s rx m
'
Y EAR or r un m an , 1042 AH . .
( 1632 AD .
)
( Text , vol i p B hagira t B hil chief of t he d is
. . ,

aff ec t ed in t he provin ce of M al wa re l ying on t he nu mb

.

er
,

of his fol l owers a nd t he st re ngt h of his fort of Kha t a

lt hi fi "5 had refu sed obed ie n ce t o t he governors of M al wa
,
.

H e vent ured t o show his d isaffec t ion t o N usra t Khan .

when he was gover n or a nd t he K han marched from

,

S aran gpu r t o cha st ise him T he Kh a n s fame as a sol

’
.

d ier had it s eff ect T he r ebel ga v e u pal l hope of resist

.

a n ce a nd
, seek ing a n in t rod u ct io n
,
to N u sra t Kha n
t hrou gh S a ngra m Za mind a r of K anur , he su rrend ered ,

his fort ress .

DES TRU CTI ON OF U TEM PLES H ND I

(p . It had be e n brou ght t o t he not ice
of H is

M aj est y t hat t e mpl es

d uring t he l a t e re ign ma ny id ol
ha d been begun, bu t rema in ed u nfin ished , a t B enare s,
t he
grea t st ronghol d of in fid el it y T he infid el s were .

n ow d esir ou s of compl e t ing the m H is M aj est y t he d e .

,

fe nd er of t he faith ga ve ord ers t ha t a t Be nares, an d

,

t hrou ghou t al l his d omin ions in e ve r

y pl ace al l t empl es ,

t ha t had been be un shou l d be cas t d own I t was now

g .

re port ed from t he provin ce of Al l ahab ad t ha t sevent

y six
-

t e mpl es had bee n d es t ro ed in t he d i st ri ct of B en ares

y .

OON Q U E S T OF DAU LATAB AD

(p Fat h A mba r Habshi conce iv
K han, of
’
. son ,

ing his int erest t o l ie in mak ing su bmi ssion t o t he E m

pe ror, had sent his son, Abd u r R u su l , wit h a su it abl e
'
-

off eri n
g o the foot of t ha t I mp eri a l t hrone , p
'
t ro essing:
-

o bed ience a nd pra in

y g for favou r T he Emperor graci .

‘5
K unt hark era,” in M a l col m’s M ap
“
f Cent ra l
o
I n d ia, on t he K a l i S ind , a bou t t hirt miles N
'

y . of U jfa in .
 BADS HAH N AM A -

a ff a irs, marched
from Zafarnagar t o D a u l a t abad a nd .

on t he l a st d a y of Sha ba n N e xt mor n
’
r e a ched t here .

ing rod e ou t wi t h his son K ha n zama n to recon

'
-
, ,

n oit re t he for t ress a nd t ook u p his re sid ence in a hou se

,

bel ongin g t o N iz am S hah a t N iz ampu r n e a r t he for t ,

re ss .
p
(D is osit ion of his forces ) H e pl a ce d t he a rt ill ery .

a nd sie ge ma t er ial u n d er t he d irect ion of (his son )

Lu hra sp a n d ord ered t ha t
, a con st a n t fire shou l d be k e p t
u
pfrom a high bil l which gove rn s
fort re ss a n d u po n t he ,

w hich K a ghziwara st a t id s H e a l so ord ered Kha n za ma n

.
-

t o b e con st a n t l
y on t he al er t w it h c a v a l ry and ,

r ead
y t o ren d er assist a n ce w herever it might be r e qu ired
in t he t re n d i es T he I mpe ri a l army hav in g t hu s in v est
.

e d t he pl ace a nd forme d t ren che s

, pu shed on t he sie ge . .

ru n n in
g zigz ags formin g min es a n d pre paring sca l in g
,

l a d d er s .

Fa t h K ha n pl aced t he son of N iza m S hah in t he

Ka l a k ot-

( bl ack fort ) , w hich wa s con sid ere d imp re gn

l
ab e . H e himse l f t ook post in t he M a ha k ot (gr e a t por t )
-
.

a nd t he
bo d y of t he force s w er e s t a t io n ed in t he o ut er
w ork s ca ll ed Ambar k o t beca u se t he
’

y ha d bee n ra ised
-
,

b y M a l ik ’ Ambar t o prot ec t t he p l ace aga ins t t he a d

v a n ce of t he I mpe rial pow er ( D e fea t of ma ny a t t e mb i v .

[ 0 vic t u a l a n d r e l ie v e t he for t re s s fr o m w it hou t a nd of

,

sort ie s fr o m w it hin
)
O n t he 9 t h Sha w w a l a min e which ha d bee n forme d
from t he t ren che s of K ha n z a man w a s char ed a n d t he
g ,

f orce s ha v in g be e n n a me d for t he a ssa u l t w ere ord ered ,

t o assembl e in t he t re nches
be f ore bre a k o f d a y T he .

min e w a s t o be fired a t t he firs t a ppe ara nce of d aw n .

and u p on t he w a l l s b e in
g bl o w n d ow n t he S t orme rs ,

w er e t o ru sh in t o t he fort B y mist ak e t he min e w a s

.

fir e d a n hou r be fore d aw n a nd be fore t he st ormin g

,

p a rt ie s were re ad y T w e n t y e ight gaz of t he w a l l s a nd -

t w e l v e ga z of t he ba st ion w a s b l ow n a w ay a nd a w id e .

b reach w a s ma d e
.

B u t t he t roops n o t ha v in riv ed
g a r
.
.

n o e n t ry w as e ff ec t ed T he d efen d ers ru shed t o t he

.
 $2

’
Annu - t. HAM ID u mom

arrows, bu l l e ts , and
brea ch, a nd k e pt
u
p su ch a i
ra n of

t ha t t he st orm g i p ar t w as o b l ig e d t o t ak e re
rock e t s n y
emsel ves t o
,

f u ge in t he t re n ch es T h e n .
t h e
y e x e r t e d t h
p i h p l i d d p l n k s T h e com
st o t h e b r e a ch w t a sa e s a n a .

ma nd er of t he m p i l m d i d d i m ou nt nd
I e r a a r
y es r e t o s
a
l ea d t he assu l t bu t N a siri K ha n u rged t ha t it was aga mst
,

al l t he ru e s ol f w a r f ar e f o r t h e c o m m a n d e r in -chief to -

h w H hi m l f w ld l e a d t h e st orm i ng
ac t i n su c a a
y e . s e o u

pa rt y t ru st ing in G od an d hoping for t he fa vou r of t he

,

R a t hor
Em p e r o r . K h an k h a n a n- d irec t ed M a h e s D as

an d o t h ers t o s u pp o r t h i m T h e I m p er .
i a l t r oo ps r u shed

t o t he bre ach a nd t he d e fe nd e rs mad e a d espera t e resist

,

a nce ; bu t Kha n a l t hou gh wou nd ed

N a siri f orced his
, ,

wa y in u pon t he right a nd R a j a B ihar S ingh a nd o t her ,

H ind u s u pon t he l ef t T hey w ere fierce l y e n cou n t ered

.

by K ha iriya t Kha n B ij a pu ri a n d o t hers w it h sword and

d a gge r b u t t he y a t l e ngt h preva il e d a nd d r ove t he d e
, ,

fe n d e rs in t o t he d it ch oi t he M ah a - k ot f or she l t er G rea t .

n u mbe rs of t he garr is on fe ll u n d e r t he sword s of t he v ic ,

T hu s f e ll t he ce l ebra t ed w ork s of M al ik Ambar

’
t ors . ,

w hich w ere fo u r t e e n ga z in he ight a n d t e n ga z in t hick

n e ss a n d w e l l f ur n ishe d wit h gu n s a n d a l l k ind s of d e
,

fe n ce s . T he I mperia l ha ving t hu s a chie ved co mma nd er .

a gre a t su ccess pro ce ed ed wit h N as iri K ha n t o inspect

,

t he wor k s a nd imme d ia t e l y t ook s t e ps for a t t a cki n

,
g t he
M aha k o t (D i vers ion ma d e by t he e ne my in t he d ire c
-
.

t io n of B ira r An ot her a t t e m t by R on d on l a a n d S a hu
.
p
ii t o r e l ie ve t he fort ress ) .

W it h
gre a t p erse vera nce t he be siegers pu shed a min e
u nd e r t he M a ha k o t a nd Fa t h K ha n w as so mu ch a l arm
-
,

e d t ha t he se n t his w iv es a n d f a mil y in t o t he K al a k o t -
.

H e himse l f w it h K ha iriy a t Kha n u ncl e o f R a n d a u l a

, , ,

so me o t he r B i a u ris r e ma in e d in t he M a ha k ot
a nd
j p ,
-

u r is be in g gr ea t l
T he B ija p y d e pr essed by t he scarcit y of
food a n d t he progr ess o f t he I mpe r ia l a r ms sou ght p er .

mission t hrough M a l u Ji t o be a l l owed t o esca pe secre t-

l v a n d t o go t o t he ir mast er
, K ha n k ha n a n sen t a w rit .
-
 43

BADS HAH N AM A
-

t e n conse n t , a nd by k ind word s e ncouraged t heir d r oop

ing s pir it s .N earl y t wo hu nd red of t hem af t er night
f a l l d esce nd ed by a l a d d er fas t e n ed t o t he ba t t le men ts .

Kha n kha n a n se n t f or t he m, and

- consol e d t he m wit h .

k in d word s a nd pre se n t s .
(S e ve ra l m ore a t t e m t s t o p
r e lieve t he fort ress
) .

O n t he 25 t h Zi l k a d a , t he comma nd er in chief
’ - —
-

v isit ed t he tr e nche s H e went t o S a iy id Al awal whose

‘

’
. ,

ost w as n e ar t he mine of t he S her H a j i of t he M ah a k o t

p
— -
.

a nd d e t ermined t ha t t he mine shou l d be bl own u p .

Fa t h K ha n got no t ice of t his a nd in t he e xt re mit y of

,

his fe ar he se n t his wa k il t o K ha n k ha n a n a nd - w it h
,

g r ea t h u mil it y re p re se n t ed t hat h e had b ou nd h im se lf

t o t he Ad il K ha n is by t he most sol emn compact no t t o

’
- .

mak e peace wit hou t t heir a pprov al H e t here fore w ish .

e d t o se n d on e of his fo l l owers t o M u ra ri P a nd it t o l et ,

him k n ow how d est it u t e t he fort w a s of prov ision s a nd ,

how har d it w as pre sse d by t he besiege rs H e a l so wa n t

.

e d t he P a nd it t o se n d w a k il s t o se t t l e w it h him t he t erms

of p ea ce a n d t he su rre nd er of t he fort H e t herefore

.

begged t ha t t he expl osio n of t he min e might be d eferred

for t ha t d a y so t hat t here might be t ime for an a n swer
,

t o c ome from M u ra ri P a nd it K han kha n a n k n ew very

.
-

w e l l t ha t t here w a s n o sincerit y in h is prop osal a nd ,

t ha t he o n l y wa n t e d t o
ga in a d ay by ar t ifice ; so he
re pl ie d t ha t if F a t h K han w ishe d t o d e l a
y t he expl osion
for a d a y he mu st imme d ia t el y se nd o u t his son as a
,

host age .

When it had become evid e n t t ha t Fa t h K han d id

'

n o t in t e n d t o se nd his son ou t t he min e w a s e xpl od e d

, .

A bast ion a nd fift een a rd s of t he w al l w ere bl own u

y p .

T he bra ve men w ho aw a it ed t he e xp l osion ru shed fof

w ard and heed l e ss o f t he fire fr om a l l sort s o f arms
, .

w hich fe ll u po n t he m from t he t o M
p of t he a ha k ot -
,

t he y mad e t he ir wa y in .T he comma nd er inc hie f now -

d irec t ed t ha t S a iyid ’ Al awa l a nd ot he rs w ha whe l d t he

t re nches on t he ou t sid e of t he d it ch o
“ '

pposid e t he Sher
,
 44

’
AB Du- L HAM ID LAH O RI

H aj i shou l d in sid e a nd br av e l y c a st u p t re nche s i n

, go
d e mon s t ra t i on ma d e by
t he in t er ior .
(D efea t o f a

M u ra r i P a n d it . S u r re nd er of t he fort of N a ba t i nea r

G a l na ) .

F at h f rom his l p of he e d l e ss
K ha n now w ok e u
p s ee

n e ss a nd s e cu r it y . He sa w t ha t D a u l a t ab a d cou l d no t
r esist I mpe ria l a rms a nd t he v igour of t he
t he I mper1 ai
c omma nd er T o sav e t he honou r of his ow n a nd N 1 zam
.

S ha h s w ome n he se n t his e l d e st so n Abd u r R u su l t o

'
’ -

l a in h b l a me of his c on d u ct on
K ha n k han a n -

( y g t e ,

Sa hu j i a n d-
’
Ad il K ha n is) l I e b e gged for for given ess -
.
—

a nd for a w eek s d e l a y t o e n a bl e him t o r e mov e his and

’
,

N iza m S ha h s f a mil y from t he f or t re ss w hil e his son t e

’
.

ma in e d a s a host a ge in Kha n k ha n an s pow er

’
K han -
.

k ha n a n ha d co mpassion gra nt ed on his f a ll e n con d it ion ,

him sa fe t y a n d k e p t his son a s a ho st a ge

, Fa t h Kha n .

a sk e d t o b e su ppl ie d w it h t he me a n s o f carry in g ou t his

f a mil y a n d prop er t y and w it h mo ney for ex pe nse s ,

.

K ha n k ha n a n se n t him his ow n e l e phan t s a n d ca me l s

-

a n d se v e ra l l it t er s a l so t e n l a rs a n d fif t
y t hou sa n d ru p e e s
in ca sh be l on gin g t o t he S t a t e a n d d e ma n d e d t he su r
. .

e n d er of t he f or t r e ss Fa t h K ha n se n t t he k e y s t o K ha n
r
,

k ha n a n . a nd se t a b ou t
pre par ing for his ow n d epa r t u re .

K ha n k ha n a n -
t he n pl a ce d t r ust v gu a rd s o er v t hega t e s .

On t he l gth 7 i l .
-
hi jja Fa t h K ha n ca me ou t of t he

fo r t re ss a nd d e l iv er e d it u
p. T he for t r ess con sist ed of

n i ne d iff er e n t w ork s . fiv e u p on t he l ow gro u n d a nd fou r ,

u po n t he to p of t he hill . T he se w it h t he gu n s a n d al l
t he mu n it ion s of w a r w ere su rr e n d e re d K ha n k ha n a n-

w e n t in t o t he f or t re ss . a nd ha d t he k u ut ha r e ad in t he
F mperor s ’
na me .

T he ol d n a me of t he fort ress of D au l a t aba d was

D eo - g it
“

. or D har a tr ar . It st a n d s u po n a r ock w it h t o
w e rs t o t he sk y . In circu mfere n ce me a su res 5000 l egal
it
scar e d so ca r ef ul l y f rom
ga z . and t he ro ck al l r ou n d is p ,

t he b a se of t he f or t t o t he l eve l of w ater . t ha t a sn ak e

or an a nt . w ou l d a sce nd it w it h d ifficu l t y . Ar ou nd it
 « IS

BADS HAH N AM A -

m i w id t h, a n d
’
t here i s a o a t f o r t y l eg a l y ar d s ( z a ra
) n

p h i o h l id k I n t h e he ar t o f
t hirt y in d e t cu t , n t t e s o r o c .

d p l 1 k e t he
t he r o ck t h ere is a d ar k a n t o r t u o u s a s s a g e ,

i oa d
a sce n t of a mi n are t , a nd
b
a l i g h t i s r e
q u ire d t h ere n r

l f a nd t he
d a y l ight T .h e st e p s a r e c u t i n t h e r o ck i t se ,

m i l d b i I t i b t hi r o ad a nd
b o t t o s c o se
y a n ro n g a t e s y . s

w a y t ha t t he fort re ss i s e n t e r e d B y t h e p. a s sa g e a l a rge

iro n braz ier ha d bee n con s t ru c t ed w hich whe n n e ce ssa r y , ,

,

cou l d be pl ace d in t he mid d l e o f it a nd a fire be ing ,

k in dl ed in t his bra zier it s he a t wo u l d eff e ct u a ll y pre ve n t

,

a l l pr o re ss T h e ord in ar y me a n s of be sie gin g a for t by

g .

mines su ba is, e t c a re of n o a va il a ga in st it
, .
,
.

K ha n k ha n a n -
d e sire d t o l eav e a garrison in t he

c a p t u re d f or t ress a n d t o go t o B u rha n p u r
,
t ak ing N iza m ,

S ha h a n d F a t h K ha n w it h him T he I mper ia l a rmy ha d

.

e nd u re d ma n y ha rd ships a nd pri va t ions d u ring t he

sie e T h e y ha d con t in u a ll y t o con e n d a a in st
g
g
t
.

hor se of B ij a pu r a nd N iz a mu l H u lk a nd t o st ru ggl e
-
,

har d fo r su ppl ie s N a siri t h a t

.
(
who had bee n crea t ed
K ha n d a u ra n ) w a s a l w a y s a d y f r se rv ice a n d he off e red
“

-
.
,

to t ak e mma nd of t he
t he co d re ss .S o K ha n k ha na n -

l ef t him a n d some ot her officers in cha n e

g a nd marche d ,

wit h his a rmy t o Za fa m a gar . Af t e r re a ching t ha t

pl ace M u r ar i
, P a nd it a n d t he B ija p u ris se n t F ar ha d t he ,

f a t her o f B a n d an l a t o t re a t for p e a ce ; b u t K ha n k ha n a n
,
-

k new ir a rt fu l n e ss a n d p e rfid y and se n t him ba ck ,

a ga in . T he B ija pu r is , in d esp a ir and l

re ck e ssne ss , n ow

t u rn ed back to D a u l a t ab ad . T hey k n ew t ha t prov isions

w ere ver y sca rcegarr ison sma ll
a nd t he
T he e n t re nch .

me n t s w hich t he be siegers ha d raise d were n ot t hrow n

d own so t he Bija p
, u ris t ook po sse ssion of t he m in v est e d ,

t he fort r ess a n d fou ht a a in s t it K ha n d a u ra n w it h

g g
-
.
,

o u t w a it in
g f or re in forceme n t s bol d l y sal l ie d ou t a n d ,

a t t a ck e d t he m re pe a t ed l y By k in d t re a t men t he ha d
“

c oncil ia t ed t he ra iya t s of t he n e i hbou rhoo d a nd t he y

g ,

p
su p l ie d him w it h pr ov ision s so t ha t he w as in n o w a n t , .

A s soon as K han k ha n an he ard o f t hese proceed in s he

-

g
 ’
Annu - i . m u m “ mo m

marched forT he e n e my find ing t ha t

D a u l a t a bad .
t he y

c ou l d accompl ish not hin g aba n d one d t he sie e a s

g ,
soo n

a s t he y he a rd of t he a ppr oa ch of K ha n kha n a n and t he n

-
,

re t re a t e d by N asik a n d T rimba k .

CHRI STIAN PR I S ON ERS

T on t he 1 1 t h M uha rram ( 1043
( e xt ,
,

K as im K ha n an d B a had u r K a mbu 40 0
C hrist ia n prison ers mal e and femal e y ou ng a nd ol d
, , ,

w it h t he id ol s of t he ir worship t o t he prese nce of t he ,

fa it h d efe nd ing E mperor

-
H e ord e re d t ha t t he prin ci pl e s
.

o f t he M u ha mmad an r e l i ion
g shou l d b e e xpl ain e d to

t he m a n d t ha t t he y shou l d be cal l e d u pon t o a d o p t it

,
.

A f ew a ppre cia t ed t he _
honou r offer ed to t he m a nd

mbra ced
"

e t he f a it h : k ind n ess of t he p
t he y e x er ie nce d t he
E mperor B u t t he maj ori t y in perversit y a nd wil fu l n ess
.

re j ec t e d t he pr op osa l T hese were d ist r ibu t ed a mong t he

,

a mirs, who w ere d ir ect e d t o k ee p t hese d e sp i a bl e wr e t che s

c
in rigoro u s con fineme nt When a ny one of t hem acce p .

t e d t he t r u e f a ith, a re p or t wa s t o be mad e t o th e E mpe ror ,

so t ha t provision might be mad e for him T hose who .

re fu sed w er e t o be k e p t in con t inu a l c on fine me n t So .

it ca me t o pass t ha t man y of t hem pass e d from pr ison t o

he l l . S u ch of their id ol s a s were l ik en esses of t he p ro

phe t s w ere t hrown in t o t he j umn a t he re st were

.

brok e n t o p ieces .

LAST OF TH E I A
N Z M S H AH S
(T e xt , i vol .I sl a m K ha n re t u r ne d t o C ou r t
. p .
,

b ringin g w it h him t he ca pt ive N iza m S hah a nd F a t h

Kha n w ho m K ha n kha na n M ahaba t
, K ha n had -
se n t

t oge t her w it h t he pl u nd er t a k e n a t D a u l a t a b a d N iza m .

S hah w a s pl aced in t he cust od y of K ha n J a han in t he

’

-
,

fort of G w al ior T he crime s of Fa t h K ha n were

.

mercifu l l y pard oned ; he w as ad mit t ed int o t he I mpe rial

serv ice an d rece iv ed a k hil a t a nd a
’
,
gra n t o f t wo l a cs of
ru pe es per a n nu m . H is propert y al so w as re l in
qu ished to
h im, bu t t ha t of N iza m Shah wa s confisca t ed .
 47

s zv m n m or 111mm 10 43 ( 1 6
,
3 3 as ) .

(p. T he E mp
eror ha d n e ver vis it e d Lahore o ne , of

to p
rocee d t hit her, and a l so to p ay a visit to th e peer
la va l e of Accord ingl y he se t ou t from Agra
Kashmir .

Sha ba n 1 043 His M ajest y s sense of

' ’
o n t he 3 t d
-

s t i ce an d c ons id era t ion for his su bject s in d u ced him t o

j u
o rd e r t ha t t he B a k hs hi of t he aha d is wit h his a rche rs
'

shord d t a k e charge of on e sid e of t he mad and t he M ir

a t ish wit h his ma t chl ock me n shoul d guard t he o t her so

-
,

t ha t t he growing crop s shoul d n o t be tra mp l e d u nd e r foot

b y t he f oll owers of t he royal t rain As howe ver d amage . , ,

might be c aused , d a r oghas mushn fs and a mim w ere

'

o examine p
and re ort o n t he e xt en t of
a
pp o i n t ed t

might be co mpznsa t e d for t he ind ivid ua l l oss t hey had

s ust a ined .

again st P are nd a
’
M a rc h o f P ri nce S ha h S hu ja

( T e xt , v ol ii p . T he foru m of P ar e nd a , bel onging

. .
-

t o N imm S ha h, was formerl y besieged by Au m Kha n

'

bu g as befcre re l a t ed , cen a in obst ad es comPe ll ed him t o

ra ise t he se ige
’
Ad il Kha n ( by caj ol ery a nd bribe ry )
.

fort ress ha d l ong been a fa vou rit e ob ect j wit h Khan

B urha np ur wit h a fin e army Khan k han an, wa it e d ,

-

u on him an d a d vise d him t o u n d e rt ak e t he re d u ct ion

"

p ,

o f P are nd a S o t he P rin ce , wit hou t e n t e ring B urha n ur

,

p ,

t urn ed off a n d ma rch ed a ai nst t ha t form O n arri v

g
'

in g a t P are nd a he e n ca mped on a st rea m abou t a ha s

,

d is ta n t w hich is t he onl y w a t er t o be fou nd in t he vicin

,

it y T he n he a ll ot t e d t he w ork of c onstr uct i n

g t he
.
,

B e ncheg an d
pl a ced t he ge ne ml d irect ion of t he siege
w ork s in t he ha n d s of Al l a Vard i K ha n
(M a ny con flict s .

a nd s kirmis hes in t he ne i hbou rhood

g ) .

T he d fort s of t he besiegers in t he mnst ru cnon of '

 49

A HAH N AM A
B DS -

t he k ee ping of such wond erfu l br ill ian t s ca n onl y re nd er

on e service , t ha t of ad orni ng t he t hr on e of empire . T hey
o ught t heref ore, t o be u t t o su ch a u se, t ha t behol d ers
p
might share in and benefit by t he ir spl end ou r, and t ha t
M a j est y might shine w ith increased brill iancy . I t was .

a ccord in l
g y ord ered t ha t, in a d di t ion t o t he j ewel s in t he
Imp eri al jewel house. rubie s, garnets, d iamonds , rich
-

e arl s a nd emeral d s, t o t he v al u e of 20 0 a cs of ru pees,

p l
shou l d be br ou ht for t he insp ec t ion of t he E m e ror, and
g p
t ha t t hey, w it h some exquisit e j ewel s of great weight ,
exceed ing misk a l s, an d wor t h eight y-six lacs oi
ru pees, hav ing bee n carefu l l y se l ect e d , shoul d be ha nd ed
ov er t o B e bad al Kha n, t he su p er in t e nd e nt of t he
gol d
-

smi t h s d e part me nt T her e w as al so t o be given t o him

’
.

o n e l ac of t ol as of pu re
gol d equ al t o , miska ls in .

we ight and four t een l acs of ru pe es in v al u e . T he t hrone

was t b be t hree gaz in l en gt h, t wo a nd a hal f in bread t h ,

a nd five in height a nd , w as t o be se t wit h t he above

men t ioned jewl es T he ou t sid e of t he cano py was t o be
.

of ena mel W ork w it h occas ion a l gems, t he insid e was t o

be t hickl y set wit h r u bies garne ts, and ot her j ewel s, a nd
,

it was t o be su ppor t ed by t w el ve e meral d col u mns On

.

t he t a pof each pill ar t here w ere t o be t wo pe acock s t hick

set wit h ge ms, a nd be t wee n each t wo pe acock s a t re e se t

wi t h ru bies and di amo nd s e mera l d s a n d

, pearl s T he.

a scen t was t o co nsist of t hre e st e ps se t w it h jewl es of fine

wa t er . This t hrone w a s compl e t ed in t he course of seve n

‘

ea rs a t a cost of 1 0 0 l acs of ru pees O f t he e l even

y .

jewel l ed recesses ( ta k ht a ) formed arou nd it for cushions ,.

t he mid d l e one, in t e n d ed for t he sea t of t he E mp eror ,

cost t e n l a cs of ru pe es Amo ng t he j ewel s se t in t his

.

rece ss wa s a ruby wor t h a l ac of ru pees wit h S ha h Ab

’

,
bas .

t he k ing of I ran, had pre sen t ed t o t he l a t e Emperor

aha n gir w h o se nt it t o his pr e se nt M aj est y , t he S ahib
j ,

K ira ni -s a ni, w he n b e a cco m pl is he d t he c o n q u es t o f t he

D ak h in O n it w ere e n gr a v e d t h e n a m e s o f S a h ib k ira n
-

W
.

T imu r , M i S h h R k h n d M i U l h B eg h en
( ) r a u a , rza u g .

4
 50

’
AB DU L n u
-
mb m o m

in me it ca me in t o t he possession of S ha h
course of t i

Abba s his n a me w as a d d ed ; and whe n Jahangir obtai ned

’

it he a d d ed t he n ame of hi mse lf and of his fa t her

“
.
,

N ow it rece ived t he a d d i t ion of t he n a me of his most

gr a ciou s M a j es ty S hah J aha n B y co mman d of t he .

E mpe ror t he fo ll ow ing mas na w i by H a j i M u ha mma d

, ,

j a n t he fin al verse of w hich con t a ins t he d a t e was

, ,

pl a ce d u pon t he in sid e of t he c an o py in l e t t ers of green

ena mel .

O n his r e t u rn t o Agra t he E mpero r hel d a cour t . ,

s a t f or t he firs t t ime on his t hron e Yaminu d d a u l a .

Asaf K ha n w as promot ed t o t he di gnit y o f Kha n k ha na n -

.

( Con qu es t by N aja ba t K ha n of
‘

se vera l forts be l ongi ng t o

t he za min d a rs of S rina ga r a nd his su bse e n orce d
f
,
que nt
re t r ea t .
)
REB E LLI O N or j AJ HAR s mon nu nu m AN D ms S ON
B IKR AM AJ IT

( T ext ,
vo l ,
ii . p . 94) H is M a j est y in t he se cond ye ar of

T he fo l l ow ing is t he a cc ou n t
giv e n o f t he t hrone in
t he S ha h j a ha n - - na ma o f
’
I na y a t K ha n '

T he N a u- roz
t he 1044 fe l l t he w he n H is H a ja l y
’
0] y ear on Id i -
fit r ,
_

w a s t o t a k e his o n t he
sea t ne w
jewe l le d t hrone . T his
go rge ous s t ru c t u r e, w it h a ca nop y su ort e d on g raphic p
p -

pil l a rs mea su re d t hree y a rd s a n d a hal f in l e ngt h, t wo

,

a n d a ha l f in brea d t h, a n d
five in height , fro m t he fligh t of
p
s t e s t o t he ove rha n i n
g g d o me O n hi s M ajes ty s ac ce
’
.

ss io n t o t he t hr o ne , he ha d co mm a nd ed t ha t eight six
y
-

l a cs wor t h of e ms a n d
g pre ciou s s t ones
, a nd a d ia mon d
w or t h la cs , which t oge t her ma ke a crore o ru ees
fou rt een
a s mon e
f p
y is rec k one d in H ind us t a n, shou l d he u se d i n
its d ecora t ion I t was com l e t ed in p
s eve n
y ea rs, a nd
.

a mon
g t he p re c ious st ones w as a ru b
y w ort h a l ac of
p
ru e es t ha t S ha h A bbas Sa fa vi
’

ha d s en t t o t he la t e
, E m eror, o n w hic h were
p ins cribed t he na mes of t he
rea t T imu r S a hib K ha n e t c”
g ,
-
.
 SI ~

B ADS HAfl N -
AM A

his re i n
pard o ned t he misd eed s of t his t ur bu l e n t ma n
g ,

a nd se n t him on service t o t he D a k hin Aft er a whil e .

he t ook l ea ve of M aha ba t Kha n Khan kha n a n t he rul e r -

,

o f t he D ak hin a nd re t ired t o his ow n cou n t ry l ea v ing

, ,

be hi nd him so n B ik ra ma jit e n t it l ed Jagra j a nd his c on . ,

t inge n t me n O nof g home he a t t a ck ed B im

. re achin ,

N ara in Za min d ar of
, G a rha an d ind u ce d him by a ,

t re a t y a n d pro mi se t o
su rre nd er t he for t o f Chau r a arh
‘7
g .

Af te rwa rd s in viol a t io n of his e nga gemen t he p

, u t B im ,

N ara in an d a n u mber of his foll owe rs t o d e a t h a nd t ook ,

pos essio n o f t he fort wit h’ al l t he mon e y a n d val u abl es

,

i t cont a in ed B im N ara in s so n a cc ompa n ied Khan d a n

.

ra n t o Co u r t from Mal wa ta k ing wit h him a n offe ri ng ,

,
a nd he ma d e k nown t o t he E mpror wha t ha d ha ppen ed .

A fa n - na n was t hen se n t t o J a jhar S in gh, charging him

wit h having k ill ed B im N ara in a nd t ak ing p ossess ion of ,

G arha wihou t t he au t hor it y of t he E mp

. eror and d ir ce ,

t ing him t o su rrend er the t e rri to ry t o t he ollicers of t he

C rown or e lse t o give u p t he ja girs he h el d in t his own
,

e ormt r y and t o se nd t o Court t en la cs of ru ees in cas h

p
-

ou t o f t he mon e y which had bel on e d t o B im N ar a in

g .

H e got not ice of t his farma n fro m his va k ils before it

‘

a rrive d a n d be in
,
g re sol ved t o resis t , he d irect ed his son
B ik ra mj it t o esca pe wit h his t roop s from t he B al agha t ,

whi t her he had gone wit h Khan d a ura n an d t o mak e ,

t he ba t of his w a y home T he sen act ed accordi ngl y, .

bu t he w as a t tack ed a t Ashta “
in Mal w a by K ha n zama n -
,

N azi m of t he P a y in gha t w hen ma ny of his me n w ere k il l

-
,

e d , a n d he himsel f was wou nd ed an d n arrowl y e sca ped : ,

bu t he ma d e his way by difficul t a nd u nk nown road s

t hro u gh t he jun gl es a nd hil l s and j oin ed hi s fa t her in t he ,

a rga na of D ha mu ni m
p "
e n se n t a ga ins t t he re be l
.

"
S e venty mile s W .
f J
o a ba l
p ur F - Ain i A k ba ri,
-
vo l .

5.
p
. 36 7 .

“
S ixty mil es S W of B ho , .
p
al .

“
I n B u nd e l k ha nd ne a r la t . l ong .
 52

AB D U -
L H M A ID m o m

u nd e r t he no mina l co mma nd of P rin ce A u ra ngze b ) .

T he d ilf ere n t d iv ision s of the I mperia l army u ni t ed

a t B ha n d e r a nd pre pa red for t he re d u ct io n of t he for t
,

res s of U n d c ha O n a rriv in wit hin

.
t hr ee has of g
U nd cha w he re , t he forest t err it ory of J aj har co mmen ces ,

t he f or ce s w e re c on s t a n t l
y occu p ie d in c u t t in
g d own t re es

a nd forming roa d s . E v ery d a y t he y ma d e a l it t l e a d

v a n ce j aj ha r ha d
. wit h him in U n d cha n e a rl
y 5 000
ho r se a nd foo t a n d was re so lve d t o co n t e st t he
,

p a ssage t hr o u gh t he wood s E very d ay he se n t ou t .

ca v a l r y a nd in f a n t ry t o k ee p u nd e r t he co ve r o f t he t re es ,

a n d t o a n no
y t he roya l fo rces w it h mu sk e ts a nd ar rows .

B u t t he I mp e rial ar my k ill e d some of t he m eve r y d a y ,

a nd for ced it s w a y t o t he ne ighbou rhood of K ahmar

w a l i, on e ha s from U nd cha , wher e t he l
re be s we re d e t er
mined to fight .

R aj a D e bi S ingh w it h
gu ard o f Kha n
, t he a d va nce d

d a u ra n pressed forw ard a nd t ook t he l it tl e hil l of

,

K ahma r w a l i from J ajha r s me n N ot w it hst a nd i ng t he ’

-
.

d e nsit y a n d st r e ng t h of his forest s J a j har w a s al ar med a t ,

t he a d v a n ce of t he I mpe ria l force s a n d r e mov ed his ,

f a mil y his ca t t l e a n d mon e y from U n d cha t o t he fort

, ,

of D ha mu n i , w hich h is f a t he r had
O n t he eas t bu il t .
,

n or t h a n d so u t h o f t his for t t here a re d e e p ra v ines w hich ,

prev e n t t he d igging of min e s or t he ru n n ing of zigz a gs .

O n t he w es t sid e a d ee p d it ch had be e n d u g t we n t
y
impe r ia l y ard s w id e s t re t chi n
g f rom rav in e t o r a vi n e
, .

Le a v ing a for ce t o garrison U n d cha he himse l f wi t h , ,

B ik ra maji t a nd a l l t he ir conne x ion s w e n t off t o Dha

.
,

mu n i T his fl ight e ncou ra ged t he ro y a l forces a nd on

.

t he 2nd J u ma d a s sa n i
( t hey t ook U nd cha by esca l a d e ),
-

a nd t he
ga rr ison fled .

Af t er r e st ing o ne d a a t U n d cha t he ro a l a rmv

y y ,

crosse d t he r ive r S a t d hara o n which t he t ow n st and s ,

,

an d w e nt in pu rsu it of t he re be l s
O n t he 14 t h it wa s .

l hree ha s from D ha mu n i w he n in t e ll i e n ce
g c a me in t ha t
.
 53

B ADS HAH N AM A -

Jaj har ha d fl ed w it h his famil y and prope rt y t o t he f ort

o f Chaun garh, on t he se cu rit y of w hich he had grea t

r el ia n ce B ef ore l ea ving he bl e w p h b u il d i n s
'

. u t e g
r ou nd t he fort of D ha mu n i a n d l ef t on e of his officers ,

a n d a bod
y o f f ai t hfu l a d he re nt s t o
g a rri s o n t he fort .

T he Imperi al ar my was e nga ged tw o d ays in felling t rees

a nd cl earin
g a passage , a nd t he n r e a che d t he fort ress .

T he y pushed t he ir t re n ches t o t he ed ge of t he d i t ch an d
,

pressed t he garri son hard T he fort k e pt u p a hea vy .

fir e t ill mid night , whe n al arm ed a t t he progress of t he

besiege rs, t hey se n t t o pro pose a ca pit u l a t i on Fa voured .

b y t he d ark n e ss t he me n of t he garr ison ma d e t he ir w a y

,

o u t a n d hi d in t he j u n gl es
, T he I mperial f orce s t hen
.

e nt er ed t he pl ace, a n d be gan t o sack i t A cry ar ose .

t ha t a par t y of t he e n e my st i ll he ld posse ssion of a b as t ion .

’
Ali Asghar a n d t he me n u n d er him carrie d t he
t ower ; bu t w hil e t hey were e ngaged in pl un d ering a s park ,

from a t orc h fell u pon a hea p of gu n powd er which bl ew ,

u
pt he bast ion wit h e ighty y ard s of t h’e w all on bot h sid es ,

al t hou h it w as t e n
g y eard s t hick Al i Asghar an d his .

fol l ow ers all pe rished N ear l y 30 0 men a n d 200 horses

. .

w ho were n ear t he e n t ra n ce o f the f o rt w er e k il l ed .

J a j har o n he ari ng of t he a pproach of t he I mperi al

,
.
‘

force s d e st r oyed t he gun s of t he f ort re ss ( of Cha ur agarh)

, ,

bu r n t all t he pro pert y he ha d t he re bl e w u pt he d w e ll ,

in gs which B im N ar a in had bu il t w it hin t he fo rt an d ,

t he n w e n t off wit h his f amil

y a n d su ch good s as he cou l d
car r y t o t he D a k hin T he I m
. peri al ar.my t
‘
n t ook

possession of t he fort r ess A cha u d ha ri brou ght in infor

.

ma t ion t ha t J aj ha r had wit h him near ly 2000 horse a n d

,

4 000 foot .H e had al so six t y e l c nha n t s some of whi ch ,

w ere l oa d ed w it h gol d a nd sil v u money a nd gol d and

silv er v e sse l s ot hers car rie d t he me mbers of his fa mi l
,
y .

H e t ra v el l ed a t t he ra t e of four G on di hos, t ha t is n earl y ,

e i ht
g ord in ar y hos p er d iem Al t hou gh he had got .

fift ee n d a ys sta r t the I mperial army se t ou t in pu rsu it

’
, ,

a n d for f ear t he rebe l shou l d esca pe wit h his fa mil

y a nd
 54

’
Aa ou- r . mm m
11 1 o m

weal t h t he purs u re s hurr ied on a t t he ra t e of t e n G ondi

'

It o: a d a y (Lo ng a nd e xc it ing cha se )

. When pressed .

hat d by t he p u rsu ers

j ajhar a ml B ik ra mjit pg t t o d ca t h
,

t ur ne d u pon t he ir purs u e rs
Al t hou gh t he y fou ht
g .

da p era t el y t he y were bea t e n a n d fle d in to t he wood s

, . .

I nt e ll igence a ft e rward s was bro ught t ha t j a j har had sent

off his fa mil y a nd t re a s ure t o wa rd s G o lk o nd a in t e nd ing ,
.

t o fo ll ow t he m hims e l f T he ro ya l forces conse qu ent l y

.

A t l e ngt h t he purs uers ca me in sight of t he rebel s .

K ha n d a m n t he n sen t his e l d es t son Sai id Mu ha mmad

-
y , .

a nd some o t her office rs w it h 5 0 0 ho rs e t o ad va nce wit h ,

a l l s pee d a ai ns t t he m T he ho t pu rs u it al l owed t he r ebe l s

g .

no t ime to pe rform t he rit e of I a u ha r, which is o ne of

t he be nighte d p ra ct ices of H in d us ta n I n t he ir d esp ai r .

t he y inflic t e d t wo w o u nd s w it h a d agge r on Ran i P arba t i .

t he chie f wife o f R a j a N at S ingh D eo a nd ha ving ,

s ta bbe d t he o t her w ome n an d chil d re n wit h sword s a nd

d a gge rs t he y were a bo u t t o ma k e OK when t he pu rsu ers

, .

ca me u
p a nd pu t ma ny of t he m to t he sword . Kha n
d a uran t he n arrived , an d l
s ew ma n y w ho were e nd ea

vou r in
g to p
G ra e . D u rgbaha n , so n of J a jhar , a nd

D urj an Sa l , so n of B ik ra ma jit , were ma d e pri soners .

U d baha n, a nd his brot he r S iy a m Da w a , sons o f J a j ha r ,

t a k e n; U nd e r t he Ra ni P ar
d ire ct i o n of K ha n d - a u ra n,

ba t i an d t he ot he r w ou nd e d w o me n w ere ra ised fr om t he
grou nd and carrie d t o F il m J a ng T he royal army t hen .

e nca mped o n t he ed ge of a t he y rest e d

t here in forma ti o
, n w as brou ght t ha t J a j har and B ik ra ma

ing f rom t he b l ood y co n flic t

j i t, af te r G a
p had fled ,

t o hid e t hemsel ves in t he wil d s w here t he y w e re k il l ed ,

wi t h grea t cruel t y by t he G o nd s w ho in habit t ha t

cou n t ry Kha nd a u ra n
. . rod e fort h to se e k t heir bod ies .

a nd ha ving fou nd t he m . cu t off t he i r head s a nd se n t

 SS

B ADS HAB N AM -
A

t he m to Court . Whe n t he
y arrived , t he E mpe ro r
o rd e red t he m to ga t e o f Se hu r
be hun g u
pove r t he .

O n arr iving a t Cha nd a t he I mp eria l comma nd e rs ,

rc ol v ed t o ta k e t ribu t e from Ki pa , chief za mind a r of

G o nd w a n a a nd he conse nt ed t o p
, ay five lacs of
p
ru ee as t ribu te t o t he
g overn me n t and o ne lac of ,

l mperi al c om
p in a rsh and good s t o t he
‘

r u ees

O n t he 1 3 th J uma d a -s sa n i t he E mpe ror p rocee d ed

o n his j ourn e t o U n d cha a nd o n t he 2 1 st in t e l l ige nce

y ,

a rrived of t he ca t ure of t he f o rt of j han si on e of t he

p ,

st ron gest in t he B u n d el n cou n t ry .

I
N N TH YE AR or r un RE I G N , 1 045 A H . .
( 1 6 35 AD .
)
( T e xt vol i part 2 p
, . . An officer was se n t t o B ij a
, .

It hil a t et c and he was

’

p A d il Kh w ith
’
u r to an a , , ,

d irec te d t o requ ire t ha t Ad il Kha n shoul d be fa it hf ul

’

in his all egi an ce a nd r e ul ar in t he

g payme nt of his
t r ibu t e t ha t he sho u l d s u rr en d er t o t he Im erial officers
,
p
t he t erri t ori es he had t a k e n fro m N iza mu l M ul k a nd —
,

t ha t he shou l d e xp e l t he e vil mind ed S a hu a nd o t her -

ad here n ts of t he N iu mu l Mu l k fro m his d ominions -

.

( T e xt of t he fa rma n ) .

F ar ma n to K u t bu l l lf u l k
-

(of G o l lw ml a )

(I f sti
p u l a t es for t he a l le gia nc e of Ku t bu — l M u l ls t o t he
imp e ria l t hrone for t he k hu t ba be mg ,
re a d in t he na me
of t he E m e ro r a nd for t he p a yme n t
p ,
o f tr i bu t e , e t c ) .

(p , On t he 15 t h S ha ba n K ha n -d a m n
’
ca me
from Chan d a to wa it u po n t he E mpe ro r . He prese nt ed
t he wives of t he w re t ched Ja jha r , D u rgb aha n his
Du r j a n
his gra n d son B y t he E mpe ro r s
'

an d Sa l
“

so n , , .
.

o rd e r t he y w ere ma d e M u s al ma n s by t he n ames of

I sl am Ku l i a d Al i K ul i an d t he y w ere bot h pl ac e d
’
n , .

in t he charge of F iro z Kh a n N az ir Ra ni P arba t i be ing .

,

se verel y wou nd ed , was passe d v

o e r; t he o t he r wo me n
we re se n t to a t t e nd
p
u o n t he l a d ies of t he I mperia l
pa l a ce .
 BADS HAH N AM A-

b ro th er, S iyam D a w a 5 2 who ha d fled t o G ol k ond a w e re

, ,

m ad e p ri son ers b
y Ku t bu l Mu l k a nd w ere se n t in t us
-
,

t od
y t o t he E mpe ror . T hey
7 t h S ha ww al arri ved on t he .

T he y ou n g boy w as o rd ered t o be ma d e a M u su l ma n a n d ,

t o be pl ace d in char e of Fir oz K ha n N a z ir al on

g g w it h ,

t he son of B ik ra ma it
j U d b iha n a nd S iy am D a w a w ho
.
,

w e re of
ge w ere o ff er e d t he al t erna t ive of I sl a m
fu l l a ,

or d e a t h .T he y cho se t he l a t t e r a nd w er e sen t t o hel l , .

I t n ow be ca me k no w n t ha t Adi l K ha n misl ed by
’
,

e v il c ou n se l s a nd u n mindf u l
, of hi s a l l egi a n ce ha d ,

s ecr e t l
y se n t mo n e y t o t he c omma n d a n t of fort s U d gir
a nd U sa .H e ha d a l so se n t Kha iriy a t Kh a n w it h a

f orce t o prot ect t h ose t w o fort s a n d ha d commi ssion e d ,

R an d aul a t o su ppo r t S a hu I nce n sed w it h t hcse a ct s

. ,

t he E mpe ror se n t a for ce of a bou t me n u nd e r

S a iy id Kh a n J a ha n
-
t o cha st ise him
, O rd e rs w ere .

give n t ha t he a n d Kha n d a ura n a n d Kha n za ma n shou l d

-

march int o t he B ij a pu r t erri t orie s in t hr ee d iff ere n t

d ir e c t io n s t o pre ve n t K a n d a n l a f rom j oin in g S a hu a n d
, ,

t o r a v a e t he cou n t ry from e n d t o e n d If Ad il Kh a n
’

g .

shoul d a wa k e fr om his hee d l e ss st u pidi t y a nd sho u l d

"

pa y pr oper obe d ie n ce t hey w ere t o hol d t he ir ha nd s ; if

,

n ot , t he y we re t o ma k e e very e xer t ion t o cru sh him .

O n t he 1 1 t h a l e t t er a rr ived fr om S ha yist a Kh an re port ,

i ng t ha t S a l ih B e g t he N iz amu l M u lk i c omman d e r o f
,
-

t he fort of Kher d ara k ha d con -

fin e d al l S ahu ’ s me n w ho
,

w ere in t he for t a n d had su rre n d ere d it a nd its d e pe n d

,

e nc ie s t o t he I mperial c omm a n d e rs .

M ir Abu l H as a n a n d K a z i Ab u S a id w hom ’ Adi l

-
’

Kha n of B ij a p ur ha d se n t t o t he E mperor a f t er be in
g
ar o u se d from his n egl igen ce by t he d e s pa t ch of t he
Impe rial f orce s t o ra v age his d omin ion s n ow rrived , .

a nd pr ese n t ed tri bu t e a n d prese n t s .

M u k arra ma t Kha n t he I mperi al e n vo a pp roache d

,
y ,

52
T hese na mes a re her e s
p el t
“
U d iha n
S iy a m D a d a
”
.
 59

’
Art ou i -
. H A M ID u mo ru

B ij ap Ad il Kha n feari ng t he conseque n ces of

’
ur an d , ,

showin
g di sobe d ie nce came fort h fr om t he cit y five ha s ,

t o mee t him, a nd ma d e grea t show of su bmission and

r es
pect . d iscovered t ha t , a l t hough
B u t t he en vo y soo n

he mad e al l t hese o u t w a rd d e mons t ra t ions t hr ough fa r ,

he w as re l y d e sirou s o f e xci t ing d is t u r ba nces a nd off er
a l
ing op posit ion H e ma d e a re port t o t his eli ect , and
.

u pon his arri val , t he I mpe r ia l ord er wa s giv e n t o k il l

an d vage
ra as mu ch as possible in t he B ij a pu r te rri t ori es .

When '
Abd u l —
La t if , t he en voy to G ol k o nd a a
p ,

p ro ached t he ci t y , K u t bu l -
M u lk ca me fort h five k os t o
rec e i ve h i m, an d cond u c te d him t o t he wi t h grea t
c it y
hono u r
of t he
k hu t ba
.

E m
p
. H e had
eror ; be
th e
se
k hu t ba
vera l times
ra i d al o u d in t he na me

a t t end ed

pon
w he n t he
w as re ad , a nd bes t owed gift s u t he rea d er,

a nd he ha d co ins st ru ck in t he E mperor
’
5 na me , a nd

se nt s
pecime n ts of t he m to Cou rt .

( Co nques t o f t he for t of Cha n d or S u r re nd e r of t he

.

hil l for t of An ja ra i , a nd o f t he hil l fort s of K a nj na a nd

M j
a n na , Ab a na t , K o l , B a s ra , A c hl a ga r , a nd
R o la , I ota ,

ot he rs C onqu e s t o f t he for t of t he R a ja of B ir a ft e r
.

t w o mon t hs sie e S u rr e n d e r of t he fort of D ha ra b t o

’

g .

A l la h Ve rd i K ha n ) .

(S hay ist a K ha n t a k e s S a nga mnir a nd t he t own of .

J a a ir fro m S a hu S a hu s s on a t t e m ts t he r e c ove ry p
’
.
of

I u n ir ) .

CA M P AI G N AG AI N S T B IJ APU R
( T ex t , vo l . i. part 2
, p . O n t he 8 t h S ha ww al _ , a

ro yal ord e r re ac hed Khan d a u ra n n e ar U d gir , inform

ing him Ad il Khan ha d be e n re miss in his obe d i
t ha t
’

e n ce an d pa me nt of t rib u t e t ha t Kha n j a ha n had be e n

y
°
-

d i rect ed t o in va d e his t e rr i t ory by wa y of S hol a pu r .

K ha n za ma n b arm o f I n d a u r ; 3
p
5
-
y a nd t ha t he Khan ,

p fo ur mile s
53
B e t we e n P u na S hola
a nd u r, ei
ght y
-

fro m t he former .
 S9

d a u ran mus t march aga inst him by wa y of B id ar, and

,

l a y w as t e his co u n t ry Kha n -d a u ra n . accord i ngl y l eft

his baggage on t he ban k s of t he Wanj ira in charge of ,

a
part y of men whose ’ horses were in effect ive In t he .

beginning of N e w Ye ar s night he se t for m an d a t five .

o cl ock rea ched K al yan t he mos t flour is hing pl a ce in

’
,

t ha t cou n t r y T he inhabita n t s w ere qu it e u n pre par ed ,

a nd n e ar of t he m f ell u n d er his a t t ack M an y .

w ere t a k en pri son ers and grea t “ boo t y w as secured

, .

( N a ra inp u r, B ha l k i, a n d M a k na t h t a k e n in s uc ces sio n

,

a nd
p l u nd e re d . of t he e ne m d e fea t e d ne a r B id a r
y ) .

From B hal k i Kha n d a uran marched t o D e oni t hree-

,

k os from Ud gir an d fr om, t h e n ce t os B ij a pur ,

pl und eri ng a nd l aying w as t e al l t he cou n tr y H e t hen .

a t t a ck ed an d sa ck ed t he t w o grea t t owns of S u l ta np ur

a nd H ir a pur F rom Hira p

. u r be a d v a n ced t o the ri ver
Bhu nra 5 5 1 A part y of t he e n emy t he n d rew n ear a n d
.

t hr e a t e n e d him bu t w as d efe a t ed
, Aft er t his K ha n .
,

d a uran marched t o Firozab ad t w el ve ha s f rom B ij a p , ur .

A l e t t e r t he n ar rived fr o m M u k arrama t Kha n inf orm ,

ing him t ha t t he B ija p u r is had brok e n d o wn t he ta n k

of S ha hp ur and ha d t a k en al l
, t he inha b it a nts of t he

cou n t ry rou nd B ij a pur in t o t ha t cit y a n d t ha t n o wa t er ,

or f ood w as t o be fou nd in t he co u n t ry A l et t er .

fr om t he E mpe ror t he n re ached him t o t he e ff ect t ha t ,

Ad il Kha n had se n t t wo e n voys t o ma k e so me re prese n t a

’

t ions a bou t t he fort s of U sa a n d Ud gir; bu t as t hes e

bel o n ge d t o N iza mu l Mu l k t he E mperor woul d not

-
,

prese n t t hem t o him A re port rece ived su bse qu en tl y

.

from M uk a r ra ma t Kha n st a t ed t ha t Ad il Kha n ha d

’

“
N is
a ra in p ur one ha s a nd a ha l f from K a l ya n .

B ha l k i o r B a l hi is a bou t e qu i d is t a n t N f K a l ya n a nd
'

M a k na t h is ha s from B ha l k i fr om
“
B id a r .
t en , a nd t wo
B id a r .

T his na me ft e n
55
o occu rs, a nd is e vid e n t l y us e d far
t he B hima .
 ’

Annu r mum) m
-
. m
o

a ba nd on ed his cl a i m
f ort s, a n d had re t u rned t o t o th e se
his obedi ence Kha n-d au ran wa s t herefore d irect ed t o
.

d esis t fr om r av aging t he B ij a pur t erri t ories, an d t o l ay

siege t o U sa a nd Ud gir O n t he 23rd M uha rra m .

K ha n-d a u ra n marched a ga inst U d gir .

C MPA AI GN OF KH N A j AHAN
-

(T e xt , vol ,
i . par t
2 p , .
( Ca pt u re of S a ra d hu n ,

D ha ras iy u n, K a n t i s ix has fr om S ho l a p
u r, a nd t he t ow n
o f D eoga n w . Vict or ies ov er t he B ij pu a r is, c o mma n d e d

by R a n d a u la ) W a t er a n d provi sion s w e re n ow d ifficu l t

.

so t he r oya l ar my fe l l ba ck t o D arasiy u n
h ‘6
t o ob t ai n , ,

in t e nd ing t o l eave t he ir b agga ge a t S ar a d hu n a nd p as ,

s in
g b e t wee n U sa a n d N a l d r ug t o ma k e a r a id in t o t he ,

flou rs hin g c ou n t ry ab ou t K u l barga t o pl u nd er a n d l a y ,

w as t e . O n t he l st Zi l hijja t he e n e my mad e his a p —

,

pe ara nce whil e t he I mperi al army was e nca mped abou t

t w o ha s f rom U sa a nd be a n t o t hrow in r ock e ts T he
g .

r o a l f or ces issu e d from t he ir e n t ren chme n ts a n d re p ul s

y
ed t he ir a ssa il a n t s N ext d a y t he y a t t ack ed t he Impe ri al
.

arm
y a s it w a s a bou t t o march bu t w ere d ef e a t ed ,

a n d d r iv e n ba ck Aft e r re t u rn ing from t he b a t t l e fiel d

. -
,

S a iyid Kha n j aha n cons id er in

g t ha t t he cou n t ry w as
-
,

d e vas t a t ed a n d t he ra ins w ere a t ha n d d e t ermined t o

,
,

f a ll ba ck t o B ir a n d a w a it t he I mpe ria l dir ect ions

a s t o w he re t he ra in
y se as on shou ld be p assed O n t he .

1 1 t h Zi l hijja a bou t
-
e i ht
g hos from S ara d hu n t he
,
,

e ne m
y a ga in a ppe ared in t he rear (a n d a ft er a ha rd fi ht
g
fe l l ba ck d efea t e d ) T he royal army the n con t inu ed it s
.

march t o S a ra d hu n a nd a l ong t he ba n k s of t he Wa nj ira

,

t o D ha ru r .

CAM P AIGN OF KH AN ZAM AN

-

( T e xt , v ol .
i
.
par t 2 p , . Af t er r ece ivin his
g ord ers .
Kha n - za ma n ma rched to Ahmad n a ga r a nd a ft er, ,
provi

fift y mil es
56 “
D e ras e o , n or t h- e a s t
f S hola p
o ur .
 61

BADS H AH N AM A -

hi s forces , he we n t J n on t ow a rd s u ir S ix
sio ning
.

S
ha s fr om Ahmad n agar h ll
l h t h V ai n h u
e ea r n t t a
,
t e i
a
had ma d e t erms w i t h M in a
j i B h o ns l a, a n d h a d o b t ai ne
d
m n k M i
fro m h i t he fo r t o f M ah u l i H a v i g t a e n .
n aj i

a l o ng wi t h him t o J u nir S ahu w as a bou t t o proce ed

,

by w o f P ar a n w t o P are n d a Kh a n za m a n m arche d -
a
y g .

af t er him , bu t S a hu passed t he river B hu nra , a n d

r oce ed e d t o Lohgan w, a d e pe n d ency o f P un a in t he
p
B ij a p u r t err it or ies He re Kha n za man ha l t ed
.
beca use -
,

his ord e rs w ere n ot t o fo llow S a hu in t o Ad i l Khan s

’ ’

( Ca p t u re of t he f f Cha ma r gond a by a
o rt o
—

cou n t r y .

d e t a chme n t ) rece iv in rom C h

. On g ord ers
f ou r t e ,

e n t er ed t he B ij a pu r t e rr it orie s a nd pl u nd ered a nd ,

d es t royed e ver y inhabit ed pl a ce he ca me to O n t he .

27 t h S haww a l he rea ched t he pass of D u d bai where be ,

hal t ed , N ex t morn ing he asce nd ed t he pass I n .

e ight d a ys he arr ived a t K ol a p ur a nd invest ed t he ,

fo rt ress a nd t own N ot wi t hst an d ing a bra ve

. d e fe nce ,

he qu ick l y t ook the pl ace (S u ccessfu l sk irmis hes w it h.

S a hu a nd t he B ija u ris ) Kha n za ma n n ext ma rched t o

p .
-

Mir a j o n e of t he pri ncipal t o n s in t he B ij a pu r

, w
d omin io ns a nd pl u nd ere d it From t he nce he mad e
, .

six d a ys mar ch t o R a Lb agh a v ery a n cie n t t own in t ha t

’
,

coun t ry w here he obt a in e d gr e at boot y

, Aft er re mai n .

ing t here t e n d a ys he f e ll back a n d t he e n e my ha d t he

, ,

a u d a cit y t o ha n g u p on hi s re ar a nd ha r as s him w it h
rock e ts E ight d a ys
.
’
march from M ira j t he ar my e n
ca mpe d on t he ban k o f a rive r A par t y se n t ou t t o .

forage an d a force
,
w as ord ere d t o su pport it T he .

e ne my force a nd a sha rp fight e nsu ed ; bu t

at t ac k ed t his .

t he assail a n t s were re pu l sed a nd pu rs u ed for t w o k os .

Whil e t he army w a s re st ing on t he ba n k s o f t he rive r

B hu n ra an I mpe rial farma n arri ved
, d ire ct ing Kha n ,

zaman t o re t u rn t o t he roya l prese n ce t o re ce ive inst r uc ,

t ions for t he r ed u c t ion of t he fort of

J u n ir a n d t he
pu n ishmen t of S a hu
T he rea son f or.
, t his w as t ha t
’
Ad il
K ha n ha d su bmit t ed had a reed
g , to pa y a t r ibu t e
 62

’
Aa nu r -
. mum “ mom

e
q uival en t t o t we n t y la cs in je wel s , el e
pha n ts , e tc , an d

e n ga ged t ha t if Sahu re t u rn ed an d su rre n d e re d

Ju nir
a nd t he ot her fort s in t he N iza m S ha hi t erri t ory t o t he -

imperi a l offic e rs, he w oul d t a k e him in t o his service ; bu t

it S ahu d i d he woul d
n ot do ass is t t he
so ,
p efiai m
fares in re d u cing t he f ort s an d pu nishin g Sa hu .

( p
C a t u re b
y K h a n- k ha na n of t he forts o
f A n k i a nd
T a n/t i, A l ha a nd P ol k a e ight ee n ha s fro m D a u la ta ba d )
, .

( F arm a n c o n ta i ni n
g t he t er m s of p eace w it h
’
Ad i l
K ha n, a n d le t t er of t he la t te r in ac k nowl e d me n t
g .

La t t er of homa ge from K u t bu l M u l k S u mma ry of S ha h -

.

p
J aha n s t w o ex e d it ions t o t he D a khin, t he first in his
’

fa t her s l ifet ime , t he se cond a ft er his own accessi on )

’
.

mi mu m
’

A . or B l J AP U R

i .
p
art 2 ,
p . Whi l e t he E mpe ror w as

st ill t hink ing a bo u t t he red u cti o n of t he forts of t he

D ak hin Ad il Kha n be ing d is t u rbed by t he p rol o n ged
’
, ,

st a y o f t he I mperi a l C ou rt , wro t e a l e t t er t o t he

E mp e ror re resen ti n
p, g t ha t t he affa ir s of t ha t c ou n t r
y
w ere n ow al l se t t le d and t ha t he wou l d be answera bl e
.

f or t he su r ren d er of forts he l d by S ahu an d o t hers

t he .

T here was t here fore n o reaso n f or t he E mper s st a y

o r
’

in g an
y l onge r an d it w ou l d be a gra i l fa vo u r if he
w o ul d pr oceed t o t he ca pit a l , so t ha t t he r ai
y at s a nd

peo pl e might re t u rn peacefu l l y t o t heir

of B ij a pu r
a v oca t io ns T he E mpero r gra ciousl y
. co nse n t ed an d ,

r eso lv e d t o t he rain y season a t M a nd u

go a nd sp e nd .

Ad i l co ns is t ing o f arri ved

’

Kh a n s t ri b u t e
’
, a nd ,

w as a cce p t ed T he E mpe ror c onfirme d

.
,

t o him t he
t errit or y o f B ij a pu r a n d t he fort ress of P aren d a w hi ch ,

had formerl y bel onged t o N izai n u l Mul k bu t w hich t he -

,

c omma n d an t had su rr e n d er ed t o Ad il
'
Kha n for a
bribe . He al so confir mcd to him al l the c ou n t r
y of
K ok an on t he sea shore which ha d be en -
, formeri y hel d
hal f by him a nd ha lf by N iza mu l Mu l k
( C op
y of t he
-
.
 63

BADS HAH N AM A -

P l uN cr-
z au m cz m , G OV E RN O R or T HE ima m:
O n t he 3rd Zi-l hijja t he
p
(T ext , vol .
p i, art 2, .

Em eror a pp o n t ed P rince Aurangz eb to the o v

p i g ern

men t of the D a k hi n T his c o u n t r

y c.o n t ains Si x t y
-
fo ur ,

o h f h h i d h ill t he
f r t s, fif t y t re e
-
o w i"
c a re s t u a t e on s,

re ma in ing el ev en are in t he pl ain I t is d ivid ed int o .

four s u bas l D a ul at aba d w ith Ahmad nagar a nd

. . ,

ot her d ist rict s whi ch t hey ca ll t he su ba of t he D akhin

,
.

T he ca pit al of t his provin ce w hich be lo nged t o N izamu l ,

-

M u lk , w as formerl y Ahma d n agar a n d aft er ward s D au l a t a .

b ad .2 T el ingan a T his is s it u a t ed
. .
in t he s u ba of
t he B al agha t ” 3 Kha n d es T he
. . fortre ss of t his .

ov m ce is Asir a n d t he ca pit a l is B u rha n pur, sit u a t ed

'

f our ha s from As ir 4 B irar T he ca pit al of t his p

. . ro .

v ince is E l ié hpur a nd it s fa mou s for tre ss is cal l ed C awl i

’

, .

I t is bu il t on t he t opof a hill a nd is not ed above a l l ,

t he fort ress in t ha t cou n t r y for str engt h a nd

. securit y .

T he hol e of t he t hird province a nd a part of t he

.

f ou rt h in the P ayin gha t T he ja ma , or t ot al reve nu e

'

’ -
. .

o f t he fou r province s is t wo a r bs of d a ms, e u ival ent t o

q
fi ve crores of rup ees
m
.

( T rea ty wit h K u t bu l M u l k Let te r fro t he la t t er ) - . .

(K ha n d a u ra n besieges U d gir a nd U sa a nd bot h

-
,

forts are event ua l ly surre nd e re d ) .

T E N TH r m o r r m: R E I GN 1046 A H ( 16 36 AD ) , . . .

C onquest of t he F ort of J u n ir a n d S e t t le ment of t he

D a k hin

(T ext , vol i par t 2 p

. . When Khan zama n ret u rn
. .
'

e d from the Emperor t o his army he l e arnt t hat S ahu ,

h ad d l i d ering i he service of Ad il Kha n

’
ec ne e n t nt o t ,

a n d r efu sed t o surre n d er J u n ir and t he other f ort re sses

t o t he I mperial e eer s m
A d il Kha n t herefore se nt his .
’

f orces und er t he command of R and a nl a t o cc -Op

'

, erat e ,

” T he S ha h- a ha n na ma a d d s “ T he ca ta l
I i
”
-
.
p of which
is ca l l ed N a n d er a nd t he for t ress K a nd a har .
M ahu l i . He ret a i ned a p art y of his adherent s, w ho »

had l ong fol l owed him a nd t he rest of his men he

,

d i sband ed , and all owed t hem t o go where t hey woul d .

Then, with his son a nd a port ion of his baggage, he -

w ent i nt o t he fort , resol ved t o st an d a siege

'

Kha n zama n got

-
i nt el l igence of t his when he was
t we l ve has fr om M ahu li a nd n ot w i t hst a ndi ng
, ,
t he

d ifficu l t ies of t he roa d he re ached t he fort in one d a y

,
.

He i mmed iat el y O pe n ed his t renches and I t ad e ap ; .

roa ches A few d a ys a ft er K and a nl a came , u p and

p . ,

jo i ned in t he si ege Whe n t he pl ace wa s hard pres

.

sed , S ahu wr ot e re pea t ed l y t o K ha n za man oEering t o -

,

su rrend er t he fort ress on cond i t i on of being rece i ved

i n t o t he I mperi al servi ce H e w as informed t ha t if he
.

wished t o save his l ife he mu st come t o t erms wi t h

,

Ad i l t he E mperor s com mand

’
’
Khan for su ch w as
, .

H e w as al so ad vised t o be qu i ck in d oi ng so if he wi shed ,

t o esca pe from t he sword s of t he be s i egers So he was .

comp el l e d t o mak e his su bmi ss i on t o Ad i l Khan and

'
’
,

he besou ght t ha t a t r e a t y might be ma d e wi t h him .

Af ter t he arri val of t he t re a t y he ma d e some a bsu rd

,

in ad miss ibl e d ema nd s an d wi t hd r ew from t he a gree

,

men t he had ma d e B u t t he siege wa s p

. ressed on, and
t he fin al a t t ack d re w near when S a hu ca me ou t of t he
'

fort and me t K and anl a hal f way d own t he hil l , a nd

surre nd ered hi msel f wi t h t he you ng N izam H e agreed .

t o e n t er t he se rvice of
’
Ad il Kha n and t o surrend er ,

t he fortr e ss of J u m it a nd t he ot her fort s t o t he Imper ial

ge nera l s . Accord ingl y t he fort s of Junir, Trim bak ,

T ringal war i, H ari s, J u d ha n J u nd and H at sira were

, , ,

d el ivered over t o Kha n za ma n R and au l a

-
. u nd er
t he ord ers of Ad il Khan pl a ced t he you ng N i zam in
‘

t he han d s of Khan z aman , a nd t he n went t o B ij a pur

'
-
..

accomp an i ed by S ahu .

(Kha n d a ura n t a k es p
-
ossession of t he forts of K a uai

f h ar , a n d Ashta , a nd besiegers a nd st orms t he fort of

 16 6

AB DU - L H AM ID u mom

N IZAM U - L M U LK

On t he l st Zi l hijja , 1 046
(T e xt vol i part 2 -
,
. . ,

AH. .
Pr i nce M u ra d B akhsh , Y a mi n u d d au l a Kha n
d au r a n B aha d u r N J a ng a nd o t h ers w e n t fort h
u sra t ,
62

t o me e t P ri n ce Au ra ngzeb who had re t u rned t o Cou rt ,

f rom t he D ak hi n H e brou ght wi th him t he memb er

m
.

of N iza m u l M u i k s f-a il y wh o m t h e d’
isa fiec t e d o '
; 63

t he D a kh i n ha d mad e u se of for t h e i r r ebel l i ous p ur

pose s,a nd t o whom t he y had give n t he t it le of N iza mu l -

M u l k H e wa s pl aced u nd er the ch arge of S ai yid Khan

.

a ha n b e k e p t in th e for t of G wal i or w here t her e

j t o , ,

we re t wo ot her of t he N izams o ne of whom w a s mad e —

pr i so ner a t t he ca pt u re of Ahmad nagar in t he re ign of

'

J ah angir a nd t he ot h er a t the d ownf a ll of D au l at abad

,

in t he presen t re ign O n t he 4t h t he n e ws came

'

, ,

t ha t Kh a n zama n had d i e d a t D aul a t abad from a com

-

pl i ca t ion of d isease s of long st and ing S hayis ta Khan .

w a s a ppo i n t ed t o su cce ed him in his comman d .

T HE B U N DE LAS

(T e x t . i par t 2 p
vol . ,
T he B u nd el as are a
, .

t ur bu l e n t t rou bl e some ra ce N otw i t hst a nd i ng t ha t .

ajh a r h e i r chie f had bee n sl a i n t he rebe l l iou s spiri t s

J t , , ,

o f t he t r ib e had t ak e n no war n i ng bu t had se t u p a ,

c hil d of his na me d P i rt hi R a
j who had b e en carri ed off ,

a liv e from t he fie l d of bat t l e an d t h ey ha d a a i n brok en

g ,

ou t in reb e llion K ha n d a u ra n B ahad ur N u sra t J a ng

'

. -

w as ord ered t o su ppre ss t hi s i nsurrect ion a nd t hen t o

"

proce ed t o his governme n t in M al wa .

ST O RM AT nun s
-

(p. O n t he 23rd R abi ’

u -
l awwa l l e t t ers were
”H ha d bee n honoured wit h t his t it l e
e
for his l a t e
v ict or ies .

T his ind ivid u a l , l ik e

“
all t he ot hers, is sa rcast ica l l 'v
ca l l k e-N iza m
‘ "
f B .
 67

BADS H AH N AM A -

ived from I ha t t a, re port ing t ha t ra i n had fa l l e n

’ '

rece

i ncessa nt l y for t hirt y- six hours in a l l t he . t ow n s an d

“

pl ace s near t he se a shore M any houses a nd bu il d ings

- .

were d est royed and gre at nu mbers of men a nd b ea st s

,
’

of a l l kind s w ere d rowned T he w i nd bl ew so fu ri ou s .

l y t hat hu ge t rees were t orn u p by t he ir roo t s a nd t he ,

w a ves of t he sea ca st nu mbers of fishes on t o t he shore .

N earl y a t hou sa n d ship s l a d e n a nd u n l ad e n w e n t d own

, _ ,

from t he viol ence of t he se a a nd he a vy l osse s fe ll u pon ,

t he shi
powners T he l an d a l so over Which t he wave s
-
. ,

w ere d riven became impregna t ed wit h sal t a nd unfi t

, ,

for cu l t iva t ion .

CO N Q U ES T or T IBET
( Text vol i part 2 p
, . . T he l a t e E t np
. e ror .

j aha ngi r l ong e nt er t a ined t he d esign of con qu eri ng

Tibe t a nd in t he cou rse of his re ign H a shim Kha n son
, ,

of K asi m Kha n M ir ba hr
governor of K ashmi r u nd er
-
, ,

t he ord er s of t he E mperor i nva d ed t he cou n tr y wi th a ,

l arge force of horse a n d foot a nd l o ca l za min d a rs Bu t .

a l t hou h he e n t ere d t he co u n tr y a nd d id his best he

g , ,

met wi t h no su ccess a nd was obliged t o re t rea t wi th ,

grea t l oss a nd wi t h mu ch d ifficu l t y T he I mperial .

ord er w a s n ow give n t ha t Z a fa r K ha n gover n or of ,

K ashmi r, sho u l d asse mbl e t he forces u nd e r his co mma n d ,

a nd e ffect q u est of t ha t cou n tr y Accord i ngly he

t he con .

coll ec t ed n e a rl y e i h t t hou sa nd hors e a nd foot compose d

g ,

of I mpe ri al forces me n of his ow n a nd ret a i ners of t he

, .
,

marz ba ns of his provi nce H e ma rched by t he d ifficu l t ,

r ou t e of K ar cha b ar h a nd in t he course of one mo n t h

-
,

he re a ch e d t he d i st r ict of Shk ard u t he first pl ace of imp ort ,

an ce in T ibe t a nd on t hi s si d e of t he N i l a b
,
(I nd us) .

Al i R a i fat her of Abd a l t he pre sen t M a rz ba n of Tibe t

'

, , ,

ha d b u il t u po n t he su mmi t s of t wo high mou n ta i n s t wo

s t ron
g fort s t he higher of which wa s cal l ed K aha t
—

phu cha , a nd t he o t her K a hcha n a . Each of t he m ha d a

road of a cce ss
“
l ik e t he neck of a reed , and t he cu r e v
 68

AB DU - L H M A ID L AB O R !

oi a l
ta on . T he r oad of co mmu n ica t ion b e t wee n t he

t he mou n t a i n A bd a l sh u t hi m
t w o was on t he to
p of .

sc lt u
p In t he t o rt or K ah ar ph u cha . He pl ace d his
mi n i s t e r a nd g e n e ra l ma n ager in t he f or t of K ah ch a na ,
an d he se n t hi s f a mil y a nd pro per t y {0 t he for t of S h a k ar ,

wh i ch s t a nd s u po n a h igh mou n t a in on t he ot her sid e

of t he N il a b .

La fat K xa mi ni ng t he he igh t a nd
ha n ,
f
a t er e

s t re ng t h o f t h e f or t r e sse s was of opi nio n t h a t it , was

i n e xp ed i e n t t o i n v e st a n d a t t a ck t h e m; bu t he sa w t h a t

t h e mil i t a r y a n d t he p e a sa n t ry o f T ib e t w ere mu ch d is

t re sse d b t he h a rsh r u l e of A b d al a nd he r e solve d to

y ,

w in t he m over by k i n d n ess T h e n he se n t a d e t ach .

me n t t o su b d u e t h e f or t of S h a k ar a nd t o ma k e pr iso ner s ,

o f t h e f a mil y of A bd a l T he who l e t ime wh i ch t he

.

a rmy c o u l d k ee p t he h e l d in t hi s cou n tr y w a s t wo
mon t hs; for if it r e ma i n ed l o nger it wou ld be sn owed ,

as for t his r e a so n t ha t he se n t M i x F ak hru d

u
p . I t w -

d in , wi t h fou r t h ou san d me n aga i nst t he for t of ,

S h ak ar whi l e he
, h imsel f w a t che d t he for t in which
A bd a l w as H e n e x t sen t
. H a sa n n ep he w of Abd a l , ,

wi t h some ot her men of T i be t who had e n t ered i n t o ,

t he I mperi al ser vi ce a n d some za min d a rs , of K a shmir ,

who had fri e n dl y re l a t i on s wi t h t he pe o pl e of t he co u n t ry .

t o e n d e a vou r by pe rsu a si on a nd promi se s t o ga i n ove r

t he p eo pl e M ir F a k h r p assed ov er t he rive r N il ab
.
,

a nd l a id siege t o the fort D au l a t son of Abd al of .

, ,

a b ou t fif t e e n y ea rs of age w a s in cha rge of t he for t , .

H e sa lli ed ou t t o a t t a ck t he b esi egers bu t w as d rive n ,

b ack wi t h l oss T he b es iegers t h e n a d van ce d

. a nd ,

ope ned t h e i r t re nches a a i n st

'

g t he
g a t e on the S hk ard u

s id e . T h e son o f Ab d a l w a s so fr i ght e ne d by t h e se
proce ed i ngs t h a t rega rd l e ss of his fa t her s fa mil y (in
, ,
’

t he fort ) he p a ck ed u p t he gol d silv er a nd wha t wa s

, , ,

port abl e a nd esca pe d in t he n ight by t he K ashghar

,

ga t e M ir P a k ht u d d in be ing a ppr ised of his flight ,

-
. ,

e n t ere d t he fort H e cou l d no t rest rai n his

. fol l owers
 69

t om
{ p l u nd er i ng; bu t he t o ok charge of Abd a l a famil y
’

A t ome was se nt in pursu it of t he son which coul d not

.

'

o ve rt ak e him, bu t re t ur ned w it h some

gol d and sil ver he
h ad t hro wn away on t he road .

O n hear i ng of t hi s v ic t or y Z afar Kha n pr essed o n ,

t he s i e e of Kaharp hu cha and K ahchana T he

g .

gove rn or and garri son of t he l a t ter surr end er ed .

A b d al in d espair at t he progress mad e by t he invad e s,

,
r
a nd at t he l oss of his wiv e s a nd chil th en ,
'
Opened
i i
n ego t a t on s an d surre n d er ed t he fort of Kaharphu cha .

Khan wa s a ppre h ensive t ha t t he snow woul d

Za far
f al l a nd cl ose t he pa sses, a n d t ha t , a t t he i nst iga t ion of
Abd al he m ght be a t ta ck ed fr om t he sid e of Kashmir
i

, .

S o wi t hou t ma ki ng a n y se t t l emen t of t he cou n t ry a nd

, ,

wi thou t searching af t er Abd al s pro pert y he se t ou t on ’

his re t u rn t ak ing wi t h him Ab d al , his f amil y, and so me

,

o f t he l e ad i ng men o f t he e n emy H e l eft M u hammad .

M u ra d Abd al ’ s va k il, in charge of t he cou nt ry

, .

E L E VE N T H Y E AR or a m: RE IG N , 1047 A H . .
( 1 6 37 AD .
)
Ca t u rep o f K a nd a ha r a nd ot he r for ts “

(Te x t , vol . ii p . . T he st ro ng fort ress of K a ndah a r

w as d t o t he Impe ri al d o in ions in t he fort ie t hm
‘

a n n exe

year of t he Emperor Ak b ar S h ah S afi of Persia wa s

.
,

d esirou s veri ng it I n t he fift ee nt h year of t he

of re co .

r e i n o f J ahan ir Pri nce S hah J ah a n w as se n t t o ar ran e

g g ,
g
t he aff a irs of t he D ak hi n and t he Shah of P er s i a ,

se iz e d t he opport u n i t y t o ma k e a n a t t e mp t t o re co ver
t he pl a ce H e i nves t ed it a n d a ft er a siege of fort y hy e
. -

d a ys re d u ced t he fort re ss in t he seve n t ee nt h year of

J a ha ngir Af t er a t i me
, Al i Ma r d an Khan was ,
’

a ppo i n t e d
governor of K a n d a h ar an d S hah J aha n , ,

be in g d es irou s of recoveri n pl ace direct ed his

'

g t he ,

go ve rn or of K abu l t o se n d a n a bl e emissar y t o Al i
’

M a rd a n Kha n who was t o l earn w hat ‘ he cou l d

.
abou t

“
T he f t his sie
ge is t ol d in grea t d e t a il
“

a ccou nt o .
 7O
'

'

Aa -
L H AM ID LAHORI

t he f or t ressit s ga rr iso n, a nd t o mak e o ver t ures t o

a nd

Al i M ar d a n Kha n T he e nv oy; w as rece ived ver y

“ '

r a ci ou sly, a nd f ri e nd ly rel a t i ons we re e st a blished

g
b e t we e n Al i M ard a n K ha n a nd t he gov er n or of K a bu1
’
,
_

so t h a t t he K h a n a t l e ngt h wr o t e e xpressi n
g hi s ,

d ir
es e t o s ur r e nd er t he j h an O n t hepl a ce to S h ah a .

p
ap r A l M ard an I mp er i a l
K h
’

o a c h o f t he f orce s i an ,

t h e m i n t o t he f or t r ess
co nd u c t e d
[
a nd
ga ve i t u p t o ,

the m . T he gove r n or of K a b u l w as d ire ct e d t o

procee d t o K a nd a h ar a n d t o prese n t a la c of r u pees t o ,

A l i M a rd a n K ha n H e w as t h en t o ta k e the K h a n t o
’
.

K a bu l a n d t o se n d, him u n d er e scor t t o t he I mpe ri a l

Court wi t h al l his f a mily a n d d e pe n d e n ts
.
T he .

E mpe ror se n t A l i M a rd a n Kha n a k hil a t (a nd ma ny

’ ’

o t he r fin e p E g ge me n t be t wee n S a id
’
r ese nt s . n a K ha n,
f K a bu l , a n d t he P ers ia ns, a nd d efeat
gove r n or o
f t he!
o
la t te r . Ca t u re by
ge p s ie o f t he for t s of B us t , Za min d
) Al l un t r y wi t h
’

a w a r, a n d G zr is hk . t he co of K a nd ahar
i t s for t resse s ( en u me ra t e d in d e ta il ) we r e r e - a nn e xe d to
t he I mpe r i a l d omi n i on s .

K U C H HAJ U R E BELLI ON IN -

( T e x t vo l ii p O n t he n ort h oi t he cou n t ry of
'

, . . .

B e nga l t h e re ar e t w o cou n t ri e s : K u ch H a j u a cu l t iv a t -
, .

e d cou n t r w hi ch li e s o n t he b a nk s of t he B ra hma pu t r a
y . .

a l arge r iv e r t wo ha s in wid t h whi ch flows from t he

.
,

c o u n t ry o f Ash a m (Assam) i n t o B e nga l From t he nce .

t o J a h a n gi r n agar ( D acca ) is on e mon t h s j ou r n e y

'

T he
’
-
.

o t h er cou n t ry is K u ch B ih a r which is f ar a wa y from -

,

t he rive r is t we n t y d a ys j ou rne y from J aha ngir

’
.
and ,

n a gar T hese t w o c ou n t r i e s b el onged t o l ocal

. r u l e rs

( marz ba n ) a nd a t t he b egi nn i ng of t he re ign of t he

,

E mp e ror J ahan gi r t he c ou n t r
y of K u c h H a j u wa s ,
-

u nd e r t he ru l e of P a richhit -
and K u ch B ihar u nd er ,
-

L a chh mi N a r a i n brot h er of t he gra nd fa t her of Parich ,

h it .I n t he e igh t h ye ar of t he re ign S ha h J ahan ga ve ,

t he go ve rn me n t of B e n ga l t o S hai k h Al a u d d in F a t h ’
-
 7l

BADS HAH N AM A -

p uri , who had I sl a m Khan

rece ved i R agh u il
t he t t e of .

n a t h, Zami nd ar of Su sa ng, ca me t o him, compl ai n i ng

t ha t P arichhit ha d t yr nn ical l y and vi ol en tl y pl aced his

a
w iv e s a n d chil d r en in pr i son H is al l ega t ions a ppe a re d .
.

t o be t ru e At t he sa me t ime Lachhmi N arai n re pe a t d

. ,
e
-

I mpe ri al me n t
k

ly presen t ed his d evot ion

re t o t he govern ,

a n d i nci t e d I sl a m K ha n t o K u ch eff e ct q
t he con u e st of

H aj u H e accord ingl y se nt o p i h l a richhit

’
. a force t u n s ,

an d t o su bj u a t e t he cou n t ry (L o n g d e t a il s of t he
g .

a rmy
p
o e ra t ions
) W he n t
. he vict or i ou s re a ch e d t he

ri ver K a j l i some me n were se n t ove r first i n boa t s w ho

:
,
,

in a short t ime d ef ea t ed a n d p u t t o fli ht t he
g gu a rd of
t he pl a ce T he wh ol e force t h en cr ossed an d d est royed
.

so me ol d for t s A st rong for t w as t he n con st ru ct e d on

.

e ac h sid e of t he K ajli a nd garri so ns were pl aced ,

in t h em t o check a nd k ee p d ow n t he t u rb u l en t l an d
hol d ers T he army t h en proceed ed t o Koh ha t ah
.
-
.

t o w ar d s U t ar k ol b e t ween Sri gh a t a nd t he Ka j l i t here

,
-
,

t o pa ss t he r a i ns .

CON Q UE S T OF B AG LAN A
(T ex t vol ii p
, , T he t err i t ory of B agl a n a con t a i n s
. .

n i n e fort s t hir t y fou r p

, a r a nas
g a nd- o ne t h ou sa n d a nd ,

o n e vi l l a e s
g I t ha s bee n a se pa ra t e j u ri sd i c t i o n ( ma rz
.

ba n i) for on e t h o u sand fou r h u nd red years a nd it s p

‘

re ,

se n t r u l er is n a med B har i
j I t is famou s for it s t emper .

a t e cl i ma t e it s n u merou s st rea ms a n d t he a b u n d a n ce of
,

of i t s t re e s a nd f ru i t s I n l e ngt h it is a hu n d red has a nd

.
,

in br e a d t h e igh t y O n t he e ast is Cha nd or a d e pe n

.
,

d e ney of D a u l a t ab ad ; on t he w est t he por t of S u ra t a nd

t he sea ; on t he n or t h S u l t a n pu r a nd N a md u rbar ; a nd
o n t he sou t h N a sik a n d T r imbak T he str ongest of it s
for t s a re S al hir a nd M u l hir S al hir is pl aced u po n a .
“

hil l M u l hir al so st a n d s u pon a hil l Whe n Pri nce .

'

55 “
M oo l eer
”
l ies a bou t ha l f way , a l it t l e wes t , f
o a
l ine d ra w n from Cha n d or
‘

t o N a n d u rba r .
 73

BADS HAH N AM A -

Al i M ard an Khan se nt him u nd e r t he

’
a force against
c omma nd of Hu sain Be O n the mee t ing of t he t wo
g . . .

forces S a ng i s men were pu t to fl ight H e t hen su ed

’
, .

'
rn rnr mmm YE AR or n us RE IGN , 1049 AH . .
( 1 6 39
2 l st J umad a s sani t he
'

On t he -
,

Emperor arrived at Lahore .

’
Al i M ard an Kh an ca me
d own from Kashmir . . H is ma nsa b was incre as ed to
perso nal and horse , a nd t he go er n v men t
of t he was give n
P anj ab ad dit ion t o t ha t of t o him in
Kashmi r O n t he 6 t h R a j a b I sl a m Khan came accot
. ,

d in g t o summons f rom B engal a nd w a s a ppoi n t ed t o t he ,

office of F inanci al M in ist er (d iwa ni k u l l ) -

.

’
ALI M AR DAN
’
S mu ons CAN AL
Al i M a rtian Kha n re pre se n t d
’

e
t o H is M a j est y tha t one of hi s fol l owers was a n a d e p t i n
t he f orming of ca nal s, an d w ou ld u nd ert ak e t o c ons t ru c t
a ca na l from t he pl ace whe re t he r iver R avi d e scen d s
f rom t he hil l s i n to the pl ains and t o cond u ct t he wa t ers ,

t o Lahore , benefit in
g t he cul t iv at i on of t he cou n tr y
t hr ou gh which it shou l d p as s T he Emp eror ga ve t o .

t he Kha n o ne l ac of ru pe e s a su m at whi ch expe rt s es t i ,

ma t ed t he expense and t he K ha n t hen en t rust ed it s form

,

a ti on t o one of his t rust e d se rvan t s .

(Ad va nce o f my from S is t a n aga ins t K a nd a ha r

an ar .

a nd a ba n d on me n t of t he fort of K ha ns k i
— O ccu p
a t ion ,

n ea r B us t .
)
( Grea t fire t he res id e nce o P rince S huja ’
at f in Agra
R oy a l
-
vis it t o K as hmir .
)
In t he mon t h of M u harr a m in tel l ige nce came in t ha t
Pirthi R a j, son of J aj har B u nd e l a had been t ak e n pri ,

sorter . O rd ers
. were given for his confineme nt i n t he
f or t of G wal ior .
 74

’
Aanu -r . mu m) u noru

ro ome aN m '

r m or r m: c , 1050 , A H .
( 1640 w )
. .

h i m of t he K ol is a nd K at his in Gujara t — Pay

’

( C as t se e n t
me n t of t ribu t e by t he J a m of Ka t hiwazr )
R e be l l ion of Ja a t S ingh, son of R a j a B asu o f
( g
K a ngra ) .

F I FT EEN TH YEAR or THE RE IGN , 105 1, AH . .

( 164 1 an .
)
f A sa f K h
D ea t h
a n K h a n k ha na n
o -

x ii p 7 th S h a b a n Yami n u-d
’

( T e t v ol , .O n t he
. 1 .

d au la Asaf K h an Khan kha nan comman d er ih chi ef - - -

,
,

d e part ed thi s l i fe a nd on rece ivi ng t he int el l ige nce .

H is M aj est y wa s mu ch affect ed , a nd ga v e ord ers t ha t he

shou ld be bu r ie d on t he wes t sid e of t he t omb of t he l a t e
Emperor j ahangir a nd t hat a lofty d ome s houl d be r ais
'

e d over his gr a ve He had ri sen t o a ra nk and dign i t y

.

w hich no servan t of t he S t a t e had e ver b efore a t t a i ne d .

B y t he munifice n t favour of t he Emperor, his ma ns a b

w as ni ne t hou sa nd persona l a nd n i ne t hou sand horse ,

ti ot a nd s ih as a h, t he p a
y of which amoun t ed to
p
-

six t ee n k ra rs a n d t went y l a cs of d a m s When t hese ha d .

a l l re ce ived t he i r
pay, a su m of fift y l a cs of ru pee s was
l ef t for hi msel f Besi d es t he mans i o n whi ch he had
.

b u il t in Lahore and on which he expe nd ed t wen t y la cs

,

of ru pees, he l eft mone

y a n d val u abl es t o t he amou n t of
t w o k rors and fif t y l acs of ru pe es There were 30 la cs of .

ru pe e s in j ewe l s t hree l acs of a s hrafis e q u al t o 42 l a cs of

,

ru pe e s, one k ror an d 25 l a cs in ru p e es, 30 l a cs in

gol d a n d
s ilver u t e n si l s a nd 23 l a cs in mi scell an eou s art i cl es
, .

(Ca m a ign in I aga t S irigh s t errit ory Ca t ure of M n,

p p
’
.

p
N u r ur, a nd ot he r fort s S u rren d er of T a ragarh, a nd su b .

mission of
S IX TEEN TH YEAR or T HE RE I GN , 1052 A H . .

S E VE N I E E N T H
’ '
Y E AR or m r R E IG N
.
, 1053 AH . .
( 1643 )a n .

(R ed uct ion o f P a l a mu n, a nd su b mission o f its Raj )

a .

(T ext vol ii p At t he begi nn i ng of R abi u ’

’
‘

s s - n
, . . .
 75

BADS HAH N AM A -

sa n i , it was mad e k nown t o t he Emperor tha t Pri nce

Au rangz eb, u nd e r t he i nfl u ence of il l ad vised short -
,

s i ht ed
g com an i ons
p had d et erm i n ed t o w i t.hd ra w from

word l y occu pa t i on s, and t o pa ss his d a ys in re t iremen t .

H is M aj est y di sa pproved of t hi s, and t ook from t he Pr in ce

hi s ma ns a b a nd his ja gir, a nd d ismi ssed him from t he
office of Gove rnor G e ne r al of t he D akh i n -
Kh a n-d aur an .

B ah ad u r N u sra t J a ng was a ppo i n t ed t o su cce d him .

E I G H I E E N TH Y EAR or T HE 1 05 4 A H ( 1644
’ ‘
R E rc N , . .

A l i M u rd a n K ha n A miru l U ma ra se n t t o chas t ise

(
’ '

T ar d i A l i K a t gha n of B a l k h — S u ccessfu l r esu l t )

’
. .

(p O n t he 29 t h Zi l hijja , P ri n ce A u ra ngz e b
.
-

w as appo in t e d Govern or of Gu j ar a t .

N rN E r E E N m YE AR or T HE RE tcN , 1055 AH . . Ab .
)
( Affa irs of N a za r M u ha mma d K ha n o f Ba lk L — O pra t ions
e

in K a bu l )
"

(p 41 1 O n t he 29 t h S ha wwal , 1 055
d i ed N u r J ahan
m
.
,

B egam , wid ow of t he l a t e E peror

j ahangi r Af t er .

her marr i age wi t h t he E mp e ror , she ob t ai n ed su ch a n

ascend ency o ver him an d e x ercised su ch a bsol u t e con

,

t rol over c ivil a nd re v en u e ma t t ers t ha t it wou l d be7 ,

u nsee ml y t o d il a t e u p on it h ere Af t er t he a cce ssion of .

t he Emperor S hah J a han , he se t t l ed a n a nn u a l all ow .

a nc e o f t wo l f pees u pon he 66
acs o ru r .

CAM P A I G N AGAIN S T BALK H BADAKH S HAN AN D

( Text , vol ii p
. . E ver si n ce t he begin n i ng of his
.

ign t he Empe r or s h e ar t ha d bee n se t u pon t he con

’
re ,

qu est of B a l k h a n d B a d ak hsha n which were hered i t ary ,

r

“6
K ha fi Kha n sa ys t ha t ft e r j a ha ngir s d ea t h
’
. a s he

wore on l y whil e c l ot hes , she n e ver we n t pa rt ie s of

to
a mu se me n t o f her ow n c
a c ord , bu t l ive d m p
riva t e a nd
i
n s or row S he w as bu rie d a t La hore in t omb she lia d
‘

. a
bu il t for hersel f by t he s id e of Ja ha ngir .
 76
‘

'
Ari nU i
- . 11 m m LArroru

t e rr t o
i r ies of his hou se a nd were t he k e ys t o t he acqu i si
,

t i on of S amar k a nd t he h ome a nd ca pi t al of his gre a t

'

a nce s t or Ti mur S ah i b- K i ra n H e w as more especi all y .

i nt e n t on t his becau se N azar M u ha mma d Kha n had had

t he re sumpt i on t o a t t ack K abu l
p from whence he had ,

bee n d r iven back in d isgra ce T he prosecu t i on of t he .

E mper or s cher ished en t er prise had bee n hi t hert o p

’
re

v e nt e d b v ar ious obst acl e s ; bu t n ow t he fou n d a t i on s

y
o f t he a u t hori t y of N az ir M u ha mma d were shak en a nd ,

his a u t hori t y in B a l kh was p recari ou s S o t he E 11 1 .

r d e t e rmi ned d hi s so n M u ra d B ak hsh w i t h

p
'

e ro t o se n
fift y t hou sa nd horse ,
‘
a nd t en t h ou sand mu sk e t eer s ,

rock e t - me n g un n ers t o eff ec t t he conqu est of t ha t

a nd ,

cou n t ry .O n t he l ast d ay of Zi l hijja 1055 H t he -

, . ,

E mperor ga ve his farewd l t o Pri n ce M ur a d B ak hsh t o ,

Amiru l U ma ra ( Al i M ard an Khan) ” and t he ot her

-
’
,

( P lan of ca mp
'
o fficers se nt o n t hi s se rvi ce a ign P ro. . .

ress of t he E m e ror t o K a bu lf De ails o

g p t f t he ca mp
aign —
.

p
_ Ca t u re o
f t he fort of K a hmar d_a nd t he st ronghol d of
Ghori Conqu est of K u nd az a nd B a l k h, a nd fl ight of
'

N a za r M u ha mma d — R e ve n ues of N aza r M u ha mma d ) .

T WEN TIETH YE AR or T HE RE mN , 1056 Ai r ( 1646 A30 )

. .

( P rince M B ak hs h d esire s t o re t ire

u ra d from Ha l /ch .

p
D is l eas u re of t he E m e ror ex resse d in a p d es a t ch p p .

T he P ri nce p
ers is t s) M an y of t he a mirs and ma nsa b
.

d a rs who were wit h t he pr ince c on cu rred in t his u nrea

son abl e d esi re N a t ural l ove of ho me, a preference for
.

t he peopl e and t he mann ers of B al kh a nd the rigou rs ,

o f t he cl i ma t e al l cond u ced t o t hi s d e sire

, Thi s resol u .

t i on be came d ist ress among t he ra iy a ts of

'

a ca u se of ,

d es pond ency a m o ng the s ol d ier y a n d of hesi t at i on among ,

t he me n who w er e comi ng i n t o B al k h from al l qu ar t ers .

T he sold i ers see i ng th i s va cil l a t io n began t o pl u nd er

‘

, ,

a nd o ppre ss t he peopl e ; S o whe n t he Pri nce s d esire wa s ’

,

Who wa s f
o co u rse t he r ea l co mma nd er .
 77

N DS HAH N -
AM A

y expre ssed t he Em p eror s anger was i ncre a sed

’
re
p ea t ed l ,
.

H e d e prived t he p ri nce of his m a nsa b an d t ook from ,

him his t uyu l of M u l t an U nd er t he se c ircu mst a n ce s t o ,

B a lk h t he Emma
.

set t l e t he conf usi on in fou nd i t ,

n ecessary t o se nd t here a tr u st wort hy and a bl e ma n age r ;

so be se l ec t ed S a d u ll a Kh an his Pr ime M i nist er (F ight

’
- .
,

ing in S e t t l e men t of B a l k h ) S a d u l l a
B a d a k hs ha n —
.

Kha n re t u rned on t he 5 th S ha ban , 10 5 6 H ha vi ng se t

’

t l ed t he aff a irs of B al k h a nd re st ored order a nd t ra n .

qu ill it y among t he sol di ers and peopl e a nd rescu ed t he ,

c oun t ry fr om wr e t ched ness H e had most effe ct u all y .

car r i ed ou t t he ord e r s of t he E mperor a n d wa s re w ar d ,

k hil a t , a nd a t hou sa n d i ncrease t o his ma n

wi t h ’
ed a

sa b
(P ri nce M u ra d B a k hsh res t ored t o his ma nsa b of
.

l 2 000 M u ch fight ing nea r B a l k h a n d S ha bu rgha n )

, .
—
.

AU R AN G ZF J ! S EN T TO BALKH
( Text , O n t he 24t h Zi l h ijja 1056 t he
vol ii p
. . .
-
, ,

E mperor b es t owed
t he cou n t r i e s of B al k h a n d B a d ak h
sha n o n Au ra ngze b a n d i ncre ased his ma nsa b t o 1 5 000 , ,

pe rs onal a nd t en t hou sand horse e ight thou sand be ing ,

p p
4

d o-as a hs or siha s a hs H e w as d irect ed to proce ed

to Pesha war ival of spring t o march t o
, and on t he arr
B al k h in comp an y w i t h Ami ru l U mara Al i M ard a n -
’
,

Kha n a nd a bod y of R a jpu t s who had l ef t B a l kh an d

, ,

B a d akhsha n in d i sgus t a nd had come t o P eshaw ar whe re , ,

t he y wer e st o pped by
an Imperial ord er direct ing t he
-

officers a t At ak n ot t o a ll o w t hem t o cross t he I nd u s .

T HE EM PE RO R PR OCE EDS m KABU L

(T ext , vol .
port s of the comma nd e rs
11 . p . B y t he re

in B al k h an d B ad ak hsha n t he E mperor was i nf ormed

"

t ha t Abd u l Az i z Khan govern or of Tu ra n

’
in t e nd
'
-
.
,

e d t o i n vad e B al k h a t t he be i nn i n
g g of spr ing O n t he .
.

1 5 th M u harra m Pr in ce Aura ngz eb w a s sen t on t o B al lih

'

w i t h a bod y of Imperia l sold iers a nd t he Emperor him ,

 AB D U - A
L H M ID LA HO RI

to l eave Lah ore an d go to K abu l t he

i
t h rd t ime .

of fight ing in Balkh a nd B a d a k hsha n,

e nd in
g a bru
pt ly w it h a sta t e me nt of t he errors mad e on
t he I m eria l s id e
p .
)
 S HAHJ AH AN N AM A -

OF

I N AYYAT K HA N
’
’

u ha mmad Tahir who rece ived t he t i t l e of ’

M l naya t
( ,

was poet i ca l l y n a med Ashn a wa s son of Zafar

’
Khan , a nd ,

K ha n \bin K hw a j a Abu l H a san -

.

Z afar fat her, wa s wa z ir of j a ha n

’
Kh a n , t he au t hor s
n t he re i gn of Sh ah j ahan , he w as at on e t ime rul e r
' ‘

g ir . I
of K ab u l , a nd af t erwa rd s of K ashmi r d u r i ng which l a t t e r
“
‘

o ve rnme nt he e ff ect e d t he co nqu e st of Tib e t record e d

g
in t he fore o ing p age s At a l a t e r pe r iod he was
g .

ppoin t ed min ist ra t ion of T h a t t a H e w as l

' “
a t o t he a d . ce e

brat ed as a poe t , a s a p a t ron o f l e t t ers and , as a j u st a nd

mod era t e ru l er .
"

’
In ay a t Kha n
’
s ma t ernal gra n d fa t her S a if Kha n wa s
, ,

v
go er n or of Agra a nd when Pr i nce S h u j a w as a ppo i n t
,
’

e d r u l e r oi B en al , S a i f K ha n wa s se n t t hi t h er t o cond u c t
g
t he ad m i n i st ra t i on u nt il t he a rrival of t he pr ince .

T he au t hor it a ppea rs, was born in t he y ear t ha t

,

S hah J aha n ca me t o t he t hron e I n t he seve nth year of

'

,
.

his age he rece ived as he i nforms u s, a sui abl e ma n

t
“ -

sa b
”
. H e w as se n t t o j oi n his fa t her in Ka shmi r whil e
he w a s governor t here H e was aft erward s igd a rogha i
f
- -
.

d a gh, a n d su bsequ en t l y empl oyed in a merci fconge nia l

o ffice in t he Impe ri al Li brary He i nher i t ed his fat her s
“ “ ’
.

t a l e n t s a nd good q u al i t ie s a nd is sa id e ve n t o have su r ,

pa ssed him in abili t y H e w a s wi t t y a nd of a greeabl e

“

ma n ers a nd w as one of t he i n t imat e frie nd s of S hah

n , .

J aha n La t t erly he re t ired from office and set t l ed in

.
,

K ashmir, where he d ied in A H 1077 AD

( In . . .

ad d it i on t o t he hi st ory of S h ah J a ba ri’ s re i n he w a s a
g , “
t hor of a D iwa n a nd t hre e Ill asna wis ” l .

l
M arl ey s Cat a l ogue
’
.
 su m JAHAN -
N AM A

gave the t it l e of I k ba l -na ma i Ja ha ngiri G haira t Kha n

-
.

N ak shaba nd i al so brought t oge t her t he chief e ven ts of .

t ha t re ign in a book which he cal l ed M a —as ir i Ja ha n iri

g
-
.

( W i t h t hese examp l es be for e him) it seemed t o t he wr i t er

,

of t hese p ages t ha t as he and his ancest ors had bee n

,

d evot ed servan ts of t he Im er i al d yn ast y p it wou l d be ,

well for him t o writ e t he hist ory of t he re ig n of S hah

Jahan in a simpl e and cl ear st yl e, and t o re prod u ce t he
con t e n t s of t he t hree vol u mes of S hai k h
’
Abd u l H ami d ~ -

in pl a i n l angu age and in a co n d e nse d f orm S u ch a

'

work (he t hou ght ) wou l d not be su perfl u ou s bu t rat her '

m
, .

a
ga i n
. So he set a b ou t his work . and t he Al ight y
ga ve hi ; 1 l e isu re so t ha t in a shor t t ime he w omp l e t ed it
m
, .

T he hi st or y fro t he fou rt h t o t he t e n th year is based

on t he P a d sha h na ma of Mu hammad Amin K azwim
-
,

commonl y k n own as Amin ai M u ns hi wh ch is wr i t t e n in

i

a more si mpl e st yl e An d a s onl y a sel ect ion has b een

.

ma d e of t he eve nt s record ed t his work is st yl ed ,

”
M u l a k hk has .

T he t i t l e M u l a k hk as h “
Abr id gme n t which t he ,

a u t h or
ga ve t o his work w as t oo ind efin i t e t o l ast and
, ,

it is commonl y k n own as S ha h I a ha n na ma -
.

M S S of t his work se em t o be common

. S ir H M . . .

E llio t has t hree b orrowe d co ies There are t hree p .

in t he B rit ish M u seu m a n d on e in t he L ibrary o f t he

,

As ia t ic S ocie t y A copy bel onging t o t he R aj a of

.

B e n ar es is a h an d some qu a rt o of 12 i n ches _ x a nd
con t ai n s 3 6 0l e a ve s of 19 l i n e s t o t he
page T he whol e of
"
.

t hi s work from t he beginn i ng of t he t hird ye ar of t he

,

re i n t o t he acce ssi on of Au ra n ze b wi t h which it cl oses

g g , ,

w a s t ra n sl a t ed by t he l a t e M aj or F ul l er It fil l s 5 6 1 .

fol io pa ge s of cl ose wr it i ng a n d is in S ir H M El l iot ’ s

, . .

L ibra ry . T he fol l owi ng E x t ract s are t ak e n fro m t ha t

t ran sl a t ion ) .

m m r
—
ms r YE AR or r m: m a rs 1 0
57 A H ( 1647 , . .

In t he news from Bal kh which re ached t he e ar , of

 82 ?

’
l N AYAI
' ‘

KHAN

y
r o al t y abou t t hi s t ime t hrou gh , t he re prese nt a t ions of

t he victoriou s Pri nce M uhammad Aura ngzeb B aha d ur ,

was the foll owing z— N a zar M u hammad K h an who, af t e r

,

a b a n d on in t h e si e e of for t M a ima n ah ha d st ood fast

g g ,

con ti nu ed w a t chi ng, b ot h d a y a n d n ight

’
.
a t N il c h ira
gh , ,

t he effor t s of Abd u l l Ai iz Kha n a nd his ot her son s

’ ’
-
. ,

ivho were gone t o oppose t he royal army wi t h a ll t he

U z i k forces of M a wara n n N a hr, B a l kh and B ad akhsha n
’
-
,

a nxi o u s t o see wh a t wou l d be t he resu l t As soon as he .

he ar d t hat t h ey a l so ha d l ik e hi msel f become wa n d ere rs

. ,

in t he d esert of fail u r owin g t o t e su peri or p rowess

h
a nd vi our of t he royal ist s, fin d i n
g g his ho pe s ever ywhere
sha . re d
- he d espa t ched r n
, apol o iz i n
g g l e t t er t o t he
~

ill u str iou s P rince expre ss ive of his con t ri t ion for past
,

misd ee d s a nd ard ent l ongi ng for an i nt ervie w w i t h His

,

R oyal Highness st a t i ng t ha t he w as d esirou s of re t riev

,

i ng his fal len fort u nes t hrou gh t he i n t ercessi on s of t hat

,

o r na me n t of t he t hron e of royal t y T he il l u stri ou s .

Pri nce h avi ng k e pt t he e nvoy in at t end an ce t ill t he

re ce ipt of an a n sw er w ai t ed in expect at ion of t he far
,

ma n s arri val , a nd t he K h an s l e t t er, which H is R oyal

’ ’ “

Highness ha d forwar d ed t o Court in t he origi na l wit h ,

some re mark s of his own was d ul y su bmi t t ed t o

, t he
a u spi ci ou s pe ru sal As it ha pened , from t he c ommence
.
p
me nt of his i nvas ion of B al kh t hi s ver y d esign ha d bee n ,

b ur i ed in the d e pt hs of his comprehens ive mind , viz t hat .

a f t e r cl e ari n
g t he k ingd oms of B al kh an d B ad a k hshan
fr o m t he t h orny brief s of t urbu l ence an d anarchy , he
s o u l d re st ore t he m in sa fe t y t o N azar M uhamma d Kha n
'

T he l a t t er howe ver scom ing t he di ct at e s of pru

.
, d en ce ,

h st
a e n e d t o I ra ; bu t find i ng h s affa irs di d n o t pro re ss
n
i
g
t h ere t o his sa t i sfact i on he t u r ed ba ck a nd a t t he su g
‘

, ,

ge st ion of the K al mak s a nd o rer associ a t es ca me and ,

b e sie ged t he for t of M a ima nah in ord er t hat he might .

seek shel t er w i t hin it s wal l s a nd so se t hi s mind a t res t .

( Also writ te n P u l ehiragh B il chiragh )

2
or .
 93

j AHAN -N AM A

I n t he end h owev er af te r i nfini t e t oil and l abour, seeing

, ,

t he c a p t u re of t he s t ronghol d in qu est ion t o be be yond

his r each, he d e par t ed w i t hou t effec t ing his obj ect and ,

moved t o N il chiragh, all which occu rr ence s have been

a lre ad y ful l y d et a il e d in t he ir pro pe r pl ace F rom t he .

l e t t er s of r eport ers in t hose d omi n ion s, it w a s a rt her

ma d e k nown t o his worl d ad oming u nd ers t andin g tha t -

,

n ot wi t hst an d ing the servan t s of t he crown ha d ma n i fest ed .

(
t he most l au d abl e ze al a nd a nxie t y t o Con sol e t he he art s of
t he pe asan tr y in B a l k h and B ad akhsha n by givi ng t hem
se e d , a nd assi st i ng t he m t o pl ou gh a nd t il l t heir fie ld s :

e t o w i n t o t h e i nr oa d s of t he Al man s most of t he
y , g ,

r a i n a n d crops had be en d e st royed a nd t he p opu l ou s

g ,

pl aces d esol a t ed ; an d t hat t he command ers of t he a rmy,

a n d t he chi e fs o f t he sol d iery , o“ I i g t o t he d ea rt h of .

provisions an d the s carci ty of gra i n were ext remel y d is ,

gust ed , a nd averse t o rema i n i ng a ny l onger in t he

cou n t ry F rom t he cont ent s of t he Pr i nce s l et t er , more
’
.

ove r his u n w il l i n ness t o s t a y a t t ha t ca pi t al was al so

, g
d iscerned T ak i ng a l l t hi s i n t o consid er at i on t herefore
. ,

a n e d i ct w as i ssu e d d ir ect i ng H is R oyal

, Highness t o
d el iver u p B al kh a n d B ad ak hshan t o N azar M uhammad
Kha r provid ed t he l a t t er wou ld come a nd have a n i n t er
v i ew wi th him, and t hen se t ou t wi t h a l l t he vi ct ori ous

force s for Hin d u st a n t he t ype of Pa ra d i se , .

Cess ion o f B a lk h a ndB a d a k hsha n t o N aza r M uha mma d

K han, a nd R e t rea t of Auran ze b
g
O n t he 4t h of t he mon t h of R amaza n , e arl y in t he
morn i ng which was t he t i me sel ect ed for N a zar
, ,
M u ham
ma d Khan s i n t erview news ca me in t hat be had sent
'

his gra nd son l uhammad K asi m son of Kh u sru S u l t a n , ,

in compa ny wi t h K a fsh K al mak and several chiefs a nd ,

t ha t y ha d al l a d a nced t wo k os beyond t he brid ge

t he v -

o f K ha t a b T he P rin ce a p
. pre ciat in g t he gra d a t ions of
.

r nk d e p u t ed his son M oha m m ad Su l t an al ong wi t h

a , , ,

B ahad u r Khan a n d s ome other noble s t o go a nd mee t ,

 ’
l N AY A r
'
K HA N

him; a nd ha t e a rly fru i t of t he orchard of royal t y havin g

t

d u t i ful ly obe yed t he co mma nd brou ght t he , ind ivid ua l

in quest ion i n t o his nobl e f a th er s pr es e n ce T he
’
.

Pri nce we ll versed in e t iqu e t t e t hen fol d ed M u hammad

, ,

K asi m in a fo nd e mbra ce a n d pl a ced him in a n ad j oi n

,

ing se a t ; a f t er whi ch K af sh K al ma k d e livered t he K han s

’

le t t er f u ll of apol ogies for no t ha v mg come in consequ

,

e nce o f a n a t t a ck of i n d i sp os i t io n a nd re prese n t e d t ha t t he
,

Kha n b e i ng o bliged t o fo rego t he pl e as u re of an i n t er

,

vie w had se n t M u ha mmad K as i m as his re prese n ta t ive

, ,

wi t h a vie w t o r emo ve a l l su spicio n of his h a vin g wil f ull y

brok e n his promise . l

d ismi ss i ng M u h a mma d K as im t he Pr i nce

4

Af t e r ,

a d d re sse d t he c o mma n d e rs o f t he a rmy in t ha t cou n t ry ,

sa yi n
viz
g his i nst ruc t ion s were t o d el iver over
, ,

a l k h an d B a d a k h sh a n t o N a za r M u hammad Kh an
j ,

a f t er t he i n t e r vi e w ; bu t now t h a t th e l a t t er had on ly se n t

his gra nd so n e x c u si ng hi mse l f on t he p re t e nd ed pl ea of

,

sick ne ss he cou l d n o t ca rry ou t t hi s me asu re wi th ou t a

,

d i st in c t o rd er H e t ol d t h em t o t ak e i n t o co ns i d era t ion
.
,

h owe ver t h a t t he co u n t ry was d e sol a t ed wi n t er cl ose a t

, ,

h a n d gra i n scarce a nd t ime shor t ; so t h a t t here wou l d be

, ,
.

gr ea t d ifficu l t y in ma k i ng arran geme n t s for t he wi n t er ,

a n d r e ma in i n g i n t he k i ngd om d ur i ng t ha t incl e me nt
se a son , a nd as k e d t h e m wh a t wa s t h e ir opi n i on o n t he
su bj e c t . T he p r i nc ipa l chiefs repl i e d t ha t t he p asse s of
.

t he Hi nd u K oh w e re j u st a bou t t o be cove red b

y sn ow ,

w h e n t he ro a d wou l d be bl ocked u p; so t ha t if he ,

re po r t e d t he ma t t e r a nd w a i t ed t he arr iva l
, of in st ru c =

t i on s
, t he opp or t u n i t y woul d slip t hrough his h a n d s .

T h ey t here fore c a me t o t he u n a n i mou s con cl u sion t ha t ,

H is R oya l High ness sh ou l d reca ll al l t he gove rnors o f

fo rt s a nd persons in charge of pl a ces arou nd B a l kh .

As a vast n u mber of me rcen a ry sol d i ers con sist in

g ,

of U zbe k s a n d Al ma ns had crosse d t he r iver

,
J ihu n and ,

s rea d t he mse lve s o ver t hose re i o ns

p g a n d wh e re ver t he y
,

saw a
concou rse of peopl e t ook t he firs t o ppor t u n i t y of
,
 85

S HAH J AHAN -N MA A

a ssa i li ng t he m
J
, S i
R aj a
ngh was d e spa t ched
ai to

T u rmu z t o fet ch S a ad at Khan T he Pr ince was al so on

’
.
‘

t he po i n t of st ar t i ng off B ah ad u r Khan t o brin ack

n
R u st am Khan from And khod , and S h ad Kh an from
M ai man ah so t ha t t he y mi ght rej oin t he army in safet y
,
.

I n t he i nt eri m how ever, a l e t t er arrived from R u st am

,

K han , sayi n g t ha t as he ha d ascer t a i ne d t hat t he cou nt ry

,

w as t o be d el iv ere d u p t o N azar M u h amma d K h an he ,

ha d se t ou t from And k hod t o M a ima na h wi th t he int e n ,

t i on of ta k i n S h ad K h a n f rom t h e n ce in comp an y wit h

g
him, a n d proce ed ing t owar d s K abu l by w ay of S an
c har i k . T he Pr i n ce t he n marched wi t h al l t he roya l
for ces f rom t he n e ighbou rhood of F a izabad a nd e n ,

c ampe d a t Cha l k a i whi ch l i e s con t i gu ou s t o t he ci t y of

,

B al k h; where h avi ng ced ed t he cou n t ry t o N aza r M u ham

,

mad Kh a n he d el ivere d u p t he t ow n and ci t ad el of

,

B al k h t o M uha mmad K a sim a n d K afsh K al mak . He .

prese nt e d the former of t hese on bid di ng him farewel l , ,

wi t h a j e we ll ed d agger a horse ca p ar i soned w i t h

,
gol d en
t ra ppi ngs a nd
, r u pe es ou t of t he royal t re asur y .

H e a l so commi t t ed t o his cha rge a mong t he s t ores c on ,

,

t a in e d in t he fort an d ci t y ma ns of gra i n b el ong

,

ing t o H is M aj est y whi ch, est i ma t ed by t he r a t e ru l i ng

,

a t t ha t t i me was wor t h five l a cs of ru pe e s ; a n d be sid e s

,

t hi s a l l t he gr a n ar i e s of t he ot her f o
, rt s A t t hi s st age .
,

Mirza R a j a j a i S i ngh r et u rn ed from I u rmu z aecom ' '

pan ied by S a a d a t Khan and j oi ned t he army F rom

’
, .

t he begi nn i n g o f t he i n v asi on of B a l k h a nd B ad akhsha n

t i l l t he e n d when t hose conqu ered t erri t ori e s w ere ced ed
,

t o N a z ar M u h ammad K h a n t her e wa s e xpe nd ed ou t of ,

t he S t a t e exchequ e r in t he ,
p
rogress of t hi s u n d er t ak i n g ,

t he su m of t w o k r ors of
'

ru p ee s whi ch is e qu iv al e n t t o ,

s e ve n l a cs of t he t u ma ns cu rre n t in I rak .

T o be bri ef on t he 14t h of t he a fore sa i d mon t h of

,

R a ma za n t he Pr i n ce st ar t ed from Chal k a i wi t h al l t he
'
,

r oy a l force s for K ab u l H e a ppo i n t ed Amiru l U mar a

.
-

wi t h a part y t o form t he l eft w i ng; Mirza R a j a J ai S ingh ,

 85

’
l N AY AT KHAN

wit h his r i ht ;
h d Kh h r ua d
th B u r an d
a n t e re a g r
-
a a
,
e g
whil st he su i t o n M u
’
t a m a d Kh a n t h e M ir - i a t is h
, Wi
th ,

t he Wt C o f t he r o y a l ar t i l l e r ym e n , a nd P ir t hi R aj

h
R a t or v n u ard ; so t h a t t h e b a n d s o f U zb ek s e ver
as a a
, g ,

wa t chi n g fo r a n O pp o r t u
'

n i t y o f a t t a ck m i g h t n o t b e ab l e ,

t o h ara ss a n d cu t off t he s t ra ggl e rs in t he re ar o f t he

a rmy w t cf w i nd i n t h rou gh t he narrow d efil e s a nd

g
“

passes As it was an ard u ou s t a sk for t he whol e arm y t u

.

cross pa ss of Arb a ng in one d ay t he vict oriou

t he
’
,
c

Pr i n ce himsel f ha vi ng mar ched t hrou gh it sa fely wa i t ed ,

on t he fu rt he r si d e wi t h Ami ru l U mara t il l t he e n t ire —

,

a rmy w a s over ; a nd by H is R oyal Highne ss s ord r ’

e
,

B ah ad u r l h an h a l te d a t t he mou t h of t he a b ove p a ss
i

"
for t he sak e of h e lpin g t he carnp an d bagga ge t hro g
u .

H e w as a l so in t he h a bi t of se nd i ng some of t he tr oo p
ev e r
y d ay t o pr ot ec t t he p r t y w ho w e nt
a ou t t o f e tc h

gr ass a n d firew d O n e d a y when t he u

t u rn for t hi s
.
,

d u t y ca ne t o h a msh e r K h an Khu shha l Beg K a shghar i

'

, ,

a n d ot ers of his cou n t rymen t he U zbek s i magi n i ng t he

'

=
, ,

p ar t y t o be a smal l on e a d va nced t o t he n umber of , ,

abo i t
'

horsemen a nd one moi e t y of t hem h a vi n g ,

e n comp assed S h amsh e r K h an a n d his c omr ad es in t he

mi d s t t he o t her t ook u p a posi t ion on t he su mmi t of
,
‘

some e mi n e n ce s B a l a d m K han ha vi ng rece ived i nt ima

.
,
~

t i on of t hi s w e n t t o l su pp or t a nd ha vi n
,
g to , s ,

se vera l of t h ose mar a u d ers a pre y t o t he sw ord of ve n g e

a n ce
pu t t he r ema i nd er t o fligh t ; whil st ou t of t he ro ya l
,

t roop s some f e w were wou nd ed O n t he t hir d d a y of .

t he hal t whil st t he rest of t he ar my we re crossi n g t he

,

pass of Ar b a ng a bod y of Al ma n s ma d e t he i r appe a r

’
,

a nce ; whereu pon N a zar B ahad u r K h a n K heshji R a t a n ,

son of M u he sh D a s , a nd so me o t he rs, cha rged t he m on

on e id e a nd on t he ot h e r M u t a ma d K h an wi t h t he
s ,
’

a r t il l ery me n a nd a n u mber Pri nce s re t a i ners ’

, of t he .

T he en emy u n a bl e t o wi t h st a nd t he sh ock t u rn ed a n d
, ,

fle d , cl ose ly pu rsu ed by t he roya li st s w ho k il l ed a nd ,

wou nd ed a few of t h em .
 87

S HAH j AHAN -N AM A

T he d a y the y had
Kh waj a Z a id
to m arch fr om Ghori by way of
t he road which had
'

, as . t o t he next st age,
be en se l ect ed on the banks of t he Su rkhab was , e xt re me
l d ifficu l t
y a nd t here was a
gre at l ik el ihood of a n a t ta ck
,

from t he U zbek s a nd H azar a s, t he Pr i n ce l ef t An iiru-l

U mar a a t t he to of t he afor esa i d p ass, t o prot ect t he
p
me n who fol low in rear of the ar my
u sed As t here
to .

w as a n i n t e rva l of t wo k os be t wee n Ami ru l U mara ,

'

B ahad u r Khan a nd t he l e f t wi n of t he arm , a p or t ion

( g ,
y
of t he ba
gga ge whl ist t re a d ing t he road , was pl u n d er e d
,

by t he Hazar as A vast bod y of t hem al so fel l u pon t he

"

.
r

t re a su re ; bu t Zu l K a d ar K h a n a nd t he re st who were
-
,

wit h it firmly he l d t he ir grou nd , a nd t he ba t t l e was

,
'

w ar ml y con t est ed t il l some part of t he night was spe nt

,

Ami ru l U mara ha vi ng b ee n i nformed of the c ircu m

-
,

s t a n ce se n t a d e t achme n t of his ow n me n t o t he i r assi s t

,

a n ce ; whereu pon t he e ne my r e t re a t e d in conf u s on i .

Af t er t he c amp ha d beyond Shabu rgha n d u ri ng ad v anced ,

t he march t o N ek B ihar a nd t o Ch ar-cha shma so me ,

i nj u ry accru ed t o t he t roo ps, in con sequ ence of t he

n a rrow n e ss a n d st e e pn e ss of t he roa d a nd t he rol l i ng
'
,

o ver of se vera l l ad e n b ea st s of b u rd e n which were a cci .

e n t a l l y l ed a l o n t he t op of t he hill off t he p a t h by
d g
by some of t he pe opl e who had l ost t he ir w ay hen .
W
t he y st a r t ed f rom Cha r cha s hma for t he foot of t he Hi n d u -

K oh ran ge it w as re sol ved for t he grea t er conv en i e n ce

, ,

o f t he t roop s t h a t t he Pr i nce shou l d first cro ss t he p a ss

, ,

a nd a t t he e xpira t i on of a d ay Ami ru l Uma ra shou l d -

foll ow; t h a t aft er him shou ld come t he royal t rea su re ,

k a r k hana (war d robe) a nd ar t il l er y wi t h al l H is R oy al

-
,

Highnes s est abli shmen t ; a nd in t his wa y a pa rt y havi ng ,

gra d u al ly crosse d e very d a y B aha d u r K ha n w h o ocen ,

.

pied t he rear of t he vict ori ou s army shou l d t ol l ow [a n

-

of al l il l u st ri ou s Prince h aving re ach d t he foot

. T he ,
e

of t he p a ss t ha t d ay pa sse d over t he Hi nd u Koh on t he ,

ne x t and t hou gh t he w ea t her was not in t en se l col d y et

,
y ,

as sn ow had fal l e n pre viou sl y a n d t here w a s a h a rd

!

frost t he me n got over wi t h consid er a b l e d ifficu l t y

, .
 SH H A JAHAN N AM A
-

Koh in mid st
w a nd i n t ens e col d and wi t h bu t
t he of sno ,

a
.
sca n t y su ppl y of provisions w a i t i ng for B a h ad u r ,

Kh a n s a rr ival who w a s b ehi nd T hé for t u n es of t he

’ ‘
.
,

l a t t e r w er e as f oll ows
-
As soon a s he re a ch ed t he p .ass
of N e k B ih a r which is t wo marche s fr om t he Hi nd u
,

Koh a nd ha s a v ery pre cipi t ou s d escen t t he sn ow began

, ,

t o fa ll a n d con t i nu ed comi ng d own a l l n igh t t ill t we lve

,

o cl ock n e x t d a O wing t o t he d iffic u l t i e s of t he p

'

y . ass ,

which were gre a t ly e nh a n ced by t he hea vy [al l of sn ow ,

he o nly go t t he rest of t he ca mp an d a rmy t hrough w it h

i mme n se l a b our At t hi s j u nct u re t he mal ici ous Haza
.

.
,

r as in t h e i r ea er d e si re for pl u nd e r a ssa u l t ed t he c a m
,
g p ,

fol l owe rs more d espera t ely t h a n e very bu t lsa ha d u r K han .

e a ch t i me i n flic t e d su mma ry ch a st i se me n t on t he fr ee

hoot ers an d d rove t he moff

, Af t er rea chi ng t he foot of .

t he Hi n d u K oh p a ss a n d h a l t i n g t here f or a d a y he , ,

se n t on a l l t hose who had l agged in t he rear, a n d a s so on

as h e y w ere
t a cross se t o u t hi mse l f
, As most of t he .

peopl e spe n t t he n igh t o n t he s u mmit of t he p a ss, on

a ccou n t of t he d ifficu l tin t e n se col d n e ss of
r oad s, a n d t he
a mou n t a i n c li ma t e h eigh t en e d by t he d ee p snow a nd
,

chi l l i n
g bl a st s some of t he men a nd c a t t l e t h a t w e re
,

worn ou t a nd infir m pe ri shed Accord i ngl y from {he

. . . ,

fir st comme nceme n t of t he a rm s crossi ng t o t he and

’

y ,

a b ou t me n a nd a s imil ar n u mb er of an i ma l s S uc h
, ,

a s horse s e l e phan t s
, camel s ox e n etc were d est royed
, , , .

a n d a v as t d e a l of propert r e ma in e d bu r ie d in t he sn ow
y .

When B aha d u r K han came t o t he t op of t he p a s a n d s

,

Zn l K a d a r K h a n e xpl a i ned t he st a t e of aff a i rs t o him

-
,
.

he hal t ed t here a n d in comp a n y wi t h I k hl a s K ha n a nd

, ,

some o t h er n obl e s a n d ma nsa bd a rs w ho st ill s t ood by

him spe n t t he n igh t on t he sp ot
, I n t he morn i n g . ,

h a ving t hrown t he bagga ge off al l su ch of his own came l s

a s he cou l d find he l oa d e d t hem wi t h t he t re a su re an d
, ,

d i st r ib u t ed t he rest a mon g t he horse s a n d ca mel s b el on g

in g t o t he t roop s Ju st a s he w as on t he poin t of st art
.
~

ing a b od y of H a z a ra s came u p in t he re ar a nd see i n g

, ,
 90

’
mi t Ar K HAN

t he pau ci t y of his d e t achme n t re sol ved , u pon rria k in

an a ssa u l t , for t he sak e of carr yi ng off t he t r ea su re .

B a ha d u r K ha n , howe ver faced ab ou t a nd

.
, ma d e so me of
t he d oomed wre t ch e s a prey t o ( t he crocod il e of) his
b l ood t hirst y sw ord and rou t ed t he re ma ind er H e t he n
, .

se t o u t wi t h t he t re asu re a n d re a ched B al k h a l on
,
g wi t h
his co mra d es a ft er a n i n t e rva l of fou r t e e n d a y s fr om t he
,

t i me of t he Pr i n ce s a rr iv a l t here
’
.

D es p a t ch of a Ca n d l es t ick t o f ire G l or io us C it y ,

A mong t he ev e n t s of t hi s y ear w a s t he d e sp a t ch of a
c a nd l e st ick s t u d d ed w i t h
ge ms t o t he reve red t omb o f t he
Proph e t (on whom be t he gr e a t e st fa vours a n d bl ess ,

i ngs !) an a ccou n t of whi ch i s h e re give n S o me t i me.

pre vi ou s t o t hi s i t w a s re pre se n t ed t h a t a wond erfu ll y

l a rge d i a mond from a mine in t he t erri t ory o f G ol k o nd a
ha d f a ll e n i n t o t he h a n d s of K u rb u l M u l k ; wh e re u p o n -

a n ord er wa s issu e d d i rec t i n g him t o forw a rd t he sa n e

. z

t o C o u r t ; wh e n it s e st i ma t e d v a l u e w ou l d be t a k e n i n t o

as pa r t o f t he t w o l a cs of ha m
acc o u n t ,
( pagod a s) w h ich ,

w a s t he s t ip u l a t ed a mou n t of his a n n u a l t rib u t e He .

a ccord in ly se n t t he d i a mon d in q u e s t i on whi ch w e igh

g .

e d l n it s rou gh s t a t e 1 8 0 ra t is t o C ou r t ; a n d a f t e r H is
,

M aj e s t y s ow n l a p id ar ies had cu t a w a v a s mu ch of t he
o u t e r su r fa ce as w a s r e q u i si t e t o d i sc l ose a l l i t s b e a u t i e s .

t h e re r e ma i ne d a r ar e ge m of 1 0 0 ra t zs w e i gh t va l u ed by
'

t he j e w e ll er s a t o n e l a c a n d ru
pees As su ch a .

v a l u abl e d i a mon d a s t his had n eve r b e e n brou ght t o t he ,

t h re sh ol d resembl i n t he E l y si a n a b od e si nce his a cces

,
g
s ion t o t he t hron e t he pi ou s mo n a rch
, t he b u lw ar k of

r eli i o n
g wi t h t he b es t i nt e n t i on a n d t he u t most s in ce
, ,

r i t y of pu rpo se ma d e a vow t o se n d it t o t he pu re se u l
,
p
c hr e of t he l ast of t he Pro phe t s ( on w hom be
amber
p ea ce l ) . H a vi n g t h er e fo re se l e ct e d ou t of t he

ca n dl e st i ck s t h a t he ha d a mongs t his priv at e propert y

t he l argest of t h e m a l l which w eigh ed 7 00 to la s and ,

w a s wor t h 1 00 00 ru p ee s he comma nd ed t ha t it shou ld

, ,

hé covered wi t h a n e t work of gol d or na me n t ed on a l l

. , .
 9|

S HAH j AHAN - N AM A
I

s i d es wi th flowers, a nd wi t h gu ms a mong which

st u d d ed ,

t ha t val u abl e di amond shou l d al so be i ncl u d ed .

I n short , t ha t i ncompar abl e ca nd l est ick cost t wo l abs

an d ru pe e s of whi ch one [a c a nd
, was t he
pri ce of the d i am 1 d , a nd t he re ma in ing l ac t he wort h
of al l t he
gems a nd gol d t oge t her wi t h t he or igi n al ca nd
,

l e st ick M ir S a iyid Ahania d Sa ’ id Ba h ar i who ha d o nce

'

.
,

before conveyed chari t abl e pre se n ts t ) t he t wo sacred

ci t i e s, wa s t h e n d e pu t ed t o t a k e ch arge of t hi s pre ci o u s
off eri n ; a nd an ed i ct w a s pr omu l a t e d t o t he eff ect t ha t
g g ,

t he re ve n u e col l ec t ors of the p rovi n ce of Gu j ara t sh ou l d

pu rchase a l a c a nd rt pe e s wor t h o f good s for t he
sacred f a n e a nd d e liv er it over t o him so t ha t he mi gh t
, ,

t a k e it a l on g wi t h him from t h e n ce O u t of t hi s he w as .
,

d ire c t e d t o presen t ru p ee s w or t h t o t he S h ar i f of

M ecca ; t o se ll r upe e s wort h a nd d i st ribu t e t he ,

proceed s t oge t her wi t h a ny pro fi t t ha t might a ccru e

, .

amongst t he i nd ige n t of t ha t sacred ci t y ; an d t he re

ma i n i n g in lik e ma nn er a ongst t h ose of t he , m
gl ori ou s M ed i n a T he a b ove n a med S a iyid who w a s
.
-
,

on l y in r e ce ipt of a d a i l y st ipe nd wa s p romot ed t o a

‘

.
,

su i t abl e ma nsa b, a nd ha vi ng b e e n mu n ifice n t l

y prese n t
e d wi t h a d ress of onou r an d a d o n a t i on of

ru pe es ,rece ived his ismissa l .

ACCO U N T O F TH E F O U N DI N G O F O RT T HE F AT T HE

M ET RO P O L I S OI
"
S HAH JAH AN ABAD
-

T he foll owing is a n ex ac t accou n t fou nd ing o f t he of t he

spl en d id for t in t he a b ov e n a me d me tr opol i s, wi t h it s

-

e d i fice s re se mbli n
g P arad ise whi ch w a s con st ru ct ed i n,

t he e nvi ron s of t he ci t y of D e hl i on t he b a nk s of t he ,

riv er J u mn a I t first occu rred t o t he omn isc ien t mind

.

t ha t he shou l d se l ect on t he ban k s of t he aforesa i d river

some pl e asa n t si t e , d i st i ngu i shed by it s gen i al cl i ma t e ,

where he might fou nd a sol end id ort a nd d el ightf u l edi t

fice s agr eeab l y t o t he promp t i ngs of his geyne rou s h e a rt

, ,

t hrou gh whi ch st rea ms of w a t er shou l d be mad e to flow ,

 ’
t N AY Ar 1 mm

a nd t he t err ac es of which sho ul d over ook l t he river .

When af ter a l ong search a piece of grou nd ou tsid e of

, ,

t he c i t y of D ehl i l yin g bet wee n t he most d fi t an t su burbs

'

, .

N urgarh commonl y cal l ed S al imgarh was fixed

'

a nd , ,

u po n for t hi s p u r pose by t he roya l comi nand on t he , ,

n igh t of F ri d a y t he 25 t h of Z i l hijja ,in t he t wel f t h -

,

year of his a u spici ou s re ign corr espondi ng t o 1048 A H , . .

,

be i n g t he t i me a ppoi nt ed by t he ast rol ogers t he fou n d ,

a t ion s were ma rk ed ou t wit h t he u sual ceremon ies ,

accord i ng t o t he pl a n d evise d in t he a u gu st prese n ce , .

Ac t ive l a bou rers were t hen e mpl oyed in d igg ng t he

fou n d a t i ons a nd o n t he n i ght of F r id a y
, t he 9 t h of ,

M u ha rram of t he year co incid i ng wi t h 1 0

, 4 9 A H ( 16 39 . .

t he fou nd a t ion st one of t h at nobl e st ru c t u re was -

l a id . Throu ghou t t he Impe ri al d omi ni on s where ver ,

ar t ificers cou l d be fou n d whe t her pl ai n st or cu t t ers

'

, e- ,

orn ame n t al scu lpt ors ma son s or carp e n t ers by t he ma n , , ,

d a t e w or thy of imp l i ci t obed i en ce t hey w ere al l col l ec t ed

'

t oge t her and mu l t i tu d es of common l a bour ers were e m

pl oyed in t he work I t wa s u l t i ma t el y com
,

, pl et ed on t he
.

24 t h of R abi u l a wwal in t he t wen t y fir s t y

’
ear o f his -

t ,

re i gn correspon d i n
,
g t o 105 8 A H at an ou t l a y of 60 .

l a cs of ru p ee s a ft er t ak i ng n i ne years t hree mon t hs a nd

,

some d a ys in b u il d i n
g .

F I R OZ st u n s
’
CAN AL
T he ca n a l t ha t Sul t an F iroz S h a h Khil j i d u ri ng t he t ime ,

he r e ign e d a t D e hl i had ma d e t o b ra n ch ofi from t he ,

r iver
j u mna i n t he vici n i t y of a rgr ma K hi zra b a d
,
p ,

wh en ce he bro u ght it in a cha nnel 30 I mperi al has l o n g

t o t he c on fine s of m S a fid u n, whi ch w as his hu n t
'

ing seat a nd ha d
-
. n y a sc an t y su pply of wa t er had , ,

a ft er t he S u l t a n s d e a t h become in t he c ourse of t ime

’
,

ru i n ou s Whil st S hah ht ed d in Ahmad K han hel d t he

. a

gover nment o f D ehl i d a ing the re ign of t he E mperor

r
,

Ak bar he , p ut it in re p air a nd S e! it flowin g agai n wit h ,

a view to fer t il i ze t he pl ace s in his ja gir and he n ce it ,

 93

S HAH JAH AN N AM A -

w as ca l l ed N a hr- i i
S haha b ; bu t for
w wa n t of t a rs,
“
o

eve r , it a ga i n st opped flowi ng At t he t ime when t h e .

su bl ime a t t e n t i o n w a s t u r ne d t o t he b u il d in
g of t his for t
a n d pa l a ce it w a s comman d e d t h a t t he afo sa id ca n a l
,
re

fr om K hi zra ba d t o S afid u n shou ld be re pa i red a nd a n ew ,

.

c h a n ne l e xca va t e d from t he l a t t e r spor t o t he re a l resi

g r

d e u ce which a l so is a d i st a nce of 30 I mper i a l hos Af t e r

, .

i t w a s t hu s prol onge d i t w as d esignat ed t he N ahr i ,

-

B ihi sh t .

TWEN TY S ECO N D Y EAR -

or r m: RE IGN , 1058 “
M L ( 1648 AD . .
)
A d va n ce f
o t he P e rs ia ns aga ins t K a nd a ha r— D es pt h a c o f
an my
ar t hit he r

O n t he 22nd of t he mon t
h of R ama zan, when t he
s t a nd ard s of pr ospe ri .
y, af t er t he ir re t ur n from Sa fid u n ,

wer e p l an t e a t H is M aj est y s priva t e ’

bu ngi ng se a t , it
-

rea che t he e ar of r oyal t y t hrough t he rep re se nt a t i on s

'
r ,

of D a u l a t Kha n, r u l er o f K an d a har, a nd P u rd il Kha n ,

governor of for t B u s t t hat S hah Abb as t he S econd

’

, ,

ha vi ng come t o t he sac cci ci t y of T us (M as hha d z -

M u k a d d as ) , w f"1 i n t en t - o rt scu e t he k i ngd om of Kan

d ahar had proce ed ed t owa rd s t he c o n fin
, o f K zt u ra sa n

i
w th a l i m a chl ck m a nd
p
3 i on t e s
l h s t o e n r I t W s, be . .

s i d e s, re or t e d t h a t he had d e sp a t ch e d me n t o F ara h
p ,

S i st a n , and o t her pl ace s; t o coll ect S u p pli es of gr ain an d ,

havi ng se n t on a par t y in a d va n ce t o H ira t wa s d oi ng

d
,

his u t most t o bl ock u p t he road on t hi s sid e ; be ing we l l

a w a re t ha t d u r i ng t he wi nt er owmg t o t he qu a n t i t y of
, ,
'

sn ow on t he grou nd , t he a rriv a l o f r e i n forceme n t s from

.

Hind u st an by wa y of K abu l a r d M u l t a n w a s impract ic

’

a bl e , he pro os ed a d va n ci n
g pin t hi s d i re ct io n d u r i n
g
t ha t incl emen t sea son, a nd ha d d esp a t ched S ha h K u li
B eg , son of M ak su d B eg his waz zfr, as expe d i t iou sly a s
.

possibl e , wi t h a l e t t er t o Cour t , an d furthe r t ha t t he

T he word
3
,
which M a or
j F u l l er se a wfi '

unsl a t es is
t u fa ngchi .
 . 94

’
i N AvAr KHAN

ind ivid u al in qu est ion had r eached K a nd a ha r a nd ,

wi t hou t ha l t i ng more t ha n t h re e d a ys ha d resu med his ,

j ou rne y t o t he a u gust pre se nce ,

H is M aj e st y aft e r h e a ri n g t hi s in t el lige nce ha vi ng

su m
, , ,

moned Al l a mi S a d u l l a K h a n from t he me t ropol i s

’ ’ -
,

comma n d ed him t o wr i t e fa rma ns t o a l l t he n ob l e s a nd

ma nsa bd ars w ho were a t t h re spe c t iv e e s t a t e s

jagirs
’

e . r , ,

a nd h ome s d i re c t i ng t h em t o se t ou t wi t h a l l spe ed for

'

C ou rt I t w a s lik e wise ord e r e d t hat t he a st rol o er s

'

g
shou l d d e t e rm i n e t he prop er mome n t f or t he d e par t u re

o f t he w orl d t ra vers i ng camp from t he me t ropo li s t o t he

-

c a pi t a l s L a h ore a nd K abu l .

AP P O I N T M E NT o r PRI N C E M U HA M M AD A U RA N G Z EB BA H AD U R ,

ALLAM I SA D U L L A KH AN e r a T O LEAD TH E ARM Y

’ ’
-
, ,

AGAI N ST K AN DAHA R
As soon a s it reache d t he r oya l e a r t hr ou gh D a u l a t ,

K ha n s r e pr ese nt a t i on s t h a t on t he l 0t h of Zi l hijj a
’ -
, ,

t he S h ah had arr ive d ou t s id e t he f ort re ss of K a nd a ha r

’

.
.

an d b e sie ged it t he e ver su ccessfu l Pr i nce M u hammad

,
-

Au r a n gze b B a h a d u r wa s a pp oi n t ed t o proceed t hi t he r
w i t h Al l a mi S a d u l l a K h a n a n d so me o f t he c hi ef oifi
’ ’
-
,

cers of S t a t e su ch a s Ba h a d u r
, Kh a n Mirz a Ra j a J a i ,

S in gh R u st am K ha n R a j a B it ha l d as a n d K ali ch Kha n
, , , .

B esid e s t h ese t here we re u pward s of fiif t y i n di vi d u al s from

,

a mon gs t t he n obl es a n d a v as t nu mbe r of ma nsa bd a rs

‘

, ,

a ha d i a rch er s a nd ma t chl oc me n t he wh ol e nu mber of

k
—
,

whom u nd er t he regu l a t ion re q u iri ng t hem t o bri ng

,

o n e fif t h o
-
t he i r re sp ect ive t al l i e s of fight i ng me n i n t o
r

t he fie l d w ou l d a mou n t t o
, h orsemen and a ccord ,

ing t o t he r u l e e n forc i ng a fo u r h t o a s wel l a s t

,
—

i n fan t ry mat chl ock a n d rt 1 at me n e t c I t w as

,
”
, .

ord ered t h a t su b si di ar y gr a n t s of 1 ne
y ou t of t he S t a t e
e xche qu er sh ou l d b e mad e t o t he nobl e s a n d ma nsa b
d a rs h ol di ng ja girs who w ere appo i n t ed t o ser ve in t hi s
,

e xpe d i t i on a t t he ra t e of 1 0
, 0 ru pee s for ever y i ndi vid u a l
,

horsema n which w ou l d be a l a c for e ver y h u nd red ; t ha t

,
 S HAH j AHAN - N AM A

t o t hose w pe cu n i a r y s t ipe nd s in pl ace of hol d

w ho d re
in g ja girs t hr ee mo n t h s p y in a d v a n ce shou l d be d is
’
, a

bu rs ed ; a n d in li k e ma n n er a l so t o t he a ha d is a n d
ma t chl ock me n w ho n u mb ered , horse shou l d a ,

s i mil ar a d v a n ce b e ma d e ; so t h a t t h e y mi h t n o t su ff e r
g
an
y priva t i on s d u r in g t he c amp aign from w a n t of fu n d s
t o me e t t he i r cu rren t e xpen se s .

O n t he 1 8 t h of t he mo n t h o f M u h a rra m it be i ng ,

fort u n a t e mome n t Al l a mi w a s d i smi sse d a l o n gw it h

’
a ,

t he n obl e s w ho w er e pr ese n t in H is M a j es t y s fo t u na t e
’

r
t ra in an d fa r ma ns w er e i ss u e d
, t o t hose w ho w e re sta y

in g in t he provi n ce of K a b u l a n d o t h e r pl ace s t o j oi n t he ,

r o a l forces a t o nce
y Var iou s mark s o f fa v o u r a n d re
.

m a n i f es t e d A l ami is assoc i
’
ar d w er e t o war d s l an d h
g
o n t h eir t ak in
g l ea v e by t he be s t owal of k hil a t s
’
a t es, , ,

j e well ed d aggers an d sword s h orse s a nd el e pha n t s o n

, , ,

t hem acco rd in g t o t h e ir d iff e re n t gr a d es of ra nk

, He .

al so for ward e d by t he ha n d s o f Al l ami for t he ga l l a n t ’

Prin ce t o wh om a n ord er ha d b ee n i ssu ed previou s t o

—

t hi s d i rec tin g him t o s t ar t i n s t a n t ly fro m M u l t a n a n d

,

o ve rt ak e t he r o ya l forces a t B himbhar a ha nd so me _

hhil a t I t w as fu rth er co mma n d e d t h a t t he e ver

’
.

vict oriou s army sho u ld h a st e n t o Ka bu l via B an gash i -

b al a an d B anga sh i pa yi n as t h e y were t he short e s t

-
,

rou t es an d , t hen ce pr ocee d by w a y of G ha z n i t ow ar d s

K and ahar ,

SS OF KAN DAH AR LO

O n t he 8 t h of R a bi u l a ww al wh e n t he vi ct or i o u s c amp
’
-
,

st art ed f rom j ahan gira b a d in t e ll ige nce rea che d t he ,

Cou r t t ha t t he ser va n t s of t he cr o wn ha d l os t possessio n

of t he f or t resse s of K a n d ahar and B u st , a nd al l t he r e st
in t ha t c ou n try ; a d e t a il e d a cc o u n t of which e ve n ts is
h ere given When S h a h Abb a s ca me fr om T u s
'
. t o H ir a t -
,

he proceed e d from t h e n ce t o F ara h ; wher e ha vin g h a l t ,

e d some d a ys he mar che d u po n K a n d ahar h a vi n

,
g ho w , ,

e ver first d es pa t ched M ihr a b K h a n wi th so me of his

,

n ob l e s a nd an a d d i t i on a l n u mb er of ma t chl ock men e t c

, , .
 s mu t JAM
-
N AN A

i os t t he lit t l e coura ge t he y p osses ed , and Shad i

s
p ir t , l .

U zbek havi ng en t er ed int o a consp iracy wi t h t he Kau l

bashis se d u ced Ki p chak Kha n from his d u t y
,
T hough ,

t he l a tt er was not n a t ura l l y i ncl i ned at heart to t his

co u rse of beha viou r as his m p i h ad he ir
'

y et c o a
,n ons t
fa mi l i es wi t h t hem t hrough d re ad of l osi ng t he i r weal t h
, ,

t he ir l ive s and t he ir good re pu t e t hey woul d not l e t him

, ,

fol l ow t he be n t o f his own d is pos i tion so he wa s n ece s ,

sar ily compel l ed t o all y himsel f w i t h t hose u nf or t u na t e s .

Some of t he M u ghal ma nsa bd a rs a had is and ma t chl ock , ,

me n t oo , ha vi ng spri nk l ed t he d u st of t reaso n o n the

head s of , l oyal t y e n t e re d i nt o a leagu e wi t h t he m , a nd
ha vin g come in f ron t of t he fort , d ecl ared t ha t , in co nse
u e nce of al l t he f
r oar o m t he vas t qu an
ds b e i ng cl osed ,
q
t i t y o f sn ow on t he
grou nd t here wa s no hope of the ,

e arl y arr iv a l of su ccour, a n d t ha t it w as e vi d en t from t he

u n t ir i ng effor t s o f t he Ka z al bashis, t h a t t he y w ou ld very

short l y ca p t u re t he fort , a n d af t er i t s r e d u ct i on by force

a n d Vi ol e nce ne i t h e r w o u l d t h ere be an y ch a nce o f t he ir

,

own live s be i n g sp a r e d nor of t he ir offsp ri ng be i ng save d

,

from c a p t ivi t y T he wre t che d D a ul a t K ha n, who o ught

.

inst a n t ly t o ha ve ex t ingu ished the flame s of t his se d i t ion

wi t h t he wa t er of t he sword showed a n u t t e r w an t of ,

s pi ri t by con t e n t ing himsel f wi t h offering ad vice in re

,

ply This ho we ver mad e no impressi on on t he ind ivi

. . ,

d u al s in qu e st ion w ho got u p a nd d e part e d t o t he ir

, ,

r esp ec t iv e h omes so t h a t nou ht bu t a sca n t y force bei n g

g ,

l e ft in t he i n t ren chme n t s t he K a za l ba shis e n t ere d t he

,

S her H a ji in se ver al pl a ce s
-
As for the p ar t y t h a t forced
.

a n e n t ran c e on t he si d e of t he B a ba wal i
ga t e so me of ,

t he h o u se hol d t roo s a n d D a u l a t K h a n s fol l ow ers who

p
’
,

occ u p ie d t ha t q u ar t er ru sh ed u p on t h em , wh ere upon ,

se ver a l w er e k il l e d on bo t h si d es .

M e a n whil e t he t ra it or S had i se n t a messa ge t o t he

,

govern or of t he fort who w as st a t ion ed a t t he above

,

ga t e t o sa y t ha t M u hamma d B eg B ak i had come bea ri ng

, ,

a l e t t e r a nd me ssa ge from t he S hah a n d accompa n i ed by ,

Sha ra fu d d in H usa i n a ma ma bd a r who was d a rogha of

-
,
‘
 98

i N AY A r
'

KH AN

t he b u il d ings a nd ma gaz in s in t he f or t of B us t D a ul a t e .

K ha n o n t his d espa t ch e d Mir ait H u sa i n B a khshi f or t he

, , ,

pur pose of se n di ng a wa y M u h a mma d B eg from t he ga t e ;

bu t a s soo n a s t he ba k hs hi re a ch ed t he a t e o f Vesk a ra n
g ,

he n o t i c e d Ki pc h a k Kha n S h a d i a n d a n u mb e r o f t h , , e

M u gh al ma nsa bd a rs si t t i n
g in t he ga t e w a y
, a nd
pe r ,

c e ive d t h a t t h e y ha d brou g h t M u h a mma d B e g i n s id e ,

a n d se a t e d him in fro n t o f t hem a n d t ha t h e ha d ,

brou gh t fou r l e t t er s o n e a d d r esse d t o D a u l a t Kha n

, ,

a n d t he O t h e r t hr e e t o S h a d i N u r u l H asa n a n d M ir ak ,
-

H u sa i n an d w as sa ying t ha t he ha d be sid es some ver

,

bal messa ge s t o d e liver Mir ak H u sai n t he refore t ur n

.

e d b a ck a n d re l a t e d t he circums t a n ce s t o D a u l a t Kh an ;
,

whe re u pon th a t wor t hl ess wre t ch d e pu t ed his Las hk a r

'

n a v is
(pa yi nas t er of t he forces ) t o d e t a i n M u hamma d
Be g t he re an d se nd K ipc ha k K h an an d S h a d i t o him
, , .

As soo n as th e se u ngra t efu l wre t che s ca me a c t in g in ,

c onf omi t y wi t h t h e ir a d vi ce he ad op t ed t he con t e mp

,
ti

bl e r eso l u t ion of proce ed i n g t o a n

.
in t er vi e w wi t h
M u h am ma d Be g a n d r e ce ivin g and k ee ping t he l e t t er s
,

he b r o u g h t T he S h a h a l so se n t a messa ge t o t he eff ec t
.
. ,

t h a t he s h oul d t ak e w arn i ng fr o m wha t ha d al r ea d y

be fa ll e n P u rd il Khan t he gove r n or o f t he fort of B u st
, ,

a nd his c omr a d e s ; a n d n e i t h er p rol o ng host ili t i e s a n y

f u r t h e r nor s t r ive t o sh ed t he bl ood and su lly t he f a ir
,

fa me of hi ms el f a n d his comr a d e s ; a n d w i t h a vi e w t o
a c q u a i n t t h e i n ma t e s o f t he for t wi t h t he co n d i t i o n o f t he

ga rr i son o f B u s t be d e s p a t ch e d a l o n g wi t h M u h a mma d
,

Be g t he for e sa i d S h a ra i n d d in H u s a in w ho m M ihra l
a -
, )

K h a n ha d s t a t e d o ff l o a d e d wi t h ch a i n s in a d va n ce o f
r

h imse l f To t his D a u l a t Kh a n re plie d t h a t he w o u l d

.
,

re t u rn an a n s we five d a y s h e n ce ; a n d it h a vi n g b e e n
r

st ipu l a t e d t h a t d u ri n
g t his i n t er va l h os t ili t i es sh o u l d
n o t be e n ga ge d in o n e i t h e r s i d e M u h a mma d B e g r e ,

c e iv ed his d i smi ssa l a nd r e t u r ne d

, t o his own ca mp .

O n t he 5 t h d ay Al i K u li K h a n b ro t h e r o f R u s t a m
’
,

K ha n t he forme r c omma n d e r in chi e f h a vi n g c ome t o

r
,
- -
,
 99

S HA H j AHAN -
N AM A
S ha d i in t re chme nt d e livered a messa e
'

s an d sa y in
,
g g ,

t ha t t he S h a h ha d commissio n e d him t o a sce r t ai n t h e i r

fin al d ec is ion t he pu s ill a n i mo u s
, D a u l a t K ha n wi t h ,

mos t of t he se rva n t s of t he crown we n t t o t he ga t e a nd , ,

i n vi t ed hi m in T he l a t t e r a f t e r b e ing
. i n t rod u ce d , ,

st a t e d , t ha t as t he y ha d al r ead
ga l l ant a nd y off ere d .
as
st u bb or n a res is ta nce as it w a s
possibl e t o mak e it w a s ,

n o w pro pe r t h a t t he y sho ul d ref rain fr o m fi h t i n

g g a nd , ,

a pplyi n
g t he mse lve s t o t he pr e se rv a t ion o f t he ir live s
g wi t h him
a n d pro pe r t y s h o u ld se n d a n ind ivid u a l al on
,

t o d el ive r t h e i r r e ply T he wort hl e ss D a ul a t Khan ac

.

cord i ngl d es pa che d Abd u l L a t if d iwa n of K an d ahar

’
y t -
, ,

for th e pu r pose of procur in g a sa fe co nd u ct in compa n y ,

wi t h t he a b ove ind ivid u al a nd on t he fol l owi ng d a y he ,

re t u r n e d wi t h t he wr it t e n agree me n t ,

T he vill ai n S h ad i ho wev e r wi tho u t , wai t in g for ,

t he go ve rn or s e vac u a t i n
g t he fort t he
’
su rr e nd ere d ,

Ves k ar an ga t e which was in his charge d u r ing t he n i ght

, ,

t o t he K az al b a shis a nd has t e n ed al o ng wi t h
, Kip chalt

Kha n t o t he S h ah s cam p Howe ver mu ch t he miser

’
.

a bl e Da u l a t Kha n e xhort ed his me n t o repair t o t he

f ort o n t he t op of t he hil l it was of no a v ail ; t hou gh ,

ha d be b u t t a k e n she l t er t he re wit h a d e t a chme n t he ,

co u ld ha ve he ld ou t t il l t he arr ival of su ccou r wi t hou t ,

su fi e r in
g a ny h ar m O n t he morro w whe n t he ma ns a b
.
,

da rs a had is a n d ma t chl ock me n

, , who were e n ga ged in ,

t he d e f e nce ga t es of t he n e w a n d ol d fort s march

of t he ,

e d ou t a f te r o b t ain i n a saf e con d u ct wi h he e xce p

t t =
,
g ,

t ion o f t he c i t a d e l where t he h e lpl e ss D a u l a t Khan w a s

l e ft wi t h K a k ar Kha n t he base R a j a Amar S i ngh a n d
'

, ,

so me ot her ma ns a bda rs, as wel l as a p ar t y of his ow n

a d he re n t s e very s po t w as in t he possess i on of t he K azal ;

,

bashis .

On t he 9th ye ar Al i K ul i Kha n ca me
of S a far , t his ,
’

a nd s aid t h a t a ny l o n ger d e la y cou l d n o t b e p ermi t t e d ;

wh e re u pon t he d isl oyal D a u l a t Kh a n d el ivered u p a

pl a ce of re fu ge of t ha t d escrip t ion a nd havin g marched ,
 101

S HAH JAHAN N AM A -

ha vi n g b egged for qu ar t er aft er en t eri ng in t o a

, i
st r ct

a
gre e me n t , had an i n t ervie w wi t h M ihrab Khan '
. T he
l a t t er h a ving b rok e n
, his en
g g me nt
a e ,
p ut to de a t h ou t

of t he 6 00 men , w ho ha d by t he gove rn or t o t he
st ood

l a st se veral pe rson s who b e ing av erse t o t he su rrend er

, ,
.

h a d pr ot r act ed t he st r u ggl e ; a nd h avi n g ma d e t ha t ind iv i

d u a l hi mse l f a pr is on er t oge t her wi t h t he r e st of his a d her
,

e n t s a n d his f ami l y a nd
, chil d re n b rou gh t t he m a l l t o ,

t he S h a h a t K a n d a h a r ,

I n Za min d a w a r t he w a r w a s ca rr i e d o n a s f oll ow s .

A s s oo n a s S a z Kh a n B a ligh b e s i eged t he f ort S a iyid ,

A sa d u l l a a n d S a i y i d
-
,
B a lt a r so n s of S a iyi d B a yaz i d
,

B u k h a ri who w er e e n ga ge d in it s d e fe n c e se n t him a
, ,

me ssa ge sa yi n g t h a t t he fort w a s a d e pe nd e nc y of K an
,

d ah ar a n d , wi t hou t red u cin g t he l a t t er it s c a pt u re ,

wou l d be of n o u se ; a n d it w ou l d t h erefore be b e t t er t o
s u spe n d h os t ili t i e s u n t il t he f a t e o f K a n d a h ar w a s asc er

ra i n e d so t h a t bl ood mi h t n ot be sh e d fru i t l e ssly Saz

,
g .

K h a n con cu rri ng in t he r ea son a bl e n e ss of t hi s prop osi

.

t ion , r efra i n e d from pro se cu t i n g si ege o p era t ion s a nd ,

ha vin g wr i t t en t o i n form t he Shah of t he fa c t sa t d o w n

A m
,

t o a w a i t i n t e lli e n ce
g e sse n e r from t he S h a h a t
g
.

l en gt h b rou gh t t o t he S a iyi d s a l e t t e r d e t a ili n

g t he ca p ,

t u re of t he fort r e sse s of B u st a n d K a n d a h ar ; wh ere u po n

t h e y s u rr e n d e r e d t he f or t .

ADV AN C E OF T HE I M P E RIAL ARM Y TO KAN DAH AR

T he xplo i t s of t he r oya l army we re a s foll ows T he
e .

d a y t h a t A ll a mi S a d u l l a Kh a n cr osse d t he N i l a b wi t h
’ ’ -

t he r oy al for ce s P r i n ce M u h a mmad Au ra n gz eb B a had u r

,

h a ving arrive d from M u l t an al so e ff ec t e d his pa ssa ge ,

over t he ri v e r ; a n d t he whol e of t he force s se t o u t a t

o n ce in H is R oyal Highness s t r a i n for K oha t O n t e ’

.

a ch i n
g t ha t pl a ce he h a l t e d t o a wa i t t he r ece ipt of in
,

t el l ige n ce re ar d i n g t he sn ow ; a nd pr e se n tl y a l et t er
g
a r riv e d from K h a lil B eg who ha d b e e n sen t o n in a d ,

v a nce t o l eve l t he roa d a n d con st ru ct b ri d ges t o t he ,

 1 02

IN AYAT KH AN

eff ec t ha t on t he road t hr ou gh t he hil l c o u n t r y al ong

t

t he K ohi st a n r o u t e t he sn o w wa s l ying so d ee p t h a t e ve n
if n o mor e fe l l t he ro ad w ou l d n o t prob a bly be p as sa bl e
,

for a t l e as t a mon t h T he e ver vi ct o r io u s Pr in c e c ou se

.
-

qu en t ly re l i n qu ish e d his d esign of proce edi ng by t ha t

rou t e , bu t s t ar t ed in t he d irect i on of P e sh a w ar by w a y ,

o f t h e pass o f S e n d h B a st a which is a n e x tre me ly u gged

-
,
'

a nd di ffic ul t ro a d a n d w i th o u t e n t er i ng t ha t ci t y p
, ur ,

su e d his
jou m e y by t he r egu la r st a ges t o K a b u l .

S a d u l l a Kha n h a vi ng se t ou t wi t h his co mra d es

’
-

a t f ull s peed ca me a n d p it che d camp d urin g t he n ig h t

,

in t he su bu rbs of S h a hr S a f a Ha ving left M u bara k .

K h a n N i az i t o gu a rd t h a t c i t y he marc h ed t h e n ce an d , ,

in t hr e e d a ys re ach ed t he n e ighb ou r h oo d o f K a n d a h ar ,

on t he 1 2t h o f j u ma d a l aw wal o f t hi s ye ar ; wh e nce -

K asa d a h Khw a j a whi ch is h al f a has from t he f ort ress

, ,

b eca me t he s i t e of his ca mp As t he 1 4 t h of t he a bo ve .

n a me d mon t h w a s t he t i me fixed u po n fo r co mme n ti n

g
t he s i ege he h a l t e d n e x t d ay t o a wa i t t he ar r iva l o f t he
,

vic t ori ou s P r in ce and t he ad ve n t of t he a ppo i n t ed t ime

,

for t he si e ge bu t r od e ou t in comp a n y wi t h t he com

,

ma n d er s of t he ro ya l force s a nd ma d e a re co n n o i t ri ng , .

t ou r r o u n d t he fort ifica t i ons O n t he 1 4t h t he Pri n ce .

ca me u
p fro m t he re ar and ha vi ng j oin ed t he arm y , ,

fi x e d his he a d q u a rt e r s ha l f a ha s fro m t he fortr ess .

T W E N T Y TH I R -
v H R o r T HE RE lC N
D 1 059 A H ( 1 6 49 AD ) , . .
.

As it w a s pre se n t e d t ha t d u r i ng t he progres s o f the

re

vict or io u s force s t oward s K a nd a h ar a gr ea t d ea l of t he cu l

t iv a t ion o f G h a z n i a nd it s d e pe n d e nc i e s ha d be e n t rod d e n

u nd e r fo o t by t he ar m
y t he me rc ifu l mo n a rch t he che r i
, ,
~

she r of hi pe o pl e d e sp a t ched t he su m of 2000 gol d

s .

mo hu r in c h rge of a [r u st
s , a i n d iv id u l wi t h d ir ec y a .

t io n s t o in q u i re in t o t he l o ss s u s t a i n e d b y t h e a r ic n l t u r
g
ist s. a n d d i t r ib u t e it a mo n s t t h e m a ccord i n l y
s
g g ,

Af t e r t he fo r t re ss of K a n d a h a r ha d b e e n be sie ge d fo r
t h re e mo n t hs a n d a h a l f so t h a t
gra i n a nd fo d d e r w e r e
.
 1 03

begin ning t o ge t sa me n ot wi t hst and in

,
g t he p r a ise
w ort hy exert ions of t he fai t hf u l se r van ts of t he cr ow n .

o wi ng t o t heir ha vin
g wi t h t hem n e it her a siege t ra i n of
b a t t ering guns nor sk ilf u l art ill e ryme n t he ca p ture of t he
, ,

for t ress se emed as d ist a nt as e ver F or t hese re ason s a nd

.
,

as t he wi nt er a l so was c l ose a t han d a far ma n was i ssu ed

,

t o t he il l u st ri ou s Pr i nc e t o t he e fi ect t ha t as t he rod no
, ,

t io n of t he fort re ss w i t hou t t he ai d of hea vy

gu ns
impra ct ica bl e and t he re wa s not now su flicient t ime
,

remai nin e m t o ar rive in he shoul d d ef er it s ca

g fo r t h ,
p
t ure t il l a more con ven ie n t o pport u n i t y a nd st a r t fo r ,

Hind ust a n wi t h t he vict ori ou s t roopé T he Pri nce

B u l and Ik bal D ara S hu k oh w as al so ord ered t o t arry
some t i me a t K abu l .an d r ir ectl
y he hea rd t he ne ws of
t he Kand a har armv s ar riva l a t Ghazni to se t ou t for t he
’
,

As t he w int er w as n ow cl ose a t hand an d fora ge had ,

be come u n a t t a i nab le no t w i t hsta n d in g hearing of t he

,

d e a t h of M ih ra b Khan t he k ila d a r, from a nu mber of

,

pe rsons who came ou t of t he fort ress t he Prince did not

, ,

d e em it eit p ed ie nt t o d el a y a n y l on ger bu t in obed ie n ce , ,

t o t he ma nd a t e w ort hy o f al l a t t e n t i on se t ou t wi t h t he ,

victo riou s forces from Ka n d a har o n t he 8 t h of t he mo n t h

r we m vr o unm
'
or me m a n , 1060 A H . .
( 1650 Ai r )
.

T he E m p e ror E xc used T he F as t

As his most grac iou s M a es t j y ha d t his year ad vanced in

jo y a ndprosperit y beyond t he age of sixt y a nd t he ,

d ivin e p p sanc t ion ing t he non observa nce of t he

re ce t s -

f ast ca me in to force t he , l earned d oct ors a nd mu ft is ,

a ccord in
g t o t he gl or iou s ord i na n ces of t he K u ran by ,

w a y of f ul fil l i ng t he c omma n d me n t s of t he l aw d e cre ed ,

t ha t it woul d b e l awf u l for H is M a j est y whose bl essed ,

pe rson is the sou rce o f t he a d minist ra tion of t he worl d ,

t o e xpend fund s in chari ty in l ie u of observin

g t he fa st .

T he mon arch t he l ov er of r el i i on a n d worshipper of

,
g ,

t he div ine l aw t he re fore

, l av ishe d . ru pees on t he
 105

S H AH j AH AN —N AM A

i y of Tibe t came a n e w i n t o t he posse ssion of t he

t err t or ,

se r va n t s of t he crown T he grac iou s mon arch re ward ed

.

t he a fore sa id Khan w i t h a n a d d i t i on t o his ma nsa b a nd ,

conf erred t he cou nt ry of T ibe t in ja gir on t he above

n a med M u ha mma d M u r a d a s his fixe d a b od e , .

T oward s the cl ose of t he spr i n g on accou nt of t he ,

h e a vy r a i n a nd t remen d ou s flood s a l l t he verd a nt is ,

l and s in the mi d dl e of t he D al a s w el l as t he gard ens ,

a l on i t s b ord ers a nd t ho se in t he su b u rbs of t he c i t y

g .
,

wer e shorn of t he ir gra ce a nd l ove li ne ss T he w a t ers of .

t he D a l r ose t o su ch a h e i gh t t h a t t he y e ve n p ou red i n t o
,

t he gard e n be l ow t he b a l con y of pu blic au d i e nce w hich ,

b ec ame one sh e e t of w a t er from t he ru sh of t he foaming

t id e
, a nd mos t of it s t ree s w ere swa mped J u st a b ou t .

t his t ime t oo a vi ol e n t h u rri ca n e of wi n d ar ose whi c h

, , ,

t or e u
p man y t rees pr i ncipa l l y p opl a rs a nd pl a nes by
, ,

t he r oot s in a l l t he
, gard en s a n d hu rl ed d ow n from o n ,

high a l l t he bl oomin g foli age o f Ka sh mi r A l onger so .

j ou rn in t ha t regi on w a s co n se q u en t l y d i st a st e fu l t o t he
gr a ci ou s mi n d ; so n ot wi t h st a n d i n
,
g t h a t t he sk y w a s
l ow er ing he qu i t t ed K as h mir o n t he l st of R ama za n
, ,

a n d se t ou t for t he ca pi t a l by w a
y o f S ha ha ba d .

m oc nns s ro KABU L AN D DESPAT C H or M L AM i S A nU LL A

'
,
’ ’
-

K HAN WIT H AN I M M EN S E ARM Y F O R T H E S U BJ U GAT ION OF

K AN DAH AR

O n t he n ight of M on d a y t he l 8 t h of K ab i u l a ww al
‘ ’
-
, ,

b e ing t he mome n t t ha t ha d b e e n fixed for t he a u spic ious

d e par t u re t o K ab ul t he roya l ,t ra i n moved from t he
ca pi t al of Lahore in t h a t d i re c t i o n At t he same chosen .

pe riod t oo H is M a j e st y d e sp a t ched Al l ami wi t h t he

, ,
’

mu l t it u d inou s forces (re se mbl i ng t he w a ve s of t he se a) ,

a mou n t i ng t oge t her wi t h t he army se r vi ng in K a bu l t o

'

ca valr y a n d inf a n t ry i ncl u d ing mu sk e t ee rs , ,

g u nn ers bombardi ers a n d rock et men for t he pur pose

, .
,

of con qu er i ng t he cou n t r y a n d fortr ess of K an d a har ,

B u st and Zamind aw ar H e wa s fu rther a ccompani ed by

.

t e n l arge and f eroc iou s w ar el e pha n t s; e i ght heavy a n d -

 1 06

’
1N AYA 1 ’ '

K H AN

t we n t y ligh t gu n s; t he la t t er of which carr ed i t wo a nd

t w o a n d a h a l f s ir (fou r a n d fiv e l bs .
) s h ot , a nd d u r ing
an en
ga ge me n t u se d to be a d va n ce d in fron t of t he

ar my ; t we n t y l pha n t s
e e c ar r y n g i ha t ima l s an d ,
1 00
ca me l s wit h b esid e s a we ll re pl e ni sh e d
shu t u r na l s ,
-

t r e a su r an d o t e r su i t a b l e e q u ip me n t s H e”w as in s
y ,
h '
.

t ru ct e d t o re p a i r by w a y o f K a b u l a n d G h a z n i t o K a n d a

ha r a n d a b o u t
, c a me l s w er e e mpl o ye d in t he tr a ns

port o f art il le ry st ore s su ch a s l e a d powd e r a nd iro n .

,

sh ot .

T W E N T Y SIX T H Y E AR o r T H E R E IG N
-
1 06 2 A H ( 16 5 1 2 A D ) , . . .
-
. .

A r r iva l o f P r in ce Nl u ha mma d A u rangz e b B a ha d u r and

Ia md a t u l M ulk K a n d a ha r, a nd
’
-
S a D u l la -
K ha n at

s ie
ge o f t he fo rt res s

On t he 3r d of
j m
uad a -
s sa n i , t he firs t mo n t h t his ye a r ,

t he vict or i ou s P r in ce M u ha mma d A u ra ngze b B a ha d u r ,

w ho had set ou t fro m M u l t a n for K a n d a h a r r e a c h ed his ,

d e st i n a t i on Al l am i w ho ha d h as t e n e d t hi t h e r by w a y
’
. .

o f K a b ul ha vi ng j oi ned H is R o ya l High n ess on t he

,

a bo ve d a t e d e l iver ed t he k i n d a n d i nd ul ge n t fa r ma n
, .

As i t had b ee n d e t ermi n e d t h a t t he s ie ge o f t he f or tr e s s

sh o u l d be comme n ce d s imu l t a n e ou sly wi t h t he arriva l

at K a n d a ha r t he fort u n a t e Pr i n ce ha vi ng fin i she d
, ,

ma rk ing ou t t he po si t i on s t h a t t he ro ya l for ce s
we re t o occupy i n ve st e d t he s t rongho l d th a t v ery .

d ay .

hor t for t wo mo n t hs an d e igh t d a ys t he fla mes

In s

of w a r b u rn ed fie rce ly a n d on b o t h sid e s nu me rou s .

cas u a l t i e s oc cu rr ed O n on e o cc a s io n whe n M u h amma d

.
,

B eg T op c hi bas hi ( C omma nd a n t o f t he
-
Ar t iller y) an d ,

five or six ot he rs o f t he garr iso n had b e e n d e st roy ed by .

a sho t fr om t he gu n n ame d Fa t h L a shk ar t he K aza l ,

bas his sa lli e d o u t o f t he fo rt a nd pou re d d o wn u po n t he

t r e n che s ; wh e r e u pon a d e spe ra t e str u ggl e e ns u e d

be t w een t he ad verse host s Ano t h er t ime t h e y fe ll o n .

Al l a mi f t re n che s : b u t a par t y o f his re t a i n er s fir mly

' ’
 107

S H AH [AH AN N AM A -

he l d t he r i grou nd , a nd af t e r p u t t i ng a fe w of t h e ir ant a

gon ist s t o t he sword a nd wou nd i n g some ot hers ma n , ,

f u ll y l a id d ow n t he ir lives ; a nd on t he arri va l
c ne mv re t i r ed
of su ccou r t he .
precipit a t el v wi t hi n
t he for t i fica t ion s .

T o be bri ef t he ro y a list s u se d t he most st re nu ou s

,

e xert ions an d l a bo u re d wi t h u nre mit ti n

,
g ze a l a nd assi
d u it y in ca rr yi ng for war d t he paral l e l s a nd zigags of a t
a nd d emol is hi n
t ac k .
g t he cr es t of t he para pe t an d t he
ba st io ns .N ev ert h e l es s a s t he f ort ress possessed i mme nse
,

st re n t h
g a nd, wa s fil l ed wi th a l l t he mil i t ar y wea pon ;
a nd st ores re q u ire d for an e ff ec t ive d e fe n ce , t he ir ut mos t
e ffor ts prod u ced no i mpres sio n a nd owing t o the , , st orm

of sho t an d sh e ll t h a t po u re d o n t he m lik e a shower o f

ra in fr om t he fo r t t h e y w e re u n a bl e t o a d va nce t he i r
,

t r e nches b e y on d t he s p 0t t h e y ha d al re a d y brou ght t he m

to . I n t he i n t er i m o u t o f t h e sev e n gu ns which had
,

accomp a nied t he ro y al a rmy a nd wer e t he most effet ,

t u a l i mpl e me n t s of a t t ack t w o t ha t we re mou n t ed in t he ,

Pri nce s t re nches ha d cra ck ed from co n st a n t firing an d

’
,

had be come qu i t e u nse rv icea ble As for t he ot her five . .

whi ch wer e in t he t re n ches cond u ct ed by All ami an d ’

K as im K h an M ir i a f is h a l t hough t h e y co n t in u ed t o be
-
,

d ischa rged ye t a s t he y were n o t ser ved by sc ien t ific ar t il

,

l erymen their fire w a s no t so eff ect ive a s cou l d be

,

As he se part icu l ars beca me k now n t o His

soo n as t

Ma j es t y s world ad orn in g u nd ers t a n d in g a nd he was

'
-
.

i nformed t ha t t he ca pt u re of t he f ort ress w as a t t ha t

peri od impract ica bl e ; a n d it also rea ched t he royal e a r
t ha t t he U z be k s a n d A l ma n s ha d c ome i n t o t he n ei h
"

g
bo u rhood of G ha zn i a n d e x ci t e d t u m ul t s a s al rea d y
.
,

d escri bed a a r ma n wa s i ss u ed t o t he ill u str i ou s Pri n ce

,

o n t he 4t h f S h a b an to
u wi t hd ra w his forces from
'

, .

aro u n d t he t ort re ss a nd d e ferr i ng it s ca pt u re t il l some

, ,

o t h er pe ri od t o t a k e his s iege t ra in a l on
,
g wi th him a nd
se t ou t for Cou rt .
 109

S HAH j AH AN N -
AM A

ro ad provis ions and fora ge w e re abu d a n t .

( L ong d e ta il s
o f t he s iege .
)
T W ENT Y -
S E VE N l H
’

YEAR or T HE R EIG N , 1063 A H

. .
( 165 2 3
— ,

Ah .
)
R e d u ct ion of t he F or t ress o f B u st
Amo ng .
t he s t rr ni i g i ncid e n t s t hat oc cu rre d d u ri ng t he
s e i ge of K a n d ahar w a s t he su bj u ga t i on of t he for t r ess

of B u st by t he l a u d a bl e ex ert i on s of t he se rv a n t s o f t he

cro wn , a conci se which is as follows a cco u n t of .

S I E G E OF KA N DAH AR RAIS E D

U l t i ma t e ly t he d u ra t ion o f t he s i ege e x t e n d e d be yond

fi ve mon t hs t he wi n t er b ega n t o se t in a l l t he l ead
, , ,

po wd er a nd ca nn on bal l s were e xpe nd e d an d n e it he r

,
-
,

w as t h ere an y fora ge l ef t in t he me a d ows nor p rovisi on s ,

w i t h t he army A fa r ma n l ik e wi se wa s i ssu e d t o t his

.

eff ect t h a t a s t he w in t e r wa s cl ose a t han d

, a nd t h e y ha d ,

a l rea d y b e e n l ong d e t a i n ed in K a n d ah ar if t he re d u e ,

t io n of t he fort re ss co ul d n o t be effe ct ed j u s t a t on c e .

t hey mi gh t s t a y if n e c e ssa r y so me sho r t t i me l on er ; or

g
o t h e r wi se r e t u rn i mmed i a t e ly R u st a m K h a n w ho ha d .
,

b e en re cal l e d fr om B u s t for t he pu rp ose o f sh ari ng in

t he a ss a u l t ha vi ng d i sma n t l e d t h at f o r t re ss d is t r ib u t e d
, , ,

t he provi si on s a mo n g his me n a nd re a che d K a nd a ha r ,

wi t h his comr ad e s b ri nging a l l t he a r t ill er y st ore s a nd , ,

propert y in t he K a r k ha na t ha t was t h ere al on g wi t h -

, ,

him W i t h a n e y e t her efore t o t he sa fe t y of t he p rop ert y

.

me n t io ned a b ove he d ee med it e xped i e n t t o re t u rn a nd

, ,

n ot o n e of t he r oya li s t comma n d e rs p ro pose d st a yi n

g
a n y l onge r T he Pr i n ce B u l a n d I k ba l con se qu e n t ly on
.
,

t he 15 1 h Zi l k a d a t hi s ye ar se t o u t fr om K a n d a h a r fo r
’
-
,

Hi nd u st a n .

T W E N T Y E IG HT H Y E AR o r T H E -
RE IGN 1 06 4 A H , . .

( 16 5 3 4 A D ) - . .

p
poin t me n t A l la mi t o t he t as k
A f d e mol is hing
’
of o t he
F or t o f Chit or , and Chas t is ing t he R a na
On t he 22u d Zi l -
ka d a
’
, at a chose n mome n t . t he
 1 10

i N A YAr
‘
KH AN

ro d e pa rt u r e from t he me t ro o lis of
ya l S h a hj a h an a b a d p
t o t he bl es se d ci t y o f Aj mir t oo k pl a ce O n t he same ,

d a t e t he E mper or d es pa t c hed Al l a mi wi t h a l arge

’
, ,

n u mb er of n o bl es a n d ma n sa bd a rs a n d mu sk e t e e rs ‘ ,

a mou n t i ng al t oge t h e r t o f or t he purpose of

h u rrying o n in t h a t d ir ec t io n a n d d emolishi ng t he for t ,

o f C hi t or whi ch w a s on e of t he gif t s ( a ta y a ) t ha t had ’

be e n ma d e by t hi s Imperi al d yn a st y From t he t i me of .

t he l a t e E m er or
p Ia ha ngir it ha d b e en se t t l ed t h a t n o ,

o n e o f t he R a n a s po s t e ri t y sh ou l d e ver fort if y it ;
’

bu t
R a n a j a ga t S in gh t he fa t h er o f R a j a J a i S in gh h a vi n g
, ,

se t a b ou t r e pai ri n
g it ha d p ul l e d d own e v er y part t ha t
, .

w as d a ma ged a n d bu il t i t u ,
p ver y st r o ngly a n e w H e .

a l so d ire c t e d him if p ercha n ce t he R a n a d id n o t t e nd er

, _

his ob e d i e n ce t o over r u n his t err it ory wi th t he roy al

,

forces a n d i nf lict su i t a bl e c h as t i se me n t o n him

, T he .

t r i umph a n t s t a n d a rd s t h en moved on by t he regu l ar

march es in t he r e ar of t he e ver vi ct ori ou s t roo ps O n -
.

t he 2n d of Zi l bi j ia whe n t he wor l d s u bd u i n g b a n n ers

-
,
-

wer e pl a n t ed a t Kh a lilp u r t he R a n a s con fid e n t ia l ,

’

z a k il s
-
wa i t e d o n t he Prin ce B u l an d I qb al an d b egged ,

H is R o ya l Hi gh n e ss t o act a s t he ir in t e rcessor Wh e n .
,

by his me d i a t ion t he pe n i t en c e a n d h u mili t y ex presse d

,

by t he R a n a w a s r e port ed a t t he t hre sho ld o f might an d

ma j est y a n or d er w a s i ssu ed t h a t H is R oy al Highn ess
,

h o u l d se n d his AI zr z bu y u t a l t o w a i t u po n t he R an a
' '

/
s
!
-

a nd d e liv er t he f o ll o w i n g me ssa ge v iz t ha t if wi t h , .
, ,

j u d ici o u s f ore t h o u gh t he w o ul d d espa t ch his e l d est so n

, ,

t he S a hib i t ik a —
t o t he p re se n c e a n d a d e t a chme n t of his
-

, ,

peo pl e u n d er t he c omma n d of o ne of his r e l a t ives w ere

s t a t i on e d in t he D a k hi n t he sa me as f ormerly t o be , ,

e mpl o ye d in t he r oy a l ser vice he sho ul d be l e f t in ,

se cu r i t y or
, o t h er wi se he sh ou l d be ove r he l me d in
a d v e rs i t y .

As t he R a n a ha d a ga i n in t h ese d a ys h u mbly fo r
w a rd e d a n a d d re ss t o t he P r in ce B u l a n d I k ba l re q u e s t .

ing him t o se n d his d iwa n in ord er t h a t he mi gh t st ar t ,

 S H A H JA HA N N AM A -

o ff his sons t o Cour t in comp a n y wi t h t ha t ind ivud a l

m
,

H is R oyal Highness ob t a i ned pe r i ssi on from t he I mp e

r i al t here shol d , a n d d sp at ched S ha ik h Abd u l K ari m

e
’ -
,

h is own d iwa n, t o t he R an a .

T he expl o it s of t he army tha t accomp ani ed Al l ami

‘

were as foll ows O n his arri ving wit hi n t wel ve has of

.

C i
h t or which is t he fro t i er of
, n t he R a na s
’
t e rr i t ory ,

in asmu ch as t he l a t t er s n ego t i a tions had not ye t bee n

’

sat isfact oril y t ermi n a t ed , he comme nce d pl u nd ering and

d evast ing a nd
, d ep a st ur i n g his ca t t l e on t he crops .

O n t he 5 t h of Zi l hijja - t hi s ye ar h a ving re ached the

, ,

e nv irons of Chi t or he di r ec t ed, work ing p ar t ies wi th

pick a xe s and sp ad es t o over t hrow t h a t powerful strong
hol d Accor d ingl y, in t he cou rs e of fou rt een or fift een
.

d a ys, t hey l a id it s t ow ers a n d b a t t l e me n t s in r u i ns a nd ,

havi ng d ug u p and su bve r t ed b o t h t he ol d and t he n ew .

wal l s, l evel l ed t he wh ol e t o t he grou nd T he R a n a .

havi ng awok e fr om his sl ee p of he ed l essness a t t he a d

vent of t he prosp erous b anners a t Ajmir, t he irresist ibl e .

f orce of t he y l
ro a ms
ar , t he d isp ers i on of t he p easan tr y ,

an d t he min of his i
t err t or y
l e t t er , se nt off a con t a i ni ng
t he hu mb l e st a p ol ogi e s t o Co u r t a l o n g wi t h his el d e st son , ,

who was in his six th ye ar a nd a n u mber of his pr i ncip al,

re t a i ners, in compa n y wi t h S ha ikh Abd u l K ari m t he

’
,

P r ince B u l and l k ba l ’ s Mi r i bu y u t a t A fa rma n w as t he n .

issu ed t o J amd a t u l M u l k -
t ha t si nce t he for t

had b ee n d emol i sh e d a nd t he R a n a had sen t off his son

,

e n o f for g iv e n e ss had be en d rawn t hrou gh

t o Cou rt , t he
p
t he regi st er of his d e li n qu en c i e s a t t he Pr i n ce B u l a nd
I k bal s soli c i t a t ion a n d t h a t he w ou l d set ou t
’

,
hi mse l f
wi t h t he whol e of t he vict oriou s a rmy t o t he royal prese nce .

M ARK S or DI S T I N CTI O N B E S I O WE D O N P R I N CE DA RA s rru xon

' ‘
-

O n t he 8 t h of R abi ’ u s
i t hi s ye a r be ing t he expira t ion
sa n ,

of t he sixt y fift h l u n a r ye ar of H is M aj est y s age a

’
- ,

fest iv al was cel e b ra t ed wi t h e xce ed i n g sp l end ou r a nd ,

w as a t t e nd ed w it h t he u su a l ceremoni es I n t his .

s ubli me assembl y t he E mp e r o r k i n d l y confe rred on t he

 S HAH j AH AN -
N AM A

(S e p t ember) , b u nd a n t su pply of ice was const an t ly

an a

re achi n
g t he me t ropol i s d u r i ng t he t i me t ha t the ro yal
s t a n d a rd s we re pl a n t ed t here From t he se empori a por
.

t e r s u se d t o carr y l oa d s of sn ow a nd ice on t h e i r b ack s as

f a r a s D ha mr a s t he n a me of a pl a ce s i t u a t ed on t he b a n k
,

of t he rive r
j u mn a a t a d i st a nce of six t ee n k os bu t t he ,

ro a d to whic h is e x t re me ly d ifficu l t T he re it w a s .

pa ck e d in b oxe s a nd se n t d own t he st rea m on ra ft s t o

,

D ar y a pu r o n e o f t he d e pe nd en ci es of p
.
a r a na
g K hizr a
ba d , which is a l so six t ee n k os off fro m D ha mra s .

From t ha t po i n t it w a s t ra n sport ed t o t he me t ropol is on

b o ard of b oa t s in t he cou rse of t hree d a ys a nd n igh t s .

K hal il u l l a K h a n
-
in compa n y wi t h t he
, a fore sa i d

R a j a a n d some o t her za min d a rs of t hose p arts h a vi n g

'

,
‘

re ache d t he D u n whi ch is a st r ip of cou n t ry l i n

,
y g o u t si d e
o f S ri n a ga r t we n t y ha s l ong a n d five broa d
, on e ex t re mi t y ,

of it s l e n gt h b e i ng ho u nd e d by t he r ive r J u mn a a nd t he .

o t he r by t he G a nge s whi ch posse sse s , ma n y flou ri shi ng

t o w n s in var i o u s q u ar t e rs l a i d th e fo u n d a t i on o f a fie l d
,

work c l ose t o K il a ghar a nd compl e t ed it in t he cou rse of

.

a w ee k . H e t h e n d e pu t ed o ne of t he ma nsa bd a rs t o k e e p
gu a rd t h e re wi t h 200 ma t chl ock men a n d se t o u t in ad ,

v a n ce w i t h t he wh ol e of his comrad e s O n r ea chi ng .

B a h a d u r K h a n p ur whi ch is a pl a ce
, be l ongi n g t o t he
D u n a n d li es b e t wee n t he rivers J u mn a a nd G a n ge s in
. ,

c on se q u e n ce o f t he pe a sa n t ry t h a t d w e l t i n t h a t n e igh

bou rhood h a vi n g t a k en r e fu ge in t he hill s a nd fo re s t s

a nd d ehl e s a n d o b st i n a t e ly ref u sing t o ret u r n he d e s
, ,

pa t c he d t he e ver t r iu mph a n t t roo ps from eve ry s id e t

- o

co erce t h e m w ho su c cee d ed in i nfl ict i ng su i t a bl e ch a s

,

t ise me n t . A n u mb er of t he r e b e l s t he re for e fe ll by t he
swor d of v e nge a n ce a n d ma ny more w e re t a k e n p riso n e rs ;
’

, ,

af t e r whi ch t he re ma i nd e r t e n d e r e d t h e i r a ll e gi a n ce and ,

i n nu mera bl e h erd s of c a t t l e fel l i n t o t he han d s of t he

sol id ie ry . H ere lik e wise he t hre w u p a fort i fied pos t
, , .

a nd l e f t a confid e n t ia l person wi t h so me ma nsa bd a rs ,

 1 14

'
l N AY AT KHAN

a nd 5 00 i nfa n t ry an d ma t chl oc k me n , to
ga rris on it so ,

t h a t t he passage of t ra ve ll ers t o a nd fro migh t re ma i n

u n i n t erru p t ed H a vi ng t h en se t ou t himse l f f rom
.

t h e n ce he a pproached t he t ow n of B a saai t p
,
ur which is ,

a l so a d e pe n d e n cy of t he D u n a nd h al t e d h al f w a y u p -
,

t he hill O ppos i t e t he a bove t own he con st r u c t ed

. ,

a n o t h er r e d ou b t in which he post ed on e of t he ma nsa b

,
,

d a rs wi t h 25 0 i n fa n t ry ma t chl ock me n From t h e nce he . _

moved t o S ahijp ur a pl a ce a b o u nd i n in s t r e a ms a n d
,
g
fo u n t a i n s a nd cl o t h ed wi t h fl owers a nd verd u re ; whe re
,

he ere c t e d a for t o n t he t op of a n emb a nk me n t me as ur ,

i ng yard s in circu mf ere n ce a nd fif t ee n in he igh t , ,

t h a t ha d in former t ime s b ee n cr ow n ed by a s t ro nghol d ,

i n a smu ch a s some t race s of t he a n cie n t work s were s t ill

v is ibl e ; a nd he d ep u t ed a t r u st y in d ivid u a l t o hol d t he
post b a ck e d by 25 0 mu sk e t e ers O n r e achi ng t he b a nk s of
, .

t he G a n ges a f t er crossi ng whic h o ne e n t e rs t he hil l cou n

,
-

t ry he se nt a d e t a ch me n t wi t h t he ro y a l ar t ill e r y t o t he
,

o t h e r s id e o f t he st re am w it h a vie w t o the ir t ak i ng
,

posse ssi on of t he t ha na of Ch a n d i w hich is one of t he ,

d e pe nd e n cie s o f S ri n agar bu t li es ou t si d e t he D u n o f
,

K il agha r .

M ea n whil e , B a h a d u r C h a nd , Z a min d ar of K u ma yu n
t he g u i d a n ce of a fo r t u n a t e d e st i ny ,

es pous e d t he r oy a l ca u se a n d ca me a n d , j o i n ed t he
a b ove me nt i o n ed
-
K h an As so on a s t hi s fa n w as con
.

v e ed t o t he I mp e r ia l e a r t he re posi t ory of al l
y ,
good ,

t hr o u gh t he re p re se n t a t i on s of K ha l il u l l a Kh a n a con -
,

c il ia t or
y fa rma n a n d a k hil a t it h j ew e l s w er e
’
et s v

fo r w rd e d t o him
g mi li
a As t he se aso n for po se c u t in
. r

t a ry o
pe ra t i on s in t h a t r e gi on a n d t he fit t ing pe ri od fo r
a n in v a s ion of t he hill c ou n t ry ha d p a s se d
-
a wa y t he ,

ra in s b e in g n ow a t hand an d he D u n h avi ng bee n

,
'

t a k e n p osse ss io n of a man d a t e w a s issu e d t o K ha l il u l l a

“

—
.

Khan t o d e fe r t he c a mpa i n in t he hi l l s fo r t he
,
g
p re se n t : an d a ft er d eliveri n g u p t he D u n t o Cha t u r
B h u i w ho ha d e xpre ssed a n a r d en t d e si r e for it
.
an d .
 S HAH j A H AN -
N AM A

c o n fid ng i t he t ha na of C h a nd i N aga r D a s, t he chi e f

to

of H a rd w a r t o se t ou t for
, C ou r t T he K h a n a ccord
.

in gl y , h a vi ng set his mi n d a t re st by fu l filli ng t he se

i n s t r u ct io n s st ar t e d [or t he pre se n ce
. .

M I R J U M LA s m t s P ROT E CT I O N
ar

An o t h e r i n ci d en t w a s t he fl y i ng for re fu ge of M ir
M u h amma d S a id Ar d a st a n i sur na med M ir J u ml a t o
’

,
5
,

t he C t i rt t he asyl u m of ma nk i n d a n a ccou n t of w hi ch
g . ,

eve n t is as foll o w s T he a b ove i n d ivi d ua l in whosf:

.
,

b a n d s w a s t he e n t ire a d mi n i st r a t ion of K u t bu l M u l k s
’
-

k i n gd om ha d a ft e r a se ve r e s t r u ggl e wi t h t he K arma
, .

t ik i s b ro u gh t u n d e r su bj e ct i on
, in a d d i t i o n t o a p ow e r .

f u l fort a t rac t o f c o u n t ry me a su ri ng 15 0 k os in l e n gt h
, ,

a nd t w e n t or t hir t y in b re ad t h a n d yi e l d i n
y
g a re ve n u e ,

o f f or t y l a cs of ru pee s I t a l so con t a i n e d mi n e s t ee m
.

in g wi t h d i amon d s M ul k s ’
a nd no on e of K u t bu l
‘

-
.

e ve r b e e n a b l e t o
a n ces t o rs ha d ga in p osse ssi on of a n y
port i o n of it H a vi n g d e st roy ed sever a l stron g fort s
.

b u il t by t he K ar na t ik is he ha d brou ght t hi s cou n t ry

.
.

i n t o his pow er ; a n d in spi t e of l ong st an d i ng u sages,he -

had coll e ct e d a co n sid e ra bl e force so t h a t he ha d ,

horse in his se rvice F o r t he se re a so n s a f a ct i on w h

. ,
o

wer e a t e n mi t y wit h him cau sed Ku t bu l Mu l k t o be -

d i spl e ased wi t h him a n d st rove t o eff ect his ru i n, H . e

ha d b ee n ac t ive in p erfomin g su ch meri t or i ou s ser vi ce s .

and a ft er con t e n d i n g aga i n st t he za min d a rs of t he K a r

n a t ik . ha d su bd u e d s o fin e a t erri t ory bu t he d id n o t .

ga i n t he obj e ct he sou ght ; bu t o n t he co n t ra ry re a p ed , ,

d i sa pp o i n t me n t S o u si ng Pri n ce M ahammad Au r a n g
.
,

ze b B a h a d ur a s a n i n t e rce ssor he sou ght refu ge a t t he ,

C o u rt t he a sy l u m o f t he worl d
. Af t er t hi s circu mst a nce .

had b een d i scl ose d t o t he worl d a d orn ing u n d er st a n d -

in g t h rou gh t he re p re se n t a t i on s of t he il l u st r i ou s Prin ce .

a ha nd s o me k hil a t wa s for w ar d ed t o him by t he h an d

’ ’

o f o n e o f t he cou rt i ers in t he mi d d l e of t hi s mon t h .

( l ff e rzm rd s e n t it l e d M m K ha n )
’
u a z za
-

.
 S H AH j A HA N -
N AM A

i
a ga n st him in person , a nd e nd ea vou r to li bera t e t he

ca pt ive s ; pi n e ne ss in rest ori ng t o

as su a rms wou l d
be
a sou r ce of a d d i t io n al l e t har y t o t he O u l e n t l ord s o f
g p
t he D ak hi n O n t he rece ip t o f his r e por t a fa rma n w s
.
,
a

l ik ewi se forw a rd e d wi t h t he u t most e xped i t ion t o

K u rb u l M u l k-
by t he h a nd s of some ma ce bearers
,
-
,

respe ct i n
g t he su rre n d er of M ir J u ml a s son a l o n g wi t h
’

his re l a t i ves a nd t he i n fli c t io n of t he con se qu e n ce s o f

,

d i sob ed i e n ce A . ma n d a t e wa s a l so a d d res se d t o t he
vict or i ou s P ri n ce i n st ru ct ing him t o se t ou t for his d e s
,

t in a t ion wi t h t he t r iu mph an t t roops ; a nd t he e ve r

o b e ye d comma nd s w er e i ssu e d t o t he gover n or of M a lw a ,

a nd t he ma nsa bd a rs se rv i ng in t h a t pr ovi n ce t o pr oceed ,

a n d j o i n H is R oya l Hi hne ss a s qu i ckl y a s p ossibl e

g .

I n short a s K u t b u l M u lk
, u nd er t he
-
i nfl u e n c e of
,

t he f u me s of a rroga nce wou l d n ot hee d t he con t e n t s

.

of t he l e t t er t he P ri n ce
, d e sp a t ched his e l d e st so n ,

M u h a mma d S u l t a n t hi t he r on t he 8 t h of K a bi u l
’
-
.

a ww al t hi s ye ar a l on
g wi t h a h ost of n obl e s a n d ma n
,

sa bd a rs a n d his own foll ow ers I t w a s fu rt h er

. d e t er
mi n ed t h a t t he a rmy t h a t w a s re t u rn i n g from D e oga rh
shou l d ha l t in t h a t vi c in i t y a n d u n i t e i t se l f t o t he
,

ill u st r iou s S u l t a n ; a nd t h a t he hi mse l f sh ou l d se t ou t

a ft e rw a rd s in t he co u rse o f a not he r mon t h Ab ou t .

t hi s t i me t he ma nsa bd a rs in whose ch arge t he k hil a t s

’
.
,

a n d fa r ma ns had b ee n d e spa t che d for K u t bu l M u l k a n d -

M ir J u ml a fr om t he b rilli a n t pre sence a s ha s b e e n ,

re l a t e d in it s pro p e r pl ace ca me a n d w a i t e d o n t h a t
.

w ard of t he d ivin e vigil a n ce Al t hou gh it w a s t he .

re a l m su b d u i n
g P ri n ce s opi n i on t ha t K u t bu l M u lk
-
’
-

w ou l d re l e a se M ir Ju ml a s son from confin emen t pre '

vion s t o the arriva l of Mu h a mma d Su l t a n t he t e nd e r ,

“

”
sa pl i ng in t he ar d e n of pr ospe r i t y a n d su cce ss, a t t he
g
fron t i er of t he G ol k on d a t e rri t ory a nd t ha t t he c a m
,

pa ign wou l d n ot conse q u e n t ly be prol onged t o a ny gre a t

e x t en t
y e t K u t bu l
, M u l k from e xcessive negl igence
-
,

a nd e x t r e me prid e ha d n ot t he good se nse t o ad pt

. o
 1 18

’
IN AYAT KHAN

th si me asure a nd hold th e fa r mc u in d rea d an d fea r

,
- .

Af t er t he l ast co mmu n i ca t ion t he P ri n ce ga ve o rd ers

’
,

d i rec t i ng M u h amma d S u l t a n t o e n t er his t err i t ory wi t h

t he I mperi a l t roops On r ece ivi n t he a bo ve fa r ma n
.
g
wi t h t he a l armi ng i n t e ll igence of M u h a mma d S u l t a n s ’

a ppro a ch a t t he h ead of t he roya l force s K u t bu l M u l k ,

-

a w ak e from his d ee p sl eep of a rroga n ce a nd , co n cei t ,

a n d se n t off M ir
j u ml a s so n a l ong wi t h his mot her
’

a nd con ne xi on s H e a l so forwa r d ed a l e t t er t o Cou r t

. ,

in t ima t i ng t hi s f ac t a n d a v owin g his fea l t y a nd su bse t

,

vie nce in ch arge of t he mace b e a re rs w ho ha d b rou gh t

,
-

t he fa rma n M ir J u ml a s son h avi ng j o in ed M u h amma d

’
.

S u l tan t w elve ha s fro m H a id ara b ad rep ose d in t he ,

.

cra d l e o f pe ace a nd s a fe t y N ever t h e l e ss as .K u t bu l -

M u l k wi t h gra spi ng avarice st il l ret a ine d t he good s a nd

, ,

prope rt y b e l on gi ng t o M ir J u ml a a n d his son a n d ,

wou l d n ot d e liver t hem u p t he ill u s t riou s S u l t a n se t ou t

,

for t he ci t y of H a id ar ab ad K u t bu l M u l k o n l e a rn i ng
.
-
,

t hi s n e w s st art e d off his chi l d re n t o G o l k on d a

, which ,

is si t u a t e d a t a d i st a n ce o f t hree k os fr om H a id ara b a d ,

a n d wh e re owi n g t o t he i mpre gn ab il i t y of t he p os i t ion ,

he w a s in t he h a bi t o f d e posi t i ng his se cre t hoard s of

t re a su re ; a nd he fol l owed t he m shor t l y a ft er himse l f .

Wha t eve r gems a nd j ewel ry gol d a nd sil ver ar t i cl es an d , ,

ca sh he p osse sse d he lik e wi se re moved t o

, t he f ort of
G ol k on d a ; a n d ot her prop ert y su ch a s variou s k i nd s o f ,

car pe t s p orcel a i n
, et c he mad e over t o t he ch ief of his
,

confid e n t i a l se r vant s ” a nd d e pu t e d him t o con t e n d wi t h

t he royal force s .

N ex t mor n i ng corre spo n d i n g t o t he 5 t h of R a bi u s '

’ -
,

sa n i t hi s ye ar whe n Mu h a mma d Su l t an h a vi ng a rrived

, .

at t he e nvi ron s of H a id a rab ad w as j u st ab ou t t o e n ,

ca mp on t he b a nk s of t he H u sa i n S a j ar l a k e o n e of ,

K u t bu l M u l k s co nfid e n t i al re t a i n ers c a me a n d w a i t ed
’
-

o n him wi t h a c ask e t fu ll o f j e w el s t h a t his ma st er ha d

( T he t e xt he re is f d ou bt fu l me a n ing )
7
v a gu e a nd o .
 1 19

S HA H j AHAN N -
AM A

for ward ed by his h a nd s M ea n whil e K u t bu l M ul k s

.
,
-
’

forc es mad e t he ir a ppe ara n ce a nd a ssu med a me n a ci n

,
g
a t t i t u d e ; bu t t he e ver t ri u mp ha n t t roo ps ha vi n
g e nga ged
'
-
,

in t he d e ad l y stri fe from r i ht and l eft e n ve l o ped t he

g ,

e ne my wi t h sp ee d a nd promp tit u d e in t he mid s t of a

gal li ng fir e a n d by t he a id of H is M a j est y s d a il y in creas
'
o »
,

in g good for t u n e h a vi ng ga i n ed t he su p eri or it y c h a se d

, ,

t he rou t ed f u i t i ve s u
g p t o t he c i t y wal l s M an y of t he .

e n e my w ere a cc ord i n ly k ill e d a nd wou nd ed a nd t he

g ,

su rviv ors from d re a d of t he roy a li st s a ssau l t s d id n o t

’
, ,

st a y wi t hi n t he c i t y w a ll s bu t fled i nt o
, t he for t In .

sh ort, a s su ch a n a u d aci ou s a c t had bee n pe rp e t rat e d by

K u t bu l M u l k a n d t he b ea rer of t he ca sk e t of j e wel s w as
-
,

in d ica t e d as t he origi n a t or of t his hgst il e moveme nt '

M u h a mmad Su l t an ga ve t he ord er for his execu t ion .

ARRIVAL o r M U H AM M AD S U LT AN AT G OLKO N D A AN D ,

S U BJ U GAT I ON O F H AIDARABAD
O n t he mor row M u h amma d S u l ta n t ook possessio n of
,

t he c i t y of H a i d ara ba d a nd , ha vi ng e nca mpe d o u t sid e

t he w a l l s prohibi t e d t he so l d ier y from e n t eri ng it
, for ,

fear of ha vin g K u t bu l M u l k s prop er t y pl u nd ered a nd

’
-
,

t he eff e c t s of t he i nhabi t a n t s c ar r i e d off . H e al so d es . .

p a tch ed a con fid e nt ia l serva nt of his nobl e fa t h er t o

c on c i l i a t e t he res i d e n t s of t ha t ci t y so a s t o d i ssu a d e
,

t h e m fr om d i sp ersi ng an d t o e nd e avo u r t o prot e c t t h e ir

‘

wea l t h a nd prope rt y T hi s d a y Ku t bu l M u l k se n t 200

.
-

more cask e t s fu l l of ge ms a nd j ew elle d t r i nk e t s t wo ,

e l e ph a n t s wi t h s ilver h ou s ings a nd fou r hor se s wi t h

,
gol d
t ra ppi ngs t o t he S u l t a n ; a nd t ha t fru i t fu l p l a n t of t he
,

gar d e n s of pro sp er i t y a nd good fort u ne d et a i n ed t he

be are r of t h ese art icl e s in his camp as a host age for t he ,

re s t or a t i on of M ir
J u ml a s good s whi ch K u t bu l M ul k
’
-
,

s t i l l pe rsi st e d in wi t hh ol d ing F ive or six d ays a ft e r

.

w ard s he se n t e l e ve n e l e ph a n ts six t y horse s a nd o t h er

, , ,

t h i ngs b e l ongi n g t o M ir J u ml a ; a n d t hou gh a ppa re n t l y ,

ha vi n g e n t ered i n t o a mica bl e rel a t i ons he u sed t o se nd ,

nu mbers of pe opl e t o M u hammad Su l t an an d ma k e ,

 12 !

S HAH j A HA N -N
AM A

b e e n gu il t y o f su ch high l y i mp rop e r be h a vio u r n o t wit h ,

s t a n d i ng t ha t he had a a i n se n t
g [o u r more cask e ts of
ge ms , h re e el e ph an t s wi t h sil ve r hou si ngs a nd five
t ,

h orse s wi t h gol d a nd silv e r t ra ppi ngs in c ha rge of a n ,

i nt ima t e fr ie nd b eggi ng t h a t he migh t be a ll owed t o

,

se nd his mo t h er t o w a i t u po n H is R o y a l Hi h n e s f or s,
g
t he pu r pose of a sk i n g pa rd on for his offen ce s ; t he
Pr i n ce in t o k e n of his d e e p d i spl e a su re wou ld n o t li st e n
. ,

t o his r e q u e st n o t gra n t his me sse n e r a n a u d i e nc e bu t

,
g ,

e xh or t e d t he b e si e ers t o l a vi sh s t ill
g gr e a t e r e x e r t i o ns
in c arryi ng o n t he a t t a ck w i t h ga ll a n t r y a nd vigou r .

Af t er t w o o r t h re e d a y s ha d e l a pse d in t hi s ma n n er a ,

v a st f orce of t he K u t l ) u l M u l k i s ma d e t h e i r a ppeara n ce
-

o n t he n or t h er n sid e o f fo r t a nd w e re ab ou t t o p o u r
.

d o w n u po n t he i n t re n ch me n t of M i rza K ha n who w as ,

e n a ed
g g in t he d e fe n ce o f t h a t q u ar t e r ; w h e n t he l a t t e r .

b ecoming a w are of t he ir ho s t il e i n t e n t ion ma d e a n a p .

pl i ca t i on for r e i nforce me nt s T he re n ow ne d a n d su cce ss

.

f u l P r i n ce immed ia t e l y d esp a t c h ed some n obl e s wi t h his

ow n ar t il l e ry t o his su pp or t ; a n d t h e se re in force me n t s

h a vi ng a rr ive d a t fu ll spee d t ook pa rt a t on ce in t he

,

a ff ra y U n d e r t he ma gic i n fl u e nce o f H is M aj e st y s ’
.

n e v e r fa ili n g good fort u n e

-
t he e n e my t ook t o
, flight :
where u po n t he e ve r t r i u mpha n t t roop s bega n pu t t i ng
-

t he mi scre a n t s t o t he sw ord a nd al l ow ed hardl y a n

,
y of
t he m t o esca pe d e a t h or ca p t ivi t y Af t e r ch a sin g t he
.

v a in wre t che s a s fa r a s t he for t t he y brou ght t he prisoners

, ,

al on
g wi t h a n e l e pha n t t h a t ha d fa ll e n i n t o th e ir h a nd s .

in t o H is R oy al High n ess s p rese n ce’

.

O n t hi s d a t e a t r u st y pe r son w a s d e pu t ed t o go a n d
f e t ch M ir J u ml a ; a s it r e ach e d Pr i nce s au s ’
an d t he

piciou s e ar t ha t ab ou t six or se ve n t h ou sa nd ca va l ry an d
n e ar l y i nfa n t ry of K u t bu l M u l k con si st in g prin
-
,

cip al l
y of mat chl ock me n w ho ha d been r ep e a t ed l y
,

d ef e a t ed a n d d i sper sed in t he b a t t l e s men t i on ed a bove ,

had coll ec t ed t oge t h er on t he sou t her n f ace of t he for t ,

a nd w ere st and in g pre p a red for a ct ion t he il l u st riou s ,

"
 12 2

IN AYAT K H AN

P r ince mou n t e d a nd se t o u t in pe rson to e xt e rmi n a t e t he

d o o med wr e t ch es . As soon as he dr e w n e ar , t he mis
c re a n t s had t he fool h ar d i n e ss va nce a nd st a nd i ng
-
to ad ,

o n t he ra n be t w ee n t h e m fa n ne d
b ri nk of :1 ra vin e t h a t ,

t he fl ame of s r ife i n t o a bl az e by t he disc h a rge of

*

ma t chl ock s a h i rock e t s ; wh il st from t he ba t t l e me n t s o f

-

t he f or t a l so ca nn on s gu n s a n d rock e t s b e yo nd n u mb e r
, , , ,

pl a ye d u po n him i ncessa n t ly T he d e vot ed her oes . ,

h owe ver d ra wi ng th e shie l d o f d ivi n e Provid e nce ove r

t he ir h e ad s pu sh ed ra pid ly a cross t he ra vi ne ; a n d a
,

d e t ach me n t of t h e i r v a n u ar d
g by t he most spiri t ed ,

e ff or t s d rove t he vi l l a i n s t w o or t h re e t i me s t o t he f oo t
,

o f t he ra mp ar t s h u rli ng ma ny of t h em i n t o t he d u s t of
,

d e s t ru c t io n a n d ca p t u ri n g a n u mb e r mor e
, S e v e ra l of .

t he se rva n t s of t he C ro w n per i sh e d in t hi s co n fli c t a nd ,

o t h er s were a d orned w it h t he cosme t ic of wou n d s ;

w hil s t a n u mb er of t he Pr in ce s re t a i n ers a l so w ere e i t he r ’

k ill e d or w ou n d ed H is R o yal Hi gh n e ss d e e mi n g a n
.
,

a d d i t i o n a l f or ce n ece ssar y for t hi s qu ar t e r st a t i on e d o n e ,

t h e re. a nd h aving t ak e n posse ssion of t he comma n d i ng

po i n t s a n d a ppo i n t ed a part y of ma t chl ock men t o gu a rd
,

t h e m r e t u rn e d a t n i ht from t he fie l d of b a t t l e t o his
,
g
o wn t ent s .

N e xt d ay , at M u h a mmad S u l t an
’

s so lic i t a t i on , he

g ve K u t bu l M u l k s son ih l a w permi ss i on t o p y his

’
a -
a - -

re sp e ct s who ha d come
, t w o d a ys be fore wit h some
pe t i t ion s a nd a sligh t t rib u t ar y off er in g bu t ha d n o t ,

a d mi t t a n ce
ga i n ed H a vin g r efu se d t he j e we l ry t h a t ‘

t he l a t t e r ha d b rou gh t for him be d ef e r re d it s ac ce p t

a n ce t ill t he con cl u si o n of n e ot i a t i ons
g Abou t t his t ime .

S hay ist a K ha n j oi n ed t he ar my wi th t he noble s o f

M a lwa wh ere u pon t he P rince al t ered t he previ ou s posi
.
"

t i o n o f t he t re n che s a n d d i rec t ed t h a t t h e y shou l d t h ro w

,

u
p fou r opposi t e each fron t of t he for t i fica t i ons I n
, .

t h ese ve ry d a ys t oo an I mp e r i a l ed i ct arr ived

, in t i ma r
, ,

in g t he d es p at ch of a h a nd some k hil a t a n d a j e we ll e d
’
,

d a gger wi t h p hu l k a t ar for th e ill u st ri ou s Pr i nce a n d

-
. ,
 S HAH j AHAN -
N AM A

a pre se nt of a fine d re ss of honour and a ma nsa b of ,

wi t h horse for M u h amma d S u l t a n as we ll

, ,

as a b e n e vol e n t fa r m t o K o t hu l M ul k s ad d re ss
’
an -

g r a n t i n g h im a free pa rd on B y t he u n t ir i ng eff or t s o f
.

t he se r v a n t s of t he Crow n h owe ver a ff a ir s ha d come t o

, ,

su ch a pa ss t ha t K u t bu l M u l k was al l bu t a n n ihi l a t e d
,
-
,

a nd e ve ry d a y a n u mbe r o f his f ol l ow e rs u se d t o t u rn .

t he co u n t e n a n ce o f hope t ow ar d s t hi s prosp ero u s t hre s

hold a n d a t t a i n t he
, ho nou r of pa ying t he i r re spec t s .

Al ar me d a t t he irres ist ibl e su peri or i t y of t he roya l

t roo p s more o ver he ha d
, , se n t t w o of his con fid e n t i al

se rva n t s wi t h a t r ibu t ar y off er i n t e nd er ed his

g a nd ,

a ll e i a n ce co n se n t i n ay a l l t he st ipu l a t ed t r ib u t e
g ,
g to p ,

d ue for se ve ra l ye ars u p t o I sfa n d i ar of t he 29 t h ye ar o f

t hi s re ign a nd b e ggi ng t h a t t he a mo u n t o f t ha t for t he
,

prese nt t welve mon t h might be se t t l ed in ad d it io n t o

t he for me r T he su bj e ct of his d a u ht er s mar r ia ge ’
.

g
wi t h M u ha rmna d S u l ta n ha d lik e wise b ee n bre a ched ;
a nd t he ill u st riou s Pri n ce con se qu e n t ly d e e mi ng it
, ,

i n e xpe d ie n t t o forward him t he warra nt of p a rd o n j u s t

n ow , k e p t it t o hi mse l f Af t er a l a p se of t wo or t hree
.

d a ys K u t bu l M u lk d e spa t che d agree a bly t o o rd e rs t e n

,
-
, ,

e l e ph a n t s a n d some j e we l ry a s a n in st al me n t of t he
,

t r ib u t e in a rr e a rs t oge t h e r wi t h t wo
, more e l e ph a n ts
a n d o t h er a r t i cl es b e l o n i n g t o M ir J u ml a s son F or
’

g .

t he n ob l e M u hamma d S u l t a n t oo he se n t a l e t t er con , ,

gra t u l a t i n g him o n his ma ns a b t w o e l e pha n t s o n e of

‘

, ,

which b or e sil ver hou si ngs a n d a horse wi t h gol d sad ,

d l e a nd j e we l l ed t ra ppi n gs T he P r i nce. t hen d ir ect e d

t h a t t he y shou l d mou n t t wo he avy gu ns t ha t ha d bee n
b rou gh t fro m fort U sa on t he t opof a mou n d si t u at e d
,

in K a t a l abi K ha n s in t re nch me n t a nd poi nt t he m

’

aga i ns t t he for t r e ss .

As K u t bu l Mu l k had re pe a t ed ly b egge d per missi on

-

t o se nd his mot h e r for t he pu r p ose of a sk i n g p ar d o n fo r

his offe nces a nd sol i ci t ed a sa fe con d u ct it w a s ord e re d
, , ,

t ha t M u ha mma d S u l t an a n d Shay ist a K ha n sh ou l d d es

 S H AH j AH AN -
N AM A

s u ff e r e d nu me ro u s ca su a t es,li
il n igh t su perve ne d : u nt

whe n t he ill fa t ed vil l a ins be i ng i nca p a b l e of f u r t h e r

-
,

re s i st a nce t ook t o a pre cipi t a t e fli ht A few ou t of t he

,
g .

vic t or iou s a rmy were a l so k ille d a nd wou n d ed ; a nd t he

e ver su cc e ss fu l t roo ps a f t e r sp e nd i n
g t he n igh t o n t he
-

gr o u n d whe re t he e n e my s t en t s ha d st ood re t u r ned in

’
,

t r i u mph on t he mor ro w .

M IR JU M IA S C OM I N G T O W AI l U P O N T H F PRI N C E M U H AM M Al V
’ ‘

AU RAN GZ EB BAH AD U R
At th is t ime t he n ew s of M ir J u ml a s arr iv a l in t he
,
’

vic i n i t y of G ol k ond a w a s ma d e k n own ; so t he Pr i n ce ,

for wa r d t o hi m t he fa rma n a n d K hil a t t ha t had come f or

’

him fro m C ou rt by t he h an d s of t he be a rer o f it T he l a t t e r

, .

ha vin g b ee n a ppr i sed of t he f ac t ca me ou t t o me e t t he .

me sse nge r from his ca mp which wa s pi t che d fou r k os

, ,

t he ot h er s id e o f t he
.
H u sa i n S a gar l ak e a nd a ft er ,

o b se rvi n g t he u su al mark s of resp e c t re ce ived t he fa r ,

ma n a nd k hil a t f rom him 011 t he b an k s of t he ab ove

’

n a me d l a k e A s t wo d a ys were w a n t i ng t o t he t i me fix ed
.

for his i n t rod u c t i on t o t he vic t or i ou s P r i nce he re t u rne d ,

.

for t he prese n t t o h is ow n ca mp O n t he a pp o i n t e d d a y , ,

t he P ri n ce se n t o u t some n obl e s t o f e t ch him a nd be ,

h a vi ng se t ou t wi t h gre a t pomp a nd spl e n d ou r e n j o yed ,

a t a ch o se n mo me n t t he h o n ou r o f p a yi n g his re spe c t s ,

a nd pr e se n t e d I bra /t imis a s n isa r T h a t d e sce n .

d a n t of n obl e s was recorn p e n se d fr o m t he mu n ific e n t

t hr e sh o l d by t he rece ip t of a s u p e r b d re ss of h on ou r a ,

j e we ll ed t a rmh a n d d a gger t wo h orses o n e wi t h a go l d

, , .

t he o t h er wi t h a silv e r sa d d l e a nd a n e l e ph a n t wi t h s ilve r
,

hou sings a ccompa n i e d by a fema l e one ; a nd ob t a ined

,

per mission t o be se a t ed in t he pre se nce As p e ace ha d .

n ow b ee n e s t a bli sh e d o n a firm b a si s t he f or t u n a t e a n d ,

su cce ss f u l Pr i nce e va cu a t ed t he t renche s e ncircl i ng t he

for t re ss o n t he l a st d a y of t he a fo resa id mon t h a nd su m
, ,

mo ne d t he pa rt y e ngaged in t he si ege t o his pre se nce .

 1 26

’
1 N AVAr K HAN
'

e rn n Y EAR o r T H E RE IG N 1066 A H ( 1 6 55 6 A D ) , . .
-
. .

PAI N F U L DEAT H or S A D u LLA KH AN ’

-

O n t he 22n d j u ma d a s sa n i A ll a mi S a d u l l a K h a n c on
' '
- -
,

fo r ma bly t o t he sac re d t e x t Whe n yo u r t i me of d ea t h

,
“

ha s arr ived see t h a t ye d e fe r n ot a mo me n t nor p

,
ro ,

cr a s t i n a t e t he re sp on se of
”
re t u rn e d
,
L u ba t k a t o t he

he ra l d o f G od a n d migra t ed f rom t his t r a n si t ory sphe re

,

t o t he re a l ms of i mmor t a li t y F or n ear ly fou r mon t hs

.

he ha d b ee n l a b ouri n g u n d er a sev ere a n d p a i n fu l a t t a ck ;

o f c h o li c ; d u r i n g t he first t w o mon t h s of whi ch p eri od .

wh e n he w a s n o t co n fin e d t o his bed he u se d t o a t t e nd ,
'

d ai ly in t he a u spi ci ou s p re sen ce a n d u t t ered n o e x cl a m ,

a t i o n o f pa in I n fa c t he w a s t h e n t ry n
.
, t o d i sp e l t he

d i se a se by a t t e n d i n g t o T ak arr u b K ha n s me d ical t r e a t
’

me n t ; bu t a f t e r he b ecame confine d t o his h ou se fr om

t he acu t e a on y he w a s su ffe r i n g t he mat t e r w a s d iscl os
g ,

e d t o t he r o a l ear ; wh er e u p on t he sk il fu l phys i ci a n s in
y
a t t e n d a n ce at t he foot of t he su bl i me t hrone we r e com

ma n d e d t o e ffec t his cu re As his a ppoi n t ed t i me o f

d e a t h h ow eve r ha d come al l t h e ir r e med i es prod u c e d
, , ,

n o e ff ec t a nd t he d ise a se
,
gr a d u a lly ga i n i n g grou n d p ut ,

a n e nd t o his su ff e r i n s
g T he mon arch t he a pp r e c i a t or
.
,

o f w or t h e xp re sse d i n t e n se r e re t a t t he d e mi se of t h a t
,
g
d e se r vi n g obj e c t of k i nd n ess a n d con si d er a t i on and .

show er e d f a v ou rs on his chil d r en an d al l hi s con n e xion s .

M ARRIAG E OF M U H A M M AD S U LT AN WI T H K U T B U L -

M U LK S DA U G H T E R

T he se q u e l t o t he n a rra t ive of G ol k o n d a a ff a i r s is as
foll ow s . As t he mome n t for t he ce l ebra t i on of M u ha m
ma d S u l t a n s nu p t i al s had bee n fix e d for t he morn in g
’

o f t he 1 8 t h of u ma d a s san i in t hi s ha ppy ome n e d y e ar

j -
-
,

P ri n ce M u h a mma d Au ra ngzeb B ahad u r sen t his d iwa n ,

Mu hammad T ahir on e d a y previou sl y t o K u t bu l M u l k

,
-
,

t og e t h er wi t h t he e ccl e si a st i cs a n d f or w a rd e d a k hil a t
’
, .

N e x t d a y t he mar ri age service wa s re ad in a f o r t u n a t e

,

mome n t and t he hyme ne al r i t es were d u l y obser ve d

, .
 1 27

S HAH j AHAN -
N AM A

Af t er a we ek ’ s i n t erval t he i l l u st ri ou s Pr i nce aga in d e s

,

p a tc hed his own d iwa n a nd t he royal ba k hshi i n t o t he

f or tress wi t h a vi ew t o fe tchi n g t ha t ch a st e a nd fort u
,

n a t e d a mse l ; a n d c omma nd e d se ver a l n obl e s t o wa i t o u t

s id e for t i fica t ion s a nd accompan y her from t hen ce

t he , .

T hese ob ed ie n t va ssal s accord i ngl y a ct e d in con formit y

w it h his i nj u n ct i on s a nd cond u ct e d
, her a l ong wi t h
K u t bu l M u l k s mo t h er w ho ha d accomp an i e d her, t o a
’
-
,

pa vi l ion t ha t ha d b een e rec t ed ne ar H is R oya l High

'

K u t bu l M u l k se n t a b ou t t e n la cs of r u pees in
’
n ess s .
-

g e ms a n d o t h er art icl e s by w ay of d owry N ext d ay t he .

Pr i nce forward ed t he far man a nd a su perb k hil ’ a t t he

d e live r o f whi ch he had d eferred a s has bee n a l l u d ed
y ,

t o in i t s proper pl a ce t o Ku rbu l Mu l k who we n t ou t

m
-
, ,

t o me e t t he m a n d r ece i ved
, t he wit h t he d e ep est re
v ere nce .

(R e t u r n o f P rince Au ra ngz e b fro mM u ha mma d ‘

Gal k a n d a , inves t itu re of M ir j u ml a wit h t he t it l e of

M u a zza m K ha n, a n d bes t owa l of t ha t of K ha n ja ha n o n
’
-

S ha y is t a K ha n ) .

APP O I N T M E N T or PRI N CE M U H AM M AD A U RA N G ZEB TO CO N DU C T

T H E CA M PAIG N or B I JAP U R AN D D I S M ISSAL o r M U AZZAM
’
,

K H AN (M I R J U M LA) E T C FRO M T H E PRE S EN C E .

,

Amo n g t he e vent s of t hi s ye ar w a s t he appoi n t me n t of

t he vi ct ori ou s P r i nce Au ra ngze b B aha d u r t o f
’

c on d u c t
t he camp a i gn of B i j apu r a n d t he d i smi ssa l of M u a zza m
’

K h a n a id t he ot her n obl e s a n d ma ns a bd a rs from t he

su b li me pre se nce t o sh a re in t he above ca mp a i gn ; a con

e i se v e r si on of w hi ch is a s foll ow s As it had bee n re .

por t ed a t t he t hreshol d of royal t y t hrou gh t he re pre se n t ,

a ri on s of t he ab ov e n ame d P ri nce t ha t Ad il K ha n had ’

-
,

bid a d i eu t o exi st ence by a n a t u ra l d ea t h a nd his ser ,

v a n t s had const i t u t ed M ajhul Il l ahi his su ccessor who ,

profe ssed t o be his off spri ng it wa s ord ered on t he 1 8 t h , ,

o f S a fa r t h a t H is R o y al Hi ghn e ss sh ou l d hast e n t hi t h e r
,

w i t h t he D ak hi n force s a nd br i ng t he camp ai gn t o a
,
 B ADS HA H N AM A -

OF
M U HAM M AD WARI S

T hi s work is al so ca ll ed S ha h Ja ha n na ma I t is the
‘

- .

compl e t i on of t he B a d s ha h na ma of Abd u l H a mi d by
’
- -
,

his pu pi l a nd assist ant M u hammad Waris who was ap ,

poi n t ed t o carry on t he work wh e n his frie nd and ma st er

ha d b ecome i nca p ac i t a t ed by age I t embrac es t he l ast .

t e n y ears of S ha h J a ba n s r e ign from t he b eg n n i ng of

i
’
,

t he t w e n t y hr st t o t he t h ir t i e t h year in which hi s ac t u a l
-
,

re i gn cl ose d T he work wa s su bmi t t ed for revision t o

.

A l au l M u l k T u n i e n t i t l ed F az il Khan who be ca me
’
-
, .

w az ir in Aura ngz eb s d ays and t he p art of t he work

’

su bsequ e n t t o t he d e a t h of Al l a mi S a d u l l a Kha n wa s ’ ’
-

wri t t en by F azil K han und er t he comma nd of t he E m ,

p erot himsel f Li t t l e is k nown of M uhammad War is

.

.
,

bu t t he a u t h or of t he M a a sir i Al amgiri r ecord s t h a t

’
- -

O n t he l 0t h R a bi u l a wwa l 1 09 1 ( 16 8 0
’
-
Wa r i s ,

K ha n n ews r ea d er t he gracefu l au thor of t he t hi rd

, ,

vol u me of t he B a d s hah na ma w as k il l ed by a bl ow of a
-
,

pen k n ife from a ma d st u d ent whom he had t ak e n u nd er

-
,

his prot e ct i on a n d w ho us e d t o sl ee p a t n ight ne ar his

,

pa t ron .
"

T he work is compose d in a st yl e si mil ar t o t ha t of

" "

Abd u l H amid a nd is of consid er abl e l engt h

'
'
- , I t cl ose s .

wi t h a l ist of t he s ha ik hs l earned men and poe ts who , .

flou rished d u r ing it s d ecad e .

T he hi st ory o f t hi s per i od of Sha h j a ba n s re ign ha s

’
.

bee n so fu l l y su ppl i ed by th e Ext ra c t s from t he S ha h

Ja ha n na ma of I na ya t Khan t ha t Onl y one short Ex
-
’
,

t r act has bee n t ak e n F rom t hi s work .

S ir H M E l l iot s M S is a poor o n e
. .
’
I t is a n 8 vo
. .

t wel ve i nches by six an d a hal f a n d con ta i ns 3 57 l ea ve s , ,

of n i ne t ee n li n es t o t he p a e T her e is a cop y in t he
g .
 1 30

M U HAM MAD WARI S

M u se u m
B r i t i sh , a nd o ne in t he L ib ra ry of th e R o yal
As ia t ic S ocie t y .

m
zx cr

T we n t y S econd -
Year f
o t he R e ign

Wh e n t he E mp er or se t oif from Shah j a ha n a b ad to

h
c a st se i t heit wa s his i n t e n t i on t o mar ch o n
Pe rsi ans ,

a nd mak e no st a y u n t il he re a ched K a bu l : B u t af t e r
-

ward s it a ppe ared cl e ar t o his f ar r eaching j u d gme n t -

,

t h at i t w a s ve ry improb abl e t h a t t he S ha h of Pe rs ia wou l d

e n t er u po n a c amp a i n i n t he wi n t e r se aso n whe n gr a i n
g ,

a nd fora ge ar e very difficu l t to procu re in t ha t cou n tr y

( of K an d ahar ) . T he Emperor s cou n se ll ors ’
al so re pt e
se n t e d t ha t t he S h ah of Pe rsi a ha d r e so lved u po n t hi s
e vil e n t er
pri se i n fa t u a t ion whi ch g ar ise s from
in tha t
you t h a n d inexperie nce D u ring t he wi n t er he woul d be .

b u sy mak i ng pre para t ions in K hu r asa n a nd in t he spr i n g ,

he wo u l d comme nce op e ra t i on s I n t hi s w ay t he l a t e .

S h a h Abbas came u p aga i n st K a n d ah ar in t he re i gn of

’

t he E mperor J aha n i r T he se v ere col d a n d t he h e a vy

g .

snow a nd ra i n t oge t h e r wi t h sc a rci t y of p rove n d e r for

,

t he hor se s wou l d be sou rce s of gr ea t su fferi ng t o t he

,

I mperi al army ; so u nd er al l ci rcu mst a n ces it w a s d e sir

a bl e t o
po st po n e t he ma rch un t il t he N a u r oz S o it -
.

w a s r e sol e d t o wa i t t he arr iva l of n e ws fr om K a n d ahar

v .

O n t he 1 2t h M u harra m a d esp a t ch a rrived from t he com

ma n d an t of t he fort ress t o t he effect t h a t on t he l ot h .

Zil hijja t he Sh ah of Persi a ha d invest e d t he fort r ess his

-
,

e vi d e n t obj e ct b e i n g t o accompl i sh t hi s t he fir st e n t e r ,

pri se of his re i gn b e fore t he spri ng when t he roa d s

, ,

wou ld be open for t he ad va nce of t he I mperi al army .

 A M AL l S ALI H
’
-

OF

M U HA MM AD SAL I H K AM B U

( T his l i k e t he ot her hist Or ie s of t he re ign of S h a h

,

j a ha n is some t i mes c a ll e d S ha h j a ha n na ma I t is a
m
-
, . .

h i st or y of t he re ign o f t h a t E mpe ror fro

. his bi r t h t o
his d ea t h in l o7 6 A H . .
( 166 5
M uh a mma d S a lih w as a line scribe so t h ere ca n be ,
-

li t t l e d o u b t t ha t he is t he M u h a mma d S a lih he himse l f

me n t io n s in his li st o f t he no t e d ca l igra p hist s of his
M ir M u h a mm
.

t i me . ad S a hn a n d M ir M u h a mma d
M u ma n w e re he says son s of M ir Ab d u l l a M u s hk in
, ,
’
-
,

k a la m wh o se t i t l e sh ow s him t o h a v e a l so b e e n a fine
,

wri t e r M u h a mma d S a lih w a s k n own a s a poe t by t he

.

P ers a n t i t l e K a shfi a n d t he Hi nd i S u bha n Bo t h bro

i ,

t her s w e re n o t o n ly li n e w r i t e rs bu t accompli s h e d Hi nd i ,

si n e rs
g I n t he l i s t of ma n sa bd a rs M u h a mma d S a lih is
.
,

pu t d ow n a s comma nd e r o f five hu nd red .

T he A ma l i S a l ih is a v a l u a bl e hi st ory a n d ha s a
’
-
,

good re p u t a t i o n in t he E a st I t is n o t so l on g a s t he .

B a d s ha h na ma -
of Ab d u l H a mid a nd M uh amma d
’
-

“ 7 ar is a n d it d o e s n o t e nt e r i n t o t he sa me pe t t y d e t a il s
, .

T he l a t t e r p ar t of i t d e vo t e d t o t he life of S ha t
, an

a f t e r his d e p osi t i on is ver y b ri e f a n d n ot i ce s o n ly t he

, ,

t r a i c d e a t h s of his so n s and his ow n p e ace fu l d e cease

g .

T he s t yl e is pol i sh ed a n d of t e n highly wrou ght a nd

,

rh e t or ic a l At t he e nd of t he w ork t he au t hor ha s ad d e d
.

bi ogra phi ca l no t i ce s of t he sa iy zd s s ha ik hs l earned me n

’

, , ,

physici a n s p oe t s a n d fine wri t er s w ho were cont empor

, ,

a r y wi t h S ha h J a ha n Al so a li st of p ri n ce s n obl e s an d
. , ,

comma n d er s arra n ed accord i ng to t h e ir resp e ct iv e

g ,

ra nk s A borrow ed M S b el on gi ng t o a n a t ive ge n t l e
.

ma n is a foli o 1 3 in x 9 con t a i n i ng abou t 1 000 t o

, ,

l 20
. 0 pages) .
 133

’
AM AL -
i ssu n

e nce , a nd wel ve y ard s high ; a nd it had t hree d eep d i tc hes

t
t w e n t y five y a rd s z ) wid e a nd fi f t e e n yard s d e ep cu t
-
(g a ,

in t he s t o ne T he P ri nce we n t ou t wi t h M u a zza m
‘

’
.

K h a n a nd reco n no i t red t he fort on al l sid es He se t .

t l e d t he pl a ces for t he li n e s of a p roach a nd n amed t he

p ,

force s which we re t o mai n t a in t h e m N ot wi t hst a nd in g .

t he h e a vy fire k e t u ro m t he b as t i on s a nd t he c i t ad e l
p p f ,

in t he cou rse of t e n d a y s M u a z za m K h a n a n d t he ot h e r
’

bra v e comma n d e rs p u sh e d t h e i r gu n s u p t o t he v e ry
e d e o f t he d i t ch a n d b e ga n t o fil l it u p S e ve r al
g t i mes .

t he ga rr iso n sa lli e d f ort h a n d ma d e fi erce a t t a ck s u po n

t he t re n ch e s bu t e a ch t i me t h e y w ere d r iv e n b ack wi t h
,

a
gre a t l oss in k ill ed a n d wou n d ed T he b e si ege r s by
.

t he fir e o f t h e i r gu n s d e s t roye d t wo b a st i o n s a nd b a t t e r

e d d ow n t he b a t t l e me n t s o f t he w a ll
. .

w t he 23rd J u ma d a s sa n i in t he t hi rt y firs t ye a r
-
.
-

of t he re i n
g M u ha mma d M u r a d wi t h a bod y o f mu sk e
, ,

t e er s a n d o t h er for ce s sa l li e d from his t re n ch e s t o mak e

,

t he a ssa u l t As soo n as he re a ch e d t he b ast i on O ppo sit e

.

t he t re n ch of M u a z ra m K h a n he pl a n t ed sc a lin g l a d
’

d e rs in se ve ral pl ace s a nd a sce n d e d t he w a ll

, M a rj a n . ,

t he c o mma nd a n t ha d d u g a gre a t h o l e in t he r e ar o f
.

t hi s ba s t i o n a nd, ha d fill ed it wi t h gu n po w d e r rock e t s ,

a nd
gr e n a d e s ( hu k k a ) Wi t h his e igh t sons a nd a l l his
.
‘

perso n a l foll ow ers he st ood n e ar t hi s b a st ion a nd wi t h ,

t he gre a t e s t cou ra ge a n d d e t e rmi n a t i o n e n d e a vo u re d t o

re si st t he a ssa u l t J u st t he n t h rou gh t he good for t u n e
. .

which a t al l t i mes a t t e n d s t he roy al arms a roc ,

k e t d i re c t e d a ga i n st t he b e sieger s fe l l i n t o t he above
me n t i oned hol e a nd ign i t ed t he gu np owd er
. A t re .

me nd on s e xplosi on fol l owed whi ch d est roye d ma ny of ,

t he e n e my . S i d i M a rj a n a nd t wo of his so ns we re se ve
re l y bu r n t . T hose w ho esca pe d t he e xpl osion bore him
a nd his son s b a ck i n t o t he c i t ad el T he bra ve a ssa i l
.

a n t s t ook ad v a n t a e o f t hi s a cci d e n t a nd pou ring i nt o

g ,

t he fort ress on al l si d e s t h ey k i l l e d
, or b ore d ow n a l l

w ho re si st ed a nd r a i sed t he fla g of
, i ct ory T he v .
 1 34

M U HAM M AD S ALI H KAM B U

co mma nd a n t of t he wi t h gr ea t h u mili t y s u e d
for t ress, ,

for q u ar t er a nd as he w as mor t a lly w o u nd e d an d u n a bl e

,

t o move he se n t h is son s wi t h t he k e ys o f t he f or t re s s
,
.

T h e y w ere grac iou sly rece ive d by t he Pri nc e who p re ,

se n t ed t h e m wi t h k hil a ts a nd promi se d t hem t he Im

’
,

peri al favou r O n t he d a y a ft er t he giving u p t he k eys

. ,

t he Pr i nce e n t e red t he c i t y a nd procee d i ng t o a mos q u e ,

whic h had b ee n b u il t t wo h u n d r e d ye a rs b e fore in t he ,

re i n of t he B a h ma n i S u l t a n s he ca u se d t he k hu t ba t o
g ,

be re ad in t he n a me o f t he E mp e ro r T hi s s t ro ng .

for tr e ss w a s t hu s t a k e n in t we n t y se v e n d a y s T w e lve -
,

l a cs of ru pe e s in mon e y a nd e igh t l a cs of r u p ee s in l e a d
, ,

g u n po wd er st ore s a nd Ot her mu n i t i on s of a fo rt r e ss
, , .

w ere ob t a i ne d b e sid e s t wo h u n d red a n d t hir t y gu n s

, .

B id a r is a pl e a sa n t w e ll b u il t ci t y a n d st a n d s on t he
.
-

bo rd e rs o f T el inga n a I t is re l a t ed in t he hi st or ies o f
.

Hind u st a n t h a t B id a r w a s t he se a t of gover n men t of t he

,
.

R a is o f t he D a k hi n a n d t h a t t he R a i s of t he K a rn a t ik
. ,

M ah ra t t a (cou n t ry) a nd T el inga n a we re su bj ec t t o t he

,

R a i of B i d a r D a ma n t he b el oved of K i ng N a l a o f
.

M al wa whose st or y S h a1 k h Fa iz i ha s t ol d in t he poe m
,

e n t i t l ed N a ! 0 D a mo n w a s d a u gh t er o f B hi m S e n t he
, ,

ma rz ba n of B i d ar S u l t a n M u ha mma d so n of S u l t a n
.
,

T ughl ik first su b d u ed t he pl ace

, Af t er t ha t it p assed .
,

i nt o t he han d s of t he B ahama n is a nd su bse qu en t l y i n t o ,

t he posse ssion of t he K ings o f B ij a pu r B y t he .

fa vour of G od it now forms pa rt o f t he I mperi al d omi

,

mons .

I nt el l i ge nce h e d t he Pr ince t ha t l a rge bod i e s of

reac

t he forc e s of Ad il K h a n w ere co ll e c t i n
g a t K u lba rga
’

a nd pre pari n g for war H e conse qu e n t l y se n t M a ha b a t

.

K ha n wi t h fift e en t hou sa nd we l l mou n t ed ve t e ra n -

cav a l ry t o cha st ise t h ese force s an d n ot t o l e a ve on e

'

t race of c u l t iv a t i on in t ha t cou n t ry Ever y bu il d i ng a nd .

ha bi t a t i o n w a s t o be t hro wn d o w n a nd t he l a nd was t o ,

be mad e a d we l li ng for t he owl s an d k i t es

'

T he K ha n .

had n o t got fa r fr om B i d a r wh en in t he mid d l e of t he . .

 1 35

’
AM AL-l su m
1

x d w t ho u sand of t he enemy s horse , a t abou t

’
ne t a y, t o
t h re e has from t he I mpe r ia l army se i zed a number of ,

b u ll ock s be l on gi ng t o t he B anjar as whil e t he y we re

, ,

gra zi ng, a nd were d r ivi ng t hem off t o t he i r qu ar t ers

M u azza m Khan a nd l ed a d e t a chmen t of t he I mpe
’ ‘

r i a l force s af t e r t he m, t o i n fli c t ch a st i se me n t u po n t he m ,

a nd re l ea se t he ca t t l e Pressing forwar d wi t h al l speed ,

,

t h e y ove rt oo k t he e ne my k ill e d a
gr e a t ma n y of t hem , ,

a n d re scu ed a l l t he ca t t l e S u ch of t he e n e my a s e sca pe d .

mad e OE wi t h grea t d ifficu l t y an d t he roya l force s re t u rn ,

ed . T he w re tched Af z a l w ho ha d a d v a n ced v e ry bo ld l y; ,

wh e n he he ard of t hi s d i sast er wa s para lyzed a nd fle d , ,

in co n st e rn a t on i from K a lya n i wi t h ou t e ve n w a i t i ng for

,

t he fu gi t ives t o come i n a nd fe ll b a ck u pon his ot h er

,

forces M aha b a t K h a n t he n
. r ave
ged K alyan i , a nd con

t i n ned his march E very d ay . b l a ck coa t ed ma sses of

t he -

t he e ne my a
p
p e a re d in t he d i st an ce bu t t he y con t i nu e d
,

t o re t rea t .

On 8 t h R aja h J a n M u ha mma d a n d Afza l a n d

t he ,

R u s t am t he so n of R a nd a u l a a n d o t h ers of t he e n emy
, , ,

wi t h ab ou t hor se ma d e t he ir a ppe ara nce n ear t he ,

r o ya l ar my a nd w e re ve ry b ol d a nd i n sol e n t
, M aha .

i
.

ba t Kha n l eft his camp in c h arge o f S u bh a n S n gh a n d ,

ma rched ou t aga i n st t hem T he e ne my b egan t o .

d i sc harge rock e t s u pon t he r ight wing u nd er t he

co mm a nd of D i l er K h an and a ba t t l e foll owed , .

M ahab ad K ha n was a good sol d i er ; a nd wh e n

re por t s w er e brou h t t o him from al l pa r t s of t he fiel d
g ,

he saw t h a t I k hl as K ha n and D il e r K ha n were hard p re ~

sse d . S o he charged t he e n e my wi t h su ch impe t u osi t y

t hat t hey w ere fil l ed wi t h d i sma y a nd fled T he vi ct ors
'

fol l owed in cl ose pu rsu i t a nd ma n y of t he fu gi t ive s fel l

'

by t h e ir sword s .

Au rangzeb ha vi ng l eft M u azzam Kha n a n d Ik bal

,
’

K h a n in charge of B id ar on t he 23rd R aj ah marched ,

a ga inst K al ya ni O n t he 29 t h he reached t ha t pl ace and

. ,

on t he same d a y he recon no i t red t he fort re ss a nd in

ve st ed it O n t he st h Sha b an t he a pproaches w e re
’
.
 1 37

’
AM AL -
i su m

g ov ern me n t s, t he E mpe ror fr om exce ssiv e l ove a nd p ar t i

,

al i t y, w o u l d n o t a l l ow D a ra Shu k oh t o
go a wa y from
him . H e a l so evi nce d t he great e st pa rt i a li t y a nd ali ce
,

t ion for t he Pr i nce r ev id ing for his hon ou r a nd d i

p , g
mt y .

S h a h B u l a n d I k bal (D a ra S hu k oh) t ook u pon him

se l f t o i n t er fe re in t he d i re c t i o n of a ff a i rs of S t a t e an d ,

i nd u ced H is M aj e st y t o d o ma ny un wi se t hi ngs which "

t e nd e d t o crea t e d i st u rb a n c e s H e u rge d t h a t M u r a d .

B a k h sh ha d d iverged from t he p a t h o f r ect i t u d e a nd ,

ha d n o t c e a se d t o a c t imp r o pe r ly I t w a s t he refor e a d .

visabl e to re move him from t he s u ba of Ah mad a bad .

a nd t o se t t e ul po n him t he ja gir of B irar I f he ob e yed .

E mpe ror pro ceed ed t o B ira r his off ences

’
t he s ord er a n d ,

might be forgive n a nd cl e me ncy be e x t en d ed t o him .

B u t if fro m wa n t of foresi gh t a nd i n t e lli ge nce he shou l d

, .

prove refra ct ory a nd d i sobe y t he ord e rs he shou l d be ,

su i t ably ch a st i se d a nd be brou ght t o C ou r t u n d er re s

t ra in t . D a ra S hu k oh t h e n s pok e o f Pri nce Au ra ngzeb .

and re pre se n t e d t h a t a pa rt y of i n t r i gu e rs had ar t fu l l

y
l e d him a st ra y a n d n o l e ns v o l e ns ha d pe r su a d ed him
,

t ha t he ha d b e e n wors t e d by t he ma l ice a n d r e ve n e of
g
his bro t her (D ara S hu k oh) a n d t h a t he sh ou l d ge t t he ,

a ss i st a n ce of his bro t h e r ( M u r ad B ak h sh) who had r e ,

sol v e d u pon re b e lli on He shou l d t he n ma rch wi t h t he

.
8

s pl end id ar my u n d er his comma n d to t he ca pi

u n d e r t he pr e t e nce of pa yi n
t al
,
g a vi si t t o his f at h er .

a nd whe r ev er he pa sse d he shou l d su bv er t t he a u t hori t y

of t he Go vernme n t T o ca rry ou t his a i ms Au rangz e b

.

had set himse l f t o w in over t o his si d e grea t nobl es

of t he S t a t e some of whom he had mad e his own
, a nd ,

t ha t he w a s e nd ea vou r in
g t o eff ect his obj e ct by secre t
commu n i ca t io n s befor e his d e si n s shou l d become p ub
g
l ic
. T he money whi ch he ha d re ce ive d a s t ri bu t e from

H e re t he M S S . d iffer, a nd t he mea ning is n ot ce r

 13 8

M UH AM M AD SALI H KAM B U

K u t bu l
’

-
Mu l k he had pe n t wi t ho u t permission in the
s

ra i si n
g of force s a n d it wou l d not be l ong b ef ore he
,

wou l d ca st off his obed ie n ce a nd comme nce a war I t .

w a s t o be ho ped t h a t t he army w hich ha d b e e n se n t by

t he E mpe ror for t he re d u c t i o n of B ij a p ur a n d w as n o w ,

w i t h A u ra ngze b mi gh t n o t be won ove r by t he mo n e y

,

whi ch he had re ce ived a s t r ib u t e ; for assu red ly if t hi s ,

were so it wou l d be a gre a t d a nger t o t he S ta t e which

, ,

i t wou l d be a l mo s t i mpo ssibl e t o av er t T he firs t t hi n g

.

t o be d on e w a s t o se n d fa ma ns rec a lli ng a l l t he nobl e s

r

a nd t h e i r force s f rom t he D a k hi n T h e n a s t re n u ou s
.

e ff o rt sh ou l d be ma d e t o ge t po sse ssi o n of t he t re a su re .

B y t h ese me a n s t he s t re n gt h a n d gr e a t n e ss o f t he P r i nc e
wou l d be d imi n ish ed a n d t he frie n d s a nd a llie s t he ,

s t r e n t h o f his ca u se
g wo u l d f a ll a wa y
, .

Al t h ou gh t he E mp r or sh owe d n o h a st e in a d o p t in g
e
t h ese vi e w s he w a s
,
qu i t e w illi ng t o se nd t he l e t t e r s H e .

co u l d n ot re si s t t he in flu e n ce Pr i n ce D a r a had o b t a i n e d
over him . S o l e t t er s o f t he u n pl e a sa n t pu r po rt a b o ve
d e scr ib e d wer e se n t off by t he ha n d s of some of t he I m
pe r i a l me ss e n ge rs T he me sse nge rs re ach ed P ri n ce Au r
.

a n z e b a s he
g w a s e n ga ged in d i r ec t i n g t he op e ra t i o n s
a ga i n st B ij a pu r .a nd he ha d t he pl a ce cl ose ly i n ve st e d .

T he a rriv a l of t he me sse n ge rs d i st u rb e d t he mi nd s of
t he sol d i er s a nd
,
gre a t ly i n ce n sed t he Pri n ce ; so mu ch ,

co n fu si o n ar ose . S ome of t he n obl es M a h aba t K ha n , ,

R a o S a t t ar S a l a n d o t h e rs w e n t off t o Agr a wi t h ou t
, .

l e a ve or no t i ce ,
M u a zza m K h a n al so who wa s t he
’

h e a d a nd d ire c t or of t his ca mpa ign act ed in a very n u ,

ge n e rou s a n d fooli sh w a y a n d w a n t e d t o go off t o Ag ra

, ,

q u i t e rega rd l e ss of t he d u t y a nd respe ct he owe d t o t he

Pr i nce .

T his wa n t o f su pport from his foll ow ers a n d t he ,

a n xi e t y he fe l t a b ou t t he E m e ror l e d t he P ri n c e t o
p ,

a cce p t t he
pro posa l s of t he pe opl e of B ij a pu r H a vi ng .

se t t l e d t hi s d ifficu l t ma t t er he ma rch ed t o wa rd s Au ra n
,

ga h a d ; a nd a s so on a s he a rriv ed t h e re he se nt me sse n ,
 ’
AM AI -
. l s au n

gers in a cou r t e ou s wa y 9
to M u azzam K ha n d esiri ng
’
,

him t o me a nd ha ve in t ervie w T he K han wou l d

“

co an .

not li st e n t o the invi t a t ion a nd a ct ed in a ma nner n u

.
,

wor t hy of a gre at nob l e S o t he P ri nce ord ere d P ri nce

.

S u l t a n M u hamma d t o se t fort h wi t h a l l spe ed a n d u se

e very e xp ed i e n t t o b r i ng t he K ha n t o his pre se nce .

Whe n t he d irect ions were ca rried ou t a nd t he Kha n ,

ar rived A u ran gzeb i mmed i a t el y pro vi d ed for his pu n ish

,

me n t a nd sen t him pr i son er t o t he for t of D au l a t a b a d

, .

H e se ized a l l his t re a sure el e pha nt s a n d o t her pro pert y , ,

a nd
ga ve t h e m i n t o t he ch arge of t he S t a t e t rea su rers ) .

RAJA JASWAN T
a nd
(Aft e r t he d e fea t o f S h a h S hu j a t he of
’
re t u r n ,

A u ra ngz e b t o Agra t he E mpe ro r se n t a force

. t o i n fl ic t .

sa l u t ar y p u n i sh me nt u p on Raj a as a n t T he R a ja
J w .

fe e l i ng hi msel f u n a bl e t o re si st i n his grea t p p

.

e r l ex it v ,

a nd a l a r m se n t some o f his serva n t s t o D a r a Shu k oh .

w ho , pre vi ou s t o t he R aj a s flight had arrive d a t ’

,

Ahmad a b a d a nd wi t h ou t wa i t i n g t o recove r from his

, ,

t o il some j our ne y t hr ou gh t he sa nd y d esert w a s b u si l y ,

o ccu pi e d in
ga t he r i n g force s D a r a S hu k oh h a vi ng ,

sa t i sfie d hi mse l f by t ak i n g from t he promi se bre ak i n g -

R a j a a co v e n a n t w hi ch t he R aj a confirmed wi t h t he
mos t sol emn Hi nd u pl ed ge s ma rche d t oward s his cou n ,

t ry. T he Emp eror wa s me a n whil e r noving t ow ard s R a j a

g

J asw a nt zs t err i t ory a nd he wr o t e t he R a j a a l e t t er in

, ,

w hi ch e xpo st u l a t io n s a nd t hre at s were mingl ed w i t h

'

k i nd n e ss T hi s l et t er grea t l y a l armed t he R a j a so t ha t
.
,

he d e pa r t e d f ro m D a r a an d re t u rn ed t o his ow n cou n t ry .

M ak i n g u se of Mir za R a j a J a i S in gh he wro t e a p e n i t ,

e n t an d su b mi ssive l e t t er t o t he E mpe ror begg i ng for

give nes s for his off en ces : a n d t he E m
,

peror in h is cl e
mency forgave him gra n t ed him t he su ba d a ri of .
‘

W ‘Az ra h i ma d a m ” . w hic h ma ny mea n e it he r

“
bv
” “
w ay o f cou rt esy or by way o f
 14 1

A
N AL - 1 S ALI H
’
Abd u l -
H amid
Lahor i Thi s was wri t t en in 1225 A H
. . .

(A D . by M u hammad Z ahid 2 A fragme n t of . .

a not h er a nd l e ngt hy S ha h Ja ha n na ma , by M iria J al a l u d

- - -

d in T a ba t aba 3 . A shor t
. work by B ha gwa n D a s ,

whi ch gives br i ef not ices of t he a nc est or s of Sha h j a han ,

beginn i ng wi t h Ad a m 4 A p oe m by Mir za M u ha m
. .

mad Ja n M a shhad i T hi s is cal l ed S ha h Ja ha n na ma

.
- -
,

bu t t he t t eil give n to it by t he a u t hor wou l d ‘

ra t he r
a ppear to be Za far na ma-
5 An other S ha h-j a hun
. .
u

na ma in verse , by M ir M aha mmad Yahya K ashi ) .

 S H AH IAHA N N A M A -

OF

M U H A MM AD S A DI K K H AN

( T he h or of t hi s hi st ory of S h a h j a h a n w a s M u ha m
aut .

ma d S a d ik w ho w a s Wa k i na v is in a t t e nd a nce u pon
’
-
,

P ri nc e S h a h J a h a n in his ca mpa i n a a i n st t he R ana

g g
d u ri n g t he li fe of J a h a ngi r H e a f t e rw a rd s re ce iv ed t he
.

t i t l e of S a d ik K h a n T he w o r k e mb ra ce s t he re ign o f
.

S hah j ah an from his a cc e ssion t o t he t h ron e u n t o t he

“

t e r mi n a t ion o f t he c o n fin e me n t i n t o which he f ell

”
t h r ou h t he st u pi d i t y o f D ar a S hu k oh A c opy of t he
g .

work in t he B r i t i sh M u seu m e n d s wi t h t he d eposi t io n

of S ha h J ah a n bu t t he a u t h or a d d s t h a t t he
, d e pose d
mon arch liv e d e igh t y e a rs in ca p t ivi t y S ir H E l liot s . .
’

M S goe s on w it h ou t a n y br e a k t o t he e nd oi t he re ign
.
-

o f Au ra n z eb ; b u t t o h a v e w r i t t e n a l l t hi s S a d ik K h a n
g ,

mu s t ha ve liv ed ov er a ce n t u r y T he hi st or y o f t he .

r e i n of Au r a n ze b t u r n s ou t t o b e t he sa me a s t ha t t he
”

g g
M u n ta k ha bu l L u bu b o f K ha fi K ha n
-
wi t h some sl ight ,

var i a t i on s n ot gre a t e r p e rh ap s t han Col Lee s fou nd in

. .

v a r i ou s M SS of t h a t w ork
!1
.

,
T he hi st ory is oi mo d e ra t e e x t e n t a nd is wr i t t e n in
—

a s i mpl e st yl e S i mil a r i t y or in d e n t it y in ma n y pa ss a ge s
.

sh ow s t h a t Khafi K h a n u se d t he w ork for his hist or y of

‘

\
t he re i gn of S h a h J a h a n T h e re is al so a mo n g S ir H
. .

M E l l iot s M SS on e cal l ed T a ba k a t i S ha h Ja ha n i
’

- -
. .
,

wr i t t e n by he sa me a u t h or
t T h is co n sist s of n ot i ce s o f
.

t he gre a t a n d d i st i n gu ishe d men o f t he r e i gn of Sha h

J a ha n T he n a mes are n u me rou s bu t t he n ot ice s a re

.
,

s h or t
) .

l ou r na l R oy a l As ia t ic S ocie t y N ,
. S . v ol . iii .
p 47 3
. .
 A
M AJ A L IS U S S AL -
TIN
or

M U H AM M A D S H A R IF HAN A FI

T he M a a l is u - s
j Su l u l t a , A sse mbli e s
'

or S ul t ans of t he
w as writ t e n by M u ha mma d S h ar i f H a n a fi
‘
‘

T he reason .

h e assig s for w1 i t i n it is t h a t
n n o o n e had
’

g , coura e
g
e n ou h i n his t i me t o w a d e t h rou h l o n
g g g hi st ori e s e sp
e
,

c ia l l
y me t ion in
n
g ho se o f Z a B a u i K az i Aj a z B a d
t i r
’ -
,

shahi a n d Abd u l K a d i r wh ic h ar e ea ch work s of cou si

’ -

m
, ,
'

d era bl e size a n d he t he refor d e t er ined ; no t wit hs t and

'
e
, .

in g his co n s t a n t a voca t io n s t o wr i t e a n a br id ged hist o 1 v

.

o f I nd i a I n t he mid s t o f a h u nd r ed i n t e rru t i on s he
se t hi mse l f t o t he w ork bu t short a s it is he was ne a rl y
, .
,
p ,

f a ili n g in his re sol u t ion t o c omp l e t e it a n d “

a w i nd ,

aro se occasi on a lly whi ch was n e a rly ma k i n

g his p e n fix

a w a y l ik e a n ar ro w fro a bo n m
g, a nd c on ver t i ng his p a p er .

i n t o a flyi ng k i t e ”
A t l as t he a sk e d his spi ri t u a l t ea c h
.

er s f o r t h e i r a id an d c ou n t e n a nce an d t h rou gh t he i r ,

e n cou ra
ge me n t heb rou gh t it t o a compl e t i on .

T he sa me i rr e sol u t io n a nd w a n t of l e i su r e see m t o
h av e d e p riv ed u s of t he accoun t o f his t ra ve l s which a s , ,

will be see n from on e of t he fol l owi ng e x t rac t s e x t e nd ed ,

t o a d i st a n c e q u i t e u n usu a l in his d a y s H e ha d t r a v e l .

l ed from M a d u r a in S ou t hern I n d ia t o K a sh mi r a n d ha d ,

d we l t for some t ime in t he i n t erme d i a t e c ou n t r ie s ; a n d

he t ell s u s t h a t if he had re cord ed a l l t he wo nd erfu l
t hi n s he ha d se e n
g he mi gh t h a ve fill e d
, a t h ou sa n d
v ol u me s . H e w a s e mpl oy ed in some p u bli c ca pac it y
d u ri n g t he wh ol e t i me t h a t he w a s mak i n g t he se t ou rs ,

f or he si gn i fie s t h a t he w as a p e r son of n o mean cou si

d er a t i on .

T he work w a s c omp ose d in t he e ar l y p ar t o f S h ah

j aba n s re ign in t he ye ar 1038 A H ( 1 6 28

’

, . .

accord i n
g t o a chron ogram a t t he cl ose of t he w ork in

which t he d a t e is record ed .
 1 45

M AJALI S U -
S S ALATIN

forga v e t he m for t he sa k e o f t h a t holy ma n I n shor t . ,

t hi s K i ng c a ll ed hi mse l f j u st a nd ge n e ra l l y b e fore exec u ,

t i ng pe rsons he cer t a i nl y d id re fe r t he ca se for t he d ecre e

o f t he e xpo u nd e rs o f t he l a w .

I t is sa i d of him t h a t o n e d a y h a vi ng p , u t o n his ,

shoes he w e n t o n f oot t o t he c o u r t o f K az i K a ma l u d
,
-

d in t he Chi e f J u st ice a n d t ol d him t ha t S ha ik h za d a

, ,
-

J am had ca ll e d him u nj u st ; he d e man d ed t h a t he shou l d

be s u mmo n ed a nd requ ire d t o pr ove t he i nj u st i ce o f
w hi ch be a ccu sed him a nd tha t if he cou l d no t pro ve it
, ,

he sho u l d be p u n ish ed a ccord ing t o t he in j u nct i on s of

t he l a w S h a i k h zad a j a m whe n he a rrived confe sse d
.
-
, ,

t ha t he had ma d e t he a sse r t ion T he S u l t a n i n qui red

W
.

his rea son t o which he re plied ,

“
h en a crimi na l is ,

brou ght b e fore you it is e n t i re l y a t y ou r roya l o p t io n

,

t o p u n i sh him j u st l y or u nj u s t l y ; bu t you go f urt he r

,

t h a n t hi s a n d give his wi fe a n d chil d r e n t o t he e xe c u

,

t io n e rs t ha t t he y ma y d o wh a t t he y li k e wi t h t h e m In ,

wh a t r e ligion is t hi s pract ice l a wfu l ? I f t his is not in

j u st i ce wha t is it ? T he S u l ta n r ema i n ed sil en t ; an d
"
,

wh e n he l e f t t he cou r t of t he K az i he ord ered the ,

S ha i k h za d a t o be i mpr ison ed in a n i ro n ( a ge a n d on
-
,

his j o u r n e y t o D au l a t a b ad he t ook t he pri so n er wi th him

o n t he b a ck of a n e l e ph a n t When he re t urned t o .

De hli on pa ssing b efore t he cou rt of t he K a z i he ord ered

, ,

t he S h a ik h za d a t o be b rou ght ou t of t he cage 1 an d cu t t o

-

piec es H e n ce it ma y be l ea rn t t hat he possesse d ve ry

.

o ppo si t e q u a li t i e s H e w a s ca ll ed by t he common peopl e

.

t he u n j u st T here a re ma n y s imil ar st or i es of t he
“
.

ac t r ocit ie s he co mmi t t e d T yra n n y t ook t he pl ace of ju s

.

t i ce an d i n fid eli t y t h a t of I sl a m
, A t l a st he w as seized .

wi t h fever a nd d e par t ed t o t he ne x t worl d whe n he wa s

, .
,

in t he vic i n i t y of T h a t t a o n t he 2 l M u h arr am A H, , . .

1
A few years find Ga l k a nd a zm
'

l a t er w e t he R a a ofj
p r is one d in a n iron ca ge by S u l t a n K a l i K u t b S ha h
”
.

B rigs F irisht a , iii 11 3 7 4

’ “
vo l . . . .
 141i

M UH AM M AD S H ARIF HAN AF I "

7 52 (20t hM a rch 1 3 5 1 , T he pe riod o f his r e ign:

w a s t w en t y se ven ye ars - .

ACCE SSIO N o r S HAH JA H AN

Whe n N u r u d d i n M u ha mmad J a h a ngi r d i ed t he second
-
,

L ord of t he C o nj u n c t i on t he r i gh t f u l h e ir
, S ha h K h u r ,

ra m who w a s e nt it l e d S ha h J a h a n
,
w as in t he D a k hi n a t ,

a d i s t a nce o f t hr e e mon t h s j o u r ne y fr om t he pl a ce wh e re
'

t he E m e ro r J a h a ngi r h a d d i e d t is w e l l k n ow n t o
p I .

po l it ic i a ns t ha t t he t hro ne of roya l t y can no t rema i n

va ca n t f or a mo me nt and t he re fore t he 1 n in i$ t e rs o f t he
,

go ver n me n t a nd t he pr in c i p a l o ffice rs of t he C o u r t c o ns i

d e re d it e xpe d ie n t t o p l ac e S u l t a n D a w a r B a k hsh t he ,

gra n d so n o f t he E mpe ror J a h a n gir up o n t he t h ron e for ,

so me d a ys ; a nd t h u s t o gu a rd a ga in st mu t i ni e s a nd d is

t u rba nce s whi c h might o t he rwi se ar ise T he y d e fe a t ed .

bh a hr iy ar Who t hrough his vai n a mbi t io n ha d proL

, , .

c la ime d hi mse l f K i n
g i n L ah ore T he E mp e mr S ha tt erbu
g
—
.
.

d in M u h a mma d S ha h J a h a n ( ma y his d o mi n i o n s and

H i h
g i nc re a se a n d ma y t he wor l d b be ne fit ed by his
, e

bo u n t y nd mu n itice nce !) a l so c a me w i t h a po w e rf u l
a

a rm
y m G u j a ra t a nd Ajmir a n d soo n ar r i ve d a t Agra
a , .

w h ic h w a s t he se a t o f his a nd h is f or e f a t h e r s
go v e r n
me n t H e mo u n t e d t he t h ron e o f sove re ign t y in t he fo rt
.
-

of A r
g o n M on d a y
a t he 7 t h o f
J u ma d a l a k hi r cor re s
-
,

pon d i ng w it h t he 25 t h of B a h ma n ; a nd d is t r ib u t e d
e w ard s a mo n
l a i g s c s a nd
g his s u bj e c t s M a y t he
‘

e s r .

A l migh t k e e p t hi s ge n ero u s an d wo r l d con q u e r i n K i ng

y g
-

u nd e r H r o t e c t i on a n d
p is ca re !

RE VEN U E S OF H I N DU ST AN AN D T H E DAK t
I t a l so e n t e red in t o t he mi n d of t hi s most h u mbl e s l a ve
”
o f G od t o w r it e a sh or t acco u n t o f t he d i ff ere n t
pro
vi nce s o f Hi nd u s t a n a nd ma k e it a po rt io n o f t his small
,

work d e t a ili ng ho w mu ch of t hi s c o u n t ry w a s in posses

.

s ion o f t he E mp e r o r
J a l a l u d d in M u h a mma d Ak ba r a nd
~

his so n N u ru d d in J a h a n i r a n d in t o how ma n y s u bas

g
-

it is n o w d ivid e d .
 147

M AJ AL IS U S S AL Al l N
' ’
°

B e it no t co nce a e dl t ha t t he wh ol e co u n t ry of H in
d u st a n , whi ch is t o f orm on e fo u r t h o f t he i nha
k now n -

b i t ed wor l d a nd r e ck o n e d a s t he l a rge s t of a l l t he cou n

,

t r i e s is d ivi d e d i n t o fo u r t ee n su ba s
. or pro vi nc e s , .

F i rst t he Provi n ce of D e hli ; reve n u e u pwa rd s o f

,

d a ms S e co n d t he P ro vi nce of Agra w hi ch
.
, ,

is t he se a t o f go ve rmu e n t ; rev e n u e d a ms .

T hi rd t he P rovi n ce o f t he P a nj a b
, o r La h ore ; pre se nt ,

r e ve n u e . d a ms Fo u r t h t he Provi nce of
. ,

K a b u l i nc l u d i n g K a sh mir ctc ; re v e n u e

F i ft h t he P ro vi n ce o f t he D ak hi n o r Ah m
, . .

d a ms .
, ad ,

n aga r ; r e v e n u e d a ms S ixt h t he Pr ovi n ce .

,

of K h a n d e sh a n d B ir a r ; re v e n u e d a ms .

S e ve n t h t he P rovi n ce o f M a lw a ;
, re ve n u e

d a ms . E i gh t h t he P rov i nce of G u j a ra t ; reve n u e

,

d a ms N i n t h t he P ro vi n ce o f B ih a r i n cl u d
.
, ,

in g P a t n a a n d J a u n p u r ; re ve nu e d a ms .

T e n t h t he P ro v inc e o f O u d h wi t h it s d e p e nd e n ci e s ; re
,

ve n u e d a ms E l e ve n t h P rovi n ce . of ,

A ji n ir wi t h it s d e p e nd e nci e s ; re v e n u e d a ms .

T wel ft h ,t he P rovi nce of All a h a b a d ; re v e n u e

d a ms T hi rt ee n t h t he P rovi n ce o f S i n d in
.
, ,

c l u d in Mul t a n T hat t a a nd Bh a k k a r ; r e ve n u e
g .

d a ms Fou r t e e n t h : t he P rovi nce o f B enga l

.
,

which is e qu a l t o t w o o r t h re e k i ngd o ms ; re ve n u e
d a ms .

T he ven u e o f a l l t he t e rri t ori e s u nd e r t he E m

re
‘

pe rors o f D e lhi a mo u n t s a ccord i n g t o t he R oy a l regi s t ers

,
.

t o s ix a r bs a n d t hi rt y k r o rs o f d a ms
,
O n e a r b is eq u a l t o .

a h u n d re d It ro rs ( a k ro r b e i ng t e n milli on s) a nd a hu n ,

l
d r e d k ro rs o f d a ms a re e q u iva l e n t t o t w o k r ors an d fif t y
l a cs of r u p ees E a ch of t he fo u r t e e n pr ovinces above
.

me n t io n e d for me d t he t e rri t o ry of a po we rfu l k i ng and ,

w a s co n q u e re d by t he swo rd of t he serv a n ts o f t he ,

C ha gha t a is N i n e of t h e se fou rt ee n provi n ce s h a v e b ee n

.

vis i t e d by t he poo r compil er of t h is b ook a nd t he fol .

‘

l o wi n g is a d e t a il o f t h em .
 M AJ AL IS U S AL AIZ
'

-
S IN

M u su l ma n t here O cca sionally a M u su l man ma y vis i t

.

t he cou n t r y, d e p ed by N i
u t z a m h
S ah ’
Ad il
'
,

K u t b Shah bu t t he n a t iv es ar e al l infid el s
,
'
T he M ad ari .

ma l a ngs a nd jogis go by t hi s road t o S arand ip and t he

'

hil l for t of Ce yl on which is t he pl ace wh ere t he imp

-
, res

sion of Ad a m s foot st e p is pre served

'

’
.

In A H . 103 1 t he writ er of t hi s book vi sit ed t he

.

d el i ght fu l l an d of K ashmir whe n he accompan ied t he ,

v ic t oriou s camp of t he E mpe ror who had a n army as

M u h a mmad
,

nu mer ou s a s t he st ars v zz N u ru d
. d in .
-

j ahangir, and was in t he i mmed i a t e service of t he mos t

'

e x al t ed a nd nobl e N a w ab t he G re a t K ha n, t he be st of
,

all t he d escend an t s of t he chosen prophe t t he chief of ,

t he hou se of Al i a n ob l e ma n of high ra n k and d i gn i t y

’
, .
,

viz K asim K ha n
. ma y G od pr e serve him !
.
 LU BB U T -
T A WAR I K H -
l HIN D
OF
R AI B HA RA M AL

T he au t hor 01 t hi s br i e f
hi st or y w a s B i nd r a b a n so n of .

R a i Bh a ra M a l a nd w a s hi mse l f a l so h o nou re d w it h t he
,

Vd e l ea r n from t he C on cl u si o n of t he K hu l
'

t it l e o f R a z .

a sa t u l I n ha t h a t R a i B h a ra M a l w a s t he d a
-
s . t um: o f D ar a
S hu k o h : a n d it is prob a bl e t h e re for e t h a t o u r a u t ho r, ,

w a s e a rl y in it ia t e d i n t o a k n o wl ed ge o f p u b l i c a ff a i rs .

H e sa ys t h a t t he re a so n o f his e n t e ri n g o n t h is u nd er
t a k i ng w a s t h a t a f t e r me d i t a t i n o n t he co n q u e s t s
g up
“
,

ma d e by t he T imu r ia n f a mi l y in t h is cou n t r y u p o n t heir .

b e ing t il l mo r e e n l arge d by Al mgir (Au r a n gze b) u p t o

s
'

t he y e a r l l Ol A H a nd u o n t he fa c t o f t he i r co n t i n u
p '

in g u n in t e r ru p t e d ly in t he po s se ssi o n of t he sa me f a mil y ,

h e t ho u gh t o f w r i t i ng a b oo k wh ich h ou l d b r ie fl y d e s s

e r ib e ho w a n d in wh a t d u ra t io n o f t ime
, t h o se co n q ue s t s ,

w re a ch ie ve d
e sh ou l d
give t he hi st o r y o f fo rme r k i ngs
. .

t h e i r o rigin a nd t he c a u se s w hi c h o cca s io n e d
, t h e ir r ise

o r fa l l t he ,
pe r iod of t he i r r ign t h e ir abili t ie s a nd e nt er e ,

pri se s a n d which sh o u l d mo re pa r t ic u l a rl y t r ea t of t he
,

gre a t co nq u e t s ma d e by Al a mgi r
’ "
s .

t h t for me r h ist o ri a n s
”
he con t in u e s
“
I t is t r u e . , a

hav e l e a d y w r i t t e n se v era l w o r k s re ga rd i ng t he hi s t o r y
a r

of a n c ie n t k i n s a nd e spec ia ll y Ab u l K a si m su r n a me d
g
-
, ,

F irisht a w h ose co mp o si t i o n s a re v e r y good a s far a s re

.

ga rd s t he l a ngu a ge bu t t he d e fe c t o f t h a t work is t h a t , .

n o t w i t h s t a nd i ng it b e ing a n a bs t ra c t it is in ma n y pa r t s
s .

”
t oo
pro ix
l Ad v e r t ing a l so t o t he fa c t t ha t his his t or y
.

d o e s n o t e x t e n d b e yon d t he t h o u sa n d t h e a r of t he Hij r a y ,

a nd h e n ce t he impor t a n t t ra n sa c t i on s of o ne hu n d re d
y e a rs a re a l t oge t h e r omi t t ed he t h o u gh t it e xpe d i e nt t o ,

e x t rac t it s ess e n ce a n d c ompil e w it h his o w n a d d i t i o n

, , s .

a n e w w o rk t o be ca ll e d , t he L u bbu f T a w a r ik h or -
.

”
M a rrow o f H is t or ie s .
 15 1

LU B B U -T T AWARIK H l -
H IN D

H e gives a s a no t he r re a so n fo r t he su pe riori t y o f his

work v
o e r ot hers, t ha t it t re a t s of t he e x t en si ve a nd re s

pl e nd e n t qu est s of t he E mpe ror Al amgir , whose

’
con

k i n gd om w a rd s t he E ast West and t he

ext e nd e d to . ,

S o u t h t o t he se as a n d t ow a rd s t he N or t h t o t he bo u n ,

d ari c s o f I ra n a nd T u ra n a va s t d omin ion t o t he t e n t h , ,

o f which no o t h er k i n d o m is e q u a l Perhaps R u m on l y
g .

migh t e n t er i n t o compe t i t i on wi t h it bu t e ve n in t ha t ‘

”
cas e se e i n g is b e t t e r t h h a i g
a n e r n .

C O N T EN T S
Pre f ace pp 1 3 , .
—
.

S e ct io n I T he K i ngs o f D e hli from M u i zz u d d in

’ -
—
,

M u h ammad S am t o All a n gzeb pp 4 256 a , .

-
.

S ec t io n 1 1 he K i n gs o f t he D a k hi n Vl Z t he B ah ma n i
.
, ,

Ad il S hahi N i za m S h a hi K u t b S ha hi t he I mad
’ ’
- - -
, , . ,

S h a hi a nd B ar id i a o r t he K i ngs o f K u l ba rga B ij a , ,
~

p ur A h m
, ad n a ar
g G ol k o n d a B i ra r a nd H i d r pp , , . , .

25 6 3 29 .

S e c t io n III —
T he K i n gs of G u j a ra t pp , . 3 303 5 2 .

S e c t i on I V .
-
T he K i n gs of M a lwa pp , . 352 37 4
S e c t ion K i ngs of K h a n d esh a nd B u r h a n pu r ,

pp 375 3 86
.
-
.

S e c t i o n VL T he K i ngs o f B e n ga l pp 3 8 6 39 8
— , .
-
.

S e c t i o n V1 1 T he K i n gs o f j a u n pu r 399 403
.
-
,
-
.

S ec t i o n VIII I he K i n gs o f S i n d pp 403 408

'
‘

— - .
. , .

S e c t io n 1X T he K i ngs o f M u l t a n pp 408
.
— , .

S ec t i o n X T he K i ngs o f K a sh mi r pp 4 104 1 2
.
—
, .
-
.

S i ze _ 8 vo pp 4 1 2 of 1 5 l in e s e ach
. . . . .

M a j or S co t t has ma d e gre a t u se of t his work in his

Hi st ory t he D ak hi n ” bu t so b ri e f a w ork is o f li t t l e ,

u se . T he a u t hor qu o t e s n o a u t hor i t ies in his pre face

e xc e p t F irisht a bu t he me n t io n s a l so in t he bod y of t he
.

work t he Ak ba r na ma a nd Ia ha ngir na ma as be i ng so - -

c ommon a s t o r e nd e r i t u n n e cessar y for him t o e n l arge

o n t he per i od s o f whi ch t h e y t re a t .

T he e xac t year in whi ch t he work w as composed is

s ome w ha t d ou bt fu l I t is n o t q u i t e cl ear from t he pre .
 LU B B U T -
'

l Al N AR l K H
'
'
I 14 a

to pro t ec t a nd no u r ish his peo pl e ; t o p u nish al l k i nd s of

oppress ive e vil d oe rs ; his k nowl ed e on al l su bj e c ts t e nd
-
g
ing t o t he we lfa re of his pe opl e ; his impre ss in g t he sa me
n ec ess i t y u p on t he r e ve n u e f u n ct i on ar i e s a nd t he ap ,

point me n t of ho ne s t a nd in t e llige nt office rs in every di s

f

t r iet ; his a d mi ni s t ra t i o n of t he co u n t r y an d ca lli n f or

g ,

e xa m i n i ng a n n u a l s t a t e me n t s o f r e ve n u e in ord e r
’

a nd ,

t o asce r t ai n wha t w e re t he r e so u rce s o f t he e mpir e ; hi s

s h ow i n
g his roya l a ff e ct i o n t o t he pe opl e a nd e xpress i ng ,

his d ispl e asu re whe n n e ce ssar y ; his i ssu i n g st r i nge nt

ord e rs t o t he office rs a ppo in t e d t o t he ch arge o f t he cro w n
a n d a ss ign e d l a n d s t o promo t e t he i n cre ase a nd we l far e
,

of t he t e n a n t s ; h is ad mo n i shi n g t he d i so b e d ie nt a nd ,

con st a n t ly d irec t i n g his ge n e ro u s a t t e n t io n t o w ard s t he

i mprov e me n t of agri cul t u re a nd t he coll ec t ion of t he re
v e n u e s of t he co n t r ib u t e d in a gre a t
me asu re t o a d v a nce t he prospe r i t y of his e mpire T he .

a r a n a t he i nco me o f whi ch w a s t h re e l a cs of r u p e e s in
pg .

t he re ign o f Ak b a r ( wh ose se a t is in t he hi gh e s t he a ve n
y ie ld ed in t his h a ppy r e ig n a r e ve n u e o f t e n l a w ! T he
, ,

co l l e c t i o n s ma d e in o me d i s t r ic t s h o we ve r fe ll sh or t
s , ,

o f t hi s pr o por t io na t e i n cre a se T he c ha k l a d a r who by

. s ,

ca re fu lly cu l t iv a t i ng t h e i r l a n d s a id e d in i n cr e a si n g t he
,

re ve nu e re ce ive d
,
ma r k e d co nsi d e ra t i on a n d v ice ve rsa , .

N o t w i t h s t a nd i n g t he comp a r a t i ve i ncre a se in t he e x
pe n se s of t he S t a t e d uri ng t his re ig n gra t u i t ie s for t he ,

e re c t i o n of pu bli c e d i fic e s a n d o t h e r work s in pro r e ss

g ,

a n d for t he pa i d mili t a ry se rvi ce a nd e st a bl i shme n t s ,

s u c h a s t h o se ma i n t a in e d in B a l k h B ad a k hsh a n a nd
, ,

K a nd a ha r a mo u n t e d
, at on e
, d i sb u rseme n t o n ly to ,

fou rt e e n Irrors o f r u p e es a nd t he ad van ce s mad e o n

.

acco u n t of e d i fice s o nly w e re t w o k ra rs a n d fi f t y l a cs o f

r u p ee s . From t hi s si ngl e i n st an ce of expe nd i t u re a n id e a ,

ma y be fo rmed a s t o wh a t t he ch arge s mu st ha ve b e e n
u n d er o t h e rs B e sid e s in t i me s of w a r l a rge su ms we re
.
, ,

e xpe nd e d in ad d i t i on t o fix e d sa l a ri es a nd o rd i n a ry ou t
,

l ay . I n sh o r t t he e xpe nd i t u re of forme r r e igns in co m

, ,
 1 54

R A] B HARA M AL

pa ri son i
w it h t ha t of t he one in q u e s t io n , was no t e ve n
in t he
p p o r t io n of
ro on e to
.
f o ur ; a nd ye th is t K i ng , in
sho r t s a c e o f t i me ma sse d whi ch wou ld
. 1
p , a a t re a su re it
h a ve
. t ak en se ve ra l ye ar s fo r his p
re d e ce s sor s to a cc u mu
l ate ! 1

S HAH j AH AN
’
s J U STIC E

wi t h st a nd i ng t he gre a t are a o f t hi s cou n t ry

N ot
“

pl a i n t s w er e so f ew t h a t o n ly on e d a y in t he we e k v iz , .

We d ne sd a y was fixe d u pon for t he a d mi n i s t ra t i on o f

,

j u s t ice ; a nd i t w a s rare ly e ve n t h e n t h a t t we n t y pl a i n t iff s

co u ld b e fo u n d t o p re f e r s u it s t he n umb e r ge n e r a lly ,

b e i ng mu ch l e ss T he wr it e r o f t hi s hi st or ic a l sk e t ch on
.

mo r e t h a n o n e oc c a si o n wh e n h o n o u r ed wi t h a n a ud i ,

e n ce o f t he K i n
g h e a rd H is M a j est y chid e t he d a r ogha
,

o f t he C o u r t t h a t al t h o u h so ma n y c o n fid e n t i a l pe rso ns
g
ha d b ee n a p po i n t e d t o i nvi t e p l a i n t iff s a n d a d a y o f t he ,

w e e k w a s se t a par t e xcl u sive l y wit h t he Vi ew o f d i spe n s

in g j u st ic e y e t e v e n t he ma ll n u mb e r o f t w e n t y pl a m
, s

t iff s co u l d bu t v e ry se l d om be b r ou h t in t o Co u r t T he
g .

(l a rog ha r e p lie d t h a t if he f a i l e d t o pro d u ce on ly o n e

l e w ou l d e w o r t hy o f n ishn n m
p a in t iff h , b p u

I n ho r t i t w a s o w in g t o t he gr e a t so l v
s , d e vin c u u e

ed by t he K i ng t owa rd s t he promo t io n o f t he n a t ion a l

We a l a n d t he ge ne ra l t ra n q u illi t y t ha t t he p e o l e w e re
p ,

r es t r a i n e d fr om c ommi t t i n g off e n ce s a ga i n st o n e a no t h e r
a nd b re a k ing t he pu bli c pe a ce B u t if off e n d e rs we re ,

d i sco v e re d t he l o c a l a u t h o r i t i e s u se d
,
ge n e ra lly t o t ry
t h e m o n t he s o t w here t he off e n ce ha d b e e n co mmi t t e d
p
accor d in g t o l a w ; a nd in c o n c u rre n c e wi t h t he l aw oili
ce r s : a n d if a n y i nd iv id u a l d i ssa t i sfi e d wi t h t he d e ci ,

s io n
pa sse d o n his ca se a p pe a l e d t o t he G overn or o r
.

l it ur m or t o t he k a z z of t he Su ba t he ma t t er w a s re vie w
’

( , ,

e d nd
. a
ju d g me n t a w a rd ed w it h gre a t ca r e a nd d iscri
mi n a t ion l e s t it shou l d be me n t io ne d in t he prese nce o f
,

t he K ing t h a t j u st i ce had n o t b ee n d o n e I f pa r t ie s
‘

w e re n o t sa t i sfie d e ve n w it h t h e se d e c i si on s t h e y a ppe a l , .
 LU B B U T
’
‘

l k
‘
WAR I KH -
l HI N D

'

ed t he ch e f d iwa n, or i i ma t t e rs
’

to to t he ch e f k azz on
of l aw The se officer s i ns t i t u t ed fur t her inqu iries W it h
. .

al l t his ca re , wh a t ca se s e xce pt t ho se re l a t i n
g t o bl ood
,

a nd rel i i on
g cou l d b ecome su bj e ct s of ref ere nce t o H is
,

M a est ?
' j y
AN EX T R ACT FR O M ALA M GI R N A MA O F
’
-
MD .

K AZ IM

f S ha h Ja ha n I l l n ess o

(O n the 8 th Z i l hijja 106 7 A H ( 8 t h S e pt ember 16 57 )

-
.
, .

t he E mperor Sha h j a ha n w a s se i ze d W it h il l ness a t B enl ik

His i l l ness l as t ed for a l ong t ime and e very d a y he gre w ,

we ak er , so t hat he w a s u na bl e bu siness t o a t t e nd t o t he

of t he S t a t e I rre gu l a ri t i es o f
a l l sort s oceu rre d in t he
‘

.
‘

ad mi n i st ra t i on, a nd gre a t d is tu r ba nc e s a rose in t he wi d e

t erri t ori es o f Hi nd u s t an T he u nwort hy and f rivo lous

.

Da m Shu k oh consid ered hi mse l f he i ra pp are nt and no t ,

wi thst andi ng his wan t of a bil it y for t he k ingl y office? he '

end eavou rcd wi t h t he sc i ssors o f gree d i ne ss t o cut t he

-

ro b e s of t he I mpe ri a l d i n i t y i n t o a sha p e su i t ed ,for his

g
u n w o rt hy p er so n
1
W i t h t his ove r we e n i ng a mbi t ion
.

co nst a n t l y in his mi n d a nd in pu r su i t o f his v a i n d e si n

,
g ,

he never l ef t t he sea t of go v er n me n t Wh e n t he E mpe ror .

fe l l il l a nd was u n a ble t o a t t e n d t o bu si n ess D a ra ,

S ha k oh t ook t he op port u n i t y of seiz i ng t he re ins of

power a nd i n t erfered wi t h e ve ry t hing H e cl ose d t he
, .

roa d s a ga i n s t t he sprea d o f n e ws a nd se i zed l e t t e rs a d ,

d re ssed t o i nd ivid u a l s H e forb a d e t he office rs of gov

.

er n me n t t o w ri t e o r se n d an
y i n t e llige n ce t o t he p ro

vi nces, and u pon t he mere su spicion of t he i r h a vi ng

d one so he se i zed a nd i mp r i son ed t hem
, T he roya l ,

pr inces t he gre a t n obl e s a nd al l t he me n w ho were

, ,

sc a t t ere d t hrou gh t he p rovi nce s a n d t err i t ori es o f t his

grea t empire ma n y e ven of t he offici a l s a nd serva n t s w ho

.

1
(Pa ssages l ik e t his fre qu en t l y o ccu r, bu t a ft e r t his
t hey ha ve bee n t u rned in t o la in l a nguage in p t he t ra ns
l ot ion ) .