11X MATHS with Vaibhav Bhaiya

11X MOE – C – Trignometric Functions (sol)

OBJECTIVE EXERCISES
ANGLES

1. If the initial side is overlapping on the 4 radians = 720/π degrees = 229.183° = 229°
terminal side, then angle is ________ (0.183*60)’ = 229 (10.98)’ = 229°10’59”.
a) 0° b) 180° 6. If angle of arc is 60° and the length of arc
c) 90° d) 270° is 20 cm. Find the radius of the circle from
Answer: a which arc is intercepted.
Explanation: The angle is formed if we start to a) 18.08 cm b) 17.07 cm
rotate from initial side till terminal side comes. c) 19.09 cm d) 18 cm
If they both overlap then angle is said to be 0°. Answer: c
Explanation: 180 degree = π radian
2. If we start to rotate and after completing 1 degree = π/180 radians
one revolution again initial side overlap 60 degrees = 60* π/180 radians = π/3 radians
with terminal side, then the angle formed Angle=Arc length/Radius
is _________ π/3 = 20/Radius => Radius = 60/π = 19.09 cm.
a) 0° b) 180°
c) 90° d) 360° 7. If length of arc is 40 cm and radius of
Answer: d circle of arc is 10 cm then find the angle
Explanation: The angle is formed if we start to made by the arc.
rotate from initial side till terminal side comes. a) 720° b) 240°51’53”
If we start to rotate and after completing one c) 229°10’59” d) 233°11’48”
revolution again initial side overlap with Answer: c
terminal side, then the angle formed is 360°. Explanation: We know, Angle=Arc
length/Radius
3. 1 radian is _______________ Angle = 40/10 = 4 radians
a) 54°48’ b) 57°16’ π radians = 180 degrees
c) 180° d) 17°46’ 1 radian = 180/π degrees
Answer: b 4 radians = 720/π degrees = 229.183° = 229°
Explanation: We know, π radian = 180 degree (0.183*60)’ = 229°(10.98)’= 229°10’59”.
1 radian = 180/π degree = 57.27° = 57°
(0.27*60)’ = 57°16’. 8. The second hand of the watch is 2 cm
long. How far the tip will move in 40
4. 1 degree is _________ radian. seconds?
a) π b) 0.046 a) 6.28 cm b) 12.56 cm
c) 0.1746 d) 0.01746 c) 3.14 cm d) 1.57 cm
Answer: d Answer: b
Explanation: 180 degree = π radian Explanation: Radius of circle=2 cm
1 degree = π/180 radian = 0.01746 radian. In 60 seconds, angle covered by second hand
is 360°
5. 4 radians = _____________ In 40 seconds, angle covered by second hand
a) 720° b) 240°51’53” is 360°*4/6 = 240°
c) 229°10’59” d) 233°11’48” 240°=240*
Answer: c Angle=Arc length/Radius
Explanation: We know, π radians = 180 240*π/180 = Arc length/2
degrees Arc length=8 π/3 = 12.56 cm.
1 radian = 180/π degrees

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9. If in two circles, arcs of the same length 10. If minute hand covers 24 cm length in
subtend angles 45° and 60° at Centre, find 30 minutes, then how much length minute
the ratio of their radii. hand have?
a) 2:3 b) 2:5 a) 19.1 cm b) 38.2 cm
c) 3:4 d) 4:3 c) 57.3 cm d) 45 cm
Answer: d Answer: b
Explanation: Given θ1=45° and θ2=60°, L1=L2 Explanation: In 60 minutes, angle covered by
We know, θ = l/r minute hand is 360°.
r1 θ1 = r2 θ2 In 30 minutes, angle covered by minute hand
r1/r2=60/45=4/3. is 180°.
So, radii are in ratio 4:3. L=24 cm, θ=180°=π
θ=L/r => π=24/r => r=24/π = 38.2 cm.

TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTIONS - I

1. If sin x=0 then x = ________ 5. 1-cos2x=_________

a) nπ b) (2n+1) π/2 a) sin x b) cos x
c) (n+1) π d) nπ/2 c) sin 2x d) sin2x
Answer: a Answer: d
Explanation: When know, sin x =0 whenever x Explanation: We know, sin2x+ cos2x=1
is 0, π, 2π, 3π,….. i.e. all integral multiples of π So, 1-cos2x=sin2x.
so, x=nπ when sin x=0.
6. 1-sec2x=_________
2. If cos x=0 then x = ________ a) cot2x b) tan2x
a) nπ b) (2n+1) π/2 c) -tan2x d) -cot2x
c) (n+1) π d) nπ/2 Answer: c
Answer: b Explanation: We know, sec2x – tan2x=1
Explanation: When know, cos x =0 whenever x So, 1-sec2x=-tan2x.
is π/2, 3π/2, 5π/2, ………… i.e. all odd integral 7. 1+ tan2x=_______________
multiples of π/2 a) sec2x b) -sec2x
so, x=(2n+1) π/2 when cos x=0. c) cosec2x d) -cosec2x
Answer: a
3. If tan x = 0 then x = _________ Explanation: We know, sec2x – tan2x=1
a) nπ b) (2n+1) π/2 So, 1+ tan2x=sec2x.
c) (n+1) π d) nπ/2
Answer: a 8. cot2x – cosec2x = __________
Explanation: We know, tan x = sin x / cos x. So, a) 1 b) -1
2
tan x will be zero wherever sin x is zero except c) sin x d) cos2x
the points where cos x is also zero. We know Answer: b
there is no point where sin x as well as cos x Explanation: We know, cosec2x – cot2x = 1
both are zero. So, tan x = 0 => x=nπ. So, cot2x – cosec2x = -1.

4. 1-sin245° = ___________ 9. cosec2x – 1 = ______________

a) ½ b) 1 a) cot2x b) -cot2x
c) 0 d) √3 /2 c) tan2x d) -tan2x
Answer: a Answer: a
Explanation: We know, sin245° + cos245°=1 Explanation: We know, cosec2x – cot2x = 1
So, 1- sin245° = cos245° = (1/√2)2 = 1/2. So, cosec2x – 1 = cot2x.

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10. tan x is not defined for_______ c) 1/√2 d) -1/√2
a) 0 b) nπ/2 Answer: d
c) (2n+1) π/2 d) nπ Explanation: We know, sin(-x) = sin x
Answer: c So, sin (-45°) = -sin 45° = -1/√2.
Explanation: We know, tan x is not defined 12. cos (-60°) = ________________
when cos x = 0. a) -√3/2 b) 1/2
cos x = 0 whenever x is π/2, 3π/2, 5π/2, ………… c) √3/2 d) -1/2
i.e. all odd integral multiples of π/2 Answer: b
so, x=(2n+1) π/2. Explanation: We know, cos (-x) = cos x
So, cos(-60°) = cos 60°=1/2.
11. sin (-45°) = ______________
a) 1 b) -1

TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTIONS - II

1. cosec(-30°) =___________
a) -2 b) 2 5. If cosec x = -5/12 and x lies in
c) 2/√3 d) -2/√3 2nd quadrant, then find cos x.
Answer: a a) 12/13 b) 5/13
Explanation: We know, cosec(-x) = cosec x c) -13/5 d) 12/13
So, cosec(-30°) = -cosec 30°=-2. Answer: c
Explanation: cosec x = 5/12
2. sec(-45°) =_____________ sin x = 1/cosec x = 12/5
a) 1 b) -1 c) √2 d) -√2 We know, sin2x+cos2x=1
Answer: c cos2 x = 1-(-12/5)2 = 1+144/25 = 169/25
Explanation: We know, sec(-x) = sec x cos x = ±13/5
So, sec(-45°)=sec 45°=1/(cos 45°)=√2. cos x is negative in 2nd quadrant so, cos x=-
13/5.
3. cot x is not defined for_______
a) 0 b) nπ/2 6. If sec x = 13/5 and x lies in 4th quadrant,
c) (2n+1) π/2 d) nπ then find cot x.
Answer: d a) 5/12 b) -5/12
Explanation: We know, cot x is not defined c) 5/13 d) -5/13
when sin x = 0. Answer: b
sin x = 0 whenever x is 0, π, 2π, 3π, …. i.e. all Explanation: sec x = 13/5.
integral multiples of π We know, sec2x – tan2x=1
so, x=nπ. tan2x = (13/5)2-1 = (169/25) – 1 = 144/25
tan x = ±12/5
4. If sin x=-4/5 and x lies in 3rd quadrant, tan x is negative in 4th quadrant so, tan x=-12/5
then find sec x. cot x = 1/tan x = 1/(-12/5) = – 5/12.
a) 5/3 b) 3/5
c) -3/5 d) -5/3 7. If tan x = -5/12 and x lies in 2nd quadrant,
ANSWER then find cosec x.
Answer: d a) 12/5 b) 13/5
Explanation: sin x=-4/5 c) -13/5 d) -12/5
We know, sin2x + cos2x=1 Answer: b
cos2x = 1-(-4/5)2 = 1-16/25=9/25 Explanation: tan x = -5/12
cos x=±3/5 cot x = 1/tan x = 1/ (-5/12) = -12/5
cos x is negative in 3rd quadrant so, cos x=-3/5. We know, cosec2x – cot2x = 1
sec x = 1/cos x = 1/(-3/5) = – 5/3. cosec2x =1+(-12/5)2 = 1+144/25 = 169/25

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cosec x = ± 13/5
cosec x is positive in 2nd quadrant so, cosec x = 11. cos ( -1500°) =______________
13/5. a) ½ b) -1/2
c) √3/2 d) -√3/2
8. sin (15π/6) =_____________ Answer: a
a) 1 b) -1 c) 0 d) 1/2 Explanation: cos(-1500°) = cos(1500°) {cos(-x) =
Answer: a cos x}
Explanation: sin(15π/6) = sin (2π + 3π/6) = sin = cos (4*360° + 60°) = cos 60° = 1/2. {cos
(3π/6) {sin(2nπ+x)=sin x} (2nπ+x) = cos x}
= sin (π/2) = 1.
12. sin 1710° =__________________
9. cos (17π/3) =______________ a) 1 b) -1 c) 0 d) 1/2
a) ½ b) -1/2 Answer: b
c) √3/2 d) -√3/2 Explanation: sin 1710° = sin (360°*5 – 90°) {sin
Answer: a (2nπ-x)= – sin x}
Explanation: cos (17π/3) = cos (2π*3 – π/3) =-sin 90° = -1.
{cos (2nπ-x)=cos x}
= cos(π/3) = 1/2. 13. tan 1560°=_________________
a) -√3 b) √3
10. tan (19π/6) =____________________ c) 1/√3 d) -1/√3
a) √3 b) -1/√3 Answer: a
c) – √3 d) 1/√3 Explanation: tan 1560° = tan (360°*4 + 120°) =
ANSWER tan 120° {tan (2nπ+x) = tan x}
Answer: d = tan (180°-60°) = -tan 60° = – √3. {tan π-x = –
Explanation: tan (19π/6) = tan (2π + 7π/6) = tan tan x}
7π/6 {tan( 2nπ+x)=tan x}
= tan (π+π/6) = tan π/6 = 1/√3. {tan π+x = tan
x}

TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF TWO ANGLES - I

1. cos(75°) =__________________
a) (1 – √3)/ 2√2 b) (√3 + 1)/ 2√2 3. sin (75°) =__________________
c) (√3 – 1)/2√2 d) (-√3 – 1)/2√2 a) (1 – √3)/2√2 b) (√3 + 1)/2√2
Answer: c c) (√3 – 1)/2√2 d) (- √3 – 1)/2√2
Explanation: cos(75°) = cos (45°+30°) = cos45° Answer: b
cos30° – sin45° sin30° Explanation: sin (75°) = sin (45°+30°) = sin45°
= (1/√2 * √3/2) – (1/√2 * 1/2) {cos(x + y)=cos x cos30° + cos45° sin30°
cos y – sin x sin y} = (1/√2 * √3/2) + (1/√2 * 1/2) {sin(x + y)=sin x
= (√3 – 1)/2√2. cos y + cos x sin y}
= (√3 + 1)/2√2.
2. cos(15°) =_____________
a) (1 – √3)/2√2 b) (√3 + 1)/2√2 4. sin(15°) =_________________
c) (√3 – 1)/2√2 d) (-√3 – 1)/2√2 a) (1 – √3)/2√2 b) (√3 + 1)/2√2
Answer: b c) (√3 – 1)/2√2 d) (- √3 – 1)/2√2
Explanation: cos(15°) = cos (45°-30°) = cos45° Answer: c
cos30° + sin45° sin30° Explanation: sin (15°) = sin (45°-30°) = sin45°
= (1/√2 * √3/2) + (1/√2 * 1/2) {cos(x – y)=cos x cos30° – cos45° sin30°
cos y + sin x sin y} = (1/√2 * √3/2) – (1/√2 * 1/2) {sin(x – y)=sin x
= (√3 +1)/2√2.

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cos y – cos x sin y} c) 1+√3 d) √3-1
= (√3 -1)/2√2. Answer: b
Explanation: We know, cot (x +y) = (cot x cot y -
5. Is cos (90° – x) = sin x. 1)/(cot y + cot x)
a) True b) False cot(45°+30°) = (cot 45° cot 30°-1)/(cot 45° + cot
Answer: a 30°)
Explanation: cos (90° – x) = cos 90° cos x + sin cot 75° = (√3 – 1)/( √3 + 1) = 2-√3.
90° sin x {cos(x – y)=cos x cos y + sin x sin y}
= 0*cos x + 1*sin x 10. cot 15° =______________
= sin x. a) 2+√3 b) 2-√3
c) 1+√3 d) √3-1
6. Is sin (90°+x) = cos x. Answer: a
a) True b) False Explanation: We know, cot (x – y) = (cot x cot y
Answer: a +1)/cot y – cot x)
Explanation: sin (90°+x) = sin 90° cos x + cos cot(45°-30°) = (cot 45° cot 30°+1)/(cot 45° – cot
90° sin x {sin(x + y)=sin x cos y + cos x sin y} 30°)
= 1*cos x + 0*sin x cot 15° = (√3 + 1)/( √3 – 1) = 2+√3.
= cos x.
11. Find cos 2x if sin x=1/2.
7. tan(75°) =___________________ a) ½ b) 1/√2 c) √3/2
a) 2+√3 b) 2-√3 d) 1
c) 1+√3 d) √3-1 Answer: c
Answer: a Explanation: We know, cos 2x = cos2x – sin2x =
Explanation: tan (x +y) = (tan x + tan y)/(1- tan x 1-2sin2x {cos2x = 1-sin2x}
tan y) = 1-2(1/2)2 = 1-2(1/4) = 1-1/2 = 1/2.
tan (45°+30°) = (tan 45° + tan 30°)/(1- tan 45°
tan 30°) 12. Find cos 2x if cos x = 1/√2.
tan 75° = (1+ 1/√3)/(1-1/√3) = (√3 + 1)/ (√3 – 1) a) ½ b) 0 c) √3/2 d) 1
= 2+√3. Answer: b
Explanation: We know, cos 2x = cos2x – sin2x =
8. tan(15°) =___________________ 2cos2x – 1 {sin2x = 1-cos2x}
a) 2 + √3 b) 2 – √3 = 2(1/√2)2-1 = 2(1/2) – 1 = 1-1 = 0.
c) 1 + √3 d) √3 – 1
Answer: b 13. Find cos 2x if tan x=1/√3.
Explanation: We know, tan (x -y) = (tan x – tan a) ½ b) 0 c) √3/2 d) 1
y)/(1+ tan x tan y) Answer: a
tan (45°-30°) = (tan 45° – tan 30°)/(1+ tan 45° Explanation: We know, cos 2x = cos2x – sin2x =
tan 30°) (cos2x – sin2x)/(cos2x+sin2x) {1 = sin2x + cos2x}
tan 75° = (1- 1/√3)/ (1+ 1/√3) = (√3 – 1)/ (√3 + 1) = (1-tan2x)/(1+tan2x)
= 2-√3. = (1-(1/√3)2)/(1+(1/√3)2)
= (1-1/3)/(1+1/3) = (2/3)/(4/3) = 1/2.
9. cot 75° =___________________________
a) 2+√3 b) 2-√3

TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF TWO ANGLES - II

1. If sin x=1/2 and cos x=3–√/2, then find sin Explanation: We know, sin2x = 2 sin x cos x
2x. sin 2x = 2*1/2*3–√/2
a) √3/2 b) ½ c) 1/√2 d) 1 sin 2x = 3–√/2.
Answer: a

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2. If tan x=1/√3, then sin 2x Answer: b
=___________________ Explanation: We know, cos 3x=4cos3x – 3cos x
a) 1/√2 b) ½ c) √3/2 d) 1 = 4(1/2)3–3(1/2)
Answer: c = 4/8 – 3/2 = 1/2 – 3/2 = -1.
Explanation: We know, sin 2x = (2 tan x) / (1 +
tan2x) 8. Find tan 3x if tan x= 1.
sin 2x=(2*1/√3) / (1+1/3) = (2*3)/4*√3 = √3/2. a) 1 b) -1 c) 1/√3 d) √3
Answer: b
3. If tan x = 1/√3, then tan2x Explanation: We know, tan 3x = (3tanx –
=_________________ tan3x)/(1-3tan2x)
a) 1 b) √3 c) 1/√3 d) 0 = (3*1 – 1)/(1-3)
Answer: b = (2)/(-2) = -1.
Explanation: We know, sin 2x = (2 tan x) / (1 –
tan2x) 9. cos 75° + cos 15° =___________________
tan 2x = (2*1/3–√) / (1-1/3) = (2*3)/2*√3 = √3. a) √3/√2 b) √2/√3
4. Which is correct? c) √3/√2 d) 1/√2
a) sin 3x = 3sinx – 4sin3x Answer: a
b) sin 3x = 4sinx – 3sin3x Explanation: We know, cos x + cos y = 2 cos
c) sin 3x = 3sin3x – 4sinx (x+y)/2 cos (x-y)/2
d) sin 3x = 4sin3x – 3sinx cos 75° + cos 15° = 2 cos (75°+15°)/2 cos(75°-
Answer: a 15°)/2
Explanation: sin 3x = sin (2x + x) = 2 * cos 45° * cos30°
= sin 2x cos x + cos 2x sin x = 2*(1/√2)*( √3/2)
= (2 sin x cos x) cos x + (1 – 2sin2 x) sin x = √3/√2.
= 2 sin x (1 – sin2 x) + sin x – 2 sin3 x
= 2 sin x – 2 sin3 x + sin x – 2 sin3 x 10. cos 75° – cos 15° =___________________
= 3 sin x – 4 sin3 x. a) √3/√2 b) √2/√3
c) 1/√2 d) –1/√2
5. Which is correct? Answer: d
a) cos 3x = 3cosx – 4cos3x Explanation: cos x – cos y = – 2 sin (x+y)/2 sin
b) cos 3x = 4cosx – 3cos3x (x-y)/2
c) cos 3x = 3cos3x – 4cosx cos 75° – cos 15° = – 2 sin (75°+15°)/2 sin(75°-
d) cos 3x = 4cos3x – 3cosx 15°)/2
Answer: d = – 2 sin 45° sin 30°
Explanation: cos 3x = cos (2x +x) = – 2*1/2–√*1/2= – 1/√2.
= cos 2x cos x – sin 2x sin x
= (2cos2 x – 1) cos x – 2sin x cos x sin x 11. sin 75° + sin 15° = _________________
= (2cos2 x – 1) cos x – 2cos x (1 – cos2 x) a) √3/√2 b) √2/√3
= 2cos3 x – cos x – 2cos x + 2 cos3 x c) √3/√2 d) 1/√2
= 4cos3 x – 3cos x. Answer: a
Explanation: We know, sin x + sin y = 2 sin
6. If sin x= 1/2, then sin 3x =_______________ (x+y)/2 cos (x-y)/2
a) √3/2 b) ½ c) 1/√2 d) 1 sin 75° + sin 15° = 2 sin (75°+15°)/2 cos(75°-
Answer: d 15°)/2
Explanation: We know, sin 3x = 3sin x – 4sin3x = 2 sin 45° cos 30°
= 3(1/2) – 4(1/2)3 = 2*1/2–√*3–√/2 = √3/2.
= 3/2 – 4/8 = 3/2 – 1/2 = 1.
12. sin 75° – sin 15° =_________________
7. If cos x=1/2, then cos 3x =_______________ a) √3/√2 b) √2/√3
a) 0 b) -1 c) 1/√2 d) 1 c) √3/√2 d) 1/√2

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Answer: d – cos (x + y)
Explanation: We know, sin x – sin y = 2 cos 2 sin 75° sin15° = cos (75°-15°) – cos (75°+15°)
(x+y)/2 sin (x-y)/2 = cos 60° – cos 90° = 1/2 – 0 = 1/2.
sin 75° – sin 15° = 2 cos (75°+15°)/2 sin(75°- 14. 2 cos 75° cos 15° =____________________
15°)/2 a) √3/√2 b) 1/2
= 2 cos 45° sin 30° c) 3/√2 d) 1/√2
= 2*1/2–√*1/2 = 1/√2. Answer: b
Explanation: We know, 2 cos x cos y = cos (x +
13. 2 sin 75° sin15° y) + cos (x – y)
=_____________________________ 2 cos 75° cos 15° = cos (75°+15°) + cos (75°-
a) √3/2 b) √2√3 15°)
c) ½ d) 1/√2 = cos 90° + cos 60°
Answer: c = 0 + 1/2 = 1/2.
Explanation: We know, 2 sin x sin y = cos (x – y)

TRIGNOMETRIC EQUATIONS - I

1. The solutions of a trigonometric a) π/6, 5π/6 b) π/3, 5π/3

equation for which ___________ are called c) π/3, 2π/3 d) 2π/3, 5π/3
principal solutions. Answer: d
a) 0 < x < 2π b) 0 ≤ x < π Explanation: Since tan x is negative in 2nd and
c) 0 ≤ x < 2π d) 0 ≤ x < nπ 4th quadrant so, there are two principal
Answer: c solutions to above equation i.e. x = π – π/3, 2π
Explanation: The solutions of a trigonometric – π/3. So, x=2π/3, 5π/3.
equation for which 0 ≤ x < 2π are called
principal solutions. x should lie between 0 and 5. Find the principal solutions of the
2π except 2π. equation sec x = -2.
a) 2π/3, 4π/3 b) 2π/3, 5π/3
2. The expression involving integer ‘n’ c) 4π/3, 5π/3 d) π/3, 5π/3
which gives all solutions of a trigonometric Answer: a
equation is called the principal solution. Explanation: Since sec x is negative in 2nd and
a) True b) False 3rd quadrant so, there are two principal
Answer: b solutions to above equation i.e. x = π – π/3, π +
Explanation: The expression involving integer π/3. So, x=2π/3, 4π/3.
‘n’ which gives all solutions of a trigonometric
equation is called the general solution. n is 6. Find the principal solutions of the
used in general solution only. equation sin x = -1/√2.
a) π/4, 3π/4 b) 3π/4, 5π/4
3. Find the principal solutions of the c) 3π/4, 7π/4 d) 5π/4, 7π/4
equation cos x = 1/2. Answer: d
a) π/6, 5π/6 b) π/3, 5π/3 Explanation: Since sin x is negative in 3rd and
c) π/3, 2π/3 d) 2π/3, 5π/3 4th quadrant so, there are two principal
Answer: b solutions to above equation i.e. x = 2π – π/4,
Explanation: Since cos x is positive in 1st and 2π + π/4. So, x=5π/4, 7π/4.
4th quadrant, so there are two principal
solutions to above equation i.e. x = π/3, 2π- 7. Find the principal solutions of the
π/3. So, x = π/3, 5π/3. equation cosec x=2.
a) π/6, 5π/6 b) π/6, 7π/6
4. Find the principal solutions of the c) 5π/6, 11π/6 d) 5π/6, 7π/6
equation tan x = – √3. Answer: a

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Explanation: Since cosec x is positive in 1st and a) x = 2nπ±7π/4 b) x = 2nπ±3π/4
2nd quadrant, so there are two principal c) x = 2nπ±π/4 d) x = 2nπ±π/3
solutions to above equation i.e. π/6, π – π/6. Answer: c
So, x=π/6, 5π/6. Explanation: cos x = – 1/√2
cos x = – cos π/4 = cos (π- π/4) = cos 3π/4
8. Find the principal solutions of the So, x = 2nπ±π/4.
equation cot x=1/√3.
a) π/3, 4π/3 b) 2π/3, 5π/3 11. Find general solution to equation cot x =
c) 4π/3, 5π/3 d) π/3, 5π/3 √3.
Answer: a a) x = nπ + π/3 b) x = nπ + π/6
Explanation: Since cot x is positive in 1st and c) x = nπ + 2π/3 d) x = nπ + 5π/6
3rd quadrant, so there are two principal Answer: b
solutions to above equation i.e. π/3, π + π/3. Explanation: cot x = √3
So, x=π/3, 4π/3. tan x = 1/√3
tan x = tan π/6
9. Find general solution to equation sin x = x = nπ + π/6.
1/2.
a) x = nπ + (-1)n π/3 12. Solve: tan x = cot x
b) x = nπ + (-1)n π/6 a) x = nπ/2 + (π/4) b) x = nπ + (3π/4)
c) x = nπ + (-1)n 2π/3 c) x = nπ + (π/4) d) x = nπ/2 + (3π/4)
d) x = nπ + (-1)n 5π/6 Answer: a
Answer: d Explanation: tan x = cot x
Explanation: sin x= 1/2 tan x = cot (π/2 – x)
sin x = sin π/6 x = nπ + (π/2 – x)
x = nπ + (-1)n π/6. 2x = nπ + (π/2)
x = nπ/2 + (π/4).
10. Find general solution to equation cos x
= – 1/√2.

TRIGNOMETRIC EQUATIONS - II

1. Which of the following will form the

following graph?

This is the curve of sinx.

It is given that the graph in the question does
not lay in the –y axis.
So, when we plot the graph of sin2x the part
a) sinx + cosx b) 2sin(x/2)
laying in the –y axis comes in the positive y
c) sin2x d) cosec(x2)
axis.
Answer: c
Explanation:
2. What is the value of tanθ?
a) √(1 + cos2θ)/cosθ b) √(1 – cos2θ)/cosθ
c) (√(1 – cos2θ))cosθd) √(1 – cos2θ)+cosθ

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Answer: b => (tan(A + B)/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2)
Explanation: If AOB is a righted angled triangle => (tan(π/2 + C/2)) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2)
with ∠AOB = θ and ∠BAO = 90° => cot (C/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2)
Also, consider OA = x and OB = 1 => tan (C/2) = (a – b)/(a + b) (cot(A – B)/2).
By definition, cosθ = OA/OB = x/1 = x
So, AB = √(1 – x2) 6. What is the value of (1 + cotA)(1 + cotB)
By definition, AB/OA = √(1 – x2)/x for isosceles right triangle ABC right angled
= √(1 – cos2θ)/cosθ. at A?
a) 0 b) 1
3. What will be the value of (sinx + c) 2 d) Data inadequate
cosecx)2 + (cosx + secx)2 ? Answer: c
a) ≥ 0 b) ≤ 0 Explanation: (1 + cotA)(1 + cotB)
c) ≤ 1 d) ≥ 1 Simplifying the above equation,
Answer: a = 1 + cotA + cotB + cotAcotB
Explanation: The given expression in LHS is, Putting the values of A and B, we get,
sin2x + cosec2x + 2 + cos2x + sec2x + 2 = 1 + cot90 + cot45 + cot90cot45
4 + (sin2x + cos2x) +(1 + tan2x) + (1 + cot2x) =1+0+1+0
= 7 + (tan2x + cot2x) = 2.
= 7 + (tanx – cotx)2 + 2 which is ≥ 0.
7. Which one is correct for Napier’s
4. What will be the value of dy/dx = (x + 2y + Analogy?
3)/(2x + 3y + 4)? a) tan (A/2) = (b – c)/(b + c) (tan(B + C)/2)
a) -2π – 9 b) 2π – 9 b) tan (A/2) = (b – c)/(b + c) (cot(B – C)/2)
c) -2π + 9 d) 2π + 9 c) tan (A/2) = (b + c)/(b – c) (cot(B – C)/2)
Answer: c d) tan (A) = (b – c)/(b + c) (tan(B – C)/2)
Explanation: We know, sec x = sec(π – x) Answer: b
So, sec 6 = sec(π – 9) Explanation: According to the law of sines, in
= sec(2π + 9) any triangle ABC,
= sec(3π – 9) a/sinA = b/sinB = c/sinC
= sec(-π – 9) So, a/b = sinA/sinB
= sec(-2π – 9) (a + b)/(a – b) = (sinA + sinB)/( sinA – sinB)
= sec(-3π – 9) => (a + b)/(a – b) = (2 sin((a + b)/2) cos((a –
So, sec-1(sin 9) = sin-1(sin (-2π + 9)) b)/2))/ (2 sin((a + b)/2) sin((a – b)/2))
= -2π + 9. => (a + b)/(a – b) = (tan(A + B)/2)/(tan(A – B)/2)
=> (tan(A + B)/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2)
5. Which one is correct for Napier’s => (tan(π/2 + C/2)) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2)
Analogy? => cot (C/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2)
a) tan (C/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2) => tan (C/2) = (a – b)/(a + b) (tan(A – B)/2)
b) tan (C/2) = (a – b)/(a + b) (cot(A – B)/2) Similarly, tan (A/2) = (b – c)/(b + c) (cot(B – C)/2).
c) tan (C/2) = (a – b)/(a + b) (cot(A + B)/2)
d) tan (C/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A + B)/2) 8. Which one is correct for Napier’s
Answer: b Analogy?
Explanation: According to the law of sines, in a) tan (B/2) = (c – a)/(c + a) (cot(C + A)/2)
any triangle ABC, b) tan (B/2) = (c – a)/(c + a) (cot(C – A)/2)
a/sinA = b/sinB = c/sinC c) tan (B/2) = (c + a)/(c – a) (cot(C – A)/2)
So, a/b = sinA/sinB d) tan (B) = (c – a)/(c + a) (cot(C – A)/2)
(a + b)/(a – b) = (sinA + sinB)/( sinA – sinB) Answer: b
=> (a + b)/(a – b) = (2 sin((a + b)/2) cos((a – Explanation: According to the law of sines, in
b)/2))/ (2 sin((a + b)/2) sin((a – b)/2)) any triangle ABC,
=> (a + b)/(a – b) = (tan(A + B)/2)/(tan(A – B)/2) a/sinA = b/sinB = c/sinC

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So, a/b = sinA/sinB Explanation: As, the critical points are -1 and 3,
(a + b)/(a – b) = (sinA + sinB)/( sinA – sinB) Therefore, the curve will lie from (-1, 3)
=> (a + b)/(a – b) = (2 sin((a + b)/2) cos((a – So, this curve will cut the positive y axis at y = 3
b)/2))/ (2 sin((a + b)/2) sin((a – b)/2)) and reach to the maximum height and come
=> (a + b)/(a – b) = (tan(A + B)/2)/(tan(A – B)/2) to point 3 at positive x axis.
=> (tan(A + B)/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2) Generally it attains a maximum height of 4
=> (tan(π/2 + C/2)) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2) units in positive y axis.
=> cot (C/2) = (a + b)/(a – b) (tan(A – B)/2) As, the equation is enclosed by modulus so, it
=> tan (C/2) = (a – b)/(a + b) (cot(A – B)/2) will lie only to upper y axis.
Similarly, tan (B/2) = (c – a)/(c + a) (cot(C – A)/2). 11. The given graph is for which equation?
9. The given graph is for which equation?

a) cosecx b) cotx
a) y = (x – 1)(x – 2)
c) secx d) cosx
b) y = (x + 1)(x + 2)
Answer: c
c) y = |(x – 1)(x – 2)|
Explanation: There are 2 curves.
d) y = |(x + 1)(x + 2)|
Answer: c
Explanation: As the critical points are 1and 2
so the graph will form in this range only.
Clearly, as the equation is enclosed in
modulus so,
The graph will lie in the positive y direction
and will approach infinity.

10. The given graph is for which equation? The blue curve is the graph of y = cosx
The red curve is the graph for y = secx
As, secx is reciprocal of cosx, so,
The graph of secx is the reciprocal of the
graph of cosx.
So, the point at which cosx attain maximum
height i.e. 1 and -1 in positive and negative y
axis is the point of origin of this graph that
approaches to infinity.

a) y = |(x + 1)(x – 3)|

b) y = |(x + 1)(x + 3)|
c) y = |(x – 1)(x – 3)|
d) y = -|(x + 1)(x – 3)|
Answer: a

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12. The given graph is for which equation?

a) |sinx| b) |cotx|
c) |sinx| d) Unpredictable The blue curve is for y = cotx and red line is for
Answer: b |cotx|
Explanation: The above graph is for |cotx| As, half the part of graph is below x axis is
negative so, due to modulus it moves to above
x axis.
The graph approaches to infinity.

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