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CAT 2022 Slot 3
VARC
Instructions [1 - 4 ]

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to eachquestion.

Interpretations of the Indian past . . . were inevitably influenced by colonial concerns andinterests, and also by prevalent European ideas
about history, civilization and the Orient.Orientalist scholars studied the languages and the texts with selected Indian scholars, butmade
little attempt to understand the world-view of those who were teaching them. Thereadings therefore are something of a disjuncture from
the traditional ways of looking at theIndian past. . . .

Orientalism [which we can understand broadly as Western perceptions of the Orient] fuelledthe fantasy and the freedom sought by
European Romanticism, particularly in its opposition tothe more disciplined Neo-Classicism. The cultures of Asia were seen as bringing a
newRomantic paradigm. Another Renaissance was anticipated through an acquaintance with theOrient, and this, it was thought, would be
different from the earlier Greek Renaissance. It wasbelieved that this Oriental Renaissance would liberate European thought and literature
fromthe increasing focus on discipline and rationality that had followed from the earlierEnlightenment. . . . [The Romantic English poets,
Wordsworth and Coleridge,] wereapprehensive of the changes introduced by industrialization and turned to nature and tofantasies of the
Orient.

However, this enthusiasm gradually changed, to conform with the emphasis later in thenineteenth century on the innate superiority of
European civilization. Oriental civilizations werenow seen as having once been great but currently in decline. The various phases
ofOrientalism tended to mould European understanding of the Indian past into a particularpattern. . . . There was an attempt to formulate
Indian culture as uniform, such formulationsbeing derived from texts that were given priority. The so-called ‘discovery’ of India was
largelythrough selected literature in Sanskrit. This interpretation tended to emphasize non-historicalaspects of Indian culture, for example
the idea of an unchanging continuity of society andreligion over 3,000 years; and it was believed that the Indian pattern of life was so
concernedwith metaphysics and the subtleties of religious belief that little attention was given to themore tangible aspects.

German Romanticism endorsed this image of India, and it became the mystic land for manyEuropeans, where even the most ordinary
actions were imbued with a complex symbolism.This was the genesis of the idea of the spiritual east, and also, incidentally, the refuge
ofEuropean intellectuals seeking to distance themselves from the changing patterns of theirown societies. A dichotomy in values was
maintained, Indian values being described as‘spiritual’ and European values as ‘materialistic’, with little attempt to juxtapose these
valueswith the reality of Indian society. This theme has been even more firmly endorsed by a sectionof Indian opinion during the last
hundred years.

It was a consolation to the Indian intelligentsia for its perceived inability to counter thetechnical superiority of the west, a superiority
viewed as having enabled Europe to colonizeAsia and other parts of the world. At the height of anti-colonial nationalism it acted as a
salvefor having been made a colony of Britain.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that to gain a more accurate view of a nation’shistory and culture, scholars should do all of
the following EXCEPT:

A develop an oppositional framework to grasp cultural differences.

B examine their own beliefs and biases.

C read widely in the country’s literature.

D examine the complex reality of that nation’s society.

Answer: A

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2. It can be inferred from the passage that the author is not likely to support the viewthat:

A India’s culture has evolved over the centuries.

B the Orientalist view of Asia fired the imagination of some Western poets.

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C India became a colony although it matched the technical knowledge of the West.

D Indian culture acknowledges the material aspects of life.

Answer: C

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3. In the context of the passage, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A Indian texts influenced Orientalist scholars.

B Orientalist scholarship influenced Indians.

C India’s spiritualism served as a salve for European colonisers.

D Orientalists’ understanding of Indian history was linked to colonial concerns.

Answer: C

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4. Which one of the following styles of research is most similar to the Orientalistscholars’ method of understanding Indian history
and culture?

A Studying artefacts excavated at a palace to understand the lifestyle of those who livedthere.

B Reading 18th century accounts by travellers to India to see how they viewed Indianlife and culture of the time.

Reading about the life of early American settlers and later waves of migration tounderstand the evolution of
C
American culture.

D Analysing Hollywood action movies that depict violence and sex to understandcontemporary America.

Answer: D

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Instructions [5 - 8 ]

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to eachquestion.

Sociologists working in the Chicago School tradition have focused on how rapid or dramaticsocial change causes increases in crime.
Just as Durkheim, Marx, Toennies, and otherEuropean sociologists thought that the rapid changes produced by industrialization
andurbanization produced crime and disorder, so too did the Chicago School theorists. Thelocation of the University of Chicago provided
an excellent opportunity for Park, Burgess, andMcKenzie to study the social ecology of the city. Shaw and McKay found . . . that areas of
thecity characterized by high levels of social disorganization had higher rates of crime anddelinquency.

In the 1920s and 1930s Chicago, like many American cities, experienced considerableimmigration. Rapid population growth is a
disorganizing influence, but growth resulting fromin-migration of very different people is particularly disruptive. Chicago’s in-migrants
were bothnative-born whites and blacks from rural areas and small towns, and foreign immigrants. Theheavy industry of cities like
Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh drew those seeking opportunitiesand new lives. Farmers and villagers from America’s hinterland, like
their European cousins ofwhom Durkheim wrote, moved in large numbers into cities. At the start of the twentiethcentury, Americans were
predominately a rural population, but by the century’s mid-point mostlived in urban areas. The social lives of these migrants, as well as
those already living in thecities they moved to, were disrupted by the differences between urban and rural life.According to social
disorganization theory, until the social ecology of the ‘‘new place’’ canadapt, this rapid change is a criminogenic influence. But most rural
migrants, and even manyof the foreign immigrants to the city, looked like and eventually spoke the same language asthe natives of the
cities into which they moved. These similarities allowed for more rapidsocial integration for these migrants than was the case for African
Americans and mostforeign immigrants.

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In these same decades America experienced what has been called ‘‘the great migration’’: themassive movement of African Americans out
of the rural South and into northern (and somesouthern) cities. The scale of this migration is one of the most dramatic in human
history.These migrants, unlike their white counterparts, were not integrated into the cities they nowcalled home. In fact, most American
cities at the end of the twentieth century werecharacterized by high levels of racial residential segregation . . . Failure to integrate
thesemigrants, coupled with other forces of social disorganization such as crowding, poverty, andillness, caused crime rates to climb in
the cities, particularly in the segregated wards andneighborhoods where the migrants were forced to live.

Foreign immigrants during this period did not look as dramatically different from the rest of thepopulation as blacks did, but the migrants
from eastern and southern Europe who came toAmerican cities did not speak English, and were frequently Catholic, while the native
bornwere mostly Protestant. The combination of rapid population growth with the diversity of thosemoving into the cities created what
the Chicago School sociologists called socialdisorganization.

5. Which one of the following sets of words/phrases best encapsulates the issuesdiscussed in the passage?

A Chicago School; Native-born Whites; European immigrants; Poverty

B Chicago School; Social organisation; Migration; Crime

C Durkheim; Marx; Toennies; Shaw

D Rapid population growth; Heavy industry; Segregation; Crime

Answer: B

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6. A fundamental conclusion by the author is that:

A according to European sociologists, crime in America is mainly in Chicago.

B the best circumstances for crime to flourish are when there are severe racialdisparities.

C to prevent crime, it is important to maintain social order through maintaining socialsegregation.

rapid population growth and demographic diversity give rise to social disorganisationthat can feed the growth of
D
crime.

Answer: D

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7. Which one of the following is not a valid inference from the passage?

The failure to integrate in-migrants, along with social problems like poverty, was asignificant reason for the rise in
A
crime in American cities.

According to social disorganisation theory, the social integration of African Americanmigrants into Chicago was
B
slower because they were less organised.

The differences between urban and rural lifestyles were crucial factors in thedisruption experienced by migrants to
C
American cities.

According to social disorganisation theory, fast-paced social change provides fertileground for the rapid growth of
D
crime.

Answer: B

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 8. The author notes that, “At the start of the twentieth century, Americans werepredominately a rural population, but by the
century’s mid-point most lived in urbanareas.” Which one of the following statements, if true, does not contradict thisstatement?

Economists have found that throughout the twentieth century, the size of the labourforce in America has always
A
been largest in rural areas.

B A population census conducted in 1952 showed that more Americans lived in ruralareas than in urban ones.

C The estimation of per capita income in America in the mid-twentieth century primarilyrequired data from rural areas.

D Demographic transition in America in the twentieth century is strongly marked by anout-migration from rural areas.

Answer: D

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Instructions [9 - 12 ]

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to eachquestion.

Nature has all along yielded her flesh to humans. First, we took nature’s materials as food,fibers, and shelter. Then we learned to extract
raw materials from her biosphere to create ourown new synthetic materials. Now Bios is yielding us her mind—we are taking her logic.

Clockwork logic—the logic of the machines—will only build simple contraptions. Truly complexsystems such as a cell, a meadow, an
economy, or a brain (natural or artificial) require arigorous nontechnological logic. We now see that no logic except bio-logic can
assemble athinking device, or even a workable system of any magnitude.

It is an astounding discovery that one can extract the logic of Bios out of biology and havesomething useful. Although many philosophers
in the past have suspected one could abstractthe laws of life and apply them elsewhere, it wasn’t until the complexity of computers
andhuman-made systems became as complicated as living things, that it was possible to provethis. It’s eerie how much of life can be
transferred. So far, some of the traits of the living thathave successfully been transported to mechanical systems are: self-replication,
self-governance, limited self-repair, mild evolution, and partial learning.

We have reason to believe yet more can be synthesized and made into something new. Yet atthe same time that the logic of Bios is being
imported into machines, the logic of Technos isbeing imported into life. The root of bioengineering is the desire to control the organic
longenough to improve it. Domesticated plants and animals are examples of technos-logic appliedto life. The wild aromatic root of the
Queen Anne’s lace weed has been fine-tuned overgenerations by selective herb gatherers until it has evolved into a sweet carrot of the
garden;the udders of wild bovines have been selectively enlarged in a “unnatural” way to satisfyhumans rather than calves. Milk cows and
carrots, therefore, are human inventions as muchas steam engines and gunpowder are. But milk cows and carrots are more indicative of
thekind of inventions humans will make in the future: products that are grown rather thanmanufactured.

Genetic engineering is precisely what cattle breeders do when they select better strains ofHolsteins, only bioengineers employ more
precise and powerful control. While carrot and milkcow breeders had to rely on diffuse organic evolution, modern genetic engineers can
usedirected artificial evolution—purposeful design—which greatly accelerates improvements.

The overlap of the mechanical and the lifelike increases year by year. Part of this bionicconvergence is a matter of words. The meanings
of “mechanical” and “life” are both stretchinguntil all complicated things can be perceived as machines, and all self-sustaining
machinescan be perceived as alive. Yet beyond semantics, two concrete trends are happening: (1)Human-made things are behaving
more lifelike, and (2) Life is becoming more engineered.The apparent veil between the organic and the manufactured has crumpled to
reveal that thetwo really are, and have always been, of one being.

9. Which one of the following sets of words/phrases best serves as keywords to thepassage?

A Complex systems; Carrots; Milk cows; Convergence; Technos-logic

B Nature; Computers; Carrots; Milk cows; Genetic engineering

C Nature; Bios; Technos; Self-repair; Holsteins

D Complex systems; Bio-logic; Bioengineering; Technos-logic; Convergence

Answer: D

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 10. The author claims that, “Part of this bionic convergence is a matter of words”. Whichone of the following statements best
expresses the point being made by the author?

“Bios” and “Technos” are both convergent forms of logic, but they generate meaningsabout the world that are
A
mutually exclusive.

“Mechanical” and “life” are words from different logical systems and are, therefore,fundamentally incompatible in
B
meaning.

C A bionic convergence indicates the meeting ground of genetic engineering andartificial intelligence.

“Mechanical” and “life” were earlier seen as opposite in meaning, but the differencebetween the two is increasingly
D
blurred.

Answer: D

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11. The author claims that, “The apparent veil between the organic and the manufacturedhas crumpled to reveal that the two really
are, and have always been, of one being.”Which one of the following statements best expresses the point being made by
theauthor here?

Organic reality has crumpled under the veil of manufacturing, rendering the apparentand the real as the same
A
being.

B The crumpling of the organic veil between apparent and manufactured reality revealsthem to have the same being.

Scientific advances are making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between organicreality and manufactured
C
reality

D Apparent reality and organic reality are distinguished by the fact that the former ismanufactured.

Answer: C

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12. None of the following statements is implied by the arguments of the passage, EXCEPT:

A historically, philosophers have known that the laws of life can be abstracted andapplied elsewhere.

B genetic engineers and bioengineers are the same insofar as they both seek to forceevolution in an artificial way.

the biological realm is as complex as the mechanical one; which is why the logic ofBios is being imported into
C
machines.

purposeful design represents the pinnacle of scientific expertise in the service ofhuman betterment and civilisational
D
progress.

Answer: B

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Instructions [13 - 16 ]

The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to eachquestion.

As software improves, the people using it become less likely to sharpen their own know-how.Applications that offer lots of prompts and
tips are often to blame; simpler, less solicitousprograms push people harder to think, act and learn.

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Ten years ago, information scientists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands had a group ofpeople carry out complicated analytical and
planning tasks using either rudimentary softwarethat provided no assistance or sophisticated software that offered a great deal of aid.
Theresearchers found that the people using the simple software developed better strategies,made fewer mistakes and developed a
deeper aptitude for the work. The people using themore advanced software, meanwhile, would often “aimlessly click around” when
confrontedwith a tricky problem. The supposedly helpful software actually short-circuited their thinkingand learning.

[According to] philosopher Hubert Dreyfus . . . . our skills get sharper only through practice,when we use them regularly to overcome
different sorts of difficult challenges. The goal ofmodern software, by contrast, is to ease our way through such challenges.
Arduous,painstaking work is exactly what programmers are most eager to automate—after all, that iswhere the immediate efficiency
gains tend to lie. In other words, a fundamental tension ripplesbetween the interests of the people doing the automation and the interests
of the peopledoing the work.

Nevertheless, automation’s scope continues to widen. With the rise of electronic healthrecords, physicians increasingly rely on software
templates to guide them through patientexams. The programs incorporate valuable checklists and alerts, but they also make
medicinemore routinized and formulaic—and distance doctors from their patients. . . . Harvard MedicalSchool professor Beth Lown, in a
2012 journal article . . . warned that when doctors become“screen-driven,” following a computer’s prompts rather than “the patient’s
narrative thread,”their thinking can become constricted. In the worst cases, they may miss important diagnosticsignals. . . .

In a recent paper published in the journal Diagnosis, three medical researchers . . . examinedthe misdiagnosis of Thomas Eric Duncan,
the first person to die of Ebola in the U.S., at TexasHealth Presbyterian Hospital Dallas. They argue that the digital templates used by
thehospital’s clinicians to record patient information probably helped to induce a kind of tunnelvision. “These highly constrained tools,”
the researchers write, “are optimized for data capturebut at the expense of sacrificing their utility for appropriate triage and diagnosis,
leading usersto miss the forest for the trees.” Medical software, they write, is no “replacement for basichistory-taking, examination skills,
and critical thinking.” . . .

There is an alternative. In “human-centered automation,” the talents of people takeprecedence. . . . In this model, software plays an
essential but secondary role. It takes overroutine functions that a human operator has already mastered, issues alerts when
unexpectedsituations arise, provides fresh information that expands the operator’s perspective andcounters the biases that often distort
human thinking. The technology becomes the expert’spartner, not the expert’s replacement.

13. In the Ebola misdiagnosis case, we can infer that doctors probably missed the forestfor the trees because:

A they were led by the data processed by digital templates

B the data collected were not sufficient for appropriate triage.

C the digital templates forced them to acquire tunnel vision.

D they used the wrong type of digital templates for the case.

Answer: A

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14. In the context of the passage, all of the following can be considered examples ofhuman-centered automation EXCEPT:

A medical software that provides optional feedback on the doctor’s analysis of themedical situation.

B a smart-home system that changes the temperature as instructed by the resident.

C software that auto-completes text when the user writes an email.

D software that offers interpretations when requested by the human operator.

Answer: C

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15. From the passage, we can infer that the author is apprehensive about the use ofsophisticated automation for all of the following
reasons EXCEPT that:

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A it stunts the development of its users.

B it could mislead people.

C computers could replace humans.

D it stops users from exercising their minds.

Answer: C

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16. It can be inferred that in the Utrecht University experiment, one group of people was“aimlessly clicking around” because:

A they did not have the skill-set to address complicated tasks.

B they were hoping that the software would help carry out the tasks.

C the other group was carrying out the tasks more efficiently.

D they wanted to avoid making mistakes.

Answer: B

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17. The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the optionthat best captures the essence of the
passage.

Tamsin Blanchard, curator of Fashion Open Studio, an initiative by a campaign groupshowcasing the work of ethical designers
says, “We're all drawn to an exquisite pieceof embroidery, a colourful textile or even a style of dressing that might have
originatedfrom another heritage. [But] this magpie mentality, where all of culture and history isup for grabs as 'inspiration', has
accelerated since the proliferation of social media...Where once a fashion student might research the history and traditions of a
particularitem of clothing with care and respect, we now have a world where images are liftedfrom image libraries without a care
for their cultural significance. It's easier than everto steal a motif or a craft technique and transfer it on to a piece of clothing that
iseither mass produced or appears on a runway without credit or compensation to theiroriginal communities."

Copying an embroidery design or pattern of textile from native communities who ownthem is tantamount to stealing
A
and they need to be compensated.

Media has encouraged mass production; images are copied effortlessly without careor concern for the interests of
B
ethnic communities.

Taking fashion ideas from any cultural group without their consent is a form ofappropriation without giving due
C
credit, compensation, and respect.

Cultural collaboration is the need of the hour. Beautiful design ideas of indigenouspeople need to be showcased and
D
shared worldwide.

Answer: C

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 18. The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4) below, when properly sequenced, wouldyield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the
proper sequencing of the order of thesentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

1.If I wanted to sit indoors and read, or play Sonic the Hedgehog on a red-hot SegaMega Drive, I would often be made to feel
guilty about not going outside to “enjoy itwhile it lasts”.
2.My mum, quite reasonably, wanted me and my sister out of the house, in the sun.
3.Tales of my mum’s idyllic-sounding childhood in the Sussex countryside, wheretrees were climbed by 8 am and streams
navigated by lunchtime, were passeddown to us like folklore.
4.To an introverted kid, that felt like a threat - and the feeling has stayed with me.

Answer:2314

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19. There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph anddecide in which blank (option 1, 2, 3, or 4)
the following sentence would best fit.

Sentence: When people socially learn from each other, they often learn withoutunderstanding why what they’re copying—the
beliefs and behaviours andtechnologies and know-how—works.

Paragraph: ___(1)___. The dual-inheritance theory ….says....that inheritance is itself anevolutionary system. It has variation. What
makes us a new kind of animal, and sodifferent and successful as a species, is we rely heavily on social learning, to the
pointwhere socially acquired information is effectively a second line of inheritance, the firstbeing our genes…. ___(2)___. People
tend to home in on who seems to be thesmartest or most successful person around, as well as what everybody seems to bedoing
—the majority of people have something worth learning. ___(3)___. When yourepeat this process over time, you can get, around
the world, cultural packages—beliefs or behaviours or technology or other solutions—that are adapted to the localconditions.
People have different psychologies, effectively. ___(4)___.

A Option 1

B Option 2

C Option 3

D Option 4

Answer: B

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20. The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the optionthat best captures the essence of the
passage.
To defend the sequence of alphabetisation may seem bizarre, so obvious is itsapplication that it is hard to imagine a reference,
catalogue or listing without it. Butalphabetical order was not an immediate consequence of the alphabet itself. In theMiddle Ages,
deference for ecclesiastical tradition left scholars reluctant to categorisethings according to the alphabet — to do so would be a
rejection of the divine order.The rediscovery of the ancient Greek and Roman classics necessitated more efficientways of
ordering, searching and referencing texts. Government bureaucracy in the16th and 17th centuries quickened the advance of
alphabetical order, bringing with itpigeonholes, notebooks and card indexes.

Unlike the alphabet, once the efficacy of the alphabetic sequence became apparentto scholars and administrators,
A
its use became widespread.

The alphabetic order took several centuries to gain common currency because ofreligious beliefs and a lack of
B
appreciation of its efficacy in the ordering of things.

The ban on the use by scholars of any form of categorisation - but the divinelyordained one - delayed the adoption of
C
the alphabetic sequence by several centuries.

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 While adoption of the written alphabet was easily accomplished, it took scholarsseveral centuries to accept the
D alphabetic sequence as a useful tool in their work.

Answer: B

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21. The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4) below, when properly sequenced, wouldyield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the
proper sequencing of the order of thesentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

1. The more we are able to accept that our achievements are largely out of ourcontrol, the easier it becomes to understand that
our failures, and those of others,are too.
2. But the raft of recent books about the limits of merit is an important correction tothe arrogance of contemporary entitlement
and an opportunity to reassert theimportance of luck, or grace, in our thinking.
3. Meritocracy as an organising principle is an inevitable function of a free society,as we are designed to see our achievements
as worthy of reward.
4. And that in turn should increase our humility and the respect with which we treatour fellow citizens, helping ultimately to build
a more compassionate society.

Answer:3214

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22. The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4) below, when properly sequenced, wouldyield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the
proper sequencing of the order of thesentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

1.Various industrial sectors including retail, transit systems, enterprises,educational institutions, event organizing, finance, travel
etc. have now startedleveraging these beacons solutions to track and communicate with their customers.
2.A beacon fixed on to a shop wall enables the retailer to assess the proximity ofthe customer, and come up with a much targeted
or personalized communicationlike offers, discounts and combos on products in each shelf.
3.Smart phones or other mobile devices can capture the beacon signals, anddistance can be estimated by measuring received
signal strength.
4.Beacons are tiny and inexpensive, micro-location-based technology devices thatcan send radio frequency signals and notify
nearby Bluetooth devices of theirpresence and transmit information.

Answer:4312

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23. There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph anddecide in which blank (option 1, 2, 3, or 4)
the following sentence would best fit.

Sentence: This has meant a lot of uncertainty around what a wide-scale return to officemight look like in practice.

Paragraph: Bringing workers back to their desks has been a rocky road for employersand employees alike. The evolution of the
pandemic has meant that best laid planshave often not materialised. ___(1)___ The flow of workers back into offices has
beenmore of a trickle than a steady stream. ___(2)___ Yet while plenty of companies arestill working through their new policies,
some employees across the globe are nowback at their desks, whether on a full-time or hybrid basis. ___(3)___ That means
we’rebeginning to get some clarity on what return-to-office means - what’s working, as wellas what has yet to be settled.
___(4)___

A Option 1

B Option 2

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 Option 3
C

D Option 4

Answer: B

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24. The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the optionthat best captures the essence of the
passage.

“It does seem to me that the job of comedy is to offend, or have the potential to offend,and it cannot be drained of that potential,”
Rowan Atkinson said of cancel culture.“Every joke has a victim. That’s the definition of a joke. Someone or something or anidea
is made to look ridiculous.” The Netflix star continued, “I think you’ve got to bevery, very careful about saying what you’re allowed
to make jokes about. You’vealways got to kick up? Really?” He added, “There are lots of extremely smug and self-satisfied
people in what would be deemed lower down in society, who also deserve tobe pulled up. In a proper free society, you should be
allowed to make jokes aboutabsolutely anything.”

All jokes target someone and one should be able to joke about anyone in the society,which is inconsistent with
A
cancel culture.

B Every joke needs a victim and one needs to include people from lower down thesociety and not just the upper class.

Victims of jokes must not only be politicians and royalty, but also arrogant peoplefrom lower classes should be
C
mentioned by comedians.

D Cancel culture does not understand the role and duty of comedians, which is toderide and mock everyone.

Answer: A

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Instructions [25 - 29 ]

In the following, a year corresponds to 1st of January of that year.

A study to determine the mortality rate for a disease began in 1980. The study chose 1000males and 1000 females and followed them
for forty years or until they died, whichever camefirst. The 1000 males chosen in 1980 consisted of 250 each of ages 10 to less than 20,
20 toless than 30, 30 to less than 40, and 40 to less than 50. The 1000 females chosen in 1980also consisted of 250 each of ages 10 to
less than 20, 20 to less than 30, 30 to less than 40,and 40 to less than 50.

The four figures below depict the age profile of those among the 2000 individuals who werestill alive in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. The
blue bars in each figure represent the number ofmales in each age group at that point in time, while the pink bars represent the number
offemales in each age group at that point in time. The numbers next to the bars give the exactnumbers being represented by the bars. For
example, we know that 230 males among thosetracked and who were alive in 1990 were aged between 20 and 30.

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 25. In 2000, what was the ratio of the number of dead males to dead females among thosebeing tracked?

A 71 : 69

B 41 : 43

C 129 : 131

D 109 : 107

Answer: A

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26. How many people who were being tracked and who were between 30 and 40 years ofage in 1980 survived until 2010?

A 110

B 90

C 190

D 310
Answer: C

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 27. How many individuals who were being tracked and who were less than 30 years of agein 1980 survived until 2020?

A 240

B 580

C 470

D 230

Answer: C

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28. How many of the males who were being tracked and who were between 20 and 30years of age in 1980 died in the period 2000 to
2010?

Answer:40

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29. How many of the females who were being tracked and who were between 20 and 30years of age in 1980 died between the ages
of 50 and 60?

Answer:30

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Instructions [30 - 34 ]

There are only four neighbourhoods in a city - Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto.During the onset of a pandemic, the number of
new cases of a disease in each of theseneighbourhoods was recorded over a period of five days. On each day, the number of newcases
recorded in any of the neighbourhoods was either 0, 1, 2 or 3.

The following facts are also known:

1.There was at least one new case in every neighbourhood on Day 1.

2.On each of the five days, there were more new cases in Kitmisto than in Pesmisto.
3.The number of new cases in the city in a day kept increasing during the five-day period.The number of new cases on Day 3 was exactly
one more than that on Day 2.
4.The maximum number of new cases in a day in Pesmisto was 2, and this happened onlyonce during the five-day period.
5.Kitmisto is the only place to have 3 new cases on Day 2.
6.The total numbers of new cases in Levmisto, Tyhrmisto, Pesmisto and Kitmisto over thefive-day period were 12, 12, 5 and 14
respectively.

30. What BEST can be concluded about the total number of new cases in the city on Day2?

A Either 7 or 8

B Exactly 7

C Either 6 or 7

D Exactly 8

Answer: D

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  Video Solution

31. What BEST can be concluded about the number of new cases in Levmisto on Day 3?

A Either 2 or 3

B Exactly 2

C Exactly 3

D Either 0 or 1

Answer: C

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32. On which day(s) did Pesmisto not have any new case?

A Only Day 3

B Only Day 2

C Both Day 2 and Day 3

D Both Day 2 and Day 4

Answer: A

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33. Which of the two statements below is/are necessarily false?

Statement A: There were 2 new cases in Tyhrmisto on Day 3.
Statement B: There were no new cases in Pesmisto on Day 2.

A Statement A only

B Neither Statement A nor Statement B

C Statement B only

D Both Statement A and Statement B

Answer: D

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34. On how many days did Levmisto and Tyhrmisto have the same number of new cases?

A 2

B 3

C 4

D 5

Answer: D
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  Video Solution

Free Videos for CAT Preparation

Instructions [35 - 39 ]

All the first-year students in the computer science (CS) department in a university take boththe courses (i) AI and (ii) ML. Students from
other departments (non-CS students) can alsotake one of these two courses, but not both. Students who fail in a course get an F
grade;others pass and are awarded A or B or C grades depending on their performance. Thefollowing are some additional facts about the
number of students who took these two coursesthis year and the grades they obtained.

1.The numbers of non-CS students who took AI and ML were in the ratio 2 : 5.
2.The number of non-CS students who took either AI or ML was equal to the number of CSstudents.
3.The numbers of non-CS students who failed in the two courses were the same and theirtotal is equal to the number of CS students who
got a C grade in ML.
4.In both the courses, 50% of the students who passed got a B grade. But, while thenumbers of students who got A and C grades were
the same for AI, they were in the ratio 3 :2 for ML.
5.No CS student failed in AI, while no non-CS student got an A grade in AI.
6.The numbers of CS students who got A, B and C grades respectively in AI were in the ratio3 : 5 : 2, while in ML the ratio was 4 : 5 : 2.
7.The ratio of the total number of non-CS students failing in one of the two courses to thenumber of CS students failing in one of the two
courses was 3 : 1.
8.30 students failed in ML.

35. How many students took AI?

A 60

B 210

C 90

D 270

Answer: D

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36. How many CS students failed in ML?

Answer:12

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37. How many non-CS students got A grade in ML?

Answer:27

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38. How many students got A grade in AI?

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A 99

B 42

C 84

D 63

Answer: D

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39. How many non-CS students got B grade in ML?

A 165

B 75

C 25

D 90

Answer: B

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Instructions [40 - 44 ]

Pulak, Qasim, Ritesh, and Suresh participated in a tournament comprising of eight rounds. Ineach round, they formed two pairs, with each
of them being in exactly one pair. The onlyrestriction in the pairing was that the pairs would change in successive rounds. For example,
ifPulak formed a pair with Qasim in the first round, then he would have to form a pair withRitesh or Suresh in the second round. He would
be free to pair with Qasim again in the thirdround. In each round, each pair decided whether to play the game in that round or not. If
theydecided not to play, then no money was exchanged between them. If they decided to play,they had to bet either ₹1 or ₹2 in that
round. For example, if they chose to bet ₹2, then theplayer winning the game got ₹2 from the one losing the game.

At the beginning of the tournament, the players had ₹10 each. The following table showspartial information about the amounts that the
players had at the end of each of the eightrounds. It shows every time a player had ₹10 at the end of a round, as well as every time, atthe
end of a round, a player had either the minimum or the maximum amount that he wouldhave had across the eight rounds. For example,
Suresh had ₹10 at the end of Rounds 1, 3,and 8 and not after any of the other rounds. The maximum amount that he had at the end ofany
round was ₹13 (at the end of Round 5), and the minimum amount he had at the end ofany round was ₹8 (at the end of Round 2). At the
end of all other rounds, he must have hadeither ₹9, ₹11, or ₹12.

It was also known that Pulak and Qasim had the same amount of money with them at the endof Round 4.

40. What BEST can be said about the amount of money that Ritesh had with him at the endof Round 8?

A ₹4 or ₹5

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 Exactly ₹5
B

C ₹5 or ₹6

D Exactly ₹6

Answer: D

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41. What BEST can be said about the amount of money that Pulak had with him at the endof Round 6?

A Exactly ₹12

B Exactly ₹11

C ₹12 or ₹13

D ₹11 or ₹12

Answer: A

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42. How much money (in ₹) did Ritesh have at the end of Round 4?

Answer:6

 Video Solution

43. How many games were played with a bet of ₹2?

Answer:6

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How to prepare for Logical Reasoning for CAT

44. Which of the following pairings was made in Round 5?

A Qasim and Suresh

B Pulak and Ritesh

C Pulak and Qasim

D Pulak and Suresh

Answer: D

 Video Solution

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 Data Interpretation for CAT Questions (download pdf)

Quant
16x 49y
45. If c = y + x for some non-zero real numbers x an y, then c cannot take the value

A 60

B −50

C −70

D −60
Answer: B

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46. Suppose k is any integer such that the equation 2x2 + kx + 5 = 0 has no real roots and the equation x2 + (k − 5)x + 1 = 0
has two distinct real roots for x. Then, the number of possi ble values of k is

A 9

B 7

C 8

D 13

Answer: A

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7
5 3x−y 875 4a 2a
47. If ( ) = 2401 and ( b )6x−y =( b )y−6x, for all non-zero real values of a and b, then the value of x + y is

Answer:14

 Video Solution

48. Consider six distinct natural numbers such that the average of the two smallest numbers is 14, and the average of the two largest
numbers is 28. Then, the maximum possible value of the average of these six numbers is

A 23

B 24

C 23.5

D 22.5

Answer: D

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49. Suppose the medians BD and CE of a triangle ABC intersect at a point O. If area of triangle ABC is 108 sq. cm., then, the area of
the triangle EOD, in sq. cm., is

Answer:9

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50. If (3 + 2 2) is a root of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 and (4 + 2 3) is a root of the equation ay2 + my + n = 0 where a,
b c−2b
b, c, m and n are integers, then the value of ( m + n ) is

A 0

B 1

C 3

D 4

Answer: D

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51. A group of N people worked on a project. They finished 35% of the project by working 7 hours a day for 10 days. Thereafter, 10
people left the group and the remaining people finished the rest of the project in 14 days by working 10 hours a day. Then the va
lue of N is

A 150

B 23
C 36

D 140

Answer: D

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52. A glass contains 500 cc of milk and a cup contains 500 cc of water. From the glass, 150 cc of milk is transferred to the cup and
mixed thoroughly. Next, 150 cc of this mixture is transferred from the cup to the glass. Now, the amount of water in the glass and
the amount of milk in the cup are in the ratio

A 1:3

B 10 : 13

C 3 : 10

D 10 : 3

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 Answer: A

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53. Nitu has an initial capital of ₹20,000. Out of this, she invests ₹8,000 at 5.5% in bank A, ₹5,000 at 5.6% in bank Band the
remaining amount at x% in bank C, each rate being simple interest per annum. Her combined annual interest income from these
investments is equal to 5% of the initial capita l. If she had invested her entire initia l capital in bank C alone, then her annual
interest income, in rupees, would have been

A 700

B 800

C 900

D 1000

Answer: B

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54. Two cars travel from different locations at constant speeds. To meet each other after starting at the same time, they take 1.5
hours if they travel towards each other, but 10.5 hours if they travel in the same direction. If the speed of the slower car is 60
km/hr, then the distance traveled, in km, by the slower car when it meets the other car while traveling towards each other, is

A 100

B 90

C 120

D 150

Answer: B

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55. The arithmetic mean of all the distinct numbers that can be obtained by rearranging
the digits in 1421, including itself, is

A 2222

B 2442

C 2592

D 3333

Answer: A

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56. The lengths of all four sides of a quadrilateral are integer valued. If three of its sides are of length 1 cm, 2 cm and 4 cm, then the
total number of possible lengths of the fourth side is

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A 3

B 4

C 6

D 5

Answer: D

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57. The average of all 3-digit terms in the arithmetic progression 38, 55, 72, ..., is

Answer:548

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58. In an examination, the average marks of students in sections A and B are 32 and 60, respectively. The number of students in
section A is 10 less than that in section B. If the average marks of all the students across both the sections combined is an
integer, then the difference between the maximum and minimum possible number of students in section A is

Answer:63

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2x − r ifx ≥ r
59. Let r be a real numbe r and f(x) = { r ifx < r . Then, the equation f(x) = f(f(x)) holds for all real values of x

where

A x>r

B x≤r

C x
=r

D x≥r
Answer: D

 Video Solution

60. In a triangle ABC, AB = AC = 8 cm. A circle drawn with BC as diameter passes through A. Another circle drawn with center at A
passes through Band C. Then the area, in sq. cm, of the overlapping region between the two circles is

A 16π

B 16(π − 1)

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C
32(π − 1)

D 32π
Answer: C

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61. A school has less than 5000 students and if the students are divided equally into teams of either 9 or 10 or 12 or 25 each, exactly
4 are always left out. However, if they are divided into teams of 11 each, no one is left out. The maximum number of teams of 12
each that can be formed out of the students in the school is

Answer:150

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x2 −6x+10
62. The mnumum possible value of 3x , for x < 3, is

1
A −2

B 2

1
C 2

D -2

Answer: B

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63. A donation box can receive only cheques of ₹100, ₹250, and ₹500. On one good day, the donation box was found to contain
exactly 100 cheques amounting to a total sum of ₹15250. Then, the maximum possible number of cheques of ₹500 that the
donation box may have contained, is

Answer:12

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64. Moody takes 30 seconds to finish riding an escalator if he walks on it at his normal speed in the same direction. He takes 20
seconds to finish riding the escalator if he walks at twice his normal speed in the same direction. If Moody decides to stand still
on the escalator, then the time, in seconds, needed to finish riding the escalator is

Answer:60

 Video Solution

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 65. Two ships are approaching a port along straight routes at constant speeds. Initially, the two ships and the port formed an
equilateral triangle with sides of length 24 km. When the slower ship travelled 8 km, the triangle formed by the new positions of
the two ships and the port became right-angled. When the faster ship reaches the port, the distance, in km, between the other
ship and the port will be

A 4

B 12

C 8

D 6

Answer: B

 Video Solution

66. Bob can finish a job in 40 days, if he works alone. Alex is twice as fast as Bob and thrice as fast as Cole in the same job. Suppose
Alex and Bob work together on the first day, Bob and Cole work together on the second day, Cole and Alex work together on the
third day, and then, they continue the work by repeating this three - day roster, with Alex and Bob orking together on the fourth
day, and so on. Then, the total number of days Alex would have worked when the job gets finished, is

Answer:11

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About CAT exam

Important Verbal Ability Questions for CAT (Download PDF)

How to prepare for Logical Reasoning for CAT

Data Interpretation for CAT Questions (download pdf)

Logical Reasoning for CAT Questions (download pdf)

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