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Urine Testing

1. Urine analysis is one of the oldest medical procedures used to evaluate health and diagnose diseases of the kidneys, urinary tract, and other systemic illnesses. 2. Community health nurses carry out simple urine tests during home visits to check for glucose and albumin levels and screen for issues like diabetes and impaired renal function. 3. Proper urine collection and handling is important to ensure accurate test results, as contaminated or improperly stored samples can produce false readings.

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81 views

Urine Testing

1. Urine analysis is one of the oldest medical procedures used to evaluate health and diagnose diseases of the kidneys, urinary tract, and other systemic illnesses. 2. Community health nurses carry out simple urine tests during home visits to check for glucose and albumin levels and screen for issues like diabetes and impaired renal function. 3. Proper urine collection and handling is important to ensure accurate test results, as contaminated or improperly stored samples can produce false readings.

Uploaded by

ayreensomelhig25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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URINE TESTING

URINALYSIS
Urine analysis, also called Urinalysis – one of 5 TYPES OF URINE COLLECTION
the oldest laboratory procedures in the practice
1. Random specimen -No specific time most
of medicine.
common, taken anytime of day Routine
• Also known as Urine- R&M (routine &
screening
microscopy)
• Is an array of tests performed on urine, and 2. Morning sample -First urine in the morning,
one of the most common most concentrated Pregnancy test, microscopic
test
01 Community Health Center
3. Clean catch midstream- Discard first few
Urine testing for sugar and albumin are the
ml, collect the rest Culture
tests which are a part of routine urinalysis done
at clinics (PHC) or in the home setup by the 4. 24 hours - All the urine passed during the
community health nurse during home visit day and night and next day Ist sample is
The community health nurse carries a collected. used for quantitative and qualitative
simple urinalysis kit in her bag and makes a analysis of substances
urine test during home visits, to find out the
abnormalities in the urine 5. Postprandial - 2 hours after meal Determine
glucose in diabetic monitoring
PURPOSES
PRINCIPLES INVOLVED
To measure amount of glucose present in
urine for patient suspected to have diabetes Specimen serves as a media for transmission
mellitus of disease producing organisms to the
To measure presence of albumin for patient personnel who handle them carelessly
suspected impaired renal function The accuracy and reliability of findings
depend upon the correct method of collection
PURPOSE OF URINALYSIS and transportation of specimens
Urine specimens allowed to stand at the
1. General evaluation of health
room temperature for a long time will give a
2. Diagnosis of disease or disorders of
false result due to decomposition of urine
the kidneys or urinary tract
Contaminated and improperly collected
3. Diagnosis of other systemic disease that
specimens will produce false results which will
affect kidney function
adversely affect the diagnosis and treatment of
4. Monitoring of patients with diabetes
patients
5. Screening for drug abuse (eg.
Sulfonamide or aminoglycosides) All equipment used for urine testing must be
clean
Collection of urine specimens Make a second test when there is a doubt
• Improper collection---- may invalidate the NORMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF URINE
results
•Containers for collection of urine should be COLOR – amber/ straw
wide mouthed, clean and dry. ODOR – aromatic (upon voiding)
• Analyzed within 2 hours of collection else
requires refrigeration.
—community health nurse.
TRANSPARENCY – clear BENEDICTS TEST ACETIC ACID TEST
pH – slightly acidic (4.6-8; average of 6)
SPECIFIC GRAVITY – 1.010-1.025 (urinometer) ▪ Test for glucose in ▪ Test for albumin/
urine phosphate in urine

▪ 5 ml. of Benedicts ▪ 5ml of urine heated


until boiling point
ABNORMAL CONSTITUENTS OF URINE solution
▪ 3 drops of acetic
BACTERIA ▪ 8 drops of urine
acid heated until
PROTEIN boiling point
▪ Heat and boil
GLUCOSE
PUS ▪ Blue indicates ▪ If the urine still
remains cloudy, it
EQUIPMENT NEEDED absence of sugar, indicates the
SUGAR TEST ALBUMIN TEST green 1%, yellow presence of albumin.

2%, orange 3% ▪ If becomes clear, it


▪ Test tubes, ▪ Test tubes,
and Brick red 5% indicates the
▪ test tube holder ▪ test tube holder
presence of
▪ Benedict’s solution ▪ Acetic Acid solution phosphate

▪ Alcohol lamp ▪ Alcohol lamp

▪ Match box ▪ Match box

▪ Specimen ▪ Specimen
collection collection
bottle bottle

▪ Dropper ▪ Dropper

▪ Fresh urine sample ▪ Fresh urine sample

▪ Urosticks ▪ Urosticks

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
- Ask the patient to clean the genital area with
soap and water then water alone, before
collecting specimen
- Instruct the patient to pass time into clean
urinal or clean kidney tray or directly into
specimen bottle
- Advice to take care not to spill the urine on
the outside of the container

URINE TESTING PROCEDURE

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